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Residue – Bad Reputation in 2015
Late Corn Harvest in Fall of 2014
2 Frost Events in May 2015
Corn Injury – esp May 23rd
Replanting Early Planted Soys
Black Dirt Guys Never Skipped a Beat
Did the Equivalent of Going Back to Our Old Cheating
Boyfriend / Girlfriend (The Plow)
We Know It’s Not Healthy,
But We Can Predict the Result.
We Need Organic Matter, Starts as Residue – Crops & Cover Crops
Organic Matter (The Soil Sponge):
Stores and Releases Water as Needed
Stores and Releases Nitrogen and Other Nutrients
Prevents Compaction
Reduces Puddling and Surface Sealing
Can’t Buy It… We Earn It.
Organic Matter
1) Quit Burning it Off With Tillage
2) Grow More High Residue Crops – Corn, Cereals
3) Perennial Forages – Root Mass/No Tillage/Manure
4) Limit Carbon Negative Crops –Soys/Edibles/Veggies
Grow Cover Crops to Mitigate…
5) Import Manure If Feasible
Earthworms are Surface Feeders
Tillage Empties the Pantry & Leaves the Fridge with a Jar of
Pickles…
1. Combine Spread Residue Your Full Cutting Width
Chopper Upgrade
Header Width Reduction
Spread Chaff Rotaries – Drop Straw, Must Spread Chaff
Walker Machines – Chaff Spreader a Must
Residue Has Nutrients – Treat it Like Fertilizer
2. Cereal Harvest Cut Low / Chop Fine / Spread Wide
4 Months of Decomposition
Need Residue on the Soil
Mow or Clip if Necessary
3. Soybeans / Edibles Roll after Planting – Harvest &
Decomposition all Summer
Spread Chaff (Pods)
Improve Spread on Dry Bean Combines
4. Cornstalks… i. 200+ bu. Yields – 50% more stover!?!?
ii. Genetics Focussed on Plant Health – Stalks & Roots
iii. Bt Event
Management:
iv. Row Width Reduction x Population Increase
v. V–tassel Fungicide Plant Health + Overspray on Soil…?
vi. Late Season N + Fungicide…
vii. Later Harvests That Go Late.
viii.Cornheads – (Chopping / Processing)
More Decomp: South of Interstate 80, South of I -70
Chopping Head Replaces Separate Stalk Shredder Pass for Sizing
Ontario..? Early – Benefit, Late – Detriment (esp. on Snow)
Trade Heads? No – Raised / Tipped / Slowed Down
Stalks Tall & Together in Late Harvests
5. The Longer Soil is Left Undisturbed, The Faster Residue Breaks Down 6. Rotations – Long & Diverse are Better
• FARM 1100 ACRES
• CORN, BEANS, WHEAT, BEANS
• 4-YEAR ROTATION
•2013 HARVEST 1st RYE
• 2014 HARVEST 1st OATS
• 2015 HARVEST 1st BARLEY
• 2016 1st SUNFLOWER, BUCKWHEAT, CHICKPEAS/FABA BEANS/COWPEAS
• FUTURE 8+ YEAR ROTATION
• 30’ CONTROL TRAFFIC