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INTRODUCTION

One of the most obvious distinction of Greater Acehnese dialect is the pronunciation of final /a/. Other differences are seen in pronunciation of word final /a/, /s/, /r/ and consonant cluster /rh/ and /nh/. It has different pronunciation of consonant /r/ which is pronounced as a voiced velar fricative [ɣ]. We have also observed that Acehnese speakers in Sibreh, an area in Greater Aceh, pronounce words which are different from other mainstream dialect speakers such as [pɣuək], [mandun], and [kamɛn] for ‘stomach’, ‘all’, and ‘goat’ respectively, where in other places or variants they are realized as [pruət], [mandum], and [kamɛŋ]. This study therefore sets out to investigate other features of variants of a Greater Acehnese subdialect spoken in Sibreh, and we prefer to use the term accent to such differences rather than distinction in subdialect.

A UNIQUE ACCENT OF THE STIGMATIZED GREATER ACEHNESE SUBDIALECT IN SIBREH

Zulfadli A. Aziz*, Yunisrina Q. Yusuf, Faisal Mustafa, Husnul Khatimah

English Education Department, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia *Email: zulfadli.aziz@unsyiah.ac.id Sumber Dana: PNBP Unsyiah 2019

DOCUMENTATION

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This research was conducted in Sibreh, Greater Aceh. The data were obtained from 70 language consultants consisting of two native speakers (male and female) representing each village in the Subdistrict. The data were collected and recorded from interviews in order to elicit the data from the word list. The words consisted of various word classes, such as pronouns, nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and impressionistic analysis (Asyik, 1987). The list of ‘standard’ Acehnese equivalent words were compared with those produced by the speakers recorded during the data collection.

RESULTS The consonants of bilabial, alveolar, and velar nasals in other dialects were realized as alveoral nasal /n/ in Sibreh subdistrict, and the examples are presented below. Table 1. Alveolar nasal in Sibreh Subdialect

Words Sibreh Subdialect Standard Acehnese Dialect Meaning Malam Mala(n) Malam Night Inong Naleung

Ino(n) Naleu(n)

Inong Naleung

Woman Grass

Some alveolar nasals were also pronounced as a velar nasal /ŋ/. Both /n/ and /ŋ/ appear at word final position; therefore, these variations could not be predicted. They were also preceeded by the same vowel characteristics, as shown in the following examples. Table 2. Velar nasal in Sibreh Subdialect

Words Sibreh Subdialect Standard Acehnese Dialect Meaning polpen Polpe(ng) polpen pen Kurbeun Timon

Kurbeu(ng) Timo(ng)

Kurbeun Timon

Qorban Cucumber

Bilabial and alveolar plosives were replaced by most language consultants with only voiceless alveolar plosive at the word final position. Meanwhile, the voiceless alveolar plosive in other standard dialects was pronounced as voiceless velar plosive /k/. Table 3. Variation in plosive consonants in Sibreh Subdialect

Words Sibreh Subdialect Standard Acehnese Dialect Meaning Cop Makeusud Loeb Rambot Arat Pruet

Co(t) Makeusu(t) Loe(t) Rambeu(k) Ara(k) Prue(k)

Cop Makeusud Loeb Rambot Arat Pruet

Sew Mean Turn page Rambutan Sempit Stomach

In vowel production, the unique characteristic of monopthongization in Greater Acehnese Dialect was also found in Sibreh, that is diphthong /ai/ in standard dialectes are reduced into /ə/ or /a/, as in the following. Table 4. Monophthongization in Sibreh Subdistrict

North Acehnese Sibreh (Greater Aceh) Indonesian English Akai Ake* Akal brain Kapai Kape* Kapal ship Bantai Bante* bantal pillow sapai Sape lengan hand sagai saga Sedikit pun A bit

CONCLUSION This study was to find out the unique features of Greater Acehnese subdialect spoken in Sibreh. Based on the data obtained from 70 language consultants from 35 villages in Sibreh subdistrict, we found some unique features of the subdialect. The first feature is that /r/ is pronounced as palatal trill, resembling /r/ in Arabic. In addition, the consonant /ŋ/ is used by Acehnese speakers in Sibreh place of /m/ and /n/. Some velar nasal /ŋ/ is pronounced as /n/, in addition to /ŋ/. Finally, bilabial and alveolar plosives /b/, /p/, /d/, and /t/ are realized as voiceless velar plosive /k/ by Acehnese speakers in Sibreh. In terms of vowel, diphthong /ai/ is pronounced as monophthong vowel /ə/ or /a/, and this alternation does not seem to be rule-governed.

REFERENCES 1. Asyik, G. A. (1987). A Contextual Grammar of Acehnese Sentences. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. 2. Aziz, A. Z. (2014). A Sociolinguistic Investigation of Acehnese with A Focus of West Aceh: Stigmatized Dialect (Doctoral Dissertation). University of

Adelaide, Adelaide. 3. Durie, M. (1985). A Grammar of Acehnese: on The Basis of A Dialect of North Aceh. Dordrecht: Foris. 4. Iskandar, D., Pujiono, M., Samad, I. S. (2018). The Profile of Acehnese Variation: Sociolinguistic Analysis. International Journal of Comparative

Literature and Translation Studies, 6 (3), 12-19. 5. Pillai, S., Yusuf, Y. Q. (2012). An Instrumental Anlysis of Acehnese Oral Vowels. Language and Linguistics, 13 (6), 1029-1050. 6. Yusuf, Y. Q. (2013). A Comparatice Study of Vowel in The Acehnese Language in Kedah, Malaysia, and Aceh, Indonesia (Doctoral Dissertation).

University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.

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25 S.D 29 NOPEMBER 2019