Strategy, Projects & Programs

• Strategy is implemented through projects.• A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to

create a unique product, service or result. • A program is a group of related projects

designed to accomplish a common goal over an extended period of time.

Characteristics of a Project

• Established objective/s• A defined life span with a beginning and an end• Usually, the involvement of several departments

and professionals• Typically, doing something that has never been

done before• Specific time, cost, resource and performance

requirements

Action Plan

A. Work/Process Breakdown Structure

B. Time Estimates

C. Cost Estimates

D. Organizational Resource Requirements

E. Performance Requirements, Deliverables & Assignment of Responsibilities

Work/Process Breakdown Structure (WBS/PBS)

WBS: a hierarchical method that successively subdivides the work of the project into discrete, smaller detail

PBS: a hierarchical method used when the outcome results from a series of steps or phases

Work Breakdown Structure Example

Process Breakdown StructureExample

Combined Work/Process Breakdown Structure Example

Level 1

Level 2

Issue, Recommendation & ObjectivesIssue: How can Chipotle leverage its employee-friendly compensation and reward practices to motivate empowered employees and deliver a dining experience that is far better than what fast food companies can offer?Recommendation: Implement a customer-driven incentive system that rewards employees who exceed customers’ expectations of fast food and fast-casual restaurants

Objectives:

1) Chipotle will receive a higher Consumer Reports dining experience rating (currently at 83) than Rubio’s (at 84) and Taco Bell (at 73) in 2016 & 2017.

2) Chipotle will meet Trefis forecasts for average number of visits per restaurant per year of 208,000 in 2016 and 216,000 in 2017.

Work Breakdown Structure

Select ONLY 3 Level 1 Tasks

For each task selected…• Develop time estimates• Develop cost estimates• Human, physical, technological &

organizational resource requirements• Performance requirements, deliverables &

assignment of responsibilities

Note: All of these must be covered for each task that you choose to discuss and discussed separately for each task

For each task selected…

• Develop time estimates; you can include:– Start date/s, End date/s, Latest start & end

dates, etc.– Contingency plans for delays– Scheduling policies and procedures– Penalties and rewards for early completion,

meeting and missing deadlines– Etc.

For each task selected…

• Develop cost estimates; you can include:– Planned costs and allowances– Spending, reporting and auditing policies and

procedures– Sources of funds, cost of funds– Penalties and rewards for savings, meeting

budgets, cost overruns– Etc.

For each task selected…

• Human, physical, technological & organizational resource requirements; you can include:– Staffing, task assignments– Organizing mechanisms for coordination and

control– External stakeholder involvement– Infrastructure/technical support– Etc.

For each task selected…

• Performance requirements, deliverables & assignment of responsibilities; you can include:– Contribution to strategic/financial objectives– Output, reports, tracking best practices– Task leader/s, project liaison/s– Penalties & rewards for quality of deliverables– Etc.

Other guidelines for the AP

• Place your WBS/PBS in the Appendix

• Just state the tasks and details as listed; you do not have to explain the how’s or the why’s. Number each task that you discuss (i.e. Task 1, Task 2 & Task 3).

• Make sure that each task selected is clearly identified and discussed separately from each other; DO NOT COMBINE THEM

The Appendix Section

• This is not included in the page limit

• Must include the ENTIRE WBS/PBS diagram with ONLY first level tasks. Mark the three (3) tasks that you discussed in the report.

• Explain from where and/or how the financial and strategic objectives were derived.