STRESSSTRESS

Stress-Stress- any type of change that causes physical, emotional or any type of change that causes physical, emotional or psychological strain. However, not all types of stress are psychological strain. However, not all types of stress are harmful or even negative harmful or even negative

Stressor-Stressor- Is the actual event or cause of why someone may Is the actual event or cause of why someone may be experiencing stress.be experiencing stress.

There are two different types of stress we are going to learn There are two different types of stress we are going to learn about. They include:about. They include:

- EustressEustress- Distress- Distress

STRESS (continued)STRESS (continued)

Eustress-Eustress- A positive type of stress. This type of A positive type of stress. This type of stress is associated with a rush of positive energy stress is associated with a rush of positive energy that is fun and exciting.that is fun and exciting.

Example- Skiing down a ski slope, the drop on a roller Example- Skiing down a ski slope, the drop on a roller coastercoaster

STRESS (Continued)STRESS (Continued)

Distress:Distress: is a negative stress brought about by is a negative stress brought about by constant readjustments or alterations in a routine. constant readjustments or alterations in a routine. Distress creates feelings of discomfort and Distress creates feelings of discomfort and unfamiliarity.unfamiliarity.

* Can be chronic (lasting over a long period of time) or * Can be chronic (lasting over a long period of time) or acute (episode to episode basis) acute (episode to episode basis)

Example- Constantly changing jobs, divorce of Example- Constantly changing jobs, divorce of parents, being bullied or put down constantlyparents, being bullied or put down constantly

Fight or FlightFight or Flight

Fight or Flight response is the bodies natural response to a Fight or Flight response is the bodies natural response to a stressor. Hormones like stressor. Hormones like adrenalin and and cortisolcortisol are released, are released, speeding the heart rate, slowing digestion, shunting blood speeding the heart rate, slowing digestion, shunting blood flow to major muscle groups, and changing various other flow to major muscle groups, and changing various other autonomic nervous functions, giving the body a burst of , giving the body a burst of energy and strengthenergy and strength

What may cause Stress?What may cause Stress?

Job StressJob StressExamples:Examples:

School StressSchool StressExamples:Examples:

Relationship StressRelationship StressExamples:Examples:

Financial StressFinancial StressExamples:Examples:

Effects of StressEffects of Stress

depression depression diabetes diabetes hair loss hair loss heart disease heart disease hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism obesity obesity obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder sexual dysfunction sexual dysfunction tooth and gum disease tooth and gum disease ulcers ulcers cancercancer

Personality Traits that Influence StressPersonality Traits that Influence Stress

Perfectionism Perfectionism Type A Personality Type A Personality Pessimism Pessimism External Locus of Control External Locus of Control Poor CommunicationPoor Communication Addictive or Unhealthy Behaviors Addictive or Unhealthy Behaviors Anger Anger Rumination and Obsessing Rumination and Obsessing Distorted ThinkingDistorted Thinking

Expressing Emotion in Healthful WaysExpressing Emotion in Healthful Ways

Think, when Think, when youyou express your emotions are your actions express your emotions are your actions responsibleresponsible??

Here are some steps to express your emotions in a healthy Here are some steps to express your emotions in a healthy way: way:

Identify the emotionIdentify the emotion

(Figure out what you are feeling. Are you over excited? (Figure out what you are feeling. Are you over excited? Depressed? Angry? Upset? Irritated? Annoyed? Restless?)Depressed? Angry? Upset? Irritated? Annoyed? Restless?)

Expressing your emotions in a healthful way Expressing your emotions in a healthful way (continued)(continued)

Identify the sourceIdentify the source

(What is making you feel like this? Did somebody say (What is making you feel like this? Did somebody say something to annoy you? Did you get enough sleep? Did something to annoy you? Did you get enough sleep? Did you just get great news?)you just get great news?)

Do you need to respond right away?Do you need to respond right away?

(Is it appropriate to show emotion right now? Can you deal (Is it appropriate to show emotion right now? Can you deal with this emotion in an alternative way?)with this emotion in an alternative way?)

How can I choose a responsible and healthful How can I choose a responsible and healthful response?response?

What can you do?What can you do?

PROTECT YOUR HEALTH!!!PROTECT YOUR HEALTH!!!

How?How?

Sleep: (Try to get at least 7-8 hours a night)Sleep: (Try to get at least 7-8 hours a night) Exercise: (At least 30 minutes most days of the week)Exercise: (At least 30 minutes most days of the week) Sick?- SEE A DOCTORSick?- SEE A DOCTOR

What may influence you to express your emotions What may influence you to express your emotions in an unhealthy way?in an unhealthy way?

ANGERANGERA feeling where are you irritated or annoyed at someone or something.A feeling where are you irritated or annoyed at someone or something.

Symptoms:Symptoms:- Rapid BreathingRapid Breathing- Increased Heart RateIncreased Heart Rate- Increased Blood PressureIncreased Blood Pressure- Increase in sweatIncrease in sweat- Sweaty palmsSweaty palms

Anger Symptoms ContinuedAnger Symptoms Continued

- Dryness of mouthDryness of mouth- Increased AlertnessIncreased Alertness- Decreased sensitivity to painDecreased sensitivity to pain- Increased muscle strengthIncreased muscle strength- Tensed eyebrowsTensed eyebrows- Pursed lipsPursed lips- Reddening of the faceReddening of the face

DepressionDepressionDepression- A medical illness caused Depression- A medical illness caused

by chemical imbalance in the brain.by chemical imbalance in the brain.

Can affect the WHOLE body:Can affect the WHOLE body:- ThoughtsThoughts- FeelingsFeelings- BehaviorsBehaviors- Physical HealthPhysical Health

DepressionDepression

*Can be caused by the inability to *Can be caused by the inability to cope with a life crisiscope with a life crisis

Life Crises- Life Crises- An experience that causes An experience that causes a high level of stressa high level of stress

5 emotional responses used to cope:5 emotional responses used to cope:

1.1. Denying- Not wanting to believe Denying- Not wanting to believe that this has happened to them.that this has happened to them.

DepressionDepression

2. Being Angry- Being frustrated with the 2. Being Angry- Being frustrated with the situation realizing that there is nothing situation realizing that there is nothing they can dothey can do

3. Bargaining- Trying to figure out what 3. Bargaining- Trying to figure out what you can do to make it better, reasoning.you can do to make it better, reasoning.

4. Being depressed- Not accepting the 4. Being depressed- Not accepting the situation, thinking there is nothing worse.situation, thinking there is nothing worse.

5. Accepting- Realizing that this has 5. Accepting- Realizing that this has happened and moving on.happened and moving on.

SymptomsSymptoms Deep SadnessDeep Sadness Apathy- lack of interest or concernApathy- lack of interest or concern FatigueFatigue Agitation-nervousnessAgitation-nervousness Sleep disturbancesSleep disturbances Weight or appetite changesWeight or appetite changes Lack of concentrationLack of concentration Feelings of worthlessnessFeelings of worthlessness Morbid thoughtsMorbid thoughts

CopingCoping

- Talk with a trusted adultTalk with a trusted adult- Stay connected with friendsStay connected with friends- Have a good sense of nutritionHave a good sense of nutrition- Avoid the use of alcohol & other Avoid the use of alcohol & other

drugsdrugs- Seek help if depression continuesSeek help if depression continues

TreatmentTreatment

Physical ExaminationPhysical Examination TherapyTherapy MedicationMedication

Anidepressant – a drug used to relieve Anidepressant – a drug used to relieve depressiondepression

* Over 90% of cases of depression can * Over 90% of cases of depression can be successfully treatedbe successfully treated

SUICIDESUICIDE

Why address it?Why address it?- 33rdrd leading cause of death for ages leading cause of death for ages

15-2415-24- Fastest growing age group is 10-14Fastest growing age group is 10-14- Approximately 750,000 Americans Approximately 750,000 Americans

attempt suicideattempt suicide- Approximately 30,000 people die Approximately 30,000 people die

each yeareach year

Teenage Stress FactorsTeenage Stress Factors

- Abuse of alcohol or drugsAbuse of alcohol or drugs- Death of parent, parent separation Death of parent, parent separation

or divorceor divorce- Being excludedBeing excluded- Sexual orientationSexual orientation- Being made fun ofBeing made fun of- DepressionDepression- Gender identity issuesGender identity issues

Stress Factors Stress Factors (continued)(continued)

- DepressionDepression- Gender identity issuesGender identity issues- Impulsive and or/aggressive Impulsive and or/aggressive

behaviorbehavior- Mental disorderMental disorder

Warning SignsWarning Signs

Someone threatening to kill themselvesSomeone threatening to kill themselves Someone looking for ways to kill Someone looking for ways to kill

themselvesthemselves- 60% of all people who complete suicide 60% of all people who complete suicide

use firearmuse firearm- Someone talking or writing- dying/suicideSomeone talking or writing- dying/suicide- HopelessnessHopelessness- Rage, uncontrolled anger, seeking Rage, uncontrolled anger, seeking

revengerevenge

Warning Signs Warning Signs (continued)(continued)

Acting reckless or engaging in risky Acting reckless or engaging in risky activities, seemingly without thinkingactivities, seemingly without thinking

Increase in alcohol or drug use- 50% of Increase in alcohol or drug use- 50% of people who attempt suicide are under people who attempt suicide are under the influence at a timethe influence at a time

Withdraw from friends, family and Withdraw from friends, family and societysociety

Anxiety, agitation, unable to Anxiety, agitation, unable to sleep/sleeping all the timesleep/sleeping all the time

Warning Signs Warning Signs (continued)(continued)

Dramatic mood changesDramatic mood changes No reason for living; no sense of No reason for living; no sense of

purpose in lifepurpose in life Giving away prized possessionsGiving away prized possessions Struggling with gender identity or Struggling with gender identity or

sexual orientationsexual orientation

How Can You Help?How Can You Help?

STEP 1: STAY with the person- unless STEP 1: STAY with the person- unless there is a risk of harm to yourselfthere is a risk of harm to yourself

STEP 2: Listen- really listenSTEP 2: Listen- really listen

STEP 3: Get, or call for help STEP 3: Get, or call for help immediately- Call your parent, their immediately- Call your parent, their parent, school counselor, pastor or parent, school counselor, pastor or rabbi or crisis hotlinesrabbi or crisis hotlines

It is OK to ASK for HelpIt is OK to ASK for Help

A- Ask for helpA- Ask for help

S- Secrets can be deadlyS- Secrets can be deadly

K- Keep a support circle- a group of K- Keep a support circle- a group of friends and adults that make you feel friends and adults that make you feel comfortablecomfortable

Coping StrategiesCoping Strategies

Spend time with friends and familySpend time with friends and family Consider the role of spirituality in Consider the role of spirituality in

your lifeyour life Laugh, keep your sense of humorLaugh, keep your sense of humor Volunteer, you are neededVolunteer, you are needed Exercise regularlyExercise regularly Eat RightEat Right

Eating DisordersEating Disorders

Start out as dieting to lose weight or Start out as dieting to lose weight or maintain weight and progresses to a maintain weight and progresses to a dangerous and obsessive point.dangerous and obsessive point.

Most people believe eating disorders have Most people believe eating disorders have to do with someone wanting to control to do with someone wanting to control their eating or they have a problem with their eating or they have a problem with food, in reality they are having instability food, in reality they are having instability in their mental health.in their mental health.

Behaviors of those with Behaviors of those with Eating DisordersEating Disorders

““ I constantly compare myself with othersI constantly compare myself with others””““I am unhappy with my physical appearanceI am unhappy with my physical appearance””““I wear baggy clothes to hide my body I wear baggy clothes to hide my body

changeschanges””““I am never satisfied with anything I doI am never satisfied with anything I do””““My parent or guardian is never satisfied My parent or guardian is never satisfied

with anything I dowith anything I do””““I felt unsafe during my childhood (from I felt unsafe during my childhood (from

alcoholism, physical or sexual abuse in the alcoholism, physical or sexual abuse in the familyfamily””

““I only feel secure when I can feel that I only feel secure when I can feel that I am in control of a situationI am in control of a situation””

““I do not know what to do when I feel I do not know what to do when I feel lonely, frustrated, rejected or lonely, frustrated, rejected or depresseddepressed””

““I reach for food, starve, exercise, or I reach for food, starve, exercise, or rid myself of food when I am rid myself of food when I am uncomfortableuncomfortable””

Anorexia vs. BulimiaAnorexia vs. Bulimia

Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa- Self StarvationSelf Starvation- A refusal to maintain normal body weightA refusal to maintain normal body weight

BulimiaBulimia

- Involves repeated episodes of binge - Involves repeated episodes of binge eating, followed by inappropriate ways of eating, followed by inappropriate ways of trying to rid the body of the food or trying to rid the body of the food or expected weight gainexpected weight gain

AnorexiaAnorexia Obsessed with being thinObsessed with being thin Fear of gaining weightFear of gaining weight Distorted body imageDistorted body image Amenorrhea (missing periods- at least 3)Amenorrhea (missing periods- at least 3) Keeps to themselvesKeeps to themselves Deny they have a problem, will not Deny they have a problem, will not

accept helpaccept help Starves themselves to 15% or less of Starves themselves to 15% or less of

desirable body weightdesirable body weight

How Anorexia is Harmful to How Anorexia is Harmful to Your HealthYour Health

Dehydration and ConstipationDehydration and Constipation Abdominal pain and nauseaAbdominal pain and nausea Hormonal changesHormonal changes Decrease in heart rate & blood Decrease in heart rate & blood

pressurepressure Loss of menstruation, hair, nutrition Loss of menstruation, hair, nutrition

(malnutrition)(malnutrition) Negative, lack of self respect- Negative, lack of self respect-

DepressionDepression

Treatment for AnorexiaTreatment for Anorexia

Team of professionals consisting of:Team of professionals consisting of:

- PhysiciansPhysicians- NursesNurses- DietitiansDietitians- Mental- Health ProfessionalsMental- Health Professionals

BulimiaBulimia

A disorder when one binge eats (eats A disorder when one binge eats (eats a large amount of food in a short a large amount of food in a short amount of time) and purges (gets rid amount of time) and purges (gets rid of the food by vomiting or using of the food by vomiting or using laxatives or diuretics)laxatives or diuretics)

An estimated of 1.1 to 4.2 % of An estimated of 1.1 to 4.2 % of females have Bulimia in their females have Bulimia in their lifetimelifetime

More common than AnorexiaMore common than Anorexia

Bulimia (continued)Bulimia (continued)Characteristics include:Characteristics include: Obsession with body shape and sizeObsession with body shape and size Negative Body ImageNegative Body Image Missed periods in femalesMissed periods in females Knows they have a problem (feels guilty Knows they have a problem (feels guilty

& ashamed) but will not seek help& ashamed) but will not seek help May have a May have a ““normalnormal”” body weight- might body weight- might

not look like they have a problemnot look like they have a problem Usually SocialUsually Social

Signs of Teens with Signs of Teens with BulimiaBulimia

Binge in private but eat regular amounts Binge in private but eat regular amounts with otherswith others

Have one secret place ( may visit bathroom Have one secret place ( may visit bathroom or hide in containers or wrappers)or hide in containers or wrappers)

Think about food constantly & plan each Think about food constantly & plan each bingebinge

Buy or steal treats Buy or steal treats Steal money to purchase food or stealSteal money to purchase food or steal Exercise and diet excessively between Exercise and diet excessively between

bingesbinges