Standardisation in RFID Alfio Grasso Deputy Director, Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide General Manager, RFID Automation

AUTO-ID LABS

Standardisation in RFID

Alfio Grasso

Deputy Director, Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide

General Manager, RFID Automation

RFID World 2005 Workshop - Standardisation in RFID 2

AUTO-ID LABS Overview

RFID BackgroundEPCglobal

Standards Development Process Workgroups Technical Standards

Hardware Action Group Software Action Group

Standard’s Documents

ISO Standards 18000-1 to -7 Others

Regulatory Standards FCC, ETSI, Australian 4W RFID licence

Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide

AUTO-ID LABS

RFID Background


AUTO-ID LABS Why now for RFID?

RFID invented in WWII Steady development over last 50+ years

Recent improvements in tag and reader technology Better performance Easier deployment and maintenance Better use of existing infrastructure and

technologiesImprovements in tag and reader manufacturing Cheaper tags and readers

Industry standardisation EPCglobal and ISO


AUTO-ID LABS RFID

Radio Frequency Identification Automatic Data Capture Uses RF to communicate

Basic Elements Tags Readers/Antennas Host CPU


AUTO-ID LABSTag reading

L ab e l

T ra n sm itte r

R e c e iv e rController

Reader Tx typically 1W, 6dB gain AntennaBut propagation loss, resulting Rx at Tag typically µWOn tag, RF energy used for DC power and modulationMore loss back to Reader RxTherefore a very weak reply is obtained

The black spot


AUTO-ID LABS RFID Tags

Tags Attached to objects or items Contains electronics (chip), and antenna Most are passive (no power source) Active tags have a battery


AUTO-ID LABS Matrics (Symbol) Tags


AUTO-ID LABS Alien Technology Tags


AUTO-ID LABS Intermec Tags


AUTO-ID LABS RFID Readers

Readers Contains electronics, Tx, Rx and control Connected to antenna(s)

mostly external Energise tags (passive tags) Commands tags (wake up active tags,

enables management of the tag population)

Receive tag replies


AUTO-ID LABS RFID Readers


AUTO-ID LABS RFID Antenna(s)


AUTO-ID LABS Host CPU

Application Do something with the tag information Potential to generate massive amounts of

data Once installed it costs virtually NOTHING

to read a tag! Real time data => real time decisions OHIO (Zero Human Involvement

Operations)** Term defined by John Greaves, CHEP International


AUTO-ID LABS RFID in Australia – closed loop

Vehicle Identification Passenger and commercial vehicles

Rail Passenger, Sugar, Minerals, Steel

Waste Management Domestic and Industrial

Access Control Time and Attendance, Vehicle

ManufacturingLibrary


AUTO-ID LABSElectronic Toll Collection


AUTO-ID LABS Extended Read Range


AUTO-ID LABS Vehicle ID, Sugar Industry

Photos courtesy of Mirrabooka Systems


AUTO-ID LABS Steel Production


AUTO-ID LABS Hot-Axle Detection and RFID

Photo courtesy of Sugar Research Institute


AUTO-ID LABS Location ID


AUTO-ID LABS Location ID


AUTO-ID LABS Industrial Waste Management


AUTO-ID LABS Domestic Waste Management


AUTO-ID LABS Manufacturing

Photo taken at Hendersons Automotive Technologies Pty Ltd


AUTO-ID LABS Library

Photos courtesy of the National Library Board Singapore


AUTO-ID LABS

Photo taken at Carlton & United Beverages

Warehouse Management


AUTO-ID LABS Warehouse Management

Photo taken at Carlton & United Beverages


AUTO-ID LABS Warehouse Management


AUTO-ID LABS Paper Roll Identification


AUTO-ID LABS Vehicle Manufacture

AUTO-ID LABS

EPCglobal Standards Development Process


AUTO-ID LABS EPCglobal structure

TechnologySteering Committee

Public PolicySteering CommitteeAuto-ID Labs

Business ActionGroup - CP

Business SteeringCommittee

President,EPCglobal

GS1 GS1 USEPCglobal Boardof Governors

StaffArchitecturalReview Committee

Work Groups

Hardware ActionGroup

Software ActionGroup

Work Groups

Work Groups

Business ActionGroup - HLS

Work Groups


AUTO-ID LABS

End Solution End Solution %Users Providers Total Users Providers Total Increase

Asia 7 14 21 21 86 107 410%

North America 48 84 132 177 168 345 161%

Europe 10 26 36 39 46 85 136%

Middle East & Africa 0 2 2 0 4 4 100%

Latin America 0 0 0 2 2 4 #DIV/0!

Totals 65 126 191 239 306 545 185%

Jun-04 May-05

Membership May 2005


AUTO-ID LABS Working Groups

Business Steering Committee (BSC) Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Healthcare and Life Sciences (HLS) Transport and Logistics (TLS)

Technical Steering Committee (TSC) Hardware Action Group (HAG) Software Action Group (SAG)


AUTO-ID LABS Standards Development Process

AUTO-ID LABS

EPCglobal Workgroups


AUTO-ID LABS FMCG – Working Groups

Data Exchange

European Adoption Programme (EAP)

Pilot and Implementation (P&I)

Reusable Transport Items (RTI)

Strategic Planning

Tag and Inlay Standards

Asian Adoption Program (AAP)


AUTO-ID LABS HLS – Working Groups

Strategy

Policy

Process

Information

Technology

Research


AUTO-ID LABS HAG – Working Groups

Class 1 Generation 2 (Work completed)

Gen 2 Testing & Certification

Joints Requirements Group for Item Level Tagging

Others planned


AUTO-ID LABS SAG Working Groups

Reader Protocol

Reader Management

Filtering and Collection

ONS

Security

Tag Data Translation

EPCIS

EPCIS Phase 2

Tag Data Standards


AUTO-ID LABS Future Working Groups ?

Automotive

Aerospace

Electronics

Biologics

AUTO-ID LABS

EPCglobal Technical Standards

Hardware Action Group

Software Action Group


AUTO-ID LABS

EPCglobal network: roles and interfaces

2004 EPCglobal

• Green boxes represent Specs.

• Blue boxes represent roles, not necessarily discrete components

ReaderReader

Reader Protocol / Mgmt Interface

F&C MiddlewareF&C Middleware

EPCIS Capturing Application

EPCIS Capturing Application

F&C Interface

EPCIS Query Interface

EPCIS Repository

EPCIS Repository

EPCIS Accessing Application

EPCIS Accessing Application

Partner Accessing Application

Partner Accessing Application

TagTag

Sec

uri

ty

SystemsMgmt

Tag Protocol (Gen2) / Tag Data Std

EPCIS Capture Interface

CaptureBusinessXactions& F&C Events

FirewallPushSharing

PushSharing

AUTO-ID LABS

Hardware Action Group

C1G2 – Completed

Testing and Certification

Requirements Item Level Tagging


AUTO-ID LABS HAG - Mission

Define the interfaces between hardware components (primarily RFID tags and readers) in the EPCglobal Network

AUTO-ID LABS

C1G2


AUTO-ID LABS C1G2 Features

Tag must be able to communicate from 860 MHz to 960 MHzTags must understand 3 different modulation schemes

Double Sideband Amplitude Shift Keying DSB-ASK Single Sideband Amplitude Shift Keying SSB-ASK Phase Reversal Amplitude Shift Keying PR-ASK

Coding is by Pulse Interval Encoding (PIE)T=>R data rates 40, 80, 160, 320 and 640 kbitsSelectionAccess & Kill PasswordsEPC up to 256 bitsDense reader channelised signalling


AUTO-ID LABS

Interrogator/tag operations and tag state

Reader

Inventory

Select

Access

Tags

Acknowledged

Open

Killed

State

Reply

Ready

Arbitrate

Secured


AUTO-ID LABS Inventory

Reader Talks First Sets up communication parameters, defines a round Round Size (Q value), slots are numbered from 0 to 2Q-1

Tags select a slot within a round to offer a replyTag States

Ready Arbitrate Reply Acknowledge Open Secured Killed


AUTO-ID LABS Replies

T1 T2 T1

Interrogator

Tag

T2

Single Tag Reply

CW CW

NAK if EPCis invalid

QueryRep orQueryAdjustif EPC is valid

T2

Interrogator

Tag

Collided Reply

CW

T3

CollisionDetected

NoReply

T1

No Reply

CWCW

Invalid ACK

T1 T3

NoReply

CW

T4

T1

CW

RN16 PC + EPC + CRC16

RN16 RN16

QueryRepQuery

Query Ack

Ack QueryRep

NAK

QueryRepSelect

QueryRep

T1 T2


AUTO-ID LABS

NOTES 1. Select: Assert/deassert SL or set inventoried to A or B. 2. Query: AB or B A if the new session matches the prior session; otherwise no change to the inventoried flag. QueryRep/QueryAdjust: AB or B A if the session matches the prior Query; otherwise, the command is invalid and ignored by the Tag. 3. Query starts a new round and may change the session. Tags may go to ready, arbitrate, or reply.

Arbitrate

Acknowledged

Open

Killed

Power-up & ~killed

Reply

CMD: ACK [valid RN16]Reply: PC, UII, CRC-16CMD: Req_RN [invalid RN16]Reply: None

CMD: Req_RN [valid RN16] & {access password <> 0}Reply: handle

CMD: ACK [valid handle]Reply: PC, UII, CRC-16CMD: Req_RN, Read, Write, Lock, BlockWrite, BlockEraseReply: See state-transition tablesCMD: Kill [valid handle & kill password = 0]Reply: Error codeCMD: Kill, Access [invalid handle]Reply: None

CMD: AllReply: None

CMD: QueryAdjust [slot = 0]Reply: New RN16

Ready

Secured

CMD: Access [valid handle & valid access password]Reply: handle when done

Power-up & killed

CMD: Kill [valid handle & valid nonzero kill password]Reply: handle when done

CMD: Req_RN [valid RN16] & {access password = 0}Reply: Handle

NEW ROUNDCMD: Query [mismatched inventoried or SL flags]Reply: None

SlotCounter

QueryQueryRep

QueryAdjustslot

NEW ROUNDCMD: Query [slot > 0 & matching (inventoried & SL) flags]Reply: None

NEW ROUNDCMD: Query [slot = 0 & matching (inventoried & SL) flags]Reply: New RN16

CMD: Select Action: Return to ready Reply: None. Note 1CMD: Query Action: New round Reply: Note 3CMD: All other Action: Remain in ready Reply: None

CMD: Select Action: Return to ready Reply: None. Note 1CMD: Query Action: New round Reply: Note 3CMD: All other Action: Return to arbitrate Reply: None.CMD: None within time T2 Action: Return to arbitrate Reply: None.

CMD: Select Action: Return to ready Reply: None. Note 1CMD: Query Action: New round Reply: Notes 2, 3CMD: QueryRep, QueryAdjust Action: Return to ready Reply: None. Note 2CMD: All other Action: Return to arbitrate Reply: None.

CMD: QueryAdjust, QueryRep [slot=0]Reply: New RN16

CMD: QueryRep, QueryAdjust [slot <> 0]Reply: None

CMD: ACK [valid handle]Reply: PC, UII, CRC-16CMD: Req_RN, Read, Write, Lock, BlockWrite, BlockEraseReply: See state-transition tablesCMD: Kill [valid handle & kill password = 0] or [invalid handle]Reply: Error codeCMD: Access [valid handle & valid access password] or [invalid handle]Reply: handle when done

CMD: ACK [valid RN16]Reply: PC, UII, CRC-16

AUTO-ID LABS

Testing & Certification


AUTO-ID LABS HAG - T&C

UHF Gen 2 Testing and Certification Working Group Approved by EPCglobal legal counsel - 24 March

2005

Objectives Review Gen 2 Certification Test Plans for RF and

Protocol Testing currently being developed by MET Labs and its partner, CETECOM Spain.

Provide technical feedback on UHF Gen 2 Certification Test Plans via comment matrices.

Actively resolve all technical feedback through comment resolution process.


AUTO-ID LABS Activities

Conformance Trade Marking Compliance Specification Sheet

Owned by EPCglobal Vendor Neutral Keyed to TID, so system can pull compliance information from

the EPC Network

Testing philosophies RF Interface

Connector or radiated Interoperability Compatible

Parameter Matrix EPC compliant devices will have a matrix identifying what

parameters were tested


AUTO-ID LABS T&C - Working Documents

Protocol Requirements Requirements of test equipment for C1G2 and measurement

requirements of both, interrogators and tags, for testing operating procedures and commands in the Tag-identification layer

RF Requirements Requirements of an RF test system for testing the physical

interactions, i.e. the signalling layer of the communication link between C1G2 Interrogators and Tags

Protocol Protocol test system for testing operating procedures and

commands of the data link layer of a layered network communication

Design Interoperability Test system for the operating procedures for testing end-to-

end functionality between two communicating RFID devices

AUTO-ID LABS

Requirements - Item Level Tagging


AUTO-ID LABS Requirements Group

New Group, established in July 2005Initial Membership limited to 10 members from Fast Moving Consumers Group, 10 members from Healthcare & Life Sciences

Group 10 members from HAG A member of the Auto-ID Labs A member of the Architecture Review Committee

(ARC)


AUTO-ID LABS Proposed CharterTo develop requirements for an Item-Level Tagging Specification including but not limited to a) Minimum and maximum tag read and, if appropriate, write rangeb) Minimum and maximum tag read and, if appropriate, write ratec) Security requirements including general type, encryption strength, and key managementd) Privacy features, including consideration of worldwide regulationse) Memory features, including size and organizationf) Read and write reliabilityg) Complete description of physical operating environments common in the handling of individual items in the supply chain – needs to reflect environments for both HLS and FMCG supply chainsh) Other requirements and expectations as decided by the JRG

AUTO-ID LABS

Software Action Group


AUTO-ID LABS SAG - Mission

The definition of software interface and other standards both within the EPCglobal Network elements and between these and other elements of enterprise systems distributed over a number of enterprises and geographies.


AUTO-ID LABS Working Groups

Filtering and CollectionReader ProtocolReader ManagementObject Name Service (ONS)EPCIS (Information Services)SecurityTAG Data TranslationEPC Information Services Phase 2Tag Data Standards


AUTO-ID LABS


AUTO-ID LABS Filtering and Collection

Create a specification for a software application programming interface (API), associated data specifications, and reporting mechanisms, through which clients may obtain filtered, aggregated tag read data from a multiplicity of tag read sources.


AUTO-ID LABS Reader Management

Define a set of standard functions that enable configuration, provisioning, monitoring, and alarm notification of individual RFID readers. It will leverage the standard communication protocol defined by the Reader Protocol Working Group where applicable. This set of standard functions will provide a baseline for management operations, will be extensible for future revisions, and will provide the ability to accommodate vendor specific extensions.


AUTO-ID LABS Reader Protocol

Define the protocol specification for exchanging data and commands between hosts and readers, supporting functions such as reading tags, writing to tags, and killing tags.


AUTO-ID LABS ONS

Complete outstanding work concerning the Object Name Service. This includes bringing the "Object Name Service 1.0" document to the Standard Specification level within the EPCglobal standards development process. In addition to the base protocol specification, the group will also specify an application programming interface (API) for issuing ONS queries and an operational guidelines document that outlines industry best practices for the operation of DNS infrastructure.


AUTO-ID LABS Security

Deliver a set of recommendations to provide a security framework to ensure different levels (i.e. ‘low, ’medium’, ‘high’) of consumer information privacy, data authentication, integrity for both wireless and wired data transmissions, and mutual business confidence for collaborative business trading networksRe-charter, so that Security WG can develop the EPCglobal Certificate Profile that will be a normative document.


AUTO-ID LABS TDS Charter

The objective of this WG is to extend the current TDS specification to enable it to cope with potential issues associated with the expansion of subscribers, particularly to other sectors of industry.


AUTO-ID LABS Tag Data Translation

Develop the necessary specifications to express the current Tag Data Standards encoding and decoding rules in an unambiguous machine-readable format, which will allow any component in the EPC Network technology stack to automatically convert between the binary and tag-encoding and pure-identity URI formats of the EPC as appropriate. The motivation is to allow components flexibility in how they receive or transmit EPCs, to reduce potential ‘impedance mismatches’ at interfaces in the EPC Network technology stack. Reference implementations of software that demonstrate these capabilities will also be developed.


AUTO-ID LABS EPCIS

Produce an informative description of alternative interfaces (at a functional, not technical implementation level) for capturing, securing, and accessing EPC-related data, with supporting data model abstractions (metamodels) as appropriate to serve as input to BAG WGs to help them see "what's possible" as they consider Use Cases that leverage EPCIS. Present these informative interface descriptions to the EPCglobal community including the Architectural Review Committee (ARC) for technical direction and the BAG for business direction.However, Activities suspended to form and work on EPCIS Phase 2.


AUTO-ID LABS EPCIS Phase 2

The initial Working Group has completed a concise, preliminary functional description of EPC IS in the form of a slide presentation, and presented that description to BAG. The initial Working Group is also in the process of writing a more complete, user-level informative document, which, when delivered, will end the initial working group.This new EPCIS Working Group is chartered both to continue user level requirements gathering and documentation, and to create technical specifications within a narrowly defined set of objectives. The motivation for limiting the scope of this WG to a narrowly defined set of objectives is to expedite the specification writing and consensus building process.

AUTO-ID LABS

Graphical Illustration of roles


AUTO-ID LABS Tag Data Standards

An Example of How GTIN Integration Could Work With the EPC

EAN - 13 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 8

3 1234567 89012 0000000123456

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 8

Company Prefix Item Reference Check Digit )

Illustrative Example (EAN-13): 12 34567 89012 8

Remove Check Digit

Header EPC Manager Number Object Class Number Serial Number

GTIN

EPC:

1 23 456 7 89 01 28 >


AUTO-ID LABS Tag Data Translation


AUTO-ID LABS ONS


AUTO-ID LABS EPC Event Layers

Reader

RFID “Middleware”

Palletizer(Operational App)

EnterpriseApp

Reader Protocol

Reader

ALE

EPCIS

dozens of individual tag read events from specific antenna

“between the time the case crossed the first beam and the second beam at location L, the following tag was read”

“at time T, the association of the following case tags to the following pallet tag was created at palletizer #3”

R R


AUTO-ID LABS

EPCIS Concepts


AUTO-ID LABS Possible Retailer Implementation

Dist Center

Retail Store

Retail Store

Enterprise-wide Repository

Rdr Mware App

EPCISTrading partners

EPCIS Capture

EPCIS Query


AUTO-ID LABS

EPCIS Events

Operational Apps

Capture Application

Palletizer DockPortal

DockPortal

DockPortal

BackroomReceipt

Rack

CommissionObserve

ObserveAggregate

ObserveShipment

ObserveReceipt

ObserveDisaggregate

ObserveRestock

ObservePutaway

ImpactDoorway

ObserveShipment

Manufacturer Retailer

Dist Ctr Dist Ctr Store

Tagging Station

AUTO-ID LABS

EPCglobal Standards


AUTO-ID LABS HAG Standards

Ratified Standards C1G2 V1.0.9 C1G2 Conformance V1.0.2

Working Documents C1G2 V1.1.0 Testing & Certification

Protocol Requirements RF Requirements Design Interoperability Protocol


AUTO-ID LABS SAG Standards

Ratified Standard Tag Data Standards V1.27

Proposed Specification The Application Level Events (ALE) Specification,

Version 1.0

Candidate Specifications EPCglobal Object Name Service (ONS) 1.0 Tag Data Translation Version 3 June 2005

LCWD to Candidate Specification Reader Protocol 1.1


AUTO-ID LABS SAG Standards Cont

Last Call Working Draft Reader Management 1.0 TDS V1.3

Working Drafts ALE Futures ALE Compliance Security Working Drafts

ALE V2 EPCIS V6 Reader Protocol V1 Reader Management V2 ONSV2 Security Survey Security White Paper EPCglobal Certificate and Certificate Validation Profile EPCIS Service Binding Interfaces to Backend Applications


AUTO-ID LABS SAG Standards Cont

Working Drafts EPCIS

EPCIS-User Definition EPCIS_Web Services Definition Language EPCIS ContainmentProfile.doc AS2 Vs WebServices for EPCIS.doc

EPCIS Phase 2 EPC Information Services User Definition EPC Information Services

TDS V2.0 ONS Compliance

AUTO-ID LABS

ISO Standards


AUTO-ID LABS RF Regulations

Regulators Classify RFID as Industrial, Scientific and

Medical useISM bands 125-134 kHz (ISO 18000-2) 13.56 MHz or HF (ISO 18000-3) 433 MHz (ISO 18000-7) 860 to 960 MHz or UHF (ISO 18000-6) 2.45 GHz (ISO 18000-4) 5.8 GHz (no ISO standard)


AUTO-ID LABS Other RFID StandardsISO_IEC_18000-1

Reference architecture and definition of parameters to be standardizedISO_IEC_TR_18001

Application requirements profiles ISO_IEC_18046

RFID Tag and Interrogator Performance Test MethodsISO_IEC_TR_18047-2

Test methods for air interface communications below 135 kHz ISO_IEC_TR_18047-3

Test methods for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz ISO_IEC_TR_18047-4

Test methods for air interface communications at 2.45 GHz ISO_IEC_TR_18047-6

Test methods for air interface communications at 860 to 960 MHz ISO_IEC_TR_18047-7

Test methods for air interface communications at 433 MHz ISO_IEC_19762

Harmonised VocabularyISO_IEC_24710

Elementary Tag Licence Plate functionality, for 18000-2 to 18000-7


AUTO-ID LABS Other Relevant ISO Standards

ISO_IEC_15418 EAN/UCC Application Identifiers and Fact Data Identifiers and

MaintenanceISO_IEC_15424

Data Carrier Identifiers (including Symbology Identifiers) ISO_IEC_15434

Transfer syntax for high capacity ADC media ISO_IEC_15459-Parts 1 & 2

Unique identification of transport units Part 1: General Part 2: Registration procedures

ISO_IEC_15961 Data protocol: application interface

ISO_IEC_15962 Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions

ISO_IEC_15963 Unique identification for RF tags


AUTO-ID LABS EPCglobal submission to ISO

EPCglobal submitted C1G2 V1.0.9 to ISOPDAM to 18000-6 issued 26 Feb 2005 Preliminary Draft Amendment C1G2 will be 18000-6 Type C

PDAM Ballot Resolution MeetingSingapore, 7 June 2005 174 comments resolved

New FPDAM released 15 July 2005

FPDAM Ballot resolution Meeting Klagenfurt, Austria, 30 November 2005

AUTO-ID LABS

Regulatory Standards


AUTO-ID LABS UHF

The UHF tags will be able to be read by readers operating within 860 – 960 MHz range.The readers will be restricted to a small subset of this range depending on where in the world they are being operated.There are also regulations on the amount of power emitted by the readers depending on where the readers are being used.Therefore, a tag may be applied to an item and shipped anywhere in the world, but a reader has to be specifically set up for the region or country

Latest update on UHF from ISO WG4


AUTO-ID LABS

Map of the ITU regions


AUTO-ID LABS

ITU Region 1 (EU and Africa)EN300-220 & EN302-208

CEPT countries 869.4 - 869.65 MHz : 500mW erp : DC<10% 865.6 - 867.6 MHz : 2W erp : LBT

South Africa 869.4 - 869.65 MHz : 500mW erp 915.2 - 915.4 MHz : 8 W eirp

Note: all of the above operate in < 250kHz channels


AUTO-ID LABS

ITU Region 2 (Americas)FCC Part 15.247

USA, Canada and Mexico902 - 928 MHz : 4W EIRP FHSS, 500kHz wide channels permitted – relaxed emission requirements within the whole band.

Central & South AmericaGenerally similar to North America but varies from country to country.


AUTO-ID LABS ITU Region 3 (Asia)

Australia 918 - 926 MHz : 1W EIRP 920 – 926 MHz : 4W EIRP

Experimental Strict conditions apply

New Zealand 864 - 868 MHz : 4W EIRP

Elsewhere in Asia Generally follow CEPT some exceptions below China 917 to 922 2W ERP Hong Kong 865-868 2W ERP & 920-925 4W EIRP Japan 952 - 954 MHz : 4W EIRP (licensed) Malaysia 919-923 MHz, 2W ERP Singapore 866-869 MHz 0.5W ERP & 923-925 2W ERP (licence) South-Korea 910 – 914 MHz Taiwan 922-928 1W ERP (indoor) 0.5W (outdoor)

AUTO-ID LABS

Australian 4W RFID licence


AUTO-ID LABS Experimental Licence

The original licence for RFID 1W EIRP, 918 to 926 MHz

Experimental 4W EIRP Licence Granted to GS1 Australia 12 July 2005 Operates from 920 to 926 MHz Only licence that will be granted

Statistics needed to determine possible interference to Vodaphone Receiver base station at 915 MHz


AUTO-ID LABS GS1 Contact

For details contact Fiona Wilson [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

AUTO-ID LABS

Adelaide, Auto-ID Lab

Contract Research via RFID Automation


AUTO-ID LABS Background

Established in 2002 by the Auto-ID Center, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

One of 7 Auto-ID Labs around the world Others are in UK, USA, Japan, China,

Switzerland and Korea

Now funded by EPCglobal Inc

Contract Research available at the Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide


AUTO-ID LABS Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide

Core Research

Applied Research Integration Applications

Technical Services

Education


AUTO-ID LABS Research Projects

The design of cost effective and small footprint tag antennas, suitable for attachment onto metal surfaces.Interference studies in high density reader environments.Electromagnetic propagation studies applicable to European RegulationsHigh security authentication tagsDual frequency tags, ones that employ UHF techniques for supply chain applications and then HF for item management applications.Passive RFID chip design (modules for implementation)Analysis and measurement of new forms of reader to tag signalling


AUTO-ID LABS Research Projects Cont

Analysis of measuring equipment, i.e. understanding the test regulations with respect to the forms of signalling employed by RFID readersAnalysis and development of reader architecturesAutonomously networking tags (Class IV)Trigger circuits for battery assisted tags.An analysis of noise sources in RFID readersUniversal Class 2 tagsFilters that may be required to reduce spurious emissions (Japan and Australia)The use of LF RFID in applications where HF and UHF may not provide an adequate RFID solution, such as in granular media.Merged EAS and RFID tag


AUTO-ID LABS Contract Research

Available via RFID Automation Separate from the EPCglobal funded work Commercial Infrastructure

Adelaide Research & Innovation Pty Ltd Intellectual Property Protection


AUTO-ID LABS

Australasian Adoption Research Initiative

Established in April 2005Mechanism for the Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide to conduct research into RFID that is relevant to Australian and New Zealand industry.Foster adoption of the RFID technology being developed by EPC Global. Enables participation by companies across a broad range of industries and applications, to network and gain access to the wealth of expertise and experience in RFID.Act as Industry Reference Group for the adoption of RFID including consultation and advice to SMEs and Governments.


AUTO-ID LABS Benefits of membershipOpportunity to input into the direction of research programsAccess to hosted visits at the Labs Invitations to industry networking meetings designed to

keep you informed of key technical and management issues and industry developments

enable you to meet your peers in an informal setting (usually over dinner at a university site) to facilitate business relationships

Access to technology advances through regular activity reports issued by the LabReceive notices of specialist RFID related seminarsReceive periodic reports on EPCglobal’s HAG and SAG action groupsPriority access to personnel at Auto ID Labs Adelaide as well as access to extensive test equipment on agreed basisAbility to access information on RFID vendors and solution providers and have the ability to check their compliance statementsCustomised meetings – arrange presentations seminars and laboratory visits for members in response to requests for university research contacts

AUTO-ID LABS

Conclusions


AUTO-ID LABS ConclusionsLots of RFID Experience and Activity in AustraliaMany RFID related Standards PublishedMany people working on those standards

> 1500 people within EPCglobal workgroupsEPCglobal standards are ratified ONLY after artefacts have been validatedEPCglobal working on both Technical & Business StandardsSecurity is a big focusMulti-vendor support for the standardsConformance documents being published/developedUHF band opening up

Many GS1 countries already have band allocationsAustralia well placed (2nd best in the world)

4W EIRP 12 by 500 kHz wide channels

Auto-ID Lab, Adelaide Australasian Adoption Research Initiative RFID Automation

AUTO-ID LABS

Questions


AUTO-ID LABS Further Information

Alfio GrassoDeputy DirectorAuto-ID Lab, AdelaideGeneral Manager

RFID AutomationUniversity of AdelaideWeb: www.rfidautomation.orgEmail : [email protected]: (08) 8303 6473Mob: 0402 037 968

http://www.rfidautomation.org/

mailto:[email protected]