STATE OF THE PLANT-GROWING ON THE ROUSSENSKI LOM TERRITORY Emilia Christova – Head of MSAF Ivanovo

STATE OF THE PLANT-GROWING ON THE ROUSSENSKI LOM

TERRITORY

Emilia Christova – Head of MSAF Ivanovo

STATE OF THE PLANT-GROWING ON THE ROUSSENSKI LOM TERRITORY

• Region – Roussenski Lom Vetovo, Ivanovo and Tsar Kaloian• sector – plant-growing • period – 2004 – 2007• sources of information


1. Characterizations of the Roussenski Lom soils• Prevail lyed black earth (chernozems)• According to their reaction soils are neutral to slightly acid

REACTION OF SOILS

LEGEND: 1-Alkaline; 2-Slightly alkaline; 3-Slightly alkaline to neutral; 4-Neutral; 5-Neutral to slightly acid; 6-Slightly acid; 7-Mid acid; 8-Highly acid.


1. Characterizations of Roussenski Lom soils - continuation• By their mechanical composition are met from slightly sandy to heavy sandy - clay soils with textural coefficient to 1,3 and over 1,3

MECHANICAL COMPOSITION OF SOILS .

LEGEND: 1-Clayey-sandy; 2-Slightly sandy-clayey; 3-Mid sandy-clayey texture coefficient up to 2; 4-Mid sandy-clayey texture coefficient over 2; 5-Heavy sandy-clayey texture coefficient up to 1,3; 6-Heavy sandy-clayey texture coefficient over 1,3; 7-Clayey; 8-Stony /frame/


Regarding the chemical properties lyed black earth (chernozems) are one of the richest with organic substances ones. - Good biological avtivity. .

- The nitrogen content is comparatively high – over 0,15 %. - Common phosphorus reserves are determined to a great extent from the extent of claying and from the character of the soil-forming rock. Richest are soils, formed over loess and loess-kind alluviums. Average reserves - more than 0,1 % tо 0,2 %. Potassium content is over 1,6 to 2 %. Great biogene accumulation of manganese. They are stocked with copper and zinc.

2. System for identification of agricultural plotsFrom the cultivable lands over 90% are identified. That means, that these areas farmers will receive direct payments and national additional payments. Not all stock-breeders declared all of their animals and all plots, meeting the requirements for pastures and common pastures, can not be assimilated. The reason for this was the lack of technical time to organise themselves and the lack of trust between them. It is expected, during the next two years of our accession, farmers to receive subsidies for pastures and common pastures for the bred from them animals.


2. MUNICIPALITY OF VETOVO Cultivable lands on the VETOVO municipality territory are with area of 236 176 decares. Of them, fields amount to 195 763 decares and are 83,7 % . Perennial plantations are with area of 2 694 decares and represents 1,2 % from total areas. Mixed landuse – 7 436 decares or 3,1 % . Pastures, meadows and common pastures – 26 027 decares or 11 % and other farming and non-farming areas – 2 385 decares or 1 %.

1

2

34 5LEGEND : 1 – FIELDS ; 2 –

PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS ; 3 –CONSTANTLY GRASSED AREAS; 4 – OTHER FARMING AND NON-FARMING AREAS;5 – MIXED LANDUSE.


• MUNICIPALITY OF VETOVO SOWN AREAS: PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS

Perennial plantation kind

SOWN AREAS / decaresh /

VINES-WINE 816,8

VINES – DESSERT

44,8

APPLES 154

PLUMS 124,8

CHERRIES 120

MORELLO 13

TOBACCO – ORIENTAL:

Economical year

SOWN AREAS / decares /

2004-2005

2005-2006

2006-2007

TOBACCO 1 574 1 150 1 050

On the municipality territory are grown mainly: wheat, barley, rape, sunflower and maize. The family gardens and perennial plantations are not of significant importance for the region. Municipality is typical with growing of oriental tobacco, but with every passed economic year, areas with oriental tobacco decrease. The reasons for this are the low buy up costs, as well as the getting older population, but should not be neglected also the drought, as an important natural element.


• MUNICIPALITY OF VETOVO SOWN AREAS: WITH AUTUMN CROPS

Crop


2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

WHEAT 84 010 78 860 79 430

BARLEY 23 120 20 080 19 440

OIL-YIELDING RAPE 0 2 210 0

Economic year

WITH SPRING CROPS

EconomicCrop year


2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

SUNFLOWER 40 814 61 160 45 620

MAIZE 13 737 14 230 15 600FAMILY GARDENS – potatoes, watermelons, melons, beans, lentils, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and peas – with total area of 1 020 decares


3. MUNICIPALITY OF IVANOVO :Cultivable lands on the IVANOVO municipality territory are with area of 358 252 decares. Of them fields amount to 266 998 decares and represent 74,5 % . Perennial plantations are with area of 11 546,1 decares and represent 3,2 % from the total area. Mixed landuse – 17 238 decares or 4,8 % . Meadows, pastures and common lands – 44 746 decares or 12,5 % and other farming or non-farming areas – 17 723 decares or 5 %.

LEGEND : 1 – FIELDS ; 2 – PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS; 3 – CONSTANTLY GRASSED AREAS; 4 – OTHER FARMING AND NON-FARMING AREAS;5 – MIXED LANDUSE.

1

2

3

45


• MUNICIPALITY OF IVANOVO SOWN AREAS: WITH AUTUMN CROPS

Economic year

WITH SPRING CROPS

02600TRITICALE

5 8569903 375OIL-YIELDING RAPE

14 63017 94022 950BARLEY

103 27199 85095 450WHEAT

2006-20072005-20062004-2005

SOWN AREAS / decares / Crop

Economic Crop year


2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

SUNFLOWER 58 800 86 540 78 216

MAIZE 18 580 26 950 14 300

CORIANDER 870 1 670 1 320

REZENE 420 1 300 1 510

WHITE THISTLE 1 000 1 670 1 324

LUCERNE 4 500 4 500 4 850

OATS 0 456 758


• MUNICIPALITY OF IVANOVO SOWN AREAS: FAMILY GARDENS – potatoes, watermelons, melons,

beans, lentils, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and peas – with total area of 1 480 decares

PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS

Kind of perennial plantation

SOWN AREAS /decares/

VINES-WINE 1 687

VINES–DESSERT 490

APPLES 40

PEACHES+APRICOTS

911

MORELLOS 120

STRAWBERRIES 2

VINE SEED-BEDS – 159 decares


4. MUNICIPALITY OF TSAR KALOIANCultivable lands on the TSAR KALOIAN municipality territory are with area of 106 699 decares. Of them fields amount to 87 447 decares and represent 82 % . Perennial plantations are with area of 409 decares and represent 0,3 % of the total area. Mixed landuse – 4 827 decares or 4,9 %. Meadows, pastures and common lands – 11 652 decares or 11 % and other farming and non-farming areas – 2 366 decares or 1,8 %.

LEGEND : 1 – FIELDS ; 2 – PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS; 3 – CONSTANTLY GRASSED AREAS; 4 – OTHER FARMING AND NON-FARMING AREAS;5 – MIXED LANDUSE.

1

2

3

4 5


• MUNICIPALITY OF TSAR KALOIAN: SOWN AREAS: WITH AUTUMN CROPS

WITH SPRING CROPS

EconomicCrop year


2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

WHEAT 32 070 28 500 35 860

BARLEY 10 505 4 670 3 720

OIL-YIELDING RAPE 3 550 4 531 2 500

TRITICALE 0 320 0 Economic Crop year


2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

SUNFLOWER 20 450 28 053 27 056

MAIZE 11 548 13 609 10 753

LUCERNE 2 216 2 701 2 701

REZENE 500 1 200 310

WHITE THISTLE 0 1 400 1 130

YELLOW POPPY 101 0 80


• MINICIPALITY OF TSAR KALOIANSOWN AREAS: FAMILY GARDENS – potatoes, watermelons, melons,

beans, lentils, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and peas – with common area of 446 decares

PERENNIAL PLANTATIONS

TOBACCO - ORIENTAL:

Kind of the perennial plantation

SOWN AREAS /decares /

VINES-WINE 1 404

VINES–DESSERT 273

APPLES 35

Economical yearSOWN AREAS / decares /

2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007

TOBACCO 227 103 137

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5. As a conclusion of the shown data in the tables above, could be drawn some common deductions about the state of agriculture on the Natural Park “Roussenski Lom”territory:

• At the territories of the three Municipalities are grown mainly: wheat, barley, rape, sunflower and maize.

• For municipality of Ivanovo the perennial plantations are of significant importance for the region. During the last two economical years on the territory was created one new plum orchard with area of over than 100 decares and vine massifs with total area of 400 decares. There are traditions for growing of vine seedlings. For the municipalities of Vetovo and Tsar Kaloian is not typical growing of great massifs of perennial plantations.

• In the municipality of Ivanovo tobacco is not grown, but on it’s account in the municipalities of Vetovo and Kaloianovo it is grown. With each passing year is noticed more and more significant decrease of areas sown with oriental tobacco. Reasons for this are the low purchase costs, as well as the getting older population, but there should not be neglected also the drought, as an important nature element.

• There is still not declared the use of meadows along the Roussenski Lom river valley, because of the great number of meadows owners with areas of properties up to 1.000 decares, but the forthcoming determination of the NATURA 2000 zonesand the forthcoming additional payments under the National Rural Development Plan could motivate owners to declare them.


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• Registered under Ordinance № 3 agricultural producers are increasing with every year. While for:

• the MUNICIPALITY OF IVANOVO during 2005 they have been 337 persons, for 2006 - 363 persons, but for 2007 they are already 392. The registered producers are mainly plant-growers, but is noticed also raising of the bee-keepers number, who to receive additional payments for qualitative honey are required to be registered like agricultural producers.

• The MUNICIPALITY OF VETOVO during 2005 they have been 198 persons, but for 2007 they already are 266 persons. Registered producers are mainly plant-growers, but is noticed a raising of stock-breeding farms number.

• The MUNICIPALITY OF TSAR KALOIAN during 2005 they have been 161 persons, for 2006 - 190, and for 2007 they have become 182 persons. The registered producers are mainly plant-growers, but is noticed also a raising of the stock-breeding farms number.

• Plant-growers, cultivating lands with areas up to 100 decares recently were in the “gray” economy, but after the our country EU accession, these producers realized the advantage of their own registration.

• Not insignificant influence exert also the Euro-subsidies for grown production area unit, and also the national additional payments.



6. Conclusions and trends for Roussenski Lom:• for the Roussenski Lom region the mainly grown crops are wheat, sunflower,

barley, maize, rape and lucerne;• In the Rousse district, there are already built production outfits, meeting the EU

requirements for processing of energy/power crops - rapeand sunflower. This would lead to increasing of the sown with energy/power crops areas.

• The meadows use is not sustainable - great percentage of them are abandoned and hardly accessible, by the reason of their strong weeding. Often met practice is the graze of flocks and herds in the meadows around Lomovete.

• observing the GFP could be guaranteed only after raising of agricultural culture of farmers.

• Crops rotation is still not observed. • it is noticed a trend for decreasing of burnt stubbles.• Agriculture is intensive, but it is expected farmers to begin using of the EU

approved fertilizers.• Econoimical crisis has affected the labour force also in agriculture - farm labour is

unattractive, because of the low payment and the campaign nature of farm work. Usually, the farmers use labour force under the employment programs

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• the landuse is done mainly from leaseholders tenant farmers of the farmlands.• there is noticed a trend for landuse of farmers, possessing inherited lands about

100 decares;• The problem with land fragmentation is expexted to be resolved partially with the

validated in February 2007 Addition to the Law for the lease in agriculture, by which one of the heirs of individed lands has the right to lease the possessed by heritage lands without requirement for agreement from the rest of the others, with sustaining of all assets and liabilities of this.

• СИЗП exerts great importance over the correct declaring in use of farmlands - one farmer can declare, that he use a certain property, but in the ground, the same one, after a steep slope or other factors, to disable cultivation. From cultivable lands over 90 % are identified. This means, that these areas farmers will receive direct payments and national additional payments. Not all of the stock-breeders declared all of their animals and all areas, meeting the requirements for pastures and common lands, could not be assimilated. The reason for this was the lack of technical time to become organized and the lack of trust between them. It is expected during the next two years of our accession farmers to receive subsidies for pastures and common lands for the bred from them animals.

• payments per area unit (PAU) will exert motivating influence over the landuse for restoration of deserted for a long time lands.


Documents

STATE OF THE PLANT-GROWING ON THE ROUSSENSKI LOM TERRITORY Emilia Christova – Head of MSAF Ivanovo