STATES OF MATTER

AND CHANGES OF STATE

SOLID, LIQUID AND GAS

SOLID

•1. PARTICLES ARE TIGHTLY ARRANGED. NO SPACE BETWEEN ATOMS•2. DEFINITE SHAPE•3. DEFINITE VOLUME•4. PARTICLES VIBRATE NEXT TO EACH OTHER

LIQUID

• 1. PARTICLES HAVE SOME SPACE BETWEEN. • 2. DEFINITE VOLUME• 3. NO DEFINITE SHAPE• 4. PARTICLE MOVEMENT IS A SLIDING ACTION PAST EACH OTHER

GAS

•1.PARTICLE SPACING IS VERY FAR APART•2. NO DEFINITE SHAPE•3. NO DEFINITE VOLUME•4. PARTICLE MOVEMENT IS VERY FAST AND MAY OR MAY NOT COME IN CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER

CHANGES OF STATE OF MATTER

IN ORDER FOR A SOLID, LIQUID OR GAS TO CHANGE ITS STATE OF MATTER HEAT ENERGY IS

EITHER ADDED OR SUBTRACTED

HOW DOES A SOLID, LIQUID OR GAS CHANGE ITS

STATEHEAT ENERGY

HAS TO BE ADDED OR

SUBTRACTED

HEAT ENERGY ADDED TO A SOLID-MELTING OCCURS

97˚F/16˚C KITCHEN MELTING POINTS MELTED GOLD

HEAT ENERGY ADDED TO A LIQUIDEVAPORATION OR BOILING

BOILING WATER MOLECULE MOTION IN EVAPORATION AND BOILING

WATER EVAPORATING

COMPARISON OF BOILING AND EVAPORATION

SUBLIMATIONA SOLID CHANGES INTO A GAS WITHOUT

BECOMING A LIQUID FIRSTDRY ICE DRY ICE

SNOW SUBLIMATION

WHEN HEAT ENERGY IS REMOVED A GAS BECOMES A LIQUID

CONDENSATIONWATER VAPOR

CONDENSING ON SODA LITER

WATER VAPOR CONDENSING ON

GLASSWATER VAPOR

CONDENSING ON PLANTS

REMOVAL OF HEAT ENERGY FROM A LIQUIDFREEZING

THERE IS A SPECIFIC TEMP AT WHICH LIQUIDSFREEZE

WATER FREEZING ALMOST IMMEDIATELY

THE LOWEST TEMPERATURE THAT IT IS POSSIBLE TO REACH (O⁰K, -273.15⁰C, -459.67⁰F) IS CALLED

ABSOLUTE ZERO

DEPOSITIONWHEN HEAT ENERGY IS REMOVED AND WATER

VAPOR CHANGES DIRECTLY INTO A SOLIDFROST SNOW FROST

WATER HAS A FREEZING POINT OF 0˚C AND A MELTING POINT OF 0˚C

HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE???