School of Engineering / Skool vir Ingenieurswese Department of Mechanical & Aeronautical Engineering / Meganiese- en Lugvaartkundige Ingenieurswese Structural Mechanics – MSY 310 Lecturer: Dr Helen Inglis Last Revision: 1 February 2017 © Copyright reserved

TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.ORGANIZATIONALCOMPONENT............................................................................2

1.1Introduction...................................................................................................2

1.2General..........................................................................................................2

1.3LearningActivities.........................................................................................3

1.4PrescribedLiterature.....................................................................................4

1.5Assessment....................................................................................................5

1.6Departmentalstudyguide.............................................................................6

2.STUDYCOMPONENT..............................................................................................8

2.1GeneralObjectives........................................................................................8

2.2PrerequisiteLearning....................................................................................8

2.3StudyThemes................................................................................................9

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1.ORGANIZATIONALCOMPONENT1.1IntroductionStructuralmechanicsisconcernedwithanalyzingtheeffectofexternalappliedloadsonstructures.ApplyingtheprinciplesofNewtonianmechanics,theresistanceofthematerial to these external loads results in internal reaction forces that causedeformationanddisplacementwithintheloadedmaterial.In this course,wewill analyse andunderstand the stresses anddeformations thatresult from applied loading.Wewill consider different design and failure criteria,appropriate foreachmaterial.Thisunderstanding isnecessarytodesignstructuresforsafeandfailurefreeoperation.1.2General1.2.1TeachingphilosophyLectureswillbeusedtoconveyfundamentalprinciplesandtoanswerquestions.Itisexpectedthatthestudentmasterthedetailofthesubjectbyself-studyandpractice.Inordertoachievethis,thehomeworkproblemsareofgreatvalue.The focus is on understanding rather than on memorisation, which stimulatescreative thinking and innovation skills in structural mechanics. It is thereforeimportant to not only ask the question ‘How?’ but also ‘Why?’ Students areencouragedtobeabletodiscerntheimportantglobalaspectsofaproblemfromthedetails.Forthistheunderlyingtheoryandprinciplesareveryimportant.1.2.2LecturerandTeachingAssistantsThecoursewillbepresentedbyDrHelenInglis.Office:Engineering1-Room10-21E-mail:helen.inglis@up.ac.zaThepreferredcontactmethodisemail,whichwillbeansweredwithinonebusinessday.Pleaserememberthatemailsareaformofprofessionalcommunication.Inthesubject line, include the course code and a descriptive subject. Use appropriateformsofaddress.Pleaseincludeyourfullnameandstudentnumber.A number of teaching assistants will be appointed. Their contact details will bepublishedastheyareavailable.

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1.2.3ClassSchedule Monday Tutorial 13:30–15:30 EngIII-6

Tuesday Lecture 09:30–10:30 EngIII-6

Wednesday Lecture 11:30–12:30 EngIII-1

Thursday Lecture 07:30–08:30 EngIII-6 1.2.4OfficeHoursOffice hours will be arranged in the first week of classes to be convenient for asmanypeopleaspossible.Ifadditionalconsultationisnecessary,pleasescheduleviaemail.1.2.5ElectronicNoticeBoardA module for Structural Mechanics (MSY310) will be available on ClickUP. Allcorrespondence and administration will be handled electronically via ClickUP.StudentsareencouragedtouseClickUPcontinuouslythroughthesemester.Notesandassignmentswillbepostedonthewebsiteanditisexpectedthatstudentsdownloadtherelevantmaterialbeforelecturesandtutorials.

1.3Learningactivities1.3.1ContactTimeThecourseruns throughthe1st semesterandthereare3 lecturesand1 two-hourtutorialperweekfor12weeks,asshownintheclassschedule.There are 36 lectures during which the relevant principles will be conveyed. It isexpected that students attend class regularly and be prepared at all times toparticipate in class discussions. Tutorials offer an opportunity for the students todiscuss issues regarding structuralmechanicswith the lecturer, teachingassistantsand classmates. This is a 16 credit module requiring approximately 160 learninghours.Students should thereforebespendingapproximatelyeighthoursperweekworkingonthemodulebesidesthetimespentinclass.Thesehourscouldbespentpreparingforclass;reviewingclassnotes;workingthroughthetextbook;completinghomeworksandprojects.

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1.3.2HomeworkAssignmentsRegular homework assignments will be given to help guide students in theirpreparation.Thesehomeworkassignmentswillnotbeassessed.1.3.3Practical:The practical will consist of a laboratory session with application to structuralmechanics.Thepracticalwillcontributetothesemestermark1.3.4TutorialandClassTestsOccasionaltutorialandclasstestsmaybegiventoassessstudents’progress.Thesewillcontributetothesemestermark.1.3.5ComputerLiteracySince someof the problems in thismodule are calculation intensive, studentswillbenefitconsiderablyfromcomputeraccess.AworkingknowledgeofPythonorotherprogramming language is required andproficiencywith a spreadsheetwill also bevaluable.Access toacomputerandthesoftwarementionedcanbeobtainedfromthefaculty’scomputerlaboratory.1.4CourseLiterature1.4.1PrescribedTextbookGere, JM and Goodno, BJ, “Mechanics of Materials”, 8th SI edition, CengageLearning,2013.ISBN978-1-111-57774-2.1.4.2RecommendedTextbooksBudynas,RGandNesbitt,KJ,“Shigley’sMechanicalEngineeringDesign”,10thedition,McGraw-Hill,2014.1.4.3CourseNotesOccasional course notes will be published on ClickUP where necessary. It is thestudent’sresponsibilitytodownloadthesenotes.

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1.5Assessment1.5.1TestandExaminationTwo semester testswill bewrittenduring the semester. Thedurationofeach testwillbe90minuteswhiletheexaminationwillbe180minutes.Nostudymaterialornotes will be allowed in tests and exams. No alphanumerical programmablecalculatorswill be allowed in the tests and exams. Thenecessary information andformulasfortheexamwillbegivenduringtheexam.ThisisanexitlevelmoduleforECSAOutcome1:ProblemSolving.Learningoutcome:Demonstratecompetencetoidentify,assess,formulateandsolveconvergentanddivergentengineeringproblemscreativelyandinnovatively.Associated Assessment Criteria: The candidate applies in a number of variedinstances,asystematicproblemsolvingmethodincluding:

1. Analyses and defines the problem, identifies the criteria for an acceptablesolution;

2. Identifies necessary information and applicable engineering and otherknowledgeandskills;

3. Generatesandformulatespossibleapproachestosolutionofproblem;4. Modelsandanalysespossiblesolution(s);5. Evaluatespossiblesolutionsandselectsbestsolution;6. Formulatesandpresentsthesolutioninanappropriateform.

RangeStatement:Problemsrequiresidentificationandanalysis.Somecasesoccurinunfamiliar contexts. Problems are both concrete and abstract and may involveuncertainty.Solutionsarebasedontheoryandevidence, togetherwith judgementwherenecessary.A number of problems in both semester tests and the final examination will beassessedwitharubricbasedontheECSAproblemsolvingrequirement.Inorderforastudenttopassthemodule,itisnecessarythattheyattainamarkofatleast50%onthiscomponentoftheassessment.1.5.2FinalMarkTheFinalmarkwillbecalculatedasfollows:Exammark 50%Classmark 50%TOTAL: 100%Classmarkbreakdown:Practical 15%Tutorialandclasstests 15%SemesterTest1 35%SemesterTest2 35%

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Practical:

The practical will consist of a laboratory session with application to structuralmechanics.Amarkforthepracticalofatleast40%isrequiredtobeadmittedtotheexam.

AdmissiontotheExam:Astudentwillbeadmittedtotheexamifasemestermarkofatleast40%hasbeenachieved,andapracticalmarkofatleast40%hasbeenachieved.PassRequirements:Passingrequiresafinalmarkofatleast50%,andasubminimumof50%ontheECSAproblemsolvingrubric.SickTest:A sick test will be granted to students who qualify for such a test. It is theresponsibility of the student to apply for such test according to the procedurestipulated in the departmental study guide. Only one sick test, on all the workcovereduptothelecturebeforethesicktest,willbegiven.Thetestwillbewrittenafterthesecondsemestertest.1.6DepartmentalstudyguideThisstudyguideisacrucialpartofthegeneralstudyguideoftheDepartment.InthestudyguideoftheDepartment,informationisgivenonthemissionandvisionofthedepartment ,generaladministrationandregulations(professionalismand integrity,course related information and formal communication, workshop use and safety,plagiarism, class representativeduties, sick test and sick examguidelines, vacationwork, appeal process and adjustment of marks, university regulations, frequentlyasked questions), ECSA outcomes and ECSA exit level outcomes, ECSA knowledgeareas,CDIO,newcurriculumandassessmentof cognitive levels. It isexpected thatyou are very familiar with the content of the Departmental Study Guide. It isavailableinEnglishandAfrikaansontheDepartment’swebsite.English:http://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/120/Noticeboard/2017/departmental-studyguide-eng-2017.zp107056.pdfAfrikaans:http://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/120/Noticeboard/2017/departementele-studiegids-afr-2017.zp107058.pdfTakenoteofthespecificinstructionsintheabovestudyguideon:

a. Safetyb. Plagiarism

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c. Whattodoifyouweresick(veryimportant)?d. Appealprocessontheadjustmentofmarks

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2.STUDYCOMPONENT2.1GeneralObjectivesTheeffectiveapplicationofstructuralmechanicsissomehoworanotherrelevanttomostengineeringdisciplines. StructuralMechanics is concernedwithanalysing theeffectsofapplied loadsonand inbodies. In thismodule thestudentwillprimarilystudythefollowing:

• Thestressandstrainrelationshipsinamaterial.• Themechanicsofvariousstructuralmembersunderappliedloading.• Thefailureandfractureofmaterials.• Thistheoryinturnequipsthestudenttodesign:

o Againstdisplacementslimits;o Againststresslimits;o Forfracturestrength,ando Withconsiderationofmaterialproperties.

2.2PrerequisiteLearningMachinedesign(MOW227),DifferentialEquations(WTW256).Structural Mechanics (MSY310) is the extension of these courses. The internalbehaviour (stress and strain states) of materials under external loading will beanalysedusingmathematicalandphysicalprinciples.

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2.3StudyThemes

StudyTheme Contactsessions

Totalstudyhours

ANALYSISOFSTRESSESANDSTRAINSINSTRUCTURES Stress-strainrelations 3 12Specialisedstatesofstressandstrain(1Dsimplification,planestress,planestrain) 1 6

Stressandstraintransformations 2 8Experimentalstrainmeasurements 1 4Strainenergydensity 1 4Staticallydeterminatesystems

• Thin-walledpressurevessel• Review of Axial bar: FBD, distributed stress, energy,

stressconcentrations,StVenant

2 10

Staticallyindeterminatesystems• Whatmakesasystemstaticallyindeterminate?• Solutionstrategiesforstaticallyindeterminatesystems• (Casestudies:axialbarproblems)

2 8

Torsion 2 12Bendingofstaticallydeterminatebeams

• SF/BMdiagramsusingintegralmethod• DerivationofEuler-Bernoullibeamequations–stressin

beam• Shearstresses,shearflow,shearcentre• Compositebeams• Slopeanddeflectionofbeams• Castigliano’stheorem

7 32

Staticallyindeterminatebeams 2 8Totalforanalysisofstressandstrain 23 104

FAILURECRITERIA Bucklinginstability 3 14Ductilefailure

• Yieldcriteria(Tresca,vonMises)• Elementaryelastoplasticanalysisforbeams

4 16

Brittlefailure:Fracturemechanics 3 14Fatigue

• Rainflowcounting• MechanisticFatigue:Fatiguecrackpropagation

3 12

Totalforfailurecriteria 13 56Total 36 160*Totalincludes:contactsessions,self-studyandhomework