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INTRODUCTION

Nowadays robot has been widely used in various fields like industries, academic, researchand development, militaries and others. This chapter defines the robot, the project on

intelligent spy robot. The project is to build an intelligent spy r obot that has

capability to display the movement live on LCD, to detect if any obstacle on its path and

stops there, to detect chunks of metal and is equipped with laser which is replica for a gun .

1.1 Robots

Robots have increasingly being used in industries, especially in manufacturing and

assembling in major industrialized countries. There are some advantages of using robot, theyare:

o Reduce labour cost.

o Improved the work quality.

o Elimination of dangerous or undesirable jobs.

o Controlled and faster inventory.o Increase precision.

Robot that are capable to perform complicated motion and have external sensor such as

vision, tactile or force sensing are required for a more complicated applications such aswelding, painting, grinding and assembly. This is because these operations resulted in the

increase of interaction between the robot and its surrounding. A robot by definition is a

machine that looks like a human being and performs various complex acts, walking and

talking of a human being. It is also defined as fictional machine whose lack of capacity for

human emotions is often emphasized. By general convention a robot is a programmable

machine that imitates the actions or appearance of an intelligent creature such as human.

From the Robot Institute of America, robot is defined:

A robot is a programmable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, part,

tools or specialized device through variable programmed motion for the performance of a

variety of tasks.

British Robot Association (BRA) defines robot as:

A programmable device with a minimum of four degrees of freedom designed to both

manipulate and transport parts, tools or specialized manufacturing implements through

variable programmed motion for the performance of the specific manufacturing task (Al

Salameh, 2000)


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Need of Robots

Often, robots are used to do jobs that could be done by humans. However, there are many

reasons why robots may be better than humans in per for mining certain tasks.

SpeedRobots may be used because they are FASTER than people at carrying out tasks.

This is because a robot is really a mechanism which is controlled by a computer - and we

know that computers can do calculations and process data very quickly.

Hazardous Environment

Robots may be used because they can work in places where a human would be in danger.

For example, robots can be designed to withstand greater amounts of` heat

` radiation,

` chemical fumes

than humans could.

Repetitive Tasks

Sometimes robots are not really much faster than humans, but they are good at simply doing

the same job over and over again. This is easy for a robot, because once the robot has been

programmed to do a job once, the same program can be run many times to carry out the job

many times. And the robot will not get bored as a human would.

EfficiencyEfficiency is all about carrying out tasks without waste. This could mean` not wasting time

` not wasting materials` not wasting energy

Accuracy

Accuracy is all about carrying out tasks very precisely. In a factory manufacturing items,

each item has to be made identically. When items are being assembled, a robot can position

parts within fractions of a milli metre.

AdaptabilityAdaptability is where a certain robot can be used to carry out more than one task. A simple

example is a robot being used to weld car bodies. If a different car body is to be

manufactured, the program which controls the robot can be changed. The robot will then

carry out a different series of movements to weld the new car body


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1.2 Purpose of the Project

Defense Surveillance Robot project has been designed for the spying purpose. There are many spy or

surveillances camera widely used for home or organization security system .The design able to control

computer by using RF that have the wider range of transmit and receive data. With this device the hum

will able to control and see the wireless visual system via computer from other location

In military, the wireless camera has been used as their first line force to survey the enemy location frotheir base. By using this robot, they can save their soldier live because before they move to enemy locati

they already know the enemy situation and percentage to they win in the war will be increase. The m

objective behind making this robot is to provide little or small help to our police department and arm

It can be used for SPYING purposes to get the confidential details of anybody from remote area witho

making our life in danger. The camera which would be installed can provide the live streaming of the plac

where a human cannot reach ( especially during natural calamities like earthquakes).

To accomplish this task we have installed a robot with a camera which can help the

purpose of spying. Along with the camera we have installed other devices metal detector,

obstacle sensor and a laser ( used as replica for gun).

1.3 Objective

There are four main objectives in this project.

The first objective of this project is the wireless visual system which is used to human

monitor the robot vision via mobile. To build the wireless visual system, the wireless camera

will be applied on the robot and the wireless camera will transmit the visual around the robot

to the receiver on the LCD.

The second objective is to build the obstacle sensor that the robot capable to stop moving

when ther e are obstacles detected. To build a robot with ability to detect obstacle, the

obstacle sensor is needed. There are many type of obstacle avoider sensor. The regular

obstacle avoider sensor used is Infra Red sensor (IR) because it is easy to use and cheap. The

IR sensor operation is when there are object detected, the light on IR will shoot to the object

and deflect the light to IR receiver so that the voltage from drop from deflection will be

analyzed by the microcontroller to response.

The third objective is to build the metal detector that the robot is capable to detect chunks of

metal on its path and a buzzer alarm is initiated which detects the presence of chunks of

metal.

The last objective is to install a laser on the robot which can be used as a replica of gun to fire

on the enemy whenever an enemy is seen on the LCD screen


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BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

The DEFENCE SURVIELLIANCE ROBOT is better understood by explaining the block diagram units in tw

separate sections Viz.

1. Robot end (Receiver)

2. Remote (Transmitter)

Encoder HT 640

They are capable of encoding 18 bits of information which consists of 10 address bits and 8 data bits. T

programmable address/data is transmitted together with the header bits via an RF Transmitter.

RF Transmitter

433 MHz RF transmitter is used having 4 pin. This transmits the RF signal by using ASK. The range is up to 10

meters with no line of sight.

Microcontroller AT 89S52

The micro controller used here is 89S52 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8-bit micro controller with 8bytes of programmable flash memory. The 89S52 is the family of Intel 8051. It is powerful micro controller whi

provides high flexibility and cost efficient solutions to many embedded controller application. This is like brain the robot which operates the robot according to the user command. 40 pin Integrated Circuit and 8bit operati

which receives the signals from 4 ports.

Video RX

It is receiver part of wireless camera which will be connected to the laptop or PC using tuner card and live streami

will be done


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In the above block diagram we are used 89S52 microcontrollers which are a 40 Pin 8-bit, 32 I/O lines. This is t

brain of the whole circuit. The robot system consists of RF receiver 433MHZ to receive the commands from t

remote. Here the received data will be in RF signal where it is converted to digital data by RF receiver and inputHT648 decoder which decodes(demux) the digital data and input to microcontroller port1. And astab

multivibrator, to generate 38 kHz square wave for the IR transmitter and monostable multivibrator to receive t

signal from the TSOP to sense the obstacle on its way and IC ULN2803 driver with an electromagnetic relay

control the DC motor .The port 2 of microcontroller is used to control the direction(CLK/ANTCLK) and ON/OFcondition of two DC motor. Port 0 is used to receive signal from 555 monostable circuit which is triggered by TSO

1738.a brief description of all the blocks explained below.

Microcontroller AT 89S52

The micro controller used here is 89S52 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8-bit micro controller with 8

bytes of programmable flash memory. The 89S52 is the family of Intel 8051. It is powerful micro controller whiprovides high flexibility and cost efficient solutions to many embedded controller application. This is like brain

the robot which operates the robot according to the user command. 40 pin Integrated Circuit and 8bit operati

which receives the signals from 4 ports. It is programmed so to operate by receiving signal from RF receiver circthrough port 1.0 to port 1.4, and from 555 monostable circuit which is triggered by TSOP 1738 IR sensor throu

port 0.0 to port 0.2.and drives the motor through ULN2803 using port 2.0 to port 2.3.

IR Sensors The sensor used is the TSOP1738. It only senses the signal of frequency 38 kHz. This sensor is usedto avoid the reception of signals from other sources. The 38 kHz signal is only used by TSOP1738 so, it can be

horizontally mounted. It senses the reflected IR rays from 38 kHz IR source to detect any obstacle on its way .

Triggering circuit555 timer circuits are constructed in monostable mode, which in turn triggered by TSOP1738.

This in turn produces the high frequency pulse which is input to microcontroller port 0.

RF Receiver 433 MHz RF receiver is used having 8 pin. This receives the RF signal transmitted and converts iin to digital data signal. And these have a range of up to 100 meters with no line of sight.


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