STRATEGY FOR STRATEGY FOR WINNINGWINNING

1)1)Wear down the Wear down the NorthNorth

2)2)The South doesn’t The South doesn’t have to win, they have to win, they just don’t have to just don’t have to lose!lose!

CONFEDERATE CONFEDERATE ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

HOMEFIELD HOMEFIELD ADVANTAGEADVANTAGE

2) Better Troops 2) Better Troops & Generals& Generals

Cool Beard O’ Meter:10!!!

3) They are 3) They are fighting for a fighting for a cause: their cause: their

independenceindependence

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES1)1) few factoriesfew factories2)2) very little railroadsvery little railroads3)3) weak central weak central

governmentgovernment4)4) small population for small population for

troopstroops

The Civil WarThe Civil War

The Early YearsThe Early Years

1861 - 18621861 - 1862

BATTLE OF BULL RUNBATTLE OF BULL RUN• July 21, 1861July 21, 1861• First battle of First battle of

the Civil Warthe Civil War• Union losesUnion loses

– Union soldiers Union soldiers retreat and run retreat and run through a through a crowd of crowd of spectators!spectators!

Good ‘Ol Wilmer McLeanGood ‘Ol Wilmer McLean• McLean’s McLean’s

house in house in Manassas, Manassas, Virginia, Virginia, where the where the first Battle of first Battle of Bull Run Bull Run occurred on occurred on his front lawn!his front lawn!

• McLean’s McLean’s house in house in AppomattoAppomattox x CourthouseCourthouse, Virginia , Virginia where where General Lee General Lee surrenderesurrendered to d to General General GrantGrant

McLean can McLean can say that the say that the Civil War Civil War began in his began in his front yard front yard and ended and ended in his in his parlor!parlor!

BATTLE OF SHILOH, April 6-BATTLE OF SHILOH, April 6-7, 18627, 1862

• Large battle Large battle over Miss. Riverover Miss. River

• Union victory Union victory allows for them allows for them to control to control northern half of northern half of Mississippi Mississippi RiverRiver

BATTLE OF THE HAMPTON BATTLE OF THE HAMPTON ROADS, VA, March 1862ROADS, VA, March 1862

• Union starts Union starts naval blockade naval blockade of Virginia.of Virginia.

• Ironclad ships Ironclad ships are used by are used by both sidesboth sides

• USS Monitor vs. USS Monitor vs. CSS MerrimackCSS Merrimack

Monitor claimed Monitor claimed victory but both victory but both survived this survived this battle.battle.

U.S.S. MonitorU.S.S. Monitor• ““Tin can on a raft”Tin can on a raft”• Built to combat Built to combat

Confederate Confederate ironclads and ironclads and protect Union fleetprotect Union fleet

• SankSank with 16 men with 16 men onboard in Dec. onboard in Dec. 18621862

• 1973: wreckage 1973: wreckage foundfound

• 2003: 2 bodies 2003: 2 bodies recoveredrecovered

C.S.S. Merrimack C.S.S. Merrimack (Virginia)(Virginia)

• Built from a sunken Built from a sunken US ship the US ship the USS USS Merrimack Merrimack by by placing iron slabs placing iron slabs on the boat.on the boat.

• Sank several Union Sank several Union ships off Virginia ships off Virginia coast.coast.

• The crew destroyed The crew destroyed it so it wouldn’t be it so it wouldn’t be captured by the captured by the Union Navy in May Union Navy in May 18621862

BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, 9/17/18629/17/1862

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND• Lee’s Army of Lee’s Army of

Northern Northern Virginia has Virginia has invaded invaded MarylandMaryland

• Wishes to push Wishes to push the Union back the Union back and gain and gain supplies from supplies from MarylandMaryland

• McClellan finds McClellan finds Lee’s plans but Lee’s plans but doesn’t act fast doesn’t act fast enough!enough!

• Fighting took Fighting took place in and place in and around around Sharpsburg, Sharpsburg, Maryland.Maryland.

• Troop Totals:Troop Totals:– Union: 87,000Union: 87,000– Confederacy: 45, Confederacy: 45,

000000

• After fighting all After fighting all day, Lee’s troops day, Lee’s troops retreat into retreat into Virginia.Virginia.

• Technically a Technically a Union win.Union win.

July 1861July 1861

Battle of Battle of Bull RunBull Run

Feb. 1862Feb. 1862

Battle of Battle of ShilohShiloh

Mar. 1862Mar. 1862

Battle of the Battle of the Monitor & Monitor & MerrimackMerrimack

Sept. 1862Sept. 1862

Battle of Battle of AntietamAntietam

Apr 1861Apr 1861

Battle of Fort Battle of Fort SumterSumter

TIMELINE OF TIMELINE OF

EARLY BATTLES 1861- EARLY BATTLES 1861- 18621862

SUMMARY OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861-1862SUMMARY OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861-1862•Union is losing key battles in the eastUnion is losing key battles in the east•Abraham Lincoln is Abraham Lincoln is veryvery unpopular in the unpopular in the Union.Union.•The Confederacy is winning the Civil War.The Confederacy is winning the Civil War.•Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the troops”.to “rally the troops”.

Antietam “Fun Facts!”Antietam “Fun Facts!”

•Bloodiest day Bloodiest day in the history of in the history of the United the United States.States.

•Over 23,000 Over 23,000 causalities.causalities.

•3,600 soldiers 3,600 soldiers died from the died from the battle.battle.

•That is the That is the highest single highest single day death total day death total in American in American history.history.

•#2: September #2: September 11, 200111, 2001

•The Union The Union claims victory claims victory though neither though neither side really side really won.won.

•Northern Northern newspapers newspapers use this battle use this battle to show the to show the Union’s Union’s strength strength

•Lee will once Lee will once again invade again invade the Union in the Union in 1863.1863.

•Lincoln fires Lincoln fires McClellan as McClellan as leader of the leader of the Army of the Army of the Potomac.Potomac.

•President President Lincoln uses Lincoln uses this battle to this battle to rally the rally the northerners to northerners to support the support the war.war.

•He will issue a He will issue a statement that statement that will significantly will significantly alter the course alter the course of the Civil War.of the Civil War.

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Cool Beard

O’ Meter:10!!!

The Emancipation The Emancipation ProclamationProclamation

• YOUR JOB:YOUR JOB:– What did it state?What did it state?– What did it do to the What did it do to the

Union’s war goalsUnion’s war goals– How would these How would these

people react to it:people react to it:•AbolitionistAbolitionist•Northern Factory Northern Factory

workerworker•CopperheadCopperhead• Farmer in a border Farmer in a border

statestate•SouthernerSoutherner