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Steven O’Day1, F. Stephen Hodi2, David McDermott3, Robert Weber4, Jeffrey Sosman5, John Haanen6, Xiaoping
Zhu7, Michael Yellin7, Axel Hoos8, Walter J. Urba9
A phase III, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study comparing monotherapy
with ipilimumab or gp100 peptide vaccine and the combination in patients with previously
treated, unresectable stage III or IV melanoma
Study MDX010-20
1The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Santa Monica, CA; 2Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; 3Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 4Saint Mary's Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; 5Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; 6The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 7Medarex Inc., Bloomsbury, NJ; 8Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Wallingford, CT; 9Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR
2
Disclosures
Bristol-Myers Squibb
– Non-paid Consultant
– Research Funding
– Advisory Board
– Speakers Bureau
3
Metastatic Melanoma
Rapidly rising global incidence
– Young age at onset
Poor prognosis, limited therapeutic options
– 1-year survival ~25%; 2-year survival ~10%1
No approved therapies for pretreated pts
No randomized clinical trial has ever demonstrated survival benefit
1Korn EL et al. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:527-534
4
Ipilimumab in Treatment of Cancer
CTLA-4:
– Downregulates T-cell activation
Ipilimumab:
– Fully human monoclonal antibody
– Blocks CTLA-4 receptor
– Potentiates T cell activation
Korman, Peggs and Allison: Adv. In Immunol 2006;90:297-339
5
Ipilimumab: Mechanism of Action
T cell
TCRCTLA4
APC
MHCB7
T-cell inhibition
T cell
TCR
CTLA4
APC
MHC B7
T-cell activation
T cell
TCR
CTLA4
APC
MHC B7
T-cell potentiation
IPILIMUMABblocksCTLA-4
CD28CD28
6
Ipilimumab: Phase II Experience Ipilimumab monotherapy
– 20–30% durable disease control and 2-year survival1,2
Mechanism-based side effects– Immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs)– Onset predominantly in first 12 weeks– Management with vigilant follow-up and
early steroids required
Ipilimumab + vaccine combinations explored
1O’Day SJ et al. Ann Oncol 2010; Feb; 2Wolchok JD et al. Lancet Oncol 2010; 11(2):155-164
7
gp100 Vaccine Control
HLA-A*0201 restricted
T-cell specific immune responses
Rare objective clinical response
Combination with IL-2 in metastatic melanoma (ASCO, 2009)– Improved Response Rate, PFS
Active control arm for present study
8
MDX010-20: Patient Eligibility Inclusion
– Pre-treated stage III or IV melanoma– HLA-A*0201 positive– Pre-treated CNS metastases allowed– Any LDH level
Exclusion– No autoimmune disease– No prior therapy with anti-CTLA-4 antibody– No prior therapy with anti-cancer vaccine
9
MDX010-20: Study Design
RANDOMIZE
Pre-treatedMetastaticMelanoma
(N=676)(N=137)
(N=136)
(N=403)
gp100 + placebo
Ipilimumab + placebo
Ipilimumab + gp100
10
MDX010-20: Study Design Details
Accrual: September 2004 – July, 2008– 125 Centers in 13 Countries
Randomized (3:1:1), Double-Blind
Stratified for M-Stage and prior IL-2
Induction – Ipilimumab: 3 mg/kg q 3 weeks X 4 doses– gp100: 1mg q 3 weeks X 4 doses
Re-induction (same regimen) in eligible patients
11
Statistical Considerations Primary Endpoint
– Original: BORR (N=750)
– Changed to OS (Jan. 2009) before unblinding
Primary Comparison
– Ipilimumab + gp100 vs gp100 (3:1)
– 385 events required
– 90% power to detect: 10.8 vs 8.6 months OS
Secondary Comparison
– Ipilimumab vs gp100 (1:1)
– 219 observed events
– 80% power
12
Balanced Baseline Characteristics
Ipi + gp100N=403
Ipi + pboN=137
gp100 + pboN=136
Age (years)
Mean 55.6 56.8 57.4
Gender (%)
Male 61 59 54
Female 39 41 46
M Stage (%)
M0 1 0.7 3
M1a 9 10 8
M1b 19 16 17
M1c 71 73 72
13
Ipi + gp100N=403
Ipi + pboN=137
gp100 + pboN=136
ECOG PS (%)
0 58 53 52
1 41 47 45
2 1 0.7 3
3 0.2 0 0
LDH (%)
≤ ULN 63 61 60
ULN 37 39 38
CNS metastases (%) 11 11 15
Balanced Baseline Characteristics
14
Kaplan-Meier Analysis of Survival
Ipi + gp100 (A)Ipi + gp100 (A)Ipi alone (B) Ipi alone (B)
gp100 alone (C)gp100 alone (C)
11 22 33 44YearsYears
Comparison HR Comparison HR pp-value-value Arms A vs. C 0.68 0.0004Arms A vs. C 0.68 0.0004 Arms B vs. C 0.66 0.0026Arms B vs. C 0.66 0.0026
15
Ipi + gp100 gp100 + pbo P-value
Primary Comparison
N 403 136
0.0004
Number of deaths
306 119
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
0.68(0.55, 0.85)
Median OS,
Month (95% CI)
10.0
(8.5,11.5)
6.4
(5.5, 8.7)
Ipilimumab + gp100 Improves Overall Survival vs gp100 alone
16
Ipi + pbo gp100 + pbo P-value
Secondary Comparison
N 137 136
0.0026
Number of deaths 100 119
Hazard ratio
(95% CI)0.66 (0.51, 0.87)
Median OS,
Month (95% CI)10.1
(8.0,13.8)
6.4
(5.5, 8.7)
Ipilimumab alone Improves Overall Survival Compared to gp100
17
Addition of gp100 Vaccine Did Not Improve Overall Survival
Ipi + gp100 Ipi + pbo P-value
Secondary Comparison
N 403 137
0.7575
Number of deaths
306 100
Hazard ratio
(95% CI)1.04 (0.83, 1.30)
Median OS, Month (95% CI)
10.0
(8.5, 11.5)
10.1
(8.0,13.8)
18
Survival Rate Ipi + gp100 N=403
Ipi + pbo N=137
gp100 + pbo N=136
1 year 44% 46% 25%
2 year 22% 24% 14%
Kaplan-Meier Analysis of SurvivalIpi + gp100 (A)Ipi + gp100 (A)Ipi alone (B) Ipi alone (B)
gp100 alone (C)gp100 alone (C)
1 2 3 4Years
19 = 1st tumor assessment as per protocol
PFS: Impact of Both Ipilimumab Regimens vs gp100
Ipi + gp100 (A)Ipi + gp100 (A)Ipi alone (B) Ipi alone (B)
gp100 alone (C)gp100 alone (C)
1 2 3 4Years
ComparisonComparison Hazard Ratio (C.I.) Hazard Ratio (C.I.) pp-value-value Arms A vs Arms A vs C 0.81 (0.66–1.00) 0.0464 C 0.81 (0.66–1.00) 0.0464Arms B vs C 0.64 (0.50–0.83) 0.0007Arms B vs C 0.64 (0.50–0.83) 0.0007Arms A vs Arms A vs B 1.25 (1.01–1.53) 0.0371 B 1.25 (1.01–1.53) 0.0371
20
Ipilimumab Improves Best Objective Response Rate (BORR)
Arm AIpi + gp100
N=403
Arm BIpi + pbo
N=137
Arm Cgp100 + pbo
N=136
BORR, % 5.7 10.9 1.5
P-value: A vs C 0.0433
P-value: B vs C 0.0012
DCR‡, % 20.1 28.5 11.0
P-value: A vs C 0.0179
P-value: B vs C 0.0002
‡Disease control rate: percentage of patients with CR, PR, or SD
21
Summary of Safety Events
% of PatientsIpi + gp100
N=380Ipi + pbo
N=131gp100 + pbo
N=132
Any adverse event (AE) 98.4 96.9 97.0
Treatment - related
Any AE88.9 80.2 78.8
Treatment - related
Grade 3/4 AE17.4 22.9 11.4
Treatment - related Deaths
2.1 3.1 1.5
22
Most Common Immune-Related Adverse Events* (irAEs; All Grades)
% of Patients
irAEIpi + gp100
N=380Ipi + pbo
N=131gp100 + pbo
N=132
All grades
Any 58.2 61.1 31.8
Dermatologic 40.0 43.5 16.7
GI 32.1 29.0 14.4
Endocrine 3.9 7.6 1.5
Hepatic 2.1 3.8 4.5*Across entire study duration
23
Most Common Immune-Related Adverse Events* (Grades 3, 4 & 5)
% of Patients
irAEIpi + gp100
N=380Ipi + pbo
N=131gp100 + pbo
N=132Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 3 Grade 4
Any 9.7 0.5 12.2 2.3 3.0 0
Dermatologic 2.1 0.3 1.5 0 0 0
GI 5.3 0.5 7.6 0 0.8 0
Endocrine 1.1 0 2.3 1.5 0 0
Hepatic 1.1 0 0 0 2.3 0
Death due to irAE
1.3 1.5 0
*Across entire study duration
24
Summary of MDX010-20 Data
First randomized phase III trial to show survival improvement in metastatic melanoma (HR=0.66, 0.68)
Superior OS in two independent comparisons of ipilimumab vs gp100
Survival rates in the ipilimumab arms– 1 year: 44%, 46% – 2 years: 22%, 24%
Consistent superiority of ipilimumab for all secondary efficacy endpoints– PFS, BORR, DCR
25
Summary of MDX010-20 Data
The addition of gp100 vaccine to ipilimumab:
– Reduced PFS, BORR & DCR
– No influence on safety
– No influence on OS
26
Summary of MDX010-20 Data
Ipilimumab related toxicity:– Mechanism-based, immune-related toxicity
• Management with vigilant follow-up and early steroids is required
– Rate of Grade 3/4 toxicity:• Treatment-related: 17%, 23%• Immune-related: 10%, 15%
– Deaths• Treatment-related: 2.1%, 3.1%• Immune-related: 1.3%, 1.5%
27
Conclusions
Ipilimumab represents a new class of T-cell potentiators and an important advance for the field of immuno-oncology
Further development of ipilimumab is ongoing
– Diversification to a variety of cancer types and settings
– Alternative combination regimens
– Refinements in dose and schedule
28
Acknowledgments Many Thanks to the 676 Patients Enrolled on Study MDX010-20!!
INVESTIGATORS:
Argentina:M. Chacón, L. Koliren, G.L. Lerzo, R.L. Santos
Belgium: A. Awada, V. Cocquyt, J. Kerger, J. Thomas, T. Velu;
Brazil: C. Barrios, C. Dzik, M. Federico, J. Hohmann, M. Liberrati, A. Lima, G. Schwartsmann, J. Segalla;
Canada: T. Baetz, T. Cheng, D. Hogg, W. Miller, I. Quart, S. Rorke, S. Verma, R. Wong;
Chile: H. Harbst, P. Gonzalez-Mella
France:
F. Cambazard, O. Dereure, B. Dreno, L. Geoffrois, J-J. Grob, C. Lebbe, T. Lesimple, S. Négrier, N. Penel, C. Robert, A. Thyss
Germany: J.C. Becker, J. Freise, C. Garbe, J. C. Hassel, U. Keilholz, H. Naeher, C. Peschel, D. Schadendorf G. Shuler, U. Trefzer, J. Welzel
Hungary: Z. Karolyi
Netherlands:
R.L.H. Jansen, Alfons J. M. van den Eertwegh
South Africa:
G.L. Cohen, J.I. Raats, D.A. Vorobiof
Switzerland:
R. Dummer, O. Michielin
United Kingdom: J. Barber, S. Danson, M. Gore, S. Houston, C.G. Kelly, P. Lorigan, M. Middleton, C. Ottensmeier, P.M. Patel, E. Rankin
United States of America: M. Adler, T. Amatruda, A. Amin, C. Anderson, L. Blakely, E. Borden, S. Burdette-Radoux, R. Chapman, J. Chesney, J. Clark, A. Cohn, F.A. Collichio, G. Daniels, J. Drabick, J.A. Figueroa, J. Fleagle, R. Gonzales, J. Goydos, N. Haas, E. Hersh, H.L. Kaufman, K.D. Khan, A. Khurshid, J.M. Kirkwood, J.J. Kirshner, H. Kluger, D. Lawrence, D. Lawson, P.D. Leming, G. Linette, J. Lutzky, K. Margolin, M. Mastrangelo, B. Mirtsching, W. Paroly, A.L. Pecora, D. Pham, R. Rangineni, N. Rothschild, D. Schwartzentruber, M. Scola, W.H. Sharfman, J.J. Stephenson, N.S. Tchekmedyian, J. Wade, A. Wallace, M. Wax, J. Weber, A. Weeks, J. D. Wolchok, J.L. Zapas.
SPONSORS:
BMS: R.W. Humphrey
MEDAREX:
G. Nichol, D. McDonald, S. Fischkoff, J. Tian
A. Bhattacharya (BMS: Medical Writing)