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St. Kitts and Nevis Sustainable Energy Plan. Initial Stakeholders Meeting June 13, 2006. St. Kitts and Nevis – A Clean Energy Nation. The Federation Government has expressed its commitment to increasing the sustainability of the energy sector. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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St. Kitts and Nevis Sustainable Energy PlanInitial Stakeholders Meeting
June 13, 2006
St. Kitts and Nevis – A Clean Energy Nation
The Federation Government has expressed its commitment to increasing the sustainability of the energy sector.
Sustainability may be achieved through the diversification of electricity generation, increased use of renewable natural resources, increased energy efficiency and conservation, and improved transportation systems.
Who Is GSEII?
Global Sustainable Energy Islands Initiative
Formed as an informal partnership in 2001 – in response to St. Lucia’s commitment to become a sustainable energy demonstration country
Partners: OAS ESG The Climate
Institute UNIDO UNF Partner countries
What is the history of SEP development in the Eastern Caribbean? St. Lucia Prime Minister Kenny Anthony made
first formal commitment at the Hague in 2000 St. Lucia SEP developed via a consultative
process St. Lucia SEP adopted by Cabinet in 2005
Dominica and Grenada SEPs prepared in 2003 Adopted as operational plans by Public Works
(Energy) Ministries SEP implementation in each of three countries
Why Should St. Kitts and Nevis Care about the Energy Sector?
High price of electricity – Caused by: total dependence on imported petroleum for
electricity generation…high price of petroleum (US$70+/barrel)
Inefficiency of small diesel gen-sets High maintenance requirements/poor
reliability of small diesel gen-sets results in electricity outages
Negative Environmental impacts associated with diesel powered generation
Goals for a Sustainable Energy Plan
Increased economic development Reduce fossil fuel imports Increase development and use of domestic natural
resources Increase local employment and energy sector
opportunities Lower energy costs Attract technology transfer/foreign investment
Improved environmental protection Local environment (improved tourism appeal) Global environment (mitigate climate change
emissions)
Defining a Course of Action
The Government of St. Kitts and Nevis, in collaboration with GSEII may prepare the way for Clean Energy Development through the development of a Sustainable Energy Plan Articulate national goals and priorities for the
energy sector Establish specific energy sector targets
• Renewable energy utilization• Energy efficiency/conservation
Articulate actions required to achieve the stated goals
Elements of a SEP
I. Outline Current Energy Conditions
A. Legal Structure - Electricity• State run utilities control generation, transmission
and distribution• St. Kitts Electricity Department• NEVLEC
• Limited or no opportunities for private power generation
• Regulated pricing (Current Prices?)• Subsidies required to maintain “affordable
electricity?” (Level of subsidies?)
I. Outline Current Energy Conditions, Cont.
B. Electricity Generation portfolio• Installed capacity • Demand characteristics• Key consumers (tourism, medical
school, light industry, government, etc.)• Projections for expansion
St. Kitts Nevis Unit
ParameterSt. Kitts Electricity
Department Nevis Electricity
Company (NEVLEC)
Diesel units 7 7 #
Installed capacity 33.5 13.7 MW
Electric efficiency 40 35 %
Average load factor 0.73 0.74
Fuel type Gasoil (diesel fuel) Diesel fuel #2
Fuel cost 0.42 0.49 US$/L
Electricity price 0.169 0.19 US$/kWh
Summary of Generation Characteristics (July 2005)
Fuel Extraction and Treatment
Imported Primary Energy
Conversion Technology
Diesel Gen Sets (33.5MWe)
Conversion Technology
Diesel Gen Sets(13.7MWe)
Electricity distribution
Domestic Commerc./Indust. General / loss. Street light/loss.CommercialResidential
Satisfaction of Human Needs
Imported Primary Energy
Electricity distribution
Energy Sector St. Kitts and Nevis
St. K
itts E
lectr
icity
Depart
ment
509 TJpGas Oil
1082 TJpDiesel Oil
121.6 GWh 47.7 GWh
39.8 GWh 55.0 GWh 26.8 GWh 12.2 GWh 24.4 GWh 11.1 GWh
Projections for Demand Growth – St. Kitts
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Year
An
nu
al p
eak
dem
and
(M
W)
Base Min Max
[1] Source: Generation Expansion Plan (2005-2015), St. Kitts Electricity Department (2005)
Projections for Demand Growth - Nevis
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
year
An
nu
al P
eak
Dem
and
(kW
)
Base Min (-20%) Max (+20%)
I. Outline Current Energy Conditions, Cont.
Transportation Sector Government purchase and sale of
gasolineCost of gasoline at the pump?Subsidies to maintain affordable gas
prices?Transportation infrastructure plan?Average age of vehicle fleet?Organization of public transportation?
II. Establish SEP Energy Sector Targets
A. Electricity Sector Demand reductions (DSM; EE)
• 2011: Reduce demand by X%; X MW installed; X GWh generated
• 2016: Reduce demand by X%: X MW installed; X GWh generated
Renewable Energy Installations• 2011: X MW (X% of projected demand)• 2016: X MW (X% of projected demand)
GHG Emissions Reductions: X% reduction in diesel consumption/X% reduction in GHG (TOC)
II. Establish SEP Energy Sector Targets, Cont.
B. Transportation Sector Improve mileage efficiency of vehicle fleet
by X% Improve/increase use of public sector
transportation Produce locally, for transportation use, X
gallons of ethanol Import hybrid vehicles, E85 vehicles and
other alternative fueled vehicles as appropriate
III. Outline Potential Mix of Sustainable Energy Technologies
Grid-tied renewable energy alternatives
Household and off-grid renewable energy alternatives
Energy efficiency measures Transportation sector measures
Likely Near-Term Grid-tied Renewable Energy Alternatives
Geothermal power generation on NevisSt. Kitts and Nevis participates in the
GEF/UNEP sponsored Geo-Caraïbes Project
Pre-Feasibility study (geology, geochemistry and prelim geophysics) suggests 10MW+ potential in the Bath/Farms Estate area
Likely Near-Term Grid-tied Renewable Energy Alternatives
Biomass to Energy on St. Kitts Utilize sugar cane and municipal
solid waste to produced ethanol and electricity
Need to assess optimal utilization biomass
• Sufficient feedstock for commercial production?
• Economical to revitalize sugarcane crop?
• Long term reliability of feedstocks?
• Potential for ethanol exports? GSEII embarking on commercial-
style feasibility study to determine biomass to energy potential
Likely Near-Term Grid-tied Renewable Energy Alternatives
Wind, OTEC and others Need site specific
resource assessments to determine potential
Wind – broad analysis• Average wind speed =
6.18 m/s (10 m height) (St. Kitts)
• Average wind speed = 7.89 m/s (10 m height) (Nevis)
Likely Near-Term Distributed Renewable Energy Alternatives
The most obvious opportunity for households, hotels, other buildings is solar hot water heaters Key opportunity to reduce
energy consumption Solar PV and distributed
wind show promise for buildings Possible interconnection
to the grid (net metering)
Likely Energy Efficiency Alternatives
Improvements to electric utility system (example Dominica)
Commercial and Household energy conservation/DSM
Commercial and Household use of energy efficient appliances and lighting
Implement EE standards and regulations Solar H20
Likely Transportation Sector Alternatives Increase mileage efficiency Incorporate hybrid vehicles Use of ethanol as a 10% blend (standard
vehicles) or high percentage (E85) blend in flex fuel vehicles
Improvements in public transport system Increase alternatives for pedestrian and
bicycle traffic (bike lanes)
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets Promotion of Grid-Tied Renewables
Liberalize electric utilities (including public private partnerships)
Mandate Renewable Energy Technology Use
• Renewable energy portfolio standard (require 10-30% of installed capacity from renewables)
Attract private power developers for alterative energy solutions
• Offer long-term PPAs• Offer tax and other fiscal incentives
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets
Promotion of Grid-Tied Renewables, Cont. Make firm commitments to key project opportunities
(geothermal, biomass, etc.) Deliver on government responsibilities related to
project developments (ie. Development of the sugarcane/feedstock supply, commit to long term PPAs, execute permits and licensing, etc.)
Increase human capacity/awareness• Establish utility training programs• Launch national education/awareness program
Seek international financing/resources for renewable energy feasibility and development (GEF, CDM, EU, World Bank…)
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets
Promotion of Distributed RenewablesNational Solar Water Heating Initiative
• National awareness initiative• Tax relief for solar water heating system
purchases• Solar hot water heating loan program
Encourage solar PV system deploymentAttract solar manufacturer/assembly
plant investment
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets
Promotion of Energy Efficiency Improvements Compact fluorescent lightbulb program (Cuba
or GSEII/Climate Care) Public buildings energy efficiency assessments
and retrofits Initiate comprehensive capacity building
initiative Catalyze the establishment of ESCOs Launch national DSM program Establish appliance and building norms and
standards Create/promote hotel “Green Globe Program”
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets
Cross-Cutting Electricity Sector IssuesElectricity system improvementsPromote Climate Change/CDM
strategy
IV. Potential Actions to Achieve Targets
Transportation Sector ReformsEstablish alternative fuel vehicle demo
fleetImpose regulations for higher
efficiency among vehiclesImprovements in public transportation
systemsModifications to roads/traffic patterns
V. Next Steps in the Development of a SEP Complete assessment of current conditions
– by 23 June Stakeholder dialogue and individual
consultations on priorities – by 30 June Draft 1 of SEP by GSEII distributed to
Stakeholders for review – by 15 July Revisions thru to Final Draft by 1 Sept Submission to Cabinet for Consideration by
15 Sept
Contact Information
Mark Lambrides [email protected] +1-202-458-6261
Kevin de [email protected] +1-202-458-
Maria [email protected] +1-703-
Thank You!