Stress and Disease Revised Ch. 3

8/11/2019 Stress and Disease Revised Ch. 3

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Review Stress Response Life- stressor

Perceive as a threat

ALARMHippocampus (leads to an emotion) SEAT OF EMOTIONS- Limbic System (physical response)

RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM(mind-body link)

SUPERVISOR- Hypothalamus (endocrine and autonomic)

EndocrineHormones (cortisol and vasopressin)

Autonomic- Sympathetic =ON, Parasympathetic =OFF


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Hot Reactors People who react to stress with an all-out physiological

reaction.

This type of person tends to: Become angry easily

Be anxious or depressed

Urinate frequently

Nausea and vomiting

Experience gastrointestinal problems


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Psychosomatic DiseaseNot all in the mind involves both mind

and the body.

Psychosomatic disease may be:

Psychogenic

Somatogenic

At least 75%, if not more, of doctor visitsare believed to have a stress component


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Psychogenic-A physical disease caused by emotional

stress without a microorganism involved. The mind changes the bodys physiology so that body part

breaks down.

Ulcers

Asthma

Somatogenic-A disease that results from the mind

increasing the bodys susceptibility to:

Disease causing organisms (germs)

Natural degenerative processes

Cancer

Arthritis


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Stress and Immunology Stress can decrease your white blood cell count

which will lead to poor health.

Immunological system includes the following whiteblood cell groups which identify and destroy foreign

substances:

Phagocytes-destroyers

Lymphocytes

T cells

B cells


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Stress and Serum Cholesterol Significantly increases during stress.

Accumulates on the walls of your blood vessels

blocking the flow of oxygenated blood to theheart and brain.

Studies show that ones perception of a stressful

situation can increase serum cholesterol levels. Final Exams

Tax Accountants (April 15th)


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Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Excessive pressure of blood against the walls of arteries

Ruptured arteries to the heart can result in a Myocardial

Infarction (Heart Attack)

Ruptured arteries to the brain can cause a cerebral

hemorrhage (Stroke)

41% of Americans age 20-74 are Hypertensive

16% of Americans age 20-24 are Hypertensive

Most dont know it because it occurs without S/S.


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Hypertension:20% of America has hypertension

Systolic-force against the arterial walls whenthe heart contracts and blood is pumped out.Diastolic-force against the arterial walls

when the heart is relaxed.

Normal: 120/80High: 140/90

High blood pressure


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Hypertension: Causes

High sodium intake

Kidney disease

Cushing's syndrome

Oral contraceptives

Narrow heart/bloodvessels

Smoking

Sedentariness

Obesity

Stress

Personality traits

10% Known 90% Speculation-essential hypertension


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Hypertension: Personality TraitsUpset by criticism

Upset by imperfection

Pent up anger, bitterness

Low self-confidence


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Migraine HeadachesConstriction and dilation of the carotid

arteries on one side of the head.

Prodrome- preattack or constriction

phase of a migraine headache.


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Coronary Heart Disease Heart attacks kill more Americans than any other single

cause of death. (Myocardial Infarction)

Major risk factors associated with CHD:

High serum cholesterol

Hypertension

Smoking

Obesity

Stress and a Type A behavior linked to CHD

Aggressive Competitive

Time urgent

Multitasking


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Coronary Heart Disease

Other Risks Genetics Sedentariness High fat intake Personality traits: anger / hostile / resentful / bitter

Occupation: the more stressful the job, the more

prevalent is heart disease Day of the week Monday vs. Friday


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Prevention of CHD Reduce Fat Intake

Move Daily

Stop Smoking Life style (Stress Management)

Heart Transplant

Forgive others Forgive yourself

Mend fences in relationships


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Life may begin at forty, but heart

disease can begin at four.


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Stress Flow Chart.1. .

2. .

3. .

4. .5. .

6. .

7. .8. .

9.

10.


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If four jumbo jets crashed every

day of the year in America, howanxious would you be to get on a

plane?


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Thats how many people die of

cancer every day in Americaitsthe second leading cause of

death, behind heart disease.(1500 people)


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Cancer Definition: Unbridled multiplication of cells

that leads to tumors, organ damage, andeventual death.

Metastisis: 4-part cycle of malignant tumor

Shed

Spread

Colonize Grow


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Cancer The marvel of your immune system is its ability to

distinguish between whats you and belongs fromwhats new and doesnt belong.

AntigenAny new substance that triggers your immune

response

Cancer Fighters Interpheron, Interlucken2, Lymphotoxin,

T-Lymphocytes


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CancerChronic stress may disable the

immune system in some people withsome types of tumors

(Not stating stress causes cancer!)


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Seven Danger Signs of Cancer Sores that dont heal

Lump or thickening

Unusual bleeding / discharge

Persistent cough / hoarseness

Persistent indigestion

Change in wart or mole Change in normal bowel / bladder habits


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Characteristics

Inability to forgive

Use of self-pity Difficulty developing / maintaining personal

relationships

Poor self-image

of people prone to cancer


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Bernie Seigal

cancer surgeon

Importance of Perception


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Reducing Cancer Risk Dietary Intake (35% of

cancers) Lower fat intake to 20% Increase fiber, whole

grains

Increase fruits, vegetables

Moderate alcoholconsumption

Avoid salt and nitratecured foods

Avoid smoked foods

Stress Management Maintain healthy coping

techniques

Limit unnecessarystressors

Strengthen relationships

Exercise Down time

Stop smoking (30% of cancers)


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Reduced or Fat Free Alternatives Fruit

Vegetables

Skim milk

Nonfat sour cream Fat free cream cheese

Fat free mayonnaise

Water based soup

Rice

Tomato based sauces

Turkey

Cereal/oatmeal/cream ofwheat

Tuna

Pretzels

Low fat cottage cheese

Low fat yogurt Graham crackers

Baked fish

Chicken (skinless andbaked)

Low fat bisquick Low fat muffin mix

Noodles

Bread

Potatoes


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Top Five Nutritious FruitsWatermelon

Vitamin C, carotenoids, good fiber, low in calories

Papaya Vitamin C, carotenoids, lots of potassium and fiber

Orange Vitamin C, folate, lots of fiber

Grapefruit Vitamin C, cholesterol lowering, pectin

Apricots Beta-carotene, potassium and fiber


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Top Five Vegetables Spinach Beta-carotene, vitamin C, folate, iron potassium,

calcium

Sweet Potatoes Potassium, vitamin C, beta-carotene, fiber Collard greens

Beta-carotene, cancer prevention power, vitamin C,folate, calcium, fiber

Carrots Beta-carotene and fiber

Sweet Red PepperVitamin C, beta-carotene, fiber

Documents

Stress and Disease Revised Ch. 3