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STATUS OF WASTE CHARACTERIZATION RETRIEVAL PRETREATMENT AND GROUT
ACTIVITIES TO SUPPORT HWVP
Presented to
Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board
D J Newland
Richland Washington IVlay 11 1992
S t a t u s - 1 5 1 1 9 2
f ~DTeec h nolo g y~~ Tank Waste Remediation System Database v elo pme n l ~ ~ ~ = ~
Double-Shell Tanks
DSS ~ Y e sDSSF
No ~ l t k ~ IILW~
ImprovedIssue~ LLWForm
T DST Retrieval ~
I Pretreatment Sludge Wash
and Ion ange
Characterization
i and Solids Leach Phase III New Tanks _ _
Near-Surlacelt P l a n t Technologyf Database VaultsN~slons DevelopmenlSingle-Shell
Tanks New Prelrealme~ Capability ~ 7 - - gt -~ IRU
SaletyIssues
SST Retrieval
Other
_t
Sr and Cs In-PlaceDisposal JCapsules DSS = Double-shell slurry
DSSF = Double-sheU slurry leed HLW = High-level waste
HWVP = Hanlord Wasle VIIrllicatlon Plant LLW = Low-level waste
NRC = US Nuclear Regulatory Commlsion ~ i
F SEIS = Supplemental environmental Impact slalemenl Packaging TRU = Transuranlc
Waste Characterization
Status- 3 51192
Waste Characterization
Purpose Objective
Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological
To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment
processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations
Status- 4 5 1192
Waste Characterization
Scope
O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing
Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler
Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods
in use or under development
O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n
- Methods under development
S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
f ~DTeec h nolo g y~~ Tank Waste Remediation System Database v elo pme n l ~ ~ ~ = ~
Double-Shell Tanks
DSS ~ Y e sDSSF
No ~ l t k ~ IILW~
ImprovedIssue~ LLWForm
T DST Retrieval ~
I Pretreatment Sludge Wash
and Ion ange
Characterization
i and Solids Leach Phase III New Tanks _ _
Near-Surlacelt P l a n t Technologyf Database VaultsN~slons DevelopmenlSingle-Shell
Tanks New Prelrealme~ Capability ~ 7 - - gt -~ IRU
SaletyIssues
SST Retrieval
Other
_t
Sr and Cs In-PlaceDisposal JCapsules DSS = Double-shell slurry
DSSF = Double-sheU slurry leed HLW = High-level waste
HWVP = Hanlord Wasle VIIrllicatlon Plant LLW = Low-level waste
NRC = US Nuclear Regulatory Commlsion ~ i
F SEIS = Supplemental environmental Impact slalemenl Packaging TRU = Transuranlc
Waste Characterization
Status- 3 51192
Waste Characterization
Purpose Objective
Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological
To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment
processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations
Status- 4 5 1192
Waste Characterization
Scope
O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing
Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler
Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods
in use or under development
O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n
- Methods under development
S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status- 3 51192
Waste Characterization
Purpose Objective
Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological
To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment
processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations
Status- 4 5 1192
Waste Characterization
Scope
O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing
Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler
Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods
in use or under development
O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n
- Methods under development
S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Purpose Objective
Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological
To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment
processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations
Status- 4 5 1192
Waste Characterization
Scope
O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing
Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler
Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods
in use or under development
O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n
- Methods under development
S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Scope
O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing
Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler
Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods
in use or under development
O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n
- Methods under development
S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r
TFL Ro Sa~
E x h a u s t e r
Quillbull Rod
C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )
Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
I
- - _ L
I
i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j
|
bull bull i
_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
1
~ ~ - ~ i ~ -
~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~
bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~
bull ~
- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~
-~ ~
~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~
~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y
b~ -
~ -T
u ~
4~
cent
cent L
- _ -
-
i f
i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
0
Waste Characterization
Status
Liquid samples taken routinely as required
Sludge and saltcake sampling
All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993
Will double sampling capability
StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Status (cont)
Laboratory analyses
Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics
Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals
bull In-situ characterization
Remote sensors and robotic systems under development
Status- 11 51192
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull
~ L c C-~
i
ie
| 1
F
~-~ 111
~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~
~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Waste Characterization
Key Issues
Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System
Limited analytical laboratory capacity
No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists
Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling
Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling
Status- 13 51192
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Purpose Objective
Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks
Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport
Support mitigation of tank safety issues
Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities
Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope
bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes
28tanks (one million gallons each)
24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake
Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes
149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)
37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid
Status- 16 5I 1192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Scope (cont)
Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems
- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware
Waste t reatment for transport
Tank structure and support system modif icat ions
- Confinement barriers
Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing
Status- 17 5t192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of
bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring
- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty
o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding
0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal
Status- 18 511192
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)
Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP
Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes
In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996
S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge
To Treatment and Disposal
Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump
Inner Shell
Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~
3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval
Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for
Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes
Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks
Slall ls 21 5 11 92
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Status (cont)
Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)
Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates
High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved
Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994
In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999
Slatus 22 511192
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing
~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -
- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i
bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~
4 - - ~ k~ bull n~
- Air Conveyance
bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure
bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution
i bull Module
bull o bull
bull i~
bull
~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -
~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A
i +
i
~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i
L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i
- r
~ =
- _
~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~
292010362G
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Retrieval
Key Issues
Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties
Tank safety issues
bull Limited waste characterization data
O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks
O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure
Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes
S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status - 25 5111192
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Purpose Objective
Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides
Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near
surface disposal (grout)
Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository
Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications
Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Scope
O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes
O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities
Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction
Safety and environmental analyses and permitting
Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92
0
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status
bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s
bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues
Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction
Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies
Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types
without more advanced
Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU
solvent extraction process to dissolve
Bench and pilot-scale testing planned
S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Status (cont)
0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated
Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion
- Solid sorbants
- Nitrate destruct ion
Selective leaching
Calcination and leaching
Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Tank Waste Pretreatment
Key Issues
Previous feasible
reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be
- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies
bull Limited waste characterization data
High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass
0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing
are technical ly complex and
bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds
Status- 30 511192
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Purpose Objective
Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste
Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes
Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Scope
bull Development of grout formulations and related technology
Dry material and mixing facilities
Underground storage vaults
Safety and environmental analyses and assessments
Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
~ f
bull
=~lt
bull
- - 4 ~
-~-----~- i ~L
~ =
~~w7 ~ - s -
~- I
( -r
V -
~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -
~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_
~ - ~ -
Dry Materials Facility
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F
Feed Line
12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)
Geotextile
(HDPE) Plastic Curtain
Drainage Net J (2 layers)
Excess Water Removal Line
Diffusion Break
Concrete Basin
Note
HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly
Excess Water Pump Pits
Grout Core Sampler
CCTV Camera Assembly
Concrete Cap
Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits
Vault Pit
Asphalt Coating
60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags
j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault
~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel
HDPE Liner
~ Leachate Removal Pipe
iiii
Leachate Collection Sump and Risers
Concrete Sump Encasement
Structural Backfill
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
o ol
c~
I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~
iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-
- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -
- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull
~ - ~ - - - _
~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~
~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~
~ ~ 7
+
gtq
~ ~ ~ ~ I o
) Ol
bull ~ 0
M
[ i~-~ gt
-it
~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a
~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Status
O Major facilities constructed
bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989
Construction of next four vaults nearing completion
O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized
Procedures and facilities being completed
Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments
Operational Readiness Review underway
Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2
Grout Disposal Program
Key Issues
Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal
bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes
Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation
Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes
quantity of Land Disposal Restricted
Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed
bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level
S l a t ~ s - 39
materials in
wastes
5 1 1 9 2