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Storage Networking Strategic Decision-Making. Randy Kerns Evaluator Group, Inc. www.evaluatorgroup.com. Agenda. Recap – What you’ve heard Storage Networking Definition, what problem is being solved Differing Solutions SAN – FC, IP (iSCSI, iFCP, FCIP) NAS Framework For Decision-Making - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Agenda
Recap – What you’ve heard• Storage Networking
• Definition, what problem is being solved
• Differing Solutions• SAN – FC, IP (iSCSI, iFCP, FCIP)• NAS
Framework For Decision-Making• Evaluation
• Requirements based on market segment• Where proposed solutions best fit• Considerations for your environment
• Roadmap for choosing storage networking solution• Methodology to approach problem
Storage Networking
Definition – from SNIA• The practice of creating, installing, administering, or
using networks whose primary purpose is the
transfer of data between computer systems and
storage elements and among storage elements.
What problems are being solved• Near-term: consolidation, backup
• Wider-view: storage growth
Different Solutions
Storage Area Networks• Fibre channel based
• Fabric switched network for SANs– High bandwidth – 1, 2 Gb/s now, 10 Gb/s mid 2002– Low latency – hardware intensive implementation– Block I/O – SCSI as ULP for fibre channel
• Interoperability – Solved with significant investment from vendors– Independent lab and certification underway– Maturing – significant deployment
• Major vendors – Products– Commitment for long term
• Management and the abstraction of storage
Different Solutions
Storage Area Networks• IP based
• Over Ethernet with TCPIP encapsulation for most
• Various methods – proposals for standards
– Block I/O via encapsulation
» iSCSI
– Tunneling
» iFCP
» FCIP
• Targeting OLTP at higher transaction rate than
NAS
Different Solutions
Storage Area Networks• IP based – iSCSI - uses SCSI commands over IP
• Target is to provide block I/O using Ethernet infrastructure
• No mechanism in Ethernet/IP to allow for command-response structure of SCSI• SCSI is block oriented storage interface• Uses a software driver to control SCSI protocol
• Ethernet / IP has network characteristics• No flow control – drops packets on congestion• Packet size is limited – get smaller as contention increases• iSCSI attempts to work within these constraints
• iSCSI standard proposes to encapsulate SCSI on TCP
• Many vendors – some haven’t been in storage before
Different Solutions
Storage Area Networks• IP based – iFCP, internet Fibre Channel Protocol
• Transfers FCP across IP networks• Gateways used to encapsulate FCP on IP• Useful for extended distances for FC connections• Translates FC frame addresses to new local IP address
– ‘Transparent’ view of storage devices– Connects FC devices to TCP/IP backbone
• IP based – FCIP, Fibre Channel Internet Protocol• Tunneling FCP across IP• Gateways/switches act as E-port extenders• Useful for SAN to SAN linkage over extended distances• Does not change FC address of frames between SANs
– Makes a large SAN with single address space
Different Solutions
Storage Area Networks• InfiniBand
• Developing technology to replace PCI in servers
• Will extend from server to fabric
– Connect storage, networks, etc.
– Switch / routers will be initial connect
• Question is: when will native InfiniBand devices
appear?
• Infrastructure change – will happen
– Probably 5 years to reach into storage
Different SolutionsNetwork Attached
Storage• NAS Appliances
• Remote file serving
• Clustering option
• Starting to see
abstraction within
same vendor
solutions
Application
Rem oteFile System
DiskSystem
Netw ork Attached Storage
Com puterSystem
Local Area Netw ork
FileRedirector
NAS Device
Different Solutions
Network Attached
Storage• DAFS
• VI based
• Remote DMA
• File-based access
• Targeting OLTP at higher
transaction rate than NAS
• YE2001 availability
VIPL API
File Access API
Buffers
Application
DAFS
VIPL
VI NICDriver
VI NIC
User
Kernel
Hardware
Data
Control
Different Solutions
Convergence –
blurring of the
lines• Gateway – NAS “head”
• Connect to SAN
storage
• Benefits of scaling
storage,
administration
D isk a rray
LAN
NetworkAttachedStorageServer
SAN Fibre C hannelL ink
for storage,backup/restore
Different Solutions
Convergence –
blurring of the
lines• Metadata server
solutions
• NAS control for
access
• SAN block I/O for
data
to achieve high
performanceMetadata Server
Servers
SAN
Disk array
File Request
Location Information
Block I/O
Disk array
LAN
Different Solutions
Convergence –
blurring of the
lines• Distributed SAN file
systems
• SAN data can be
local file system
Cluster Vol Cluster Vol
Host B Host C
Cluster Vol
Host A
SAN
ClusterFile System
ClusterFile System
ClusterFile System
Cluster Sfw Cluster Sfw Cluster Sfw
Single File System Common file system on shared storage Highly available
Application transparent
Framework for Decision making
Evaluation• Understand your requirements
• Business
• Technical
• Understand the vendor offerings
• Targeted at a specific market segment
• Characteristics may not fit your requirements
• Need to have long-term view
Markets
NAS
SAN
NAS
SAN
Enterprise
Departm ental
SAN
W ork Group
SAN
NAS
NAS
Traditional IT New e-Business
Storage Service Providers
Professional Services
Today's Bifurcated Storage MarketProliferation of SAN and NAS
Entry
M id
Large
Requirements by Segment
Enterprise DataCenter• Reliability – 100% availability of data
• Guaranteed performance – response time, data rate
• Scalability – capacity and performance
• Security – guaranteed and provable
• Long-term support from vendor
• Tools for storage and performance management
• Integration into mature procedural environment
Requirements by SegmentDepartmental (Small Business) /
Workgroup• Cost
• Simple administration
• Quick ROI
• Multi vendor: server, OS, storage systems
New E-business• Cost
• Simple administration
• Potential large capacity
• Availability by replication
• Mature into traditional IT environment
Where Does Solution Best Fit
Enterprise DataCenter• FC-based SANs
• High performance, highly scalable
• Designed for storage – fits requirements for
enterprise storage
• Security implementation / control familiar to
storage professionals
• Significant deployment in enterprise
(Fortune 1000 companies)
• NAS
• Appliances in mainly R/O environments
• Metadata server in file sharing / performance
environments
Where Does Solution Best Fit
Departmental (Small Business) /
Workgroup• IP based SANs
• May be least cost
• Few storage-only professionals (normally system
administrators with multiple responsibilities)
• Perception of simplicity
• NAS
• Appliances
• SAN file systems
• Gateway
• FC based SANs
• Complete solutions without major installation effort
Where Does Solution Best Fit
New E-business• In SSP and professional service installed / managed
environments: FC based SANs
• IP-based SANs for existing and growth environments
• NAS
• Appliances
• Gateway
• All of the above
Other Considerations
Considerations for your environment• Will there be multiple storage networks?
• Independent?
• Distance
• What information needs to flow?
• What are the bandwidth, response time
requirements?
• Plan for the future
• Growth
• Additional requirements
– Security
– applications
Storage Network LinkageEnterprise to Enterprise
• Data migration over extended distances
• Performance requirements and distance dictate
connection
• Transfer over IP
– Multiple solutions
• ATM, other tunneling solutions
• Business continuance
• Remote copy – critical performance characteristic
drive connection topology
• SAN may be utilized by storage system to storage
system copy (example PPRC)
• System-level issue not just data movement
Storage Network LinkageEnterprise to Enterprise
b bbbFC
SANIP
InfrastructureSw itch /Router
Server Server
S torage S torage
FCSANSw itch /
Router
Server Server
S torage S torage
MAN / WAN
Storage Network Linkage
Departmental to Enterprise• Data distribution, upload, etc.
• Data protection
• Dynamic access based on demand frequency
• IP or FC based – depends on economics,
performance, administration, etc.
• Distance required – campus based vs. extended
distance
• Centralized management, security, etc.
Storage Network Linkage
Departmental to Enterprise
b bbbFC
SANIP
InfrastructureSw itch /Router
S erver S erver
S torage S torage
IPSANSw itch /
Router
S erver S erver
S torage S torage
MAN / WAN
Enterprise Operation Departmental Operation
Roadmap for Making Decisions Determine strategic
business requirements
• business environment dictates
requirements
Determine storage capacity
and expected growth
• benefit for implementing
storage network
• management costs with growth
Current operational
changes required
• short term and long term
• staffing and infrastructure
Getting StartedMake an informed
decision: use a solution
provider or roll your own
• expertise required
• who do you call when there
is a problem
• who’s going to manage this
• who guarantees it and will
make good
Become educated in
either case
Deployment Consider a phased
implementation
• new technology
introduction requires
learning curve
• asset protection
• ease of integration
• minimize risk
Start building
infrastructure
• physical plant
• skilled staff
Deployment Start with simple
configuration
• bring online first as shake-out
• make it local
• use the storage management
software chosen
• ensure common reporting
mechanisms
• make sure it works from the
console you’ve chosen
Build larger configuration
when satisfied
Get guarantee of
interoperability!!!
Deployment Test
• failure modes
• addition to capacity
• addition of servers
• addition of switches and
hubs
• service / maintenance
(7X24)
• performance
• normal operations
• degraded
• limits
• backup
• restore
Deployment
If solution provider is
also a storage vendor
- test replacement of
their storage device
with a competitor
Review your
management choice –
it is the most
important one to
make
Summary Many different solutions
• Many from companies with no experience in storage products
• Great deal of hype and mis-information now
One size does not fit all• Differing requirements
• Economics matter• Administration value• Extensibility – handle growth
Linking Storage Networks is important planning requirement• Multiple organizations involved
Critical decision for your company – choose wisely