STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING

VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING SENSOR 1

Ankit Patel ,2 Snehal Patel

Student, Electronics and Communication department, Laxmi institute of Technology, Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat

Corresponding Author Detail:

Ankit Patel,

Student, ECE department,

Laxmi institute of Technology,

Sarigam-Valsad, Gujarat.

Internal Guide Detail:

Mr.Mitesh B. Nakrani

Assistant Professor, ECE Department,

Laxmi institute of Technology,

Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat.

ABSTRACT

The project is to designed detect vehicle movement on highways to switch ON only a block of street

lights ahead of the vehicle, and to switch OFF the behind lights to save energy. During night all the

lights on the highway remain ON for the vehicles, but lots of energy is wasted when there is no

vehicle his movement.

This proposed system provides a solution for energy saving. This is achieved by sensing an

approaching vehicle and switches ON a block of street lights ahead of the vehicle. As the vehicle

passes by the behind lights switch OFF automatically. So when there are no vehicles on the highway,

then all the lights remain OFF. Sensors used on either sides of the road send logic commands to

microcontroller to switch ON/OFF the LEDs. Intensity control is also possible by Pulse Width

Modulation (PWM) generated by the microcontroller. Thus this way of dynamically changing

intensity ON/OFF helps in saving a lot of energy.

KEYWORDS: Microcontroller, Sensor, Street Light

INTRODUCTION

Street lighting provides a safe nighttime environment for all road users including pedestrians.

Providing street lighting is one of the most important and expensive responsibilities of a city.

Lighting can account for 10–38% of the total energy bill in typical cities worldwide. Street lighting is

a particularly critical concern for public authorities in developing countries because of its strategic

importance for economic and social stability. Inefficient lighting wastes significant financial

resources every year, and poor lighting creates unsafe conditions. Energy efficient technologies and

design mechanism can reduce cost of the street lighting drastically.

The main objective of the present project is to reduce the power consumption and efficient utilization

of renewable sources for the application of street lightening and traffic signaling. Hence, this paper is

aimed at design and implementation of an automatic system to control the traffic and reduce energy

consumption of streets public lighting system up to the maximum possible extent. The density of

traffic is sensed by using an array of Infrared Sensors (IR), which senses the traffic movement. LDR

is used to detect the presence of day light. The proposed system is able to control the traffic during

the day as well as night. In this system, the streetlights are switched ON/OFF automatically during

the presence of the traffics only during the nights.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION:

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure-1 Block Diagram

WORKING:

The highway model consists of LED’s as street lights and pairs of photodiodes-IR diodes used as

sensors. The IR diodes are placed on one side of the road and photodiodes are placed on the other

side of the road, directly facing the IR diodes. Consider, when there is no vehicle on the highway. In

this case, the IR radiation emitted from the IR diode directly falls on the photodiode which is exactly

opposite to it. This causes the photodiode to fall in conduction state. This implies that photodiode

conducts and current passes through it.

The current passes through the photodiode and goes through the variable resistor. So, to summarize

we can say that, when there is no vehicle on the highway, then all the inputs to the microcontroller

port 1 is ZERO. Consider the case when a vehicle obstructs the IR radiation path. In this case, IR

radiation is blocked and hence it does not fall on the photodiode. This in turn implies that photodiode

doesn't conduct.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017

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RESULTS:

Figure 2 Results

Figure 3 Results

ADVANTAGES

This circuit uses LED Bulbs, so it is very low cost and it has more life span.

Maximum energy can be saved.

Light sensors used have high sensitivity and are easily implementable.

CONCLUSION

Proposed system is power saving mechanism for street lights by using LED lamps as replacement of

normal lamps and using special power savings mechanism for microcontroller. It turns out most

reliable and time efficient way to switch ON/OFF streetlights. It provides an effective measure to

save energy by preventing unnecessary wastage of electricity, caused due to manual switching or

lighting of street-lights when it is not required.

REFERENCE

1. Commission International de 1'Eclairage. (1992) Road Lighting as an Accident Counter

measure1. Reinhard Mullner, Andreas Riener, (2011) "An energy efficient pedestrian aware

Smart Street Lighting system", International Journal of Pervasive Computing and

Communications, Vol.7 Iss: 2, pp.147 – 161.

2. “Electrical Power Distribution System For Street Lightning”. Denis Enberg, Electric City

Corporation.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017

IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 26