StormCon 2012 Program Tuesday, August 21, 8:00 – 9:30 a.m. BMP CASE STUDIES Governor’s Square 14 B11 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Hydromodification Management Measures: What Are the New Requirements? Anna Lantin, RBF Consulting, Irvine, CA EPA stormwater rulemaking will include specific requirements to control discharges from new development and redevelopment, based on recommendations from the National Research Council stormwater study that stated efforts to reduce flow will automatically achieve reductions in pollutant loads. This presentation compares various MS4 permit language across the country, including recently adopted California permits with hydromodification requirements. Performance standards for water quality and quantity vary, and many hydromodification mitigation measures are available, including infiltration, bioretention BMPs, soil modification, LID measures, and disconnection of impervious areas. Case studies are used to demonstrate various measures. B12 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. BMP Effectiveness for Bacteria: Updated Findings From the International Stormwater BMP Database Jane Clary, Wright Water Engineers, Denver, CO Eric Strecker, Geosyntec Consultants, Portland, OR Jonathan Jones, Wright Water Engineers, Denver, CO Marc Leisenring, Geosyntec Consultants, Portland, OR The International Stormwater BMP Database project has recently completed a comprehensive stormwater BMP performance analysis technical paper series relying on information in the database, a long-term, publicly available research database that contains results of studies independently conducted and provided by researchers throughout the US and several other countries. Pathogens are a top cause of stream impairments nationally. This presentation summarizes the latest findings regarding the ability of stormwater BMPs to remove fecal indicator bacteria and discusses unit treatment processes required to reliable remove fecal indicator bacteria compared to the processes of conventional BMPs. B13 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. The Pinch of Salt: Winter Maintenance Strategies Within the Long Creek Watershed Tamara Lee Pinard, Long Creek Watershed Management District, Windham, ME Kate McDonald, Cumberland County Soil and Water Conservation District, Windham, ME Use of road salt has increased throughout cold regions, impacting nearby terrestrial habitat and water sources that receive direct runoff from roadways. This presentation summarizes chloride analytical and near-continuously monitored specific conductance data from seven sampling sites within Maine’s Long Creek watershed and the chloride management strategies that are being implemented. The goal is to develop monitoring methods and BMPs that are transferrable to other watersheds suffering from road salt impacts. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G11 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Green Infrastructure: The Bottom Line Andy Reese, AMEC Earth and Environmental, Nashville, TN When it comes to the use of green infrastructure, private sector entities are interested in the bottom line… period. They may also be altruistic—but less often. Therefore it is important for officials and consultants to think like the CFO and be able not only to understand the financial analysis they will be doing but also to offer incentives for the voluntary use of green infrastructure as an option for those interested in its use. This presentation shows an example or two of how it’s done and provides general guidance on how to apply the analysis locally, including the case where a city is weighing public and private options and grey and green infrastructure. G12 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Multiple Economic Benefits of Green Infrastructure: A Close Look at Four Priority Areas Jeffrey Odefey, American Rivers, Tarrytown, NY Seth Brown, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA Mark Buckley, ECONorthwest, Portland, OR Today, polluted stormwater runoff is the only significantly growing source of water pollution in the US. Shifting to cost-effective green infrastructure approaches can ensure cleaner waters and reduce costs for governments, stormwater utilities, and property developers and owners. This presentation discusses the economic benefits of a paradigm shift toward green infrastructure, focusing on four categories of benefits: reduced capital costs, diminished flood damage, increased energy efficiency, and improvements to public health. G13 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Integrated Management: Planning and Evaluation of Green and Gray Infrastructure

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Avinash Patwardhan, CH2M Hill, Palm Beach Gardens, FL The Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati is implementing principles of sustainability in the community it serves. Its 2009-2011 strategy addresses all three aspects of a triple bottom line: operational and environmental performance, social and community performance, and financial and risk performance. MSDGC is developing an approach to evaluate the long-term sustainability of a community by using the Sustainable Community Index. This presentation discusses how green and grey infrastructure can fit into sustainable community planning and examines sustainability metrics that can help in decision making. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 15 P11 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Developing a Low-Impact-Development-Focused Stormwater Management Program for Local Governments Jeffrey Herr, Brown and Caldwell, Atlanta, GA Most local governments have stormwater ordinances that use only traditional treatment techniques and have development ordinances that restrict use of LID practices. This presentation provides information on developing a successful LID-focused stormwater management program, including ordinances, design tools and manuals, standard details and operation, and maintenance practices. The first step is to remove all obstacles to implementing LID practices, then to put in place new land-development regulations along with specific design criteria for each type of LID practice. It is important to engage elected officials, other government departments, and the public in the entire process. P12 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Watershed Restoration: What It Is, What It Isn’t Paul Crabtree, Crabtree Group Inc., Salida, CO Too many far-reaching stormwater regulations are written in the absence of a watershed analysis. Watershed restoration is a popular subject with environmentalists and citizens. A watershed restoration study done before stormwater regulations are written can help ensure effective results; one done after regulations are in place can help to direct a municipality toward more effective rainwater measures. Significant time and financial resources are invested in any rainwater program; identifying the history, the environmental and cultural benchmarks, and the watershed impairments, constraints, and opportunities will help to create a popular and effective program. P13 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Stormwater Infrastructure From Nuisance to Asset: A Municipal Perspective on Transitioning From Stormwater Regulations to Watershed-Centric Alternatives Matthew Stolte, Town of Blacksburg, VA Lee Hixon, Town of Blacksburg, VA Adele Schirmer, Town of Blacksburg, VA Katherine Smith, Town of Blacksburg, VA This presentation highlights a medium-sized town moving beyond regulatory compliance to stormwater asset management. Four components are essential to the overall program: public engagement, data collection, watershed modeling, and optimizing alternative management practices. Blacksburg has been in compliance with the TMDL and MS4 permit programs for the last 10 years and has explored alternative watershed-centric management strategies to maximize benefits with limited funds. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 12 P14 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. A Cautionary Tale: Florida’s Federally Imposed Numeric Nutrient Criteria Winston Borkowski, Hopping Green & Sams, Tallahassee, FL In 1998, EPA issued guidelines for states to supplement or replace their narrative nutrient criteria with numeric criteria. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection began to assess numeric criteria for total phosphorus and total nitrogen, but the task took longer than anticipated. In 2008, after EPA was sued by several environmental organizations, EPA began to develop its own numeric nutrient criteria for Florida fresh waters, which were finalized in 2010. This presentation examines EPA’s unprecedented step and suggests how other states can learn from the Florida experience to maintain local control of water-quality programs. P15 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Mapping Impervious: Why and How Carrie McCrea, AMEC Earth and Infrastructure, Denver, CO Mapping impervious surface distribution and density can be useful for stormwater modeling, planning, and developing fees. This presentation shows how to develop an impervious-surface database or improve an existing one, exploring which surfaces are defined as “impervious” for master planning and infrastructure sizing, whether they are the same surfaces that would be billable if a stormwater fee is based on impervious area, whether all properties need to be mapped and to what degree of accuracy, what type of imagery can be used, how to handle updates, and automated process that can be used. P16 9:00 – 9:30 a.m.

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High-Resolution Storm Analysis for Improved Watershed Guidance: City of Westminster, CO Nate Clements, HDR Engineering Inc., Denver, CO Westminster, CO, is rehabilitating and replacing interceptors within two creek systems, and one project task was to perform a detailed rainfall analysis to help identify possible sources of high inflow and infiltration into the sewer collection system. HDR meteorologists used local Doppler weather radar along with local rain gauges to produce a spatial and temporal analysis of five rainfall events, allowing them to define the return frequency of each event so the city could better understand the characteristics and impact of these, and similar, storms on the sewer systems. WATER-QUALITY MONITORING Governor’s Square 10 Q11 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Bacterial Source Identification: Watershed Impacts on Coastal Water Quality Steve Gruber, Weston Solutions Inc., Carlsbad, CA Mary Vondrak, City of San Clemente, CA In 2010, the city of San Clemente, CA, began a targeted bacterial source identification study due to the continued listing off Poche Beach for elevated levels of indicator bacteria. The study encompasses a multi-tiered adaptive approach with investigation of both anthropogenic and natural sources of bacteria. The study design includes novel assessments of the impact of the scour pond at the base of the watershed, the impact of the pond on surrounding sands, and the impact of the bird population on beach sands and ocean water quality. This presentation provides insights into the role of groundwater in the watershed, the influence of over-irrigation as a transport mechanism, and potential for load reduction through use of a bioswale. Q12 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. An Exploratory Evaluation of E. coli Surrogates to Predict BMP Effectiveness in Denver, CO Jon Novick, City and County of Denver Department of Environmental Health, Denver, CO The city and county of Denver (CCD) is implementing several innovative BMPs to improve water quality and monitoring their effectiveness. Studies have indicated surrogates, especially turbidity, can be used to accurately predict in-stream levels of E. coli. To determine whether surrogates could be used to shed light on the effectiveness of BMPs at reducing E. coli levels in Denver’s urban runoff, CCD evaluated turbidity, temperature, nitrate, phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, and stream flow in Denver’s streams. Results indicate it may be possible to use surrogates, although no single surrogate accurately predicted E. coli levels at all sampling locations. Actual surrogates and regression equations for each would need to be determined on a site-specific basis. Q13 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Managing Drinking Water Coliform Bacteria Concentrations After Heavy Storms in 2011 Charles Cutietta-Olson, New York City Department of Environmental Protection, Valhalla, NY The New York City water supply delivers over a billion gallons of unfiltered drinking water daily. Since 1993 the Kensico Reservoir (source water) has easily complied with the fecal coliform criterion of less than 20 cfu per 100 mL in 90% of samples collected in a six-month period. However, in 2011 the Kensico Reservoir watershed received more than 5 inches of rainfall in five days, and six samples exceeded the threshold over the next five days. Subsequent tropical storms also resulted in samples that exceeded the threshold, prompting detailed sampling and analysis of the reservoir and its watershed. Few anthropogenic sources were found, and non-anthropogenic sources may need to be identified and addressed. Future monitoring will examine whether stormwater detention basins contribute to coliform densities, what stormwater input areas cause fecal coliform to be entrained in the reservoir’s flow paths, and whether changes in the reservoir withdrawal configuration alleviate or exacerbate the problem. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 11 R11 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Pollutant Leaching From Filtration Media in Proprietary and LID BMPs Ryan Janoch, Terraphase Engineering Inc., Oakland, CA Bo Liu, Mid-Atlantic Stormwater Research Center, Mount Airy, MD Both low-impact-development stormwater treatment and manufactured devices often use similar media as their underlying treatment method, such as sand, compost, or granular activated carbon. If a manufactured device containing compost is being tested only for metals removal, the effect of the filtration media on other potential constituents of concern, such as phosphorus, maybe be neglected. During laboratory and field testing of various media types, some were found to be leaching contaminants such as phosphorus and arsenic into the effluent. This presentation reviews data collected regarding filtration media and the current state of research of field and lab testing into contaminant leaching. R12 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Media Filtration for Dissolved Metals Removal Alan Black, HNTB Corporation, Bellevue, WA A Washington State Department of Transportation program seeks to provide effective dissolved metals removal from runoff within the physical constraints of the highway corridor. The media filter drain BMP is one of the few approved BMPs that is space efficient. Located along the outside edge of the roadway, it consists of biofiltration and media filtration. With hopes to develop an urban application to the media filter drain BMP, a treatment train was set up that includes a dry

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detention pond followed by flow dispersal over a media filtration bed, split into two zones to evaluate two media configurations. The new BMP generally matched the performance of the media filter drain except for dissolved metals. This presentation provides a summary of the BMP including design, construction, and monitoring of all media filtration configurations, with data for TSS, total phosphorus, total and dissolved copper, and total and dissolved zinc. R13 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Quantifying Gross Solids and Phosphorus Loads Captured by Stormwater BMP Pretreatment Devices Bob Fossum, Capitol Region Watershed District, St. Paul, MN Melissa Baker, Capitol Region Watershed District, St. Paul, MN The Capitol Region Watershed District constructed eight underground infiltration trenches beneath residential streets as part of a capital improvement project. Performance analysis of the trenches showed that pretreatment devices—sumped manholes and catch basins—were capturing significant pollutant loads. Supplemental monitoring was conducted to quantify the mass of gross solids and total phosphorus being captured annually by all pretreatment units. The sample extraction methodology and results are presented.

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Tuesday, August 21, 2:00 – 3:00 p.m. BMP CASE STUDIES I Governor’s Square 14 B21 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Selecting the Most Cost-Effective BMPs for the Removal of Specific Nonpoint-Source Pollutants Jeffrey Herr, Brown and Caldwell, Atlanta, GA This presentation provides an approach to properly screen, evaluate, and select BMPs for removing specific nonpoint-source pollutants for new developments and retrofits. It includes measured mass pollutant removal efficiencies and life-cycle cost per mass pollutant removed for suspended solids, nutrients, heavy metals, and pathogens. Types of BMPs discussed include rainwater harvesting, low-impact-development practices, reuse, infiltration and detention practices, chemical treatment, wetland treatment, and UV and ozone disinfection. Topics include the importance of understanding local rainfall, soils, water needs, and runoff when selecting BMPs; evaluation and proper selection of BMPs for removing specific pollutants; examples of completed BMP projects with construction and operation and maintenance costs; measured BMP pollutant removal efficiencies and load reductions for different pollutants; and actual BMP life-cycle cost per mass pollutant removed, based on post-construction monitoring. B22 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. Retrofitting Volume Management in an Urban Setting: Long-Term Efficacy Monitoring and Cost Evaluation of Burnsville Rain Gardens Greg Wilson, Barr Engineering Company, Minneapolis, MN Paired watershed monitoring studies were used to study the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of rain gardens. The study evaluates whether properly designed and maintained rain gardens provide long-term treatment capacity and represent a cost-effective BMP for new and retrofitted residential development, based on comparison to literature for the life-cycle cost-effectiveness of other BMPs. Study methodology, monitoring results, cost-benefit comparisons, and recommendations for optimizing design and maintenance of rain gardens are presented. BMP CASE STUDIES II Governor’s Square 11 B23 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Virginia DOT Stormwater Assessment, Restoration, and Maintenance Mike Yost, Apex Companies LLC, Rockville, MD The Virginia Department of Transportation began a program to map, inspect, characterize, rank, repair, and maintain more than 300 stormwater BMPs. A geodatabase was developed to encompass all field data in one location, allowing users to select a BMP and view its information including GIS spatial data and photos. A rating system identifies BMPs in need of immediate repair or maintenance. The presentation covers the development of the database and ranking system, typical repairs and costs, and improvements over several years. B24 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. Evaluation of Soil Amendments Under Roadside Swales for Stormwater Quality Improvement and Harvesting Andrew Hood, University of Central Florida Stormwater Management Academy, Orlando, FL The presentation describes a treatment/harvesting system for highway runoff. The nutrient effluent concentrations of biosorption activated media (BAM) and sandy soil are compared for simulated highway runoff. Preliminary designs for a highway runoff biodetention and water harvesting system are discussed. The system uses BAM to remove nutrients from runoff then stores the water in underground vaults for infiltration, controlled discharge, or irrigation and other nonpotable applications. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G21 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Creating Amenities: Retrofitting Urban Regional Detention Facilities for Multi-Use Purposes Kyle Hamilton, CH2M Hill, Englewood, CO Richard Borchardt, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, CO The Urban Drainage and Flood Control District has implemented regional stormwater management for decades, but facilities built in the 1970s and ’80s often served only one purpose—flood control. As the communities around those facilities grew and park and open space became more valuable, the large detention facilities created opportunities to develop stormwater-based multiuse amenities. UDFCD, the city of Aurora, and CH2M Hill have completed the retrofit of two regional detention ponds for multiuse purposes. The sites today are highly valued by the community; this presentation provides an overview of the public involvement process, major design elements, hydraulic and water-quality improvements, and construction. G22 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. Green Technology for an Auto Dismantling Site Martin Spongberg, AMEC, Fresno, CA

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At a large southern California auto dismantling facility, stormwater treatment had historically consisted of routing runoff through a nonengineered unlined swale that discharged to a depression near the facility outfall. Runoff could infiltrate, but the infiltration rate decreased over time and the site was often inundated for several days post-storm. In 2011 the new facility owner invested in a significant stormwater retrofit and chose a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-proprietary infiltration/biofiltration system designed to reduce site discharge and treat runoff prior to infiltration. Preliminary data suggest the system can retain runoff from the 2-year, 24-hour storm; runoff exceeding system capacity is treated in a hydrodynamic separator before discharge to the storm sewer. Construction costs and operation and maintenance costs are discussed. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 15 P21 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Opportunistic Stormwater Education Barb Huberty, City of Rochester, MN Providing education without a budget means becoming a successful opportunist, so begin to think like an invasive species: Land everywhere and grow profusely, whether you are wanted or not. The Rochester stormwater program’s education expenditures comprise only 2% of the program's budget. However, being an opportunist has resulted in millions of impressions each year, from face-to-face presentations to newspaper, TV, and radio exposure. In this presentation, attendees will learn details about branding the message, using installed BMPs as demonstration sites, working with businesses to “green up” their image, tracking data to prove performance, and more. P22 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. PAHs and Stormwater Management Randy Neprash, Stantec Consulting/Minnesota Cities Stormwater Coalition, Saint Paul, MN Minnesota is finding high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dredged materials from stormwater ponds—levels high enough to trigger mandatory disposal of the dredged materials at lined landfills. This raises the cost of a typical dredging project from $15,000 or $20,000 to $150,000 or $250,000. The Twin Cities Metro area has about 20,000 constructed stormwater ponds, all of which will need to be dredged in the near future. US Geological Survey research indicates coal-tar-based sealcoating is a major contributor to the problem, and several recently passed local ordinances in Minnesota cities ban its sale and use. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has developed a rough cost estimate of dealing with the PAH-contaminated stormwater pond sediment in the Metro area of $1 million to $5 million dollars, based on the use of the dredged material for daily cover at landfills and assuming sufficient landfill capacity exists. The presentation addresses the problem and ongoing efforts to deal with it, including supporting local bans on coal-tar-based sealcoating. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 12 P23 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. A Cost-Efficient In-House Asset Management Approach, Part 1 Eric Edwards, Pierce County Public Works, Spanaway, WA Bryan Chappell, Pierce County Public Works, Spanaway, WA This two-part presentation focuses on the development of a stormwater and roadway asset management program designed to provide a cost-effective, in-house approach to the inspection, prioritization, and maintenance of assets while meeting NPDES requirements. Pierce County Road Operations developed the approach based on four key concepts: asset definition, location, condition, and unit cost. The presentation covers the assessment process, collection tools, and data management concepts used, as well as details of a rating scale and assessment approach to define severity and extent condition levels. P24 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. A Cost-Efficient In-House Asset Management Approach, Part 2 Bryan Chappell, Pierce County Public Works, Spanaway, WA Eric Edwards, Pierce County Public Works, Spanaway, WA This two-part presentation focuses on the development of a stormwater and roadway asset management program designed to provide a cost-effective, in-house approach to the inspection, prioritization, and maintenance of assets while meeting NPDES requirements. Pierce County Road Operations developed the approach based on four key concepts: asset definition, location, condition, and unit cost. The presentation covers the assessment process, collection tools, and data management concepts used, as well as details of a rating scale and assessment approach to define severity and extent condition levels. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 10 R21 2:00 – 2:30 p.m. Post-Installation Rain Garden Evaluations: In Situ Hydrology and Other Design Parameters Tom Franti, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE

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Rain gardens are increasingly used as BMPs to reduce stormwater runoff and remove pollutants. These two related presentations look at 20 pilot rain gardens installed on residential and school properties throughout a Nebraska watershed. A stormwater runoff simulator was used to evaluate the hydrological properties of 12 established residential gardens. Results indicate the gardens could successfully manage runoff and infiltrate at the rates recommended by state and national guidelines. Every garden tested drained in 30 hours of less, with six draining in less than one hour. Storage capacity was poor, with only two gardens able to hold the water-quality design runoff volume. Ponding zone storage capacity was frequently undersized; reasons for inadequate storage capacity are explored. R22 2:30 – 3:00 p.m. Post-Installation Rain Garden Evaluations: Plant Survivability, Homeowner Perceptions, and Educational Value Steven Rodie, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE Marilyn Liebsch, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE These two related presentations look at 20 pilot rain gardens installed on residential and school properties throughout a Nebraska watershed. Eighteen of the gardens were evaluated to help establish a database standard for successful rain gardens. Visual inspections were performed, noting hydraulic and vegetative problems, and the gardens’ owners were interviewed. Several issues were identified that were caused by modifications made by property owners. All but three gardens had problems with plant survivability. Issues more closely examined include plant placement, impacts of irrigation systems in and near the gardens, and hydraulic function. Garden designers and installers need to be further educated on proper plant selection and use based on regional plant experience.

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Tuesday, August 21, 3:30 – 5:00 p.m. BMP CASE STUDIES I Governor’s Square 14 B31 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Mass Balance Performance Measurement of Poppleton Creek Wet Detention Pond Gordon England, Stormwater Solutions, Cocoa Beach, FL The city of Stuart, FL, constructed a regional wet detention pond as a retrofit project funded by a 319 grant. The pond was designed to treat a 578-acre mixed-use watershed. Over a 273-day monitoring period, there were 104 rain events that generated only two discharges from the pond. Drought conditions precluded a standard event mean concentration analysis. An annual mass balance approach was used for a performance analysis that measured evaporation, exfiltration to groundwater, baseflow from upstream groundwater, rainfall, and event discharges. Annual nutrient removal efficiencies of 43% for total nitrogen and 87% for total phosphorus were computed, as well as annual mass removals of 233 kg for TN and 62 kg for TP. B32 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. How to Fit 10 Pounds of Filtration in a 5-Pound Sack: A Case Study of a Microfootprint, High-Performance Disc Filtration System Daniel Scarpine, Aquarius Environmental LLC, Portland, OR Historically the focus for suspended solids removal has been on the use of large-scale settling or large, slow sand filters. While this approach is acceptable for the old single-BMP mindset, in the modern treatment train such an approach requires excessive footprint, capital, and operational costs. Small-footprint, high-efficiency disc-based filter systems have been used for years in the irrigation, power, and high-purity-water markets. These systems are equipped with an automated self-cleaning function that simplifies solids management and ensures continuous operations. A case study is presented of the application of a two-stage disc filter system in an industrial stormwater treatment train. B33 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. Water Quality? I Thought It Was a Cheese Grater Kevin Daggett, Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority, Albuquerque, NM Jerry Lovato, Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority, Albuquerque, NM The Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority has developed many BMPs using off-the-shelf technology in innovative ways to provide easily maintained structures for sediment and debris control. The South Diversion Baffle Chute removes sediment and small debris inline during a large event (3,800 cfs); the design allows whirlpools to develop to maximize sediment removal, and it’s easy to clean. The presentation includes discussion of the structure, its construction, and project costs. BMP CASE STUDIES II Governor’s Square 11 B34 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Shops on Freedom Drive LID BMP Retrofit Project Steve Jadlocki, City of Charlotte, NC The city of Charlotte worked with the property owner at an urban shopping center on an LID retrofit project, installing nine bioretention cells to provide stormwater treatment for a portion of the site. The goals were to see whether LID retrofits could be successfully implemented in existing private development, what steps were needed to make it work, and what benefits could be realized. The city conducted stormwater monitoring at the site for three years after construction to determine the pollutant removal benefits and overall effectiveness of the project. B35 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. A Solution to Meeting Clean Water Standards Tom Atkins, Windward Environmental, Seattle, WA The Washington Department of Ecology proposed issuing a new NPDES permit for a 50-year-old shipbuilding operation on Whidbey Island, severely limiting the amount of copper and other materials in stormwater discharge from the site. The shipbuilder had limited options for discharging stormwater; after several studies, it committed to $1 million of stormwater system upgrades including implementing new source controls, evaluating different treatment technologies, and installing a multi-stage treatment system. Copper in the discharge is now one part per billion, and copper and zinc levels have been reduced by 99% compared to the previous stormwater management system. All treated runoff from the 6-acre fabrication facility is infiltrated into an adjacent shoreline wetland. B36 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. Añorga Quarry: Managing Industrial Stormwater With Proprietary BMPs Andrew Gwinn, Hydro International, Portland, ME At industrial sites, pollutants are specific to the manufacturing processes. This presentation describes a site in Añorga, Spain, with four primary pollutants of concern: limestone, iron ore, cement, and petroleum coke. A treatment system consisting of a hydrodynamic separator followed by a stormwater filter was recommended. The pollutants were characterized for particle-size distribution, and the removal performance of the hydrodynamic separator was determined using semi-empirical design equations. The presentation includes final results and recommendations for future studies of this type.

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GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE I Governor’s Square 16 G31 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Stormwater Reuse: Even Lower Impact Development Mike Gregory, AECOM, Kitchener, ON Despite recent emphasis on LID and green infrastructure, their primary design function continues to be disposal. In typical urban areas, however, the municipal water supply continues to be used for indoor and outdoor uses that do not require treatment to drinking-water standards, such as landscape irrigation, vehicle and equipment washing, and dust control. Stormwater reuse can reduce potable water demand and develop supplemental sources of water to meet future growth demands. This presentation begins with an overview of the current state of the practice for LID, then introduces stormwater reuse concepts with examples from Florida and Canada, with the intent of encouraging creative thinking and promoting a change in the typical stormwater mindset from “collection and disposal” to “harvesting and consumptive use.” G32 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Optimal Storage and Use Configuration for Stormwater Harvesting at a Site Level Daniel Apt, RBF Consulting, Irvine, CA Scott Taylor, RBF Consulting, Carlsbad, CA Remi Candaele, RBF Consulting, Irvine, CA In 2009, EPA announced a rulemaking for post-construction stormwater controls based in part on the 2008 National Academies of Science stormwater report. Central to the proposed rulemaking and the NAS report is the concept of stormwater discharge volume as a proxy for pollutant loading. Many NPDES permits require onsite detention and infiltration and, for sites that do not support infiltration, use of stormwater for irrigation or other nonpotable applications. This presentation explores optimum use of stormwater runoff on a development site and evaluates a new configuration for long-term stormwater storage for eventual nonpotable use: an artificial aquifer where stormwater is stored in an engineered soil matrix. Configuration of the system, long-term geotechnical considerations, and long-term water-quality conditions are considered. G33 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. A Study of Green Roof Hydrologic Performance in the Pacific Northwest Bryan Berkompas, TEC Inc., Seattle, WA Seattle Public Utilities considers green roofs one promising sustainable strategy for stormwater management. The Seattle Green Roof Performance Study took a comprehensive look at the effectiveness and utility of green roofs. This presentation includes hydrologic performance results for three green roofs and provides a comparison to the monitored conventional roof. Monitoring challenges and roof design factors leading to varied hydrological performance across the green roofs are discussed. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE II Governor’s Square 10 G34 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Low-Impact Development: Planning Toward Future Implementation Sincy Modayil, City of Edmonton, AB Fayi Zhou, City of Edmonton, AB Xiangfei Li, City of Edmonton, AB Diane Wirtz, City of Edmonton, AB Ongoing urbanization in Edmonton has led to increased pollutant loadings to the North Saskatchewan River, and regulatory limits are in place for TSS loadings from the drainage system. The city has invested in conventional end-of-pipe stormwater treatment facilities, but these options are limited due to land constraints at storm outfall locations. The focus is shifting to source control, and the city has developed an LID Design Guide. This presentation describes the main drivers for preparing the guide and the feasibility study for future LID implementation on a citywide scale. G35 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Effectiveness of a Swale as a BMP Farzana Ahmed, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN A properly designed vegetated swale can be an effective stormwater BMP, but research shows that for swales and other BMPs, sufficient infiltration measurements need to be made to compensate for the large spatial variation in infiltration rates; statistical analysis can then be performed to estimate the effective infiltration capacity of the swale. Analysis of five swales has shown that the sides of the swales have higher infiltration rates than the center, so most runoff should infiltrate through the sides before reaching the center. This presentation shows the spatial variation of the infiltration rates of the swales and shows how infiltration capacity can be calculated from measurements for a given design rainfall event. G36 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. From Gray to Green: The Importance of Ecology in Urban Planning and Gray Infrastructure Kim Chapman, Applied Ecological Services Inc., Prior Lake, MN

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Ecologically speaking, if streets are viewed as pieces of gray infrastructure embedded in the wider natural world, they become headwaters and streams in a local or regional watershed. With their vegetated edges, they connect other patches of vegetation and are regularly crossed by wildlife. This presentation looks at how design was put into an ecological context at a college building, plaza, and mall expansion and describes critical steps necessary to apply an ecological approach to design. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 15 P31 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Is Urban Stormwater Ready for Pollutant Trading? Long Island Sound Pollutant Trading Initiative Richard Haimann, HDR, Long Beach, CA Srinivasan Rangarajan, HDR, Mahwah, NJ A pollutant trading scheme for nutrients is being developed for Long Island Sound, and there is interest in expanding it. A 10% reduction from various nonpoint-source loads from baseline conditions might be achieved by implementing BMPs and low-impact-development techniques. There are still many challenges associated with nonpoint-source nutrient trading schemes; underestimation of nonpoint-source control costs and overestimation of point-source control costs have led to alarming concerns about the cost-effectiveness of point- to nonpoint-source trades. Monitoring needs associated with nonpoint-source performance evaluation also add significant costs. These factors often lead to nonpoint-source trading being less cost effective and more demanding in terms of administrative, regulatory, and policy elements compared to point-source trading. This presentation outlines the challenges and opportunities associated with nutrient trading schemes for nonpoint sources. P32 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Bank on It: Mitigation as a Foundation for Your Green Infrastructure Investment? Ann Redmond, Brown and Caldwell, Baton Rouge, LA One avenue to funding watershed management programs is to develop ecosystem banks, which can be implemented as stream, wetland, and/or water-quality banking projects. Credits generated by these banks are used to offset natural resource losses from development activities. Projects can be standalone or part of an umbrella program, approved by an interagency team made up of the US Army Corps of Engineers, EPA, Fish and Wildlife, and other federal and state agencies. Factors to consider include whether there is a market with room for a new bank, natural resource assessment, ecosystem restoration, and regulatory factors. This presentation addresses a watershed approach to site selection and restoration and goal-setting compatible with stormwater and watershed improvement planning. Pros and cons of developing banks, teaming with bankers, or licensing sites to third parties to establish banks are discussed. P33 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. Is Stormwater Really a Resource? Seth Brown, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA Brian Van Wye, District of Columbia Department of the Environment, Washington, DC Viewing stormwater as a true resource, in the manner that other commodities are, has significant policy, economic, and programmatic implications. The behavior of the public and the development community may change if incentives are in place to retain stormwater onsite through harvesting or infiltration. This type of valuation differs from the more common approach, which is to estimate associated benefits or cost savings from progressive stormwater management in an effort to illustrate the value of providing (and paying for) robust stormwater treatment. This presentation looks at the valuation of stormwater and how it might change the landscape of the stormwater field, including past work done in this area at Shepherd Creek and the Cincinnati area. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 12 P34 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Who Needs 311 When You Have 24/7? Sandra McDonald, City of Arvada, CO Tanna Boisvert, City of Arvada, CO Governments try to respond effectively to the public, but how do we prevent falling short of expectations? Arvada’s web-based customer service response system, Ask Arvada, allows residents to communicate with the city 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and allows the city to respond to a population of 107,000 residents quickly and effectively. The system also serves as a stormwater hotline for reporting spills, environmental concerns, maintenance needs, and other issues. This presentation demonstrates the Ask Arvada system, starting with a list of FAQs that the city estimates has saved customers and employees more than 100,000 phone calls. Residents can also submit their concern from their telephones along with photos of the problem. A tracking mechanism documents emails between residents and staff, and city council members and managers are notified of concerns within their purview. P35 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Measuring Embraced Behavior to Evaluate Effectiveness of MS4 Education and Outreach Jesse Poore, Felsburg Holt and Ullevig, Lincoln, NE Janice Lopitz, Keep It Clean Partnership, Boulder, CO Carrie Powers, CP Compliance, Castle Rock, CO

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How do we know that public education and involvement programs are effective? How is effectiveness measured? In 2011 the Keep It Clean Partnership in Colorado hired a consultant team to evaluate the effectiveness of almost 10 years of shared programs. Results of the program review, a survey of three similar MS4 partnerships, and assessment of existing effectiveness-characterization models has identified that percent behavior change is a misleading effectiveness measure. Pollutant loads associated with undesirable behaviors, such as lawn over-fertilization, are often unknown, so measuring the percent behavior change demonstrates unknown water-quality benefit. Instead, MS4s should focus on measuring and characterizing how well recommended behaviors are embraced. This presentation recommends a national framework for measuring embraced behavior. P36 4:30 – 5:00 p.m. Innovative Approaches to Developing an NPDES Stormwater Program: Public Involvement at the Watershed Scale Through Stream Monitoring Brian Bohl, Hamilton County Soil and Water Conservation District, Cincinnati, OH The Hamilton County Storm Water District and Soil and Water Conservation District have employed innovative approaches to building public education and outreach programs, leveraging resources, and meeting NPDES requirements within 41 jurisdictions. This presentation covers some of the most unique and watershed-focused outreach programs, including monitoring of water chemistry and biological surveys. Partnerships with the University of Cincinnati, watershed groups, and citizen volunteers enable monitoring of 65 locations, and the sampling efforts have provided opportunities for collaboration with other state and local agencies. Sampling and analysis targets include septic system and sanitary sewer hotspots, in-stream projects, stormwater BMPs, landfill runoff, and more. More than 500 volunteers have contributed more than 2,000 volunteer hours.

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Wednesday, August 22, 8:00 – 9:30 a.m. BMP CASE STUDIES Governor’s Square 14 B41 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Field Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Separation and Settling Clarification: Event-Based Removal Efficiency of Metals Transported by Urban Stormwater Jong-Yeop Kim, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL Heavy metals are identified as leading pollutants in significant portions of impaired receiving waters in the US. Many types of hydrodynamic separation systems have been installed as a preliminary treatment for gross solids, flotables, and sediments, but there is limited published information on their performance for heavy metals transported in stormwater. Results are presented here of the event-based treatment performance of a hydrodynamic separator and settling clarifier for particulate metals transported by stormwater from a source area urban catchment. B42 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Improving the 4% Bioretention Size Criterion: A Flow/Volume-Based Approach for Optimization Without Compromising Water Quality Luis Parra, Tory R. Walker Engineering Inc., Vista, CA This presentation explains a method to better design a bioretention cell with French drains; the sizing factor is obtained as a function of the runoff coefficient, the 85th percentile precipitation depth, maximum intensity of the design, infiltration capacity of the amended soil, and top ponding depth. This method satisfies the continuity equation, Darcy’s law, the geometry of the bioretention cell, and water-quality constraints. B43 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Effective End-of-Pipe Structural BMPs for the Arid Southwest Jerry Lovato, Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority, Albuquerque, NM Craig Hoover, Bohannan Huston Inc., Albuquerque, NM The Albuquerque Metropolitan Arroyo Flood Control Authority has developed a stormwater treatment program that uses BMPs in series to treat flows before they reach the Rio Grande, with emphasis on reducing sediment and floatable debris. First-generation BMPs included debris baskets, screens on pipe outlets, and inclined ported risers on flood control dam outlet works. Second-generation BMPs included sand filters and combined hanging baffle wall and weir systems to treat a broader spectrum of pollutants and larger quantities of runoff. Third- and fourth-generation facilities include new technologies that change the paradigm from removing trash from the stormwater flows to extracting clean water from the flows. AMAFCA has placed structural BMPs on eight of the nine major outfalls to the Rio Grande, which at minimum treat first flush, although recent BMPs can treat the entire 100-year runoff. Collectively they have reduced transport of sediment and floatable debris to the river by more than 50%. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G41 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Mainstream the Green: Barriers (and Solutions) to Large-Scale Implementation of Green Infrastructure Seth Brown, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA Chris Kloss, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC Green infrastructure has been part of the technical lexicon in stormwater for over a decade, yet “green” practices and solutions to address water quality are the exception rather than the rule in many places across the country. This presentation addresses the roadblocks, real and perceived, that impede progress and looks at how we can address them. If green infrastructure has so much to offer and is cheaper than traditional grey solutions, why has it not been more widely implemented? The Water Environment Federation attempted to answer that through an informal survey of its members; results were presented to the EPA Office of Water, along with proposed solutions, and are presented here. G42 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Gwinnett County Low-Impact Development and Green Infrastructure Initiative Arvind Narayanan, Brown and Caldwell, Atlanta, GA In anticipation of more restrictive stormwater treatment requirements, Gwinnett County studied the effectiveness of LID and green infrastructure practices and used its 31-acre central facility as a testing ground, dividing it into nine drainage areas each retrofitted with a selection of practices including bioretention, rain gardens, green roofs, roof leader disconnection, filter strips, cisterns, reinforced grass parking, and hydrodynamic devices. The practices were designed to retain the 95th percentile storm of 1.73 inches. The next step involved construction and implementation of the recommended selection of LID practices in stages, leading by example to encourage the local community to use LID practices. The goals, concept study, costs, benefits, observations, and monitoring results are presented. G43 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. The First Green Mile: Why the Slow Start for Green Infrastructure Richard Davis, Beveridge and Diamond PC, Washington, DC Since 1999, Onondaga County has been implementing an amended consent judgment to reduce CSOs to Onondaga Lake. The judgment was amended again in 2009 to incorporate green infrastructure strategies to further reduce wet-weather overflows and to replace a portion of the planned grey infrastructure. This presentation focuses on

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design and construction of green infrastructure projects in 2011, including porous pavements, infiltration trenches, vegetated roofs, green streets, rainwater harvesting, wetlands, and others. Estimated stormwater volume reduction, construction costs, and a discussion of maintenance are included. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT Governor’s Square 15 P41 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Implementation of a Trash TMDL in the Nation’s Capital Matt Robinson, District Department of Environment, Washington, DC The Anacostia River, which traverses Maryland and the District of Columbia, has been on the 303(d) lists of both jurisdictions as impaired for trash. In 2010, EPA approved the Anacostia River Trash TMDL, which requires the two jurisdictions to collectively reduce trash loads from storm sewers, CSOs, and illegal dumping by more than a million pounds a year. This is the first multi-jurisdictional TMDL of its type in the country. This presentation focuses on the District’s structural and non-structural approaches—such as trash traps and bag fees—and their successes and failures thus far. P42 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. State-of-the-Art Hydro-Meteorological Guidance for Stormwater Management and Operations Michael McMahon, HDR Engineering Inc., Denver, CO Improved weather forecasting and real-time guidance for flooding can provide stormwater and CSO utilities with mission-critical information to improve mitigation practices, reduce risk of property damage, and increase efficiency. Advancements in the last five years have lead to greatly improved quantitative precipitation forecasts and real-time quantitative precipitation estimates from Doppler radar. This presentation describes the current state of hydro-meteorological technologies and how they can be applied, with examples and discussion of cost-to-benefit of these methods. P43 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Creating a Prioritized Pond Maintenance Program Liz Stout, City of Minnetonka, MN As the city of Minnetonka was updating its infrastructure mapping and bringing the information into a GIS format, it developed a pond inventory and maintenance program to prioritize financing for stormwater utility maintenance. The city has approximately 1,200 lakes, wetlands, and ponds within its 28 square miles. The city divided all water bodies into two categories—constructed stormwater ponds and stormwater wetlands—then further narrowed down the constructed ponds by pond size, size and land use of the tributary area, and proximity to sensitive downstream waters. Based on these criteria, the city determined 54 high-priority ponds; after further analysis, it was able to prioritize maintenance activities based on a pond’s degree of sedimentation, proximity to sensitive waters, and potential for water-quality benefits. WATER-QUALITY MONITORING Governor’s Square 10 Q41 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Achieving Numeric Standards for Pollutant Reduction on an MS4 Scale Kurt Schoen, AECOM, Stevens Point, WI This presentation describes the integration of a GIS, the Source Loading and Management Model (WinSLAMM), and database calculations into a system than simultaneously calculates loadings over the MS4 permit area and helps identify and select cost-effective BMPs. This method creates GIS files representing model input parameters, including soil classification, land use, drainage type, and existing BMPs. It has widespread application as TMDLs and numeric standards proliferate. Q42 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Subsurface Flow Wetlands: Monitoring of an Engineered SSF Wetland for Dry-Weather Flow in Torrance, CA Michael Alberson, Balfour Beatty Construction, San Diego, CA In 2011, the city of Torrance, CA, installed a large subsurface flow wetland at Madrona Marsh, one of the few remaining natural marshes in the area. Adjacent is a regional detention basin to collect stormwater runoff from a large portion of the city. The subsurface flow wetland will be used to treat dry-weather flow entering the detention basin before discharging to the natural marsh. The wetland uses new technologies, including a pre-treatment system, specially designed lightweight ceramic biomedia, and a hydroponic plant establishment system. The primary pollutants of concern are nutrients, and monitoring is ongoing. Q43 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. Estimating Total Suspended Sediment Removal Rate for Stormwater Quality Ponds Hui-Ming “Max” Shih, URS Corporation, Denver, CO A theoretical approach was developed to predict the sediment trap rate through a stormwater quality control basin. The innovative computing algorithm calculates the sediment removal rate based on influent particle sizes, basin geometry, and drain time. For the cases studied, the observed data show good agreement with predicted removal rates.

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For a target sediment removal rate, this method provides a basis to select the proper drain time according to the particle sizes in stormwater. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 11 R41 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. New Laboratory Protocols to Assess Total Suspended Solids Removal by Manufactured Hydrodynamic Separator and Filtration Devices Mark Miller, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN Ryan Janoch, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN In association with the state of New Jersey, SWEMA has developed new testing protocols that allow for side-by-side comparisons of stormwater technologies and performance claims. These include total suspended solids removal efficiency testing that addresses background TSS levels and testing that establishes a device’s maximum treatment flow rate and filtration treatment area. This presentation describes the protocols, sampling methods, and more. R42 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. The Myth of Barriers to Remove Sediment From Runoff Waters Jerald Fifield, HydroDynamics Incorporated, Parker, CO How effective are barriers in front of inlets or drainage channels at removing sediment from runoff waters? The answer lies in understanding hydrologic conditions, optimal barrier placement, and whether BMPs are designed for flood or non-flood flow conditions. This presentation covers assessing barriers in front of inlets, understanding why rock barriers may do little to reduce sediment discharge, and learning why check structures in drainage channels may capture little sediment and fail to prevent erosion. R43 9:00 – 9:30 a.m. What Is the Best Volume of Runoff to Retain or Treat? A Simple Free Tool Removes the Guesswork Ken MacKenzie, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, CO More than half the states in the US prescribe a numeric value for the volume of stormwater runoff to be retained or treated and slowly released to receiving waters, but guidance on sizing this volume has been sparse. A freeware application developed by the University of Colorado at Denver, the Urban Watersheds Research Institute, and the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District is available to simulate runoff volumes for each storm in a stormwater data set and may be used for any site where continuous rainfall data are available.

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Wednesday, August 22, 10:00 – 11:00 a.m. BMP CASE STUDIES Governor’s Square 14 B51 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Rain Gardens in Real Life: Testing Performance at the Back Cove Demonstration Rain Garden Patrick Clark, Stantec, Scarborough, ME For the last year, a team of civil engineers and landscape architects has been monitoring performance of a rain garden constructed along a waterfront in downtown Portland, ME. The goal is to assess performance of a rain garden that meets local design guidelines and other ordinances in a real-life setting, as opposed to more controlled constructions used in academic researched. The results can provide guidance for communities in similar environments on whether to employ rain gardens as part of their stormwater management strategy. Monitoring results are presented, indicating that the rain garden is effectively removing pollutants. B52 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Pervious Concrete: Lessons Learned From Seven Years of Monitoring Holly Piza, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, CO To provide guidance in selection and maintenance practices for permeable pavements, the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District has had an active stormwater quality monitoring program for more than 14 years, beginning with concrete grid pavement and now including pervious concrete, porous asphalt, permeable interlocking concrete pavement, and a new type of pavement consisting of conventional concrete with a pattern of full-depth cuts. Inflow and outflow samples are collected, along with rainfall and runoff data, to determine volume reduction and event mean concentration of various constituents. UDFCD recently completed a seven-year report on the pervious concrete site; the design of the BMP, a summary of the monitoring results, and a discussion of the maintenance schedule are presented. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G51 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Stormwater Reduction in a Pedestrian-Friendly Urban Retrofit: The Georgia Street Improvements Project Cassie Reiter, Crawford, Murphy and Tilly, Indianapolis, IN Adam Burns, Crawford, Murphy and Tilly, Indianapolis, IN Andy Lutz, Indianapolis Department of Public Works, Indianapolis, IN Sustainable stormwater collection and treatment was a primary goal on the recently completed Georgia Street improvements in downtown Indianapolis. Georgia Street is a 3-block-long primary connector between the Indiana Convention Center and Conseco Fieldhouse; it was redesigned to serve as both an urban street corridor and a pedestrian-friendly extension of outdoor convention space during major downtown events. The mixed vehicular and pedestrian traffic environment required a design that would create a sustainable stormwater collection and treatment facility that would aesthetically blend with both uses. Water-quality BMPs include rain gardens, curbless street design, and infiltration galleries. G52 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Multipurpose Watershed Planning at the Campus Scale Charles Kelley, ZGF Architects LLP, Portland, OR Matt Dolan, KPFF Engineers, Portland, OR The Providence Portland Medical Center campus master plan balances the needs of the hospital, the local neighborhood, and city land-use regulations. A mix of stormwater treatment options supports vehicle access, pedestrian circulation, and open space requirements. By disaggregating water-quality facilities throughout the site, it was possible to optimize the various BMPs and structural improvements in a fashion that supported construction phasing, separated roof runoff, and treatment and reduction of stormwater for different kinds of runoff. Integrated vegetated and mechanical systems were used to address runoff from relatively dirty vehicular surfaces differently than relatively clean runoff from roofs prior to infiltration. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 12 P51 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Stormwater Runoff Management and Modeling in Southwest Louisiana Justin Shaw, C.H. Fenstermaker and Associates, Lafayette, LA Calcasieu Parish, located in a flat, low-lying, flood-prone region of coastal Louisiana, has a parish-wide stormwater master plan to reduce flooding in residential and commercial developments. This presentation covers details of the plan, including performing hydrologic and hydraulic modeling of existing conditions, producing drainage improvement alternatives, developing a GIS database, providing guidance on stormwater management and maintenance, recommending BMPs, engaging the public, and acquiring funds. P52 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Developing Stormwater Strategies for Complex Road Reconstruction Problems

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Sarah O. Lawson, SRM Associates, Whitby, ON In recent decades, the city of Toronto has been faced with aging infrastructure issues. The area of the Brycemoor Road – Brownfield Gardens street system is an example of the complexity of the problem; in addition to the deterioration and structural issues of the road, the area experiences flooding and major overland flow. To better understand timing and subsurface and surface flows, detailed modeling was required. This presentation includes results of a detailed modeling analysis using PCSWMM and describes the design solutions proposed to mitigate these issues. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 15 P53 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. We Were Audited and Lived to Tell About It! Pam Acre, City of Northglenn/Colorado Stormwater Council, Northglenn, CO Wanda DeVargas, City of Greenwood Village/Colorado Stormwater Council, Greenwood Village, CO Dennis Rodriguez, City and County of Broomfield/Colorado Stormwater Council, Broomfield, CO For most MS4s, the prospect of a full program audit is terrifying. Why me? What did I do to trigger this? Is all my documentation up to date? What’s the process, and how can I prepare? This presentation looks at the state audit process for three local MS4s and discusses the similarities and differences. By developing a better understanding with your state of Phase I and Phase II specific implementation requirements, you have the opportunity to make beneficial improvements to your program. The presentation also provides hints and tips to make your audit process go more smoothly. P54 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. The CDOT Consent Order, Three Years Later Rick Willard, Colorado Department of Transportation, Denver, CO The Colorado Department of Transportation received a Notice of Violation in 2005 for violations to the Colorado Water Quality Control Act. CDOT entered into a consent order with the state, including a fine and 18 compliance requirements. The cost of implementing these 18 requirements far exceeded the half million dollar fine. This presentation provides an overview of the requirements, which included hiring additional staff, daily construction-site inspections, weekly project meetings, and constructing a hands-on erosion control training facility. It also examines the water-quality “culture shift” at CDOT. WATER-QUALITY MONITORING Governor’s Square 10 Q53 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. An Adaptive Management Plan for PCBs in Stormwater and Sediment Raylene Gennett, City of Spokane, WA Lynn Schmidt, City of Spokane, WA Polychlorinated biphenyls, although banned in the US, persist in the environment and bioaccumulate in aquatic ecosystems, often deposited through stormwater outfalls. The city of Spokane follows an adaptive management plan to reduce PCBs in stormwater discharges by analyzing and interpreting existing PCB data, identifying likely sources of PCBs and implementing appropriate remedial actions and BMPs, and collecting additional data to further reduce PCB impacts to the Spokane River. In 2011 the city conducted remedial maintenance and sampled 800 catch basins for PCB concentration in sediments. Data will help refine future efforts. Q54 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Effectiveness of Requiring Filtration BMPs as Stormwater Management Paul Moline, Carver County Water Management Organization, Chaska, MN Minnesota’s Carver County Water Management Organization adopted alternative stormwater requirements in 2002. Heavy clay soils in the region often require that filtration, rather than infiltration, be used to treat stormwater. More than 125 filtration BMPs have been installed and monitored for water-quality parameters, runoff control, ease of construction, and more. Lessons learned from eight years of monitoring are presented, including working with developers, engineers, contractors, planners, and landowners. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 11 R53 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Taking Lab Results With a Grain of Salt John Moll, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN Significant strides have been made in developing standard laboratory test protocols for manufactured treatment devices. A strong ASTM effort has been supplemented by NJDEP’s work with SWEMA to devise standardized, repeatable methods to assess performance based on the removal of suspended sediments. In the past, test procedures varied from lab to lab, and some manufacturers performed their own testing; sediment of varying particle sizes was used so that apples-to-apples comparison was not possible. With today’s new testing protocols and requirements, all devices will be on a level playing field and the ability of a device to perform to the required standards becomes clear—or does it? This presentation shows natural materials down to the microscopic level and compares them to laboratory test sediments. Good for comparison? Yes. But are these tests indicative of actual field performance?

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R54 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Use of CFD to Understand BMP Resistance to Washout Jeremy Fink, Hydro International, Portland, ME Whether it’s termed scour or washout, the resuspension of captured sediment is a fundamental issue in the design and sizing of stormwater quality BMPs. Understanding the mechanisms that successfully control scour is critical in developing as well as selecting appropriate devices. When benchmarking for scour in a lab or field study, the overall results may be clear but often don’t provide insight into the fundamental flow patterns within the device that design engineers need to further improve the products. Computational fluid dynamics models can help evaluate stormwater control devices beyond conventional lab or field testing. Researchers at St. Anthony Falls Laboratory at the University of Minnesota quantified a hydrodynamic separator’s resistance to washout. Using these data, a model was prepared for CFD numerical analysis. When similarities and differences between the CFD analysis and lab test results are taken into account, the CFD model becomes a useful qualitative tool to visualize the internal flow regimes within a device.

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Wednesday, August 22, 3:00 – 4:30 p.m. BMP CASE STUDIES Governor’s Square 14 B61 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. The National Arboretum Takes on a Large Urban Stormwater BMP Ken Eyre, Greeley and Hansen, Springfield, VA Brian McDermott, DC Water, Washington DC The US Army Corps of Engineers constructed a large-capacity urban stormwater facility at the National Arboretum in Washington DC. The facility should significantly reduce floatables from entering Hickey Run, a highly urbanized stream flowing through the arboretum property and eventually draining to the Anacostia River. Details of construction, third-party evaluations, and manufacturer’s pollutant-reduction data for the hydrodynamic separator are discussed. B62 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Runoff Treatment for a Waterfront Log Sort Yard Ross Dunning, Kennedy/Jenks Consultants, Federal Way, WA Anita Fichthorn, Port of Tacoma, Tacoma, WA Log import and export facilities have particular stormwater management challenges as their operations often require vast areas adjacent to sensitive waters, and rainwater coming into contact with logs and equipment creates runoff high in suspended solids with a high organic content. This presentation describes activities at the Port of Tacoma waterfront log-sorting and import/export facility to characterize runoff and evaluate the range of source and operational control and treatment BMPs necessary to meet regulatory standards. Runoff data, a description of the port’s drainage system, and alternative treatments are discussed. B63 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Manchester Field Drainage Improvement Project Ryan Lizewski, AECOM, Chelmsford, MA Jake San Antonio, AECOM, Chelmsford, MA An innovative system was constructed to reduce flooding and peak rates of stormwater discharge to the Aberjona River in Winchester, MA. The two-phase project involved installing underground detention systems under Manchester Field and a parking lot, providing more than 2.3 acre-feet of underground storage. Construction challenges and results are discussed. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G61 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Emerging BMPs for Green Highways Scott Taylor, RBF Consulting, Carlsbad, CA Highways form an important component of a watershed and are an increasing focus for stormwater management. State transportation agencies that maintain highways face unique challenges in implementing LID into highway infrastructure. Constrains include limited right of way, safety as a priority, and maintenance limitations. Because the interstate highway system is largely complete, near- and medium-term implementation of BMPs needs to be accommodated within existing infrastructure to be practical. Recent and ongoing research has yielded a set of emerging BMPs for highways that are compatible with existing infrastructure and relatively cost-effective to implement compared with traditional end-of-pipe BMPs. These include vegetated controls, engineered dispersion, compost-amended slopes, permeable friction course, batch detention, media filter drains, and true source control. G62 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Deep Underground Injection Wells to Infiltrate Stormwater and Stabilize a Ravine Todd Wentworth, AMEC Environment and Infrastructure, Bothell, WA This presentation looks at the use of deep underground injection control wells allowing stormwater infiltration to bypass impermeable near-surface soils at a new elementary school. This is first large-scale use of such wells in Washington state that eliminates stormwater detention facilities. The wells accommodate peak storm flow, and water quality is achieved by catch basin dead storage and filter inserts. G63 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. National Apartments: A Case Study of How to Integrate Green Infrastructure Into Infill Development Jean Wodarek, Williams Creek Consulting, Indianapolis, IN The National Apartments are at the heart of the Indianapolis Smart Growth Redevelopment District, which promotes sustainability principles and concentrates public and private efforts to promote them. The integrated stormwater management system is a public-private partnership that replaced traditional inlets, pipe, underground storage structures, and mechanical treatment with a distributed system integrated into the pavement and parking lot islands within the site and public right of way. In addition to capital savings of $112,000, the system supports the overarching goals of the Smart Growth District and is an example of the steps Indianapolis is taking to become a leader in sustainability.

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STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 15 P61 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Continuing to Control Your (Permitted) Fate: Part II of the Story of a Collaborative Stormwater Organization Jill Piatt-Kemper, City of Aurora/Colorado Stormwater Council, Aurora, CO Pam Acre, City of Northglenn/Colorado Stormwater Council, Northglenn, CO For more than a decade, Colorado’s Phase I and II municipal stormwater permit holders reacted to regulations and state guidance on their own, even on issues that crossed municipal boundaries. This often caused confusion, as one entity sometimes adopted ordinances that were more or less stringent than others. In 2006, the Colorado Stormwater Council was officially established to act as a forum for permit holders to exchange information, serve as a voice for members at regulatory hearings and other meetings, educate members, and aid in developing and implementing local and regional stormwater programs. This presentation reveals its ongoing trials, tribulations, pitfalls, and successes. P62 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. How Are You Measuring Environmental Compliance? Jennifer Hildebrand, WSB and Associates, Minneapolis, MN This presentation—based on Jennifer Hildebrand’s full-day preconference course—offers a fresh approach to stormwater compliance for construction sites. It focuses on common-sense but not necessarily highly technical strategies. What can one construction site do to manage runoff and still remain profitable? The presentation helps demystify the intense broad regulations that affect construction projects, focusing on determining with a risk-assessment mindset which strategies are most important in maintaining and environmentally compliant project. The presentation focuses on techniques, not on specific practice installation or performance standards. P63 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. CDOT BMP Training Facility Rick Willard, Colorado Department of Transportation, Denver, CO In 2005, the Colorado Department of Transportation received a notice of violation against the state’s Water Quality Control Act and was required to construct a BMP training facility that would provide free training classes. The facility—the only one of its kind in the state—gives attendees hands-on experience in selecting, installing, inspecting, and maintaining temporary and permanent BMPs, which are then subjected to simulated precipitation and concentrated sheet flow. Many student-installed BMPs fail, teaching important lessons that can be applied in the field. CDOT has trained over 1,500 of its maintenance staff. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 12 P64 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Creative Use of Technology in Implementing a Stormwater Management Program Thomas Roth, Horry County Stormwater, Conway, SC Horry County, the largest in South Carolina, is located in the coastal region and has several significant water bodies. After receiving its NPDES permit in 2006, the county partnered with adjoining MS4 programs to create a local consortium of educators to help meet requirements for education and public outreach. For construction plan reviews, a digital review program was established, improving record-keeping and interdepartmental coordination. Post-construction BMP inspections are conducted on final as-builts that have been required since 2000, and Cityworks and ARC GIS software are used to track and document these inspections, citizen complaints, illicit discharge inspections, and work orders. P65 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Integrating GPS Data Collection Systems With a Geospatial Database for NPDES Compliance and Stormwater Management Todd Monson, AECOM, Chelmsford, MA Aaron Hopkins, AECOM, Chelmsford, MA The Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation and Department of Transportation both own vast amounts of property throughout the state, including reservoirs, watershed and conservation land, state and urban parks, and highways, and the properties contain stormwater infrastructure ranging from open swales to highly urbanized stormwater systems. To satisfy NPDES permits, both agencies mapped the stormwater infrastructure on their diverse properties and developed illicit discharge detection and elimination programs. This presentation describes the development of comprehensive stormwater geospatial databases and companion GPS data-collection systems to help with permit compliance. P66 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Integrating Stormwater Pipeline Video Inspections Into Asset Management and GIS Andy Kuster, Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority, Englewood, CO In 2010, the Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority initiated an asset management program that included improved inspection and tracking of pipe condition information, among other activities. In 2011, SMSWA acquired a pipeline camera system and vehicle to video-inspect stormwater pipes and culverts, and integrated three software systems to form a complete system for identifying and prioritizing inspections, assigning work orders, completing

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inspections, and updating the master GIS database. A detailed description of the project is presented, with lessons learned, system requirements, costs, benefits, and a preview of future enhancements. WATER-QUALITY MONITORING Governor’s Square 10 Q61 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Development of Methods for Collecting and Analyzing Storm-Borne Sediments as Part of the Monitoring Requirements of the Ballona Creek Estuary Toxics TMDL Taraneh Nik-Khah, City of Los Angeles, CA The Ballona Creek Estuary Toxics TMDL is the first in the city of Los Angeles to require storm-borne sediment quality analysis, and there are no standard procedures for extracting and analyzing sediment material from stormwater samples. The city has developed a method of collecting and concentrating storm-borne sediment from autosampler composite samples taken during each storm. The large sample volume needed to perform all required analyses makes filtration an impractical method of concentrating sediment. The city has found a technique of decanting and centrifuging the samples to be effective. This presentation includes results of the first year of effectiveness monitoring for storm-borne sediments and provides an overview of important considerations when developing a sampling method. Q62 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. The Chesapeake Bay TMDL: A Policy Model for Nutrient Pollution Reductions Across the Country Eileen Straughan, Straughan Environmental Inc., Columbia, MD More than 40,000 TMDLs have been established in watersheds across the country since 1992, but the Chesapeake Bay TMDL is by far the largest and most complex, addressing point- and nonpoint-source pollution in a 64,000-square-mile watershed that spans all or part of six states and the District of Columbia. Based on EPA’s strategic planning, the same challenges facing the Chesapeake Bay are also found in the Great Lakes, Long Island Sound, the Gulf of Mexico, Puget Sound, San Francisco Bay, the US-Mexico border waterways, south Florida waterways, and other major water bodies. TMDLs like Chesapeake Bay’s—and the watershed-based approach to implanting it—will likely appear in these areas. The presentation addresses actions needed to achieve necessary pollutant reductions, including traditional infrastructure projects and nontraditional projects like nutrient management plans, riparian buffers, wetland creation, stream stabilization, and more. Q63 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Stormwater Sampling for Turbidity Under the New EPA General Stormwater Construction Permit Jim Bowlby, Aquaterra Environmental Solutions Inc., Denver, CO This presentation includes tips and actions for water-quality sampling, including discussion of onsite sampling, use of autosamplers, precipitation gauges, turbidity measurements, and telemetry and remote access to data. The presentation includes hands-on equipment demonstrations, sampling basics, and a discussion of equipment costs. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 11 R61 3:00 – 3:30 p.m. Destabilization of Suspended Particles in Stormwater Subject to Coagulant Dosage and Detention Redox Jong-Yeop Kim, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Meyers, FL To enhance removal efficiency of particles in stormwater, such processes as coagulation, floc formation, and filtration are used, which are dependent on pH, the chemical composition of water, and the physical and electrolytic character of the particles. Stormwater samples from three separate events were collected and subjected to batch coagulation and variable redox conditions. Jar tests with different coagulants were also performed with stormwater samples at different doses, and the zeta potential, turbidity, and pH were measured. Results of the various tests are presented. R62 3:30 – 4:00 p.m. Understanding the Differences in Precipitation Distribution Between Southern California and Coastal Washington State/British Columbia: How Climate Affects Design Luis Parra, Tory R. Walker Engineering Inc., Vista, CA This presentation compares the rainfall spectrum of southern California and the coastal northwest US and Canada to show that regional difference in rainfall can make conclusions that are valid in one region completely meaningless in another—for example, retaining 90% rainfall onsite would have little effect on peak runoff rates in coastal Washington state but a significant effect in southern California. Other differences include rainfall distribution throughout the year, the importance of interflow, and sediment transport differences. The concept of the intensity-duration curve is introduced, which allows determination of the percentage of precipitation occurring between two intensity values at a given location. The differences in precipitation behavior can serve as a reminder to engineers, designers, and policy makers that conclusions obtained in one climatic region may not be applicable to regions with different hydrological conditions. R63 4:00 – 4:30 p.m. Biofilter Performance Influenced by Infiltration Rate, Media Depth, and Solids Concentration Jia Ma, Contech Construction Products Inc., Portland, OR

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Despite many studies on the performance of stormwater bioinfiltration media, the effects of bioinfiltration rate, media depth, and solids concentration remains unclear, which impedes a direct comparison of different biomedia products and often leads to improper design. This study used ground silica sand with D50 of approximately 25 microns and tap water to simulate suspended solids concentration in the assessment of solids removal performance with regard to influence of media depth, influent concentration, and infiltration rate. Clear patterns were demonstrated, and the results are presented.

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Thursday, August 23, 8:00 – 9:00 a.m. BMP CASE STUDIES I Governor’s Square 11 B71 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Street Sweeping Pilot Studies Bring Program Improvements to San Diego Clem Brown, City of San Diego, CA Bryn Evans, URS Corporation, La Jolla, CA The city of San Diego, through a series of pilot projects, is working to optimize its current street sweeping program to efficiently remove pollutants from roadways. Each phase of the project assesses modifications to current street sweeping practices, such as increased sweeping frequency, to determine the relative pollutant removal and cost efficiency of advanced sweeper technologies and sweeping techniques. The overall program goal is to identify and implement the most cost-efficient combination of practices and technologies to maximize pollutant reductions. The pilot project phases have yielded interesting and encouraging results, which are presented here. BMP CASE STUDIES II Governor’s Square 14 B73 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Utilizing Flocculant-Enhanced Decanting Filter System for Stormwater Sediment Control Bo Liu, Mid-Atlantic Stormwater Research Center, Mount Airy, MD Clay particles are the primary cause of turbidity in construction runoff, and contaminants can also bind to the particles’ surface. Various flocculation agents can be used to reduce turbidity. This presentation describes a system that uses a microprocessor-controlled flocculation dosing station coupled to a rain gauge; rainfall data enables determination of anticipated runoff volume to a basin, and flocculation of the turbid runoff and associated settlement are initiated. A description of the system’s operation, test results, and safety features are presented. B74 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Retrofitting Existing Maintenance Facilities to Control Stormwater Management Thomas Repp, City of Colorado Springs, CO MS4 permits require pollution prevention and good housekeeping practices for diverse municipal operations, which can include asphalt milling stockpiling, wood chipping for parks, salt and sanding operations, street sweeping operations, and refueling islands for municipal vehicles. The city of Colorado Springs has been retrofitting facilities for the past few years with an emphasis on retaining point-source pollutants, the byproducts of municipal operations. Techniques range from simple approaches for stabilizing windblown debris from chipping operations to implementing secondary containment at fueling islands and magnesium chloride storage facilities. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Governor’s Square 16 G71 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Onondaga County’s Green CSO Program: Successfully Implementing 50 Green Infrastructure Projects in 2011 Andrew Potts, CH2M Hill, Philadelphia, PA Dan Wible, CH2M Hill, Philadelphia, PA This presentation focuses on the design and construction of green infrastructure projects to reduce combined sewer overflows in Onondaga County, including porous pavements, infiltration trenches, vegetated roofs, green streets, rainwater harvesting, wetlands, enhanced tree plantings, capture and slow release, and others. It also highlights the different techniques used for similar types of projects. The effort is part of “Project 50” to demonstrate the community’s ability to achieve widespread implementation of green infrastructure projects through the development, design, and construction of over 50 projects in one year. A program overview with progress graphs of estimated stormwater volume reduction and construction costs and a Project 50 summary are included. G72 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Successful BMP Design: “It Takes a Village” Matthew Schlageter, Martin/Martin Inc., Lakewood, CO Phil Krieble, Martin/Martin Inc., Lakewood, CO In 2007 the Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory initiated an aggressive RFP for teams to design and construct a LEED Platinum office building to create a showcase of energy efficiency and sustainability that can be replicated by private developments. This challenge produced a team partnership that resulted in a highly creative stormwater conveyance and filtration design. From the time stormwater is collected, it is filtered up to five different times prior to leaving the campus. These added filtration elements increase infiltration, optimize sediment removal efficiency, and create the opportunities for user collaboration and dual use. Instead of piping, the design team implemented commonly used techniques such as bioswales, porous pavements, a tiered detention pond design, and open channels to create a successful filtration in series approach. The design implemented underdrains and bioswales, resulting in the ability to reduce traditional storm sewer installation by approximately 57% and create a project that has won over 25 design awards to date.

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STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT I Governor’s Square 15 P71 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Creating a Stormwater Authority: How the Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority of Colorado Became a Reality Kyle Hamilton, CH2M Hill, Englewood, CO John McCarty, Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority, Englewood, CO As stormwater regulations and the need for additional stormwater management increased in Arapahoe County, CO, a change was needed in how stormwater was managed and funded. This presentation provides an overview of how the Southeast Metro Stormwater Authority of Colorado was established, beginning with a review of the legal ability to form an authority in Colorado and an analysis of funding needed to meet current and anticipated stormwater needs. It also covers public meetings and relations, staff development, establishing office space, health and welfare benefits and retirement plans, customer service, policy setting, website creation, program development, design and construction procedures, and more, including lessons learned and recommendations for other communities considering establishing a stormwater agency. P72 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Planning and Design Concepts for Stormwater Utility Billing Carrie McCrea, AMEC Earth and Infrastructure, Denver, CO Dedicated stormwater program funding in the form of stormwater utility service fees can be an excellent source of revenue, but designing a rate structure and billing system can be a bewildering process. What will be the basis for fees? What assumptions can and cannot be made? How do you ensure equity? How will the billing and collection process work? What will the customer and fee databases look like? Does the right information exist to create the system envisioned? This presentation provides an overview of the stormwater utility concept and basic fee options, focusing on methods for effectively designing a fee database and invoice/collection system. It provides guidance on billing considerations and planning efforts including major tasks and timelines. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT II Governor’s Square 12 P73 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. It Looked So Good on Paper—What Went Wrong? How Lack of Maintenance Can Ruin the Best of Plans Jeff Benty, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN Stormwater BMPs are a bit like dumpsters, air conditioning filters, or perhaps aquarium filters—they are all designed to remove, absorb, or retain things, and they will fill up over time. A BMP that’s not being cleaned or renewed is sure to become a source of pollution over time, yet very few BMPs are being properly maintained or even inspected. It’s as though people believe the pollutants are being magically removed every night by the pollutant gnomes. Proper maintenance is important to the entire water-quality industry and the global watershed; this presentation shows examples of how poor maintenance leads to failure and how to implement good maintenance procedures. P74 8:30 – 9:00 a.m. Enforcement of Stormwater BMP Maintenance: The Forgotten Element in Improving Water Quality Greg Kent, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN Craig Beatty, Stormwater Equipment Manufacturers Association, St. Paul, MN This presentation addresses concepts for municipalities’ adoption of maintenance requirements for proprietary and non-proprietary BMPs, along with methods for enforcing these requirements. The importance of maintenance to assure the efficacy of any stormwater treatment system will be reviewed, using real-life examples. Several municipal initiatives from different regions will be presented, as well as resources that can help municipalities. Sample ordinances, sample enforcement action letters, and BMP inspection checklists are included.

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Thursday, August 23, 9:30 – 11:00 a.m. BMP CASE STUDIES Governor’s Square 14 B81 9:30 – 10:00 a.m. Stabilizing Marcy Gulch: A Case Study on the Importance of Stream Stabilization in Urban Watershed Management in the Denver Metro Area Derek Johns, Muller Engineering Company Inc., Lakewood, CO Laura Kroeger, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, CO Forrest Dykstra, Highlands Ranch Metro District, Highlands Ranch, CO Andy Pultorak, Muller Engineering Company Inc., Lakewood, CO In the Denver metropolitan area, channel erosion and degradation have threatened the healthy functions in a number of streams; in some cases in-stream erosion has become the dominant source of sediment and pollutants in the watershed. Stabilizing and restoring streams in the area has become a critical BMP measure. This presentation describes the stabilization measures undertaken on Marcy Gulch, an upland tributary of the South Platte River. B82 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Natural Channel Design-Based Restoration and Enhancement: The Final BMP for Urban and Suburban Streams Lee Forbes, Kellogg Brown and Root Services Inc., Metairie, LA Many communities have developed in alluvial valleys, and the streams and rivers in these watersheds are evolving in response to anthropogenic hydromodification, including incision and widening. Current BMPs do not correct these problems or address the massive sediment loads and associated biochemical pollutants from failing channel banks. This presentation makes the case that stream restoration and enhancement based on fluvial geomorphology and natural channel design is the ultimate BMP for urban and suburban streams toward attainment of water-quality objectives. Fundamentals of fluvial geomorphology are described and compared to traditional stormwater open-channel infrastructure. Common channel failure mechanisms are examined. Natural channel design methodologies are presented in the context of a “new design goal”—hydrodynamically stable channels. B83 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. I-10 and US 27 Reconstruction Case Study, Tallahassee, FL Wayne Toothman, Leon County Board of County Commissioners, Tallahassee, FL A $60 million Florida project called for widening two highways and related work, including constructing eight new retention ponds and other stormwater facilities. Control and collection of stormwater were essential to protect Lake Jackson, a “Florida Outstanding Water.” The project’s terrain and varied site conditions added to the challenge and provided an opportunity to test a wide variety of BMPs to determine the best application for each, including sediment basins, gabion rock dams, hay bales, wattles, inlet covers, PAM, and erosion control matting. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE I Governor’s Square 16 G81 9:30 – 10:00 a.m. Modeling Watershed Benefits of Green Infrastructure for Various Levels of Development Jennifer Walker, Watearth, Houston, TX/Oakland, CA This presentation focuses on modeling for a project using a GIS-based Low Impact Development Siting Tool developed for the San Francisco Bay region. Although standard decision tables often indicate various LID tools are applicable for certain physical characteristics, few recognize the varying degrees of applicability. The GIS database and decision support system use fuzzy logic to determine areas suitable for different techniques within the region: bioretention, vegetated swales, permeable pavement, stormwater wetlands, and wet ponds. The site selection tool includes depths to groundwater and to bedrock, slopes, liquefaction risk, soil type, land use, impervious cover, and buffers from contaminated sites. G82 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Low-Impact Development Facility Sizing Tool to Address Hydromodification and Water Quality Jim Harper, Brown and Caldwell, Portland, OR Leah Johanson, Clackamas County Water Environment Services, Oregon City, OR Clackamas County Water Environment Services created the first simplified tool for development engineers that addresses hydromodification impacts in Oregon to streamline the use of LID. This presentation provides background on the key issues in defining the agency’s approach and the justification and decisions that help define that approach. The Hydromodification and LID Sizing Tool, downloadable from the county’s website, assists development engineers and municipal review staff in the analysis and design of stormwater management facilities. Given basic input data such as drainage area and soil/land cover, it assists in the sizing of LID facilities that address both hydromodification and water-quality treatment requirements. G83 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Stormwater and Green Infrastructure: Tools for Understanding Urban Forest Benefits Ian Hanou, AMEC Earth and Environmental, Denver, CO Richard Thurau, AMEC Earth and Environmental, Denver, CO

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Urban foresters and other natural resource managers know that trees and other vegetation in cities provide stormwater and water-quality benefits, but the engineering practice of hydrologic modeling has not traditionally focused on the urban forestry community. A variety of models can be used to better represent, describe, and estimate water processes that can influence policy, decision-making, and funding. This presentation describes benefits that trees provide in urban settings and focuses on the options, factors, costs, and resources involved in this type of modeling. Four stormwater models will be addressed using real-world case studies from different parts of the country. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE II Governor’s Square 12 G84 9:30 – 10:00 a.m. Integrating Stormwater Runoff Quantity and Quality Requirements Daniel Ahern, Beaufort County Stormwater Utility, Beaufort, SC Robert Klink, Beaufort County, SC Beaufort County adopted water-quality control requirements in its 1998 BMP manual, and the county saw a 30% increase in population through 2009 with no additional water-quality impairments. Further control requirements were considered in 2009 when the state restricted shellfish harvesting in a section of the May River; monitoring suggested stormwater runoff volume, rather than water quality, was contributing to an increase in fecal coliform bacteria levels. The BMP manual and development regulations have been modified to add runoff quantity control requirements to mimic predevelopment hydrology. This presentation examines the modifications, including runoff control goals, determination of runoff reduction associated with various BMPs, and development of tools to evaluate compliance. G85 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Integrating Green Infrastructure Into Seattle’s CSO Program Dustin Atchison, CH2M Hill, Bellevue, WA This presentation summarizes Seattle’s early efforts to control combined sewer overflows through completed green infrastructure pilot projects, demonstrates the methods used, and describes evaluation of potential effectiveness of green infrastructure to reduce CSO volumes outside the pilot project through completed basin modeling. Seattle aims to incorporate green infrastructure into the CSO reduction program wherever feasible and cost effective. G86 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Trillium Site Stream Corridor Restoration Project, St. Paul, MN Bob Fossum, Capitol Region Watershed District, St. Paul, MN Mark Doneux, Capitol Region Watershed District, St. Paul, MN The city of St. Paul plans to develop a new Trillium Nature Sanctuary in a 41-acre brownfield, including re-creating a new stream segment running the length of the park with associated wetlands and ponds. The new stream segment will approximate the location of Trout Brook, which was placed in a storm sewer below grade in the late 1800s. Several sources for water features on the site were analyzed, and the preferred option is a combination of harvesting stormwater from an adjacent residential neighborhood and construction of a gravity flow pipe from an upstream pond and Trout Brook Storm Sewer. The completed system will provide critical functions for biological habitat, and the site will be used for educational and wildlife appreciation activities. STORMWATER PROGRAM MANAGEMENT Governor’s Square 15 P81 9:30 – 10:00 a.m. Simplifying Stormwater Permitting for Maintenance Activities and Small Projects in Waterways in Denver, CO Hayes Lenhart, Wright Water Engineers, Denver, CO Chris McFarland, City and County of Denver, CO Michael Sarmento, Urban Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, CO Many of the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District’s maintenance activities and small projects require permit coverage because of their proximity to waterways, and UDFCD was faced with the time and expense of preparing many stormwater management plans for similar construction/maintenance activities and BMPs. Wright Water Engineers and UDFCD worked with the city and county of Denver to streamline the stormwater permitting process for these types of activities and projects by creating a standardized stormwater management approach, including an “umbrella SWMP” with a standard set of typical drawings illustrating BMP installation for a variety of maintenance activities and a site-specific form to identify site characteristics and BMPs to be used. P82 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Putting Research, Education, and Management to Work at the Washington Stormwater Center Tanyalee Erwin, Washington Stormwater Center, Puyallup, WA In 2009 Washington state established the new Washington Stormwater Center for stormwater management and education, bridging the gap between regulation and real-world implementation. The Center is co-directed by Washington State University – Puyallup and University of Washington – Tacoma and provides a framework for reducing, treating, and managing stormwater with special attention to the unique attributes and criteria of local watersheds. Through its management of the TAPE process, it helps create new and emerging technologies based on sound science from its national review board.

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P83 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. City of Fort Worth Innovative Water-Quality Program for the Effective Implementation of BMPs Aiza Jose, Brown & Gay Engineers Inc., Frisco, TX The city of Fort Worth has developed a twofold approach for implementing BMPs. First, the city launched a pilot study to monitor and test the efficiency and operability of diverse BMPs. Second, it is working closely with design engineers, developers, contractors, and owners of key development projects to incorporate water-quality improvement controls, using the stormwater fee credits policy as an incentive. BMPs encouraged by the stormwater credit program include water-quality treatment facilities, inlet trash and sediment control, parking lot sweeping, student education, and Adopt-A-Creek programs. ADVANCED RESEARCH TOPICS Governor’s Square 11 R81 9:30 – 10:00 a.m. Case Studies of Performance Monitoring of Infiltration BMPs Kelly Isaacson, Daniel B. Stephens and Associates Inc., Albuquerque, NM Gundar Peterson, Daniel B. Stephens and Associates Inc., Albuquerque, NM Localized and large-scale infiltration systems to facilitate recharge of stormwater runoff are increasingly popular BMPs to capture high-runoff flows. Monitoring the performance of these systems can provide insight into timing and causes of performance degradation, helping to plan maintenance. This presentation includes case studies involving performance monitoring to quantify infiltration rates and identify time to clogging at multiple sites. R82 10:00 – 10:30 a.m. Clogging of Porous Asphalt and Pervious Concrete Parking Lots Masoud Kayhanian, University of California, Davis, CA Results of permeability measurements from 20 pervious concrete and three porous asphalt parking lots throughout California are presented. Results show that there is large variation in permeability within each lot and between different lots; the age of the lot and fine sediment mass are the predominant factors influencing permeability; porosity of upper surface core samples is generally lower; lower porosity appears to be limited to the top 25-mm layer; and measured permeability is generally higher than the 100-year rainfall intensity, so with regular maintenance these parking lots should be able to perform hydraulically with no surface overflow. R83 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. Physical Modeling and Evaluation of Hydraulic Efficiencies for Colorado Department of Transportation Type C and D Median Inlets Amanda Cox, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO A research program evaluated the performance of two highway median storm drain inlets used by the Urban Drainage and Flood Control District and the Colorado Department of Transportation. A 3:1 Froude-scale model of a highway median was constructed, and six types of inlet configurations were tested. A total of 120 hydraulic tests including 24 debris tests were performed. Details of the testing and results are presented.