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Status of GE Plants Trials in Bangladesh
M. Khalequzzaman A. Chowdhury, Ph.DMember Director (Crops)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council
Biotechnology: New Tool• Biotechnology is a set of powerful tools
that employ living organisms (or parts of organisms) to make or modify products, improve plants or animals, or develop microorganisms for specific uses. The “ new biotechnology ” includes the industrial use of recombinant DNA, cell fusion, novel bioprocessing techniques, and bioremediation.
• Biotechnology offers a hope to meet the future challenge of increased food production. It is a compliment to the conventional research. It helps where conventional research is stagnated.
Environmental benefits of GE crops
• Dramatic reduction in pesticide use. • Development of insect resistant Bt varieties
was estimated to have reduced the total world use of insecticide by 14%.
• Use of Bt cotton in China has led to an 80% reduction in the use of foliar insecticides and an estimated 15,000 tons reduction in pesticide use.
• Reduced use of pesticides can significantly decrease their effects on water quality through run-off and leaching of residues into surface and groundwater.
• GM crops can significantly improve crop yields, so that more food can be grown on less land area.
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Status of Biotechnology• Biotechnology research & development
is in an introductory stage. • Limited to in vitro culture & somaclonal
variation.• Protocol for potato micro propagation
has been commercialized.• Banana tissue culture plantlets are
producing by public institute & private org.
• Public institutes & universities initiated work on genetic engineering.
• BARI & BRRI have started working with GM rice, eggplant and potato under confined conditions.
•
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1. National Taskforce on Biotechnology (NTB)2. National Executive Committee on
Biotechnology3. National Technical Committees on
Biosafety, Biodiversity, Crop Biotechnology, Animal & Fish Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology.
4. Specialized Working Groups.
Policy-Biosafety of GM Crops
4 tier committees for management of biotechnological activities.
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Biosafety Protocol
Institutional Biosafety Committee
National Technical Committees
National Committee on Biosafety
Field Biosafety Committee
Eggplant Crop
Eggplant, a crop of both winter and summer, covers 64,208 ha with a production of 3,81,420 metric tons
It constitutes about 25% of the total vegetable area of the country
Eggplant->25%
Pumpkin->6.55%
Radish->8.79%
Arum->7.67%
Other SummerVegetable->20.13%Other WinterVegetable->31.46%
ESFB of Eggplant
EFSB is the key pest of eggplant
Some farmers spray insecticides on eggplant crops up to 84 times in the cropping season
Some farmers spray insecticides at alternate days and even in some cases twice a day (morning & afternoon)
Bt Eggplant development
• Introgression of Bt gene into 9 Bangladeshi eggplant varieties were done at MAHYCO.
• Bangladeshi varieties were backcrossed at MAHYCO with transgenic eggplant containing Cry1AC.
Bt technology: An alternate approach for target gene Cry1Ac
Variety/line in the Bt ProgramVariety /Line Fruit shape Fruit color Status
BARI Begun -1 (Uttara)
Cylindrical Light purple Popular all over the country
BARI Begun -4 (Kazla)
Cylindrical Blackish purple Popular all over the country
BARI Begun – 5 (Nayantara)
Round Deep purple Getting Popularity
BARI Begun -6 (ISD006)
Oblong Light green Popular at mid & South part
BARI Begun -7 (Singhnath/ B009)
Long cylindrical Deep purple Popular all over the country
BL117 (Khatkhatia)
Cylindrical Greenish Purple Popular at North part
BL072 (Dohazari) Oblong Green and white stripe at blossom end
Popular
Islampuri Round Deep purple Popular
Chaga Oblong Green and light Popular
Generation Advancement in the Contained Green House
Generation Advancement in the Contained Generation Advancement in the Contained Green HouseGreen House
SeasonSeason Generation Generation I I BCBC11
IIII BCBC22
IIIIII BCBC33
IVIV BCBC33 FF22
VV BCBC33 FF33
VIVI BCBC33 FF44 , BC, BC44
VIIVII BCBC33 FF55 , BC, BC55
GazipurChittagong
Sites for Bt Eggplant Confined Field Trial
Jessore
Ishardhi
Rahmatpur
Rangpur
Jamalpur
Confined Field Trial(2008-12)
Name of stations
Name of variety/line Status
Joydebpur (HQ) Uttara, Nayantara and Singhnath, Dohazari, ISD006, Chaga, Khakhatia, Islampuri
4th year
Hathazari (RARS) Dohazari and ISD 006 4th year
Jessore (RARS) Uttara and Chaga 4th year
Ishurdi (RARS) Uttara and ISD 006 3rd year
Jamalpur (RARS) Islampuri and Kazla 3rd year
Rahmatpur (RARS)
Chaga and Singhnath 3rd year
Burirhat (ARS) Nayantara and Khatkhatia
3rd year
Infected fruit and shoot of non Bt Infected fruit and shoot of non Bt UttaraUttaraNonNon--infected fruit of Bt infected fruit of Bt UttaraUttara
RB gene Potato development
Diamant and Cardinal potato crossed with Transgenic Katahadin and true potato seeds were tested with kanamycin and germinated plants were transferred to pot for microtuber production.
Transgenic LB Resistant potato variety development
Method:1. Transformation:Wisconsin, USA 2. Hybridization: Indonesia
Variety used1. Cardinal2. Diamant
Confined Field Trials in 2011-12
Multilocational trial of CFT of LBR potato
Location: Six (Gazipur, Comilla, Chittagong, Jessore, Bogra and Rangpur)
Number of LBR clone: Eight
Planting Date: November 28 to December 2, 2011
Programme Supporting Biotechnology
Programmes ActivitiesAgricultural Biotechnology Support Service Project II (ABSP II )
Biotech product development
Capacity building in research : both infra-structure and manpower
South Asia Biosafety
Program (SABP)
Capacity building on biosafety
and biotechnology
Awareness building on biosafety
and recent development on agricultural biotechnology
Assistance for the development of biosafety
and biotechnology policy documents
International Service For the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA)
Bangladesh Biotechnology Information Centre
Collecting and disseminating related information, media workshop
Regulatory Documents of GE Plants
• Guidelines for the confined field trials of GE plants
• Crop wise Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for CFT
• Inspector Manuals for confined field trials of Genetically Engineered plants
• Crop wise Data recording formats for CFT• Biology document of Eggplant• Guidelines for the safety assessment of
foods derived from GE plants