Upload
king-sree
View
129
Download
28
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
suspension
Citation preview
1
Suspension
2
Suspension system perform 6 basic functions:
1. Maintain correct vehicle ride height
2. Reduce the effect of shock forces
3. Maintain correct wheel alignment
4. Support vehicle weight
5. Keep the tires in contact with the road
6. Control the vehicle's direction of travel
3
Front Suspension Dependent Independent
4
Dependent Front Suspension Dependent front suspension uses a solid
axle. Uses one steel or aluminum beam extending the width of the vehicle. The beam is held in place by leaf springs.
solid axle is only used on heavy trucks, and off-road vehicles
5
Independent Front Suspension
Developed in the 1930's to improve vehicle ride control and riding comfort
wheels to respond individually to road conditions
sprung weight is reduced, creating a smoother ride.
Twin I-Beam, Type 1 Coil Spring, Type 2 Coil Spring, Torsion Bar, Double Wishbone,
6
Twin I-Beam similar to the solid
axle improves ride and
handling load carrying ability used on pickups,
vans and four-wheel drive vehicles.
7
Type 1 Coil Spring 2 upper control arms 2 lower control arms 2 steering knuckles 2 spindles 2 upper ball joints 2 lower ball joints bushings coil springs Shock Absorbers short-arm/long-arm,
or the parallel arm design
8
Type 2 Coil Spring coil spring is mounted
on the upper control arm
top of the spring is attached to the frame.
upper ball joint receives the weight of the vehicle
and the force of the coil spring
makes it the load carrier
9
Torsion Bar
no coil or leaf springs supports the vehicle
weight and absorbs the road shock
performs the same function as a coil spring:
supports the vehicle's weight
10
Double Wishbone type of strut
suspension space saving benefits
of a strut of the parallel arm
suspension more aerodynamic
hoodline portion of the strut
forms a wishbone shape
does not rotate when the wheels turn
11
Suspension Components
Springs Coil Leaf Torsion bar
Torsion Bar Suspension Systems*
12
3 types of springs used on automobile suspensions
Lower Control Arm w/Strut rod
coil
leaf
13
Suspension Components II
Shock Absorbers purpose *** Dampen spring oscillation Types
Direct acting Dual action telescopic
14
ComponentsSpring
Stabilizer
Control Arm BushingControl Arm Ball
Joint
Shock
15
•Components
•Upper Control Arm
Upper Control Arm Bushing
•Lower Control Arm•Lower Control Arm Bushing
•Stabilizer
•Strut Rod
•Upper Ball Joint
•Spindle/Knuckle
•Lower Ball Joint
16
Springs Leaf
17
Leaf Springs
18
Springs Torsion Bars
19
Springs Transverse
Torsion Bar
20
Shock Absorbers Should not leak oil Stop bouncing
quickly SLA- Short Long
Arm
21
Shock Absorbers
Shock Assist Gas Charged Air Shocks Shock Absorber
Ratio Electronically
Controlled Shocks
22
Shocks
23
Springs Spring Rate Jounce Rebound Sprung Weight Un-sprung Weight Coil Springs* Leaf Springs* Air Springs
24
MacPherson Struts NO upper control Arm! Spring around a shock absorber
25
Strut Construction
Rod Nut Bearing Plate Upper Spring
Seat Dust Shield Strut Shaft Lower Spring
Seat Strut Body
26
Control Arms
27
Ball Joints
28
Rear Suspension System
Live Axle Semi-
Independent Independent
29
Solid Axle, Coil Spring Suspension (live)
30
Beam Axle, for FWD
31
Modified Beam Axle
32
Independent Rear Suspension
33
Semi-Independent Semi-Independent Service
34
Live-Axle Rear Suspension System Leaf Spring Coil Spring Live Axle Servicing
35
Solid (Dummy) Axle
36
Electronically Controlled Suspension Adaptive Suspension System Components
37
Suspension Problems Toe Camber Caster
38
Toe
39
Camber
40
Caster