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7/24/2019 Structure of Joint
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Structure of JointYOSSIE ATYANDHARI
7/24/2019 Structure of Joint
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Joint Function
1. Hold the skeletal ones to!ether
". Allo# the skeleton so$e %e&iilit' so !ross $o(e$ent can occur
). *ake one !ro#th +ossile
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Joint classi,cation
-lassi,cation ' structure
1. Firous oints
/ ones held to!ether ',rous connecti(etissue
0suture s'ndes$osis!o$+hosis2
". -artila!enous oints
/ ones held to!ether 'cartila!e
). S'no(ial oints
/ co$+le& structure #ithcartila!e and ca(ities
-lassi,cation ' fun
1. S'narthroses
I$$o(ale oints
". A$+hiarthrose
Sli!htl' $o(ale
). Diarthroses
Freel' $o(ale o
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3eneral ack!round
1 e&tra oint cate!or'
Bony joint (synostosis)
I$$oile 0i$$o(ale2
" ones ossif' to!ether 0essentiall' $er!e or #eldto!ether2
So$e cranial sutures 0,ssures in the craniu$2 ossi,ed
4hen the !ro#th +late fuses5calci,es o(er 0oinin! the
e+i+h'sis and dia+h'sis in lon! ones2
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Fibrous joint(synarthrosis)
1.Suture
". 3o$+hosis
). S'ndes$osis
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1. Sutures
Suture6 i$$oile oints in theskull 0,ssures2 throu!h the
thickness of the outerco$+act one
/7serrate89 #a(' lines 0like a serratedknife2
/ skull6+arietal5frontal ones
7la+85 7s:ua$ous89 dia!onal line
Skull6 te$+oral5+arietal ones
7+lane8 5 7utt89 strai!ht line
;aired $a&illar' and +alatine ones
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". 3o$+hosis
#here teeth attached to one
Tooth is 7held in +lace8 ' ,+eridontal li!a$ent8 $ade ofcolla!en that ori!inates fro$
a# one
Firous 7oint8 +er$its sli!ht
$o(e$ent #hen itin!
I$+ortant sensor' $echanis$kno# ho# hard or soft 'ou aritin!
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). S'ndes$osis
-ollla!en ,ers ind " ones
*ore $oilit' ut still (er'li$ited
Distal end Tiia < ,ula
Distal end Radius < ulna
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-artila!inous oints6 0amphiarthrosis
1. S'nchondrosis6 one isound 5oined 'hyaline
cartila!e
The !ro#th +latein lon! ones
The ,rst riattached to the
sternu$ 0ON=Y
the ,rst ri2
". S'$+h'ses6 ones areoined ' fbrouscartila!e
;uic one0+el(is2
>et#een
(erterae
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S'no(ial oints
/ ?er' co$+le&
7s'no(ial8 se+arated' a s+ace 07s'no(ialca(it'82 #heres'no(ial %uid isretained
S'no(ial %uid rich inalu$in 0lood +rotein2and h'aluronic acid 0aluricant2
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S'no(ial oints
Joint $e$rane6
Outer ,rous ca+sule 0continuous #ith the+eriosteu$2
Inner s'no(ial $e$rane secretes thes'no(ial %uid into the oint ca+sule
Each one in(ol(ed in the oint is co(ered' articular cartila!e " $$ thick
/The ones $ake u+ the oint are 7heldto!ether8 ' li!a$ents
Hel+ to locate the ones in the correct 7+lace8so that their articular cartila!e 7rides8correctl'
T f i t l i, ti h
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
>all @ Socketoints 0hi+and shoulder2
Hin!e oints0hu$erusand ulna knee ,n!ersand toes2
;i(ot oints0radius andulna forear$5elo# and
the ,rst " (erterae of'our s+ine2
3lidin! oints 0car+al2
Saddle oints0thu$sternu$5cla(icle2
-ond'loid oints0,n!ers2
T f i t l i, ti h
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
>all @ Socketoints 0hi+ andshoulder2
The ON=Y $ulti/directional oints'ou ha(e
T f i t l i, ti h
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
Hin!e oints0hu$erus and ulnaknee ,n!ers and toes2
1 ran!e of $o(e$ent 0%i+/+hone2
T +es of oints classi,cation sha+e
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
;i(ot oints0radius and ulnaforear$5elo# and the ,rst "(erterae of 'our s+ine2
4hen 1 one s+ins on
another #hen 'ou sa' no or
turn a door kno2
T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
3lidin! oints >one surface
al$ost %at
>ones slide alon!each other
E&6 car+al one
+atella/fe$ur
T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e
Saddle oints0thu$sternu$5cla(icle2
" ran!es of $otion
0hold so$ethin! ti!ht9 sa!ittal +lanes+read hand 9 frontal+lane2
-ond'loid oints0,n!ers2
" ran!es of $otion6$ake a ,st 9 sa!ittal+lane s+read ,n!ers9 frontal +lane
- l i t
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-o$+le& oints
*an' oints ha(e characteristics of $ulti+le ointt'+es
Elo# is oth a hin!e oint 0#here ulnaand hu$erus $eet2 as #ell as a +i(otoint 0#here radius and ulna $eet2
nee is si$ilar to the elo# oint #ithouas $uch %e&iilit' 0$uch stron!er andli$ited2
Te$+oro/$andiular oint has oth late
and dorsal5(entral $o(e$ent
-o$+le& s'no(ial oints
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-o$+le& s'no(ial oints
In a fe# oints 0a# 9
te$+oro/$andiular20sternu$5collarone9sterno/cla(icular20ankle 9 distal tiia/,ula2 there is anarticular disc
In 'our knee this iscalled a meniscus
for !uidance of the kneeones
for shock asor+tion
Accessories to s'no(ial oints
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Accessories to s'no(ial ointsOther structures +resent in
s'no(ial oints6
Tendons6 colla!en/asedconnecti(e tissue holds $uscle toone
=i!a$ents6 colla!en/asedconnecti(e tissue holds one to one
>ursa6 ,rous 7sac8 that holdss'no(ial %uid
4ra+s around $uscles +re(entruin!
7ursitis8 9 in%a$$ation of theursa
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References
*iller *.D. et al. ?I. O(er(ie# of Ortho+eaedics. Else(ier. "B11
Solo$on =. et al. III. A+le'Cs -oncise s'ste$ of ortho+aedics and fractures.