Strength

Human Strength Data Tables 10/24/06

I

Push: Pushing forward in pounds on a round knob (59mm) at various heights using 1 preferred hand. Free posture is unrestricted. Standard posture

has one foot 30 cm in front of the other and elbow at 90 degrees of flexion. Handle Height Posture Sex Mean SD Shoulder Height Free Male 68 12 Female 45 16 Both 56 18 Standard Male 30 6 Female 24 3 Both 27 6 Elbow Height Free Male 79 21 Female 50 21 Both 64 25 Standard Male 33 6 Female 24 4 Both 28 6 1.7 m Free Male 67 11 Female 41 17 Both 54 19 1.3 m Free Male 76 18 Female 49 23 Both 63 25 0.7 m Free Male 88 30 Female 42 13 Both 65 33


II

Pull: Pulling backward in pounds on a round knob (59mm) at various heights using 1 preferred hand. Free posture is unrestricted. Standard posture

has one foot 30 cm in front of the other and elbow at 90 degrees of flexion. Handle Height Posture Sex Mean SD Shoulder Height Free Male 67 15 Female 45 13 Both 56 17 Standard Male 33 6 Female 27 6 Both 30 6 Elbow Height Free Male 90 13 Female 53 24 Both 74 25 Standard Male 38 7 Female 29 6 Both 33 8 1.7 m Free Male 59 14 Female 44 13 Both 51 15 1.3 m Free Male 78 12 Female 50 18 Both 64 21 0.7 m Free Male 122 18 Female 65 21 Both 94 34


III

Angled Push Strength: Push forces in pounds on a cylindrical handle using one hand at different adduction/abduction and flexion angles. Feet 30 cm apart. Standing Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

30 100 0 28 60 35 50 0 20 60 25

0 100 0 30 30 34 60 38 90 39 50 30 25 60 32

-30 100 0 27 60 33 50 0 27 60 34

Sitting (back and feet supported) Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

0 100 0 43 45 44 90 37 75 15 38 50 15 33


IV

Angled Pull Strength: Pull forces in pounds on a cylindrical handle using one hand at different adduction/abduction and flexion angles. Feet 30 cm apart. Standing Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

30 100 0 23 60 33 50 0 19 60 28 0 100 0 25 30 29 60 33 90 35 50 30 25 60 33

-30 100 0 29 60 39 50 0 25 60 36

Sitting (back and feet supported) Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

0 100 0 32 45 33 90 34 75 15 32 50 15 32


V

Angled Lifting: Lifting strength in pounds on a cylindrical handle using 1 hand at a variety of arm angles and reach distances. Feet 30 cm apart. Standing Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

30 100 30 27 50 30 30 60 37 0 100 0 23 30 21 50 30 36 60 42

-30 100 30 30 50 30 42 60 48


VI

Angled Pulling to the Right: Pull force in pounds to the right on a cylindrical handle using 1 hand at a variety of arm angles and reach distances. Standing Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

30 100 30 18 60 16 50 30 20 60 18

0 100 0 17 30 16 60 16 90 16 50 30 18 60 16

-30 100 30 18 60 18 50 30 22 60 20 Sitting (back and feet supported) Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

0 100 0 15 45 15 90 13 75 15 16 50 15 18


VII

Angled Pulling to the Left: Pull force in pounds to the left on a cylindrical handle using 1 hand at a variety of arm angles and reach distances. Standing Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

30 100 30 18 60 17 50 30 23 60 20

0 100 0 17 30 16 60 16 90 16 50 30 22 60 19

-30 100 30 19 60 18 50 30 25 60 23 Sitting (back and feet supported) Angle A % of Reach Angle B Mean

0 100 0 16 45 17 90 15 75 15 18 50 15 23


VIII

Angled Wrist Twisting: (Foot pounds) clockwise and counter clockwise using a cylindrical handgrip at a variety of arm angles and reaches

Angle A % of Reach Angle B

Mean clockwise

Mean counter clockwise

30 100 0 7.2 8.6 60 6.9 8.3 50 0 11.2 12.3 60 11.1 11.9

0 100 0 4.9 8.7 30 4.9 9.1 60 4.9 8.8 50 0 11.4 13.2 60 11.2 13.1

-30 100 0 3.6 10 60 3.8 9.6 50 0 14.3 13.3 60 10.3 13.5


IX

Upper Body Strength Measurements At Different Shoulder Angles (Measured in Pounds) Push Forces: Lift Forces:

Shoulder angle 5th %tile 50th %tile 95th %tile SD

Shoulder angle 5th %tile 50th %tile 95th %tile SD

60 34 92 150 38 60 20 49 82 18 120 36 172 43 120 24 60 124 24 180 50 138 210 49 180 14 43 88 22

Pull Forces Downward Press Forces. Shoulder

angle 5th %tile 50th %tile 95th %tile SD Shoulder

angle 5th %tile 50th %tile 95th %tile SD

60 107 280 329 98 60 20 51 89 21 120 187 462 685 138 120 26 58 98 23 180 231 538 760 164 180 17 41 82 18

Pull Forces To The Left: Shoulder


60 20 52 87 19 120 22 53 100 26 180 20 50 104 26

Pull Forces To The Right: Shoulder


60 17 42 82 20 120 15 31 62 17 180 14 35 62 24


X

Pull Forces Based on Different Handles Pull forces in pounds on a variety of handle types using one dominant hand. The type of grip and stance were unrestricted as long as the lead foot was not in front of the handle. Handle Height Handle type Sex Mean SD 1 m 1 Male 90 28 Female 62 13 Both 75 25 2 Male 58 19 Female 42 8 Both 49 16 3 Male 29 6 Female 25 4 Both 27 5 4 Male 91 26 Female 63 17 Both 76 25 1.75 m 1 Male 52 13 Female 37 7 Both 44 13 2 Male 43 10 Female 27 4 Both 35 11 3 Male 27 6 Female 22 4 Both 25 5 4 Male 54 14 Female 40 9 Both 46 13


XI

Dynamic Pulling In an Upward Direction: Dynamic pull forces in lbs. on a vertical handgrip, at a variety of hand heights and pull angles and speeds (meters/second)

Speed % Of Shoulder Ht. Pulling Angle Mean SD Range

0.7 m/s 40 25 161 42 83-293

35 138 42 69-240

70 25 138 46 80-260

35 101 32 63-187

1 m/s 40 25 107 42 48-224

35 106 42 49-201

70 25 94 25 37-146

35 65 26 32-131

1.1 m/s 40 25 80 33 35-157

35 74 34 24-180

70 25 76 29 47-180

35 58 25 28-134


XII

Tool Torques: (Foot-pounds) exerted with different hand tools, averaged over 21 different postures. Tool Sex Mean SD Range

Crescent wrench Male 22.3 8.9 6.1-61.8

Female 14.8 5.7 1.2-34.0

Long Screwdriver Male 2.4 0.9 0.3-6.5

Female 1.6 0.6 0.3-3.9

Longest Screwdriver Male 3.0 2.1 0.8-8.0

Female 2.2 1.0 0.5-7.0

Medium Screwdriver Male 1.7 0.7 0.5-5.4

Female 1.2 0.5 0.4-2.5

Pipe wrench Male 29.2 10.3 8.7-67.6

Female 17.8 7.5 4.4-56.1

Short Screwdriver Male 3.3 1.2 0.8-8.5

Female 2.4 0.9 0.7-5.4

Socket wrench Male 29.5 10 8.0-68.4

Female 18.0 7.0 5.2-40.9

Spanner wrench Male 24.8 9.2 2.3-62.5

Female 15.0 6.1 4.2-44.7

Vice grip Male 18.7 5.9 5.6-41.5

Female 12.1 4.2 3.4-24.8


XIII

Hand grip strength: (pounds) sitting elbows @ 90 degrees and forearm in neutral Grip Type Sex Hand Mean SD

Male Dominant 137

Non-Dominant 129

Female Dominant 81 Power

Non-Dominant 75

Pinch

Male Not specified 19 Thumb & index finger

Female Not specified 15

Male Not specified 6 Thumb & little finger


Male Not specified 15 Thumb & middle finger


Male Not specified 10 Thumb & ring finger


Male Dominant 23 1.1 Thumb & index and middle finger

Female Dominant 16 0.8

Male Dominant 17 0.92 Tip of Thumb and index finger


Male Dominant 27 1.1 Lateral Pinch or key grip


Documents

Strength