Upload
vi-h-ar
View
155
Download
6
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CAPACITY PLANNING
- Hitesh Raviya
Strategies for Matching Capacity and Demand
• Shifting Demand to Match Capacity
• Adjusting Capacity to Meet Demand
2005ã - Dwayne D. Gremler
Strategies for Shifting Demand to Match Capacity
• Use signage to communicate busy days and times
• Offer incentives to customers for usage during non-peak times
• Take care of loyal or regular customers first
• Advertise peak usage times and benefits of non-peak use
• Charge full price for the service--no discounts
• Use sales and advertising to increase business from current market segments
• Modify the service offering to appeal to new market segments
• Offer discounts or price reductions• Modify hours of operation• Bring the service to the customer
2005ã - Dwayne D. Gremler
Demand Too High Demand Too LowShift Demand
Strategies for Adjusting Capacity to Match Demand
• Stretch time, labor, facilities and equipment
• Cross-train employees• Hire part-time employees• Request overtime work from
employees• Rent or share facilities• Rent or share equipment• Subcontract or outsource
activities
• Perform maintenance renovations• Schedule vacations• Schedule employee training• Lay off employees
2005ã - Dwayne D. Gremler
Demand Too High Demand Too LowAdjust Capacity
Steps for Capacity Planning
• Estimate future capacity requirements• Evaluate existing capacity• Identify alternatives• Conduct financial analysis• Assess key qualitative issues• Select one alternative• Implement alternative chosen• Monitor results
Developing Capacity Alternatives
• Design flexibility into systems• Take stage of life cycle into account• Take a “big picture” approach to capacity
changes• Prepare to deal with capacity “chunks(large
amount)”• Attempt to smooth out capacity requirements• Identify the optimal operating level
STEPS
• Determine the demand• Determine the aggregate demand• Transform the aggregate demand for each
time period• Identify company policies• Determine unit costs• Develop alternative resource plans• Select the resource plan
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS PLANNING
• COMPUTER BASED INFORMATION SYYSTEM FOR ORDERING AND SCHEDULING OF DEPENDENT DEMAND INVENTORIES.
OBJECTIVES
• TO IMPROVE CUSTOMER SERVICE
• TO REDUCE INVENTORY COSTS BY REDUCING INVENTORY LEVELS
• TO IMPROVE PLANT OPERATING EFFICIENCY BY BETTER USE OF PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES
PURPOSE
• CONTROL INVENTORY LEVELS
• ASSIGN OPERATING PRIORITIES
• ASSIGN CAPACITY TO LOAD PRODUCTION SYSTEM.
ADVANTAGES
• REDUCED INVENTORY• REDUCED IDLE TIME• REDUCED SET UP TIME• ABILITY TO CHANGE THE MASTER• PRODUCTION SCHEDULE• BETTER CUSTOMER SERVICE
DISADVANTAGES:
• LACK OF TOP MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT• PROBLEMS EVALUATING MRP SOFTWARE• IT DOESN’T AUTOMATICALLY CHECK STATUS
OF ORDERS AND EXPEDITE THEM.
BILLS OF MATERIAL
LISTS ALL OF THE SUBASSEMBLIES PARTS, AND RAW MATERIALS THAT GO INTO A PARENT ASSEMBLY SHOWING THE QUANTITIES REQUIRED.
TYPES:• SINGLE –LEVEL BOM :
that displays the assembly or sub-assembly with only one level of children. Thus it displays the components directly needed to make the assembly or sub-assembly
• MULTI-LEVEL BOM :that displays the highest-level item closest to the left margin and the components used in that item indented more to the right
• MULTI-LEVEL INDENTED BOM :It can also be visually represented by a product structure tree, although they are rarely used in the workplace