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Definition:Construction designed to bridge a large vertical distance, by dividing it into smaller vertical distances called steps.
Different parts of staircase:STEP--Tread-RiserBALUSTRADE--Baluster-Handrail-
Newel Post
Guide lines for fixing the dimensionsGuide lines for fixing the dimensions
Rise (R) : 150mm to 180mm Tread (T) : 220 mm to 250 mm- for residential buildings.
Rise (R) : 120 to 150 mm Tread (T) : 250 mm to 300 mm – for public buildings
[T + 2R] : Between 500 mm to 650 mm
The width of the stair• 0.8 m to 1 m for residential building and • 1.8 m to 2 m for public building.
Guide lines for fixing the dimensions Guide lines for fixing the dimensions Contd…Contd…
• The width of the landing is equal to the width of stairs.
• The number of steps in each flight should not be greater than 12
• The pitch of the stair should not be more than 38 degrees.
• The head room measured vertically above any step or below the mid landing shall not be less than 2.1 m.
• The height of the balusters should be around 0.75 to 1 m.
• The space between two balusters should not be more than 30 -40 cm.
Based on shape
• Straight stairs• Dog legged stairs• Open well or open newel stairs• Geometrical stairs such as spiral, circular, etc.• Free standing stair cases• Bifurcated staircase
Open Well or Newel stair casesOpen Well or Newel stair cases
I- FLIGHT
II- FLIGHT
III- FLIGHT
LANDING
WITH INTERMEDIATE FLIGHT WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE FLIGHT
OPEN WELL
OPEN WELL
Types of staircases based on materials
• Stainless steel • Timber/Wood• Glass• Iron• Aluminium• Concrete
Tuscan StaircaseCharacteristic to the Tuscan style are clean lines and strong visual elements such as steel balusters, cut stringers, with paint finishes that highlight clear-finished treads and continuous handrails.Tuscan stairs were often tiled over concrete.
Stepsure Winder SystemEasier to negotiate than triangular winders Provides a spacious passing point
Victorian StaircaseVictorian staircases have a solid architecture style, strong on decoration, with large newel posts, elaborate turnings, and complex tread bracket designs. Elaborate handrail contours and patterns, handrails were often larger (80mm * 60mm) and continuous. Timbers are deep in colour, or are stained to a rich dark finish.
Glass Staircases
These are made by using stainless steel bars and brackets, and thick glass slabs as treads.
Disappearing Steps
They work by having the frame of the stairs slide out from the wall, powered by hydraulic pistons, and having the stair planks fold over the frame one at a time. When finished, the stair frame slides back in the wall and the planks stand straight up, flush against the wall.
by Olafur Eliasson, 2004, Munich, Germany.
These staircase are not a structural but just an aesthetic element of design
Staircase as a Sculpture