ukyUnk ij fx)ukyUnk ij fx)ukyUnk ij fx)ukyUnk ij fx)ukyUnk ij fx)nsosUnznsosUnznsosUnznsosUnznsosUnz

cukjl fo'ofo|ky; ds fgUnh foHkkxkè;{k vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k izkphuijEijk ds lajpukoknh leh{kd FksA euq egkjkt ds o.kZ foHkktu vkSj L=hlacaèkh vkxzg vkfn esa mudh vVwV vkLFkk FkhA vusd fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh]ikB~;Øe lfefr ds izHkkoh lnL;] Fkhfllksa ds ijh{kd] fgUnh ds izlkj vkSjfodkl ds fy, LFkkfir vusd laLFkkvksa ds laj{kd vkSj [kqn vius fo'ofo|ky;esa ̂ Mhu vkWQ LVwMsUV~l* tSls egRoiw.kZ inksa dh ftEesokfj;ka laHkkys gq, O;Lrjgk djrs FksA ,d dSfcusV ea=h dh Fkhfll mUgksaus [kqn fy[kk;h FkhA 'kgj dses;j vkSj 'kjkc ds Bsdsnkj euksgj tk;loky dh iq=oèkq mUgha ds funsZ'ku esa'kksèk dj jgh FkhaA mudk O;fDrRo ,d ,sls oVo`{k dh rjg Fkk ftlus viuhewy tehu dh lkjh moZjk'kfDr dks lks[kdj mls cUè;k dj fn;k FkkA ftldsdksVjksa esa lka¡i] pexknM+] usoys vkSj fxjfxV lq[k pSu ls jg jgs FksA ftldhmUur 'kk[kkvksa ij cSBs fx) gj {k.k e`R;q dh Vksg esa nwj VdVdh yxk;s jgrsAfo'ofo|ky; esa fu;e Fkk fd dksbZ izksQslj nks lky ls T;knk foHkkkxkè;{k dsin ij ugha jgsxkA ysfdu vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds njckj esa lkjs fu;e&dkuwuik;nku dh rjg fcNs jgrsA dhpM+ vkSj xanxh iksaNus ds dke vkrs Fks lkjsfu;e vkSj dkuwuA

lqcgs&cukjl! iapxaxk?kkV dh lhf<+;ksa ij gks ;k BBsjh cktkj dh l¡djhxfy;ksa esaa pkgs tgk¡ gksA mlds vLr dk mRlo vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds njckj esa

vkseizdk'k okYehfdvkseizdk'k okYehfdvkseizdk'k okYehfdvkseizdk'k okYehfdvkseizdk'k okYehfd

egRoiw.kZ nfyr lkfgR;dkjA 30 twu 1950 dks cjyk] eqt¶QuxjmÙkj izns'k esa tUeA okYehfd us vius ys[ku ls nfyr lkfgR; dks cgqr le`)fd;kA vkRedFkk] dgkfu;ka] dfork] vkykspuk fy[kdj nfyr lkfgR; dks ,dBksl igpku fnyokus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk dhA nfyr foe'kZ ds Hkhrj dbZu, loky [kM+s djus dk Js; bUgsaa tkrk gSA nfyr lkfgR; esa vkUrfjdtkfrokn dks ysdj lcls igys loky bUgksaus gh mBk;kA ^twBu* vkRedFkkfgUnh nfyr lkfgR; dh 'kq:vkrh vkRedFkk jgh ftlus vikj izflf) gkflydhA ^twBu* ds iatkch] vaxszth] LohfM'k] teZuh] rfey] ey;kye] dUuM+lfgr reke Hkk"kkvksa esa vuqokn gq,A ̂ lyke* vkSj ̂ ?kqliSfB;s* dgkuh laxzgizdkf'krA ^lfn;ksa dk larki*] ^cLl% cgqr gks pqdk* vkSj ^vc vkSj ugha*dfork laxzg ds vfrfjDr ^nfyr lkfgR; dk lkSUn;Z'kkL=*] ^lQkbZ nsork*rFkk ̂ eq[; èkkjk vkSj nfyr lkfgR;* vkykspuk dh fdrkcsa Hkh izdkf'kr gqbZ±AfQygky miU;kl fy[kus esa O;Lr gSaA

lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %& lh&5/2] vkMZuSal QSDVjh bLVsV]nsgjknwu & 248008

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'ko;k=k 37 38

gh èkweèkke ls lEiUu gksrkA vkj ,l ,l vkSj fo|kFkhZ ifj"kn ds usrk tekgksrsA fo'ofo|ky; ds ,d&,d foHkkx vkSj ,d&,d O;fDr ds ckjs esa os lkjhlwpuk,a lkSaidj ea=.kknku ik;k djrs FksA vkpk;Z mrus cM+s laxBu dsxkWMQknj FksA dgk tkrk gS fd fo'ofo|ky; ds ml flagihB ij jgrs gq,pwM+kef.k th us d'ehj ls dU;kdqekjh vkSj vle ls xqtjkr rd ds fgUnhfoHkkxksa dks vius izHkkeaMy ls vkPNkfnr dj j[kk FkkA foHkkxkè;{kksa vkSjizksQsljksa ds vykok u;s ysDpjj vkSj pijkfl;ksa rd dh fu;qfDr mUgha dhejth ls gksrh FkhA ßrsjh lÙkk ds fcuk gs izHkq eaxy ewy] iÙkk rd fgyrkugha----Þ

os vLlh ds n'kd ds izkjfEHkd o"kZ FksA rc ̂ XykluksLr* vkSj ̂ isjksL=ksbdk*tSlh ?kVuk,a lksfo;r :l esa ugha gqbZ FkhaA ̂ ikVhZ gsMDokVZj* dks èoLr djusdh lkaLd`frd ØkfUr dh vihy dk mRlkg FkkA in] izfr"Bk] mez vkSj vuqHkovkfn dh nqgkbZ nsdj dkSu bfrgkl dk jkLrk jksd jgk gS\ mldh [kkst djks!

fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ekDlZoknh fopkjèkkjk vkSj okeiaFkh v'oesèk dk ?kksM+kdkfynkl] HkoHkwfr] rqylh vkSj fcgkjh ds ckn eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr rd dksjkSanrk] fdlh dkykrhr lkSUn;Z'kkL= ds fy, Hkkxrk pyk tk jgk FkkA vLlhds n'kd ds mu 'kq:vkrh o"kks± esa vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ftruk {kqCèk] nq%[kh] mnklvkSj vkgr jgk djrs Fks mruk igys dHkh ughaA :[ks psgjs] c<+h nk<+h] èk¡lhvk¡[kksa ij p'ek yxk;s cM+s&NksVs dk lkjk fygkt NksM+dj cgl djrs] flxjsVihrs bl u;h okeiUFkh iztkfr dks ns[kdj os okdbZ cgqr f[kUu jgk djrs FksAlke vkSj nke! ,d fnu tc mUgksaus tys'oj ls dgk fd rqe cgqr ;ksX; vkSjgksugkj yM+ds gks rks og cs'keks± dh rjg g¡lus yxk& ßysfdu eq>s ukSdjh ughadjuh gS--- vkSj vki eq>s csotg nkuk Mky jgs gSaA eSa ;gk¡ ikVhZ dk dkedjus vk;k gwa¡AÞ

og egs'oj dh ikVhZ dk lfØ; vkSj mlh dk NksVk HkkbZ FkkA egs'oj ds

ckjs esa fdaonUrh Fkh fd ,d ckj usiky ds ,d igkM+h <kcs ij tkM+s dh lqcgxje&xje tysch vkSj ngh [kkrs gq, og ,d cw<+s vkneh ls cs&rjg my>x;kA cw<+k vkneh ckj&ckj dqN dguk pkgrk Fkk] ysfdu mls bldk voljugha fey jgk FkkA egs'oj us mls crk;k fd FkksM+k xk¡oksa esa yksxksa ds chp tkdjvki muds vuqHkoksa ls Hkh lh[ksaA cw<+k Fkd&gkj dj mBk vkSj pyk x;kA cknesa <kcs ds ukSdj us crk;k fd ;s phu ds ps;jeSu ekvks&Rls&rqax FksA vkxsegs'oj us tks dqN dgk vkSj fd;k og fdonUrh esa ugha gSA tys'oj mlhegs'oj dk NksVk HkkbZ FkkA fnu esa uqDdM+ ukVd djrkA dfork,¡ jprk vkSjjkr Hkj tkxdj 'kgj dh nhokjksa ij ukjs fy[kk djrk FkkA fo'ofo|ky; esamldh viuh e.Myh Fkh] tks ges'kk pqukSrh nsrh FkhA lkfgR;] dyk] laLd`frvkSj bfrgkl ij cgl djrh FkhA vkSj var esa ogh djrh vkSj dgrh Fkh tksegs'oj mls fpëh esa fy[kdj crkrk FkkA

vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k th ds ;ksX; f'k"; lqcksèk feflj ;w¡ rks 'kkUr LoHkko dsxaHkhj O;fDr FksA ysfdu vius xq#nso ds vieku vkSj {kksHk dks ns[kdj mUgksauspqipki dej dlhA fQj rks ekDlZoknh v'oesèk dk tks ?kksM+k lcdks jkSanrkpyk tk jgk Fkk] ,d fnu mldh yxke idM+ yh x;hA 'kkL=kFkZ dh dbZijEijk,¡ 'kq: gqb±A e'khuh urhts vkSj tM+ vkLFkk,¡ ,d&nwljs ls VdjkusyxhaA ,d rjQ dchj] izsepan] fujkyk vkSj eqfDrcksèk Fks rks nwljh vksjrqylhnkl] vkpk;Z 'kqDy vkSj gtkjhizlkn f}osnhA tkfgyksa vkSj tkfrokfn;ksadk lxBu vkj-,l-,l- lqcksèk feflj tSls tghu] i<+kdw vkSj la;ferO;fDr dk lalxZ ikdj u;h thouh 'kfDr ls Hkj x;kA viuh os'kHkw"kk vkSjjgu&lgu esa os 'kq) :i ls nsgkrh FksA dqrkZ] iktkek vkSj pIiy ds vykokdHkh&dHkkj muds dUèks ij lQsn xeNk iM+k gksrk FkkA vdlj lkeus okykmUgsa ns[kdj èkks[kk [kk tkrkA lqrhZ [kkus ds vykok vkSj dksbZ O;lu mUgsa Nwu ldk FkkA fL=;ksa ds ckjs esa muds ogh fopkj Fks tks dfo;ksa ds ckjs esa IysVksa

ukyUnk ij fx) 39 40 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

rSjrk gqvk fn[kk;h nsrk Fkk] ogk¡ tkdj mUgksaus ns[kk fd lkjs nsorkx.kvuojr vkRejfr ds f'kdkj viuh gh oklukvksa esa gLreSFkqu fd;s tk jgsgSaA pquko iwoZ vè;kid la?k dh ehfVax py jgh FkhA >k¡o&>¡ko] dk¡o&dk¡oAyksx D;k cksy jgs gSa\ xkscj vkSj xw esa fyFkM+s&iM+s 'kCnksa dh 'kDy [kks x;hgSA vpkud dkWelZ ds ,d eksVs eqLVaM Hkwfegkj izksQslj us HkkSfrd foKku dsnwljs dehZ izksQslj dks mBkdj eap ij gh ns iVdkA ykrksa vkSj ?kwalksa dsvuojr izokg esa uhps okys us Åij okys dk dku nk¡r ls dkV fy;kA [kwudh èkkjk vkSj ph[k ds chp ,d nkjksxk us MaMk QVdkjk& ßvki yksx yM+dksadks D;k i<+kvksxs\Þ mlus nksuksa dks èkfd;kdj ,d&nwljs ls vyx fd;kAcukjl fo'ofo|ky; dk ;g pyrk fQjrk ;FkkFkZ ikSjkf.kd vk[;kuksa vkSjfeFkd dFkkvksa ls Hkh T;knk vfo'oluh; vkSj ykseg"kZd FkkA

fuj{kjrk vkSj vKkurk ds v¡èksjs esa Mwcs xk¡oksa ds tks yksx 'krkfCn;ksa ls,d gh vUu [kkrs pys vk jgs gSa] vkSj tks yksx èkkjklkj cjlkr dh dkyhv¡èksjh jkr esa lk¡iksa] fcPNqvksa vkSj xksgksa ls iVh iM+h esM+ ij HkqdHkqdkrhykyVsuksa ds lgkjs cprs&cpkrs QkoM+k ysdj ukyh ck¡èkus pys tk jgs gSaA tksyksx Dokj dh tgjhyh èkwi esa cSyksa ds lkFk flj >qdk;s [ksr tksr jgs gSaA tkM+sdh vksl vkSj BaM esa dk¡irs&fBBqjrs tks yksx floku ds futZu lUukVs esa eghuksals lkjh jkr cSBdj flQZ fctyh dh izrh{kk dj jgs gSaA mu lkjs yksxksa dsthou esa tkfrlwpd 'kCn lÙkh eS;k ds pkSjs dh rjg futhZo dksus&v¡rM+s esaiM+k gqvk gSA 'kknh] lekjksg] rht] R;ksgkj ij os ogk¡ p<+kok p<+krs vkSj fQjHkwy tkrsA ogh tkfrlwpd 'kCn lH;rk vkSj vkèkqfudrk dk lekjksg eukusokys fo}kuksa dh bl cLrh dk ewy eU= cuk gqvk gSA pkjksa vkSj czkã.kjktiwrksa dks] jktiwr dk;LFkksa vkSj Hkwfegkjksa dks] Hkwfegkj dqfeZ;ksa dks xkfy;k¡ns jgs gSaA bl ckj vè;kid la?k ds pquko esa dqehZ viuk i{k r; ugha djik;sA bèkj efUnj dk egUFk] tks foKku ladk; dk Mhu Hkh gS] mlus iwok±py

dsA dYiukvksa ds fQrwj vkSj okfg;kr ds liuksa esa mudh dksbZ #fp u FkhAmudk T;knkrj le; iqLrdky; esa chrrk FkkA vkSj 'kke dks fu;fer xq#nsovkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds njckj esa tkdj pj.k&Li'kZ djrsA mu fnuksa xq#nso dkbdykSrk Jo.kdqekj ,e-,-vfUre o"kZ fgUnh ls dj jgk FkkA dHkh QqlZr esalqcksèk feflj mls ?kaVksa c<+k;k djrsA mUgsa bl ckr dk eu gh eu vQlkslFkk fd xq#nso dk iq= gksugkj ugha gSA cfYd ,dne ew[kZ vkSj cksnkA

og cukjl fo'ofo|ky; dk uotkxj.k dky FkkA u;s&u;s ysDpjj] o`)jhMj vkSj izksQslj ls ysdj DydZ 'kekZth vkSj pijklh jkenhu rd] lcdslkys&lkyh] csVs] cgw] nkekn vkSj thtk&thth rd fgUnh ls ,e-,-] ih-,p-Mh- dj jgs FksA ijh{kkvksa ls ,d jkr ifgys iku dh nqdkuksa ij ipsZ forfjrgksus yxrsA ftUgsa Øeokj Loj vkSj O;atu dk cksèk ugha Fkk os fiNys lkjsfjdkMZ rksM+dj èkM+kèkM+ izFke Js.kh ikl gksrs pys tk jgs FksA ̂ XyksCykbts'ku*ls cgqr igys gh ,f'k;k dk ;g lcls cM+k fo'ofo|ky; xk¡o dh 'kDy ysjgk FkkA iM+kslh ns'kksa ls cM+k ctV ysdj ekuo lalkèku ea=ky;] ;w-th-lh-vkSj lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- dk lafpr [ktkuk ;gk¡ dh xUnh ukfy;ksa esa vkSaèks eq¡gfxjk iM+k FkkA jkeuke dh ywV gS] ywV lds rks ywV---

vè;kid la?k dk pquko gksus okyk FkkA czkã.k] Hkwfegkj jktiwr vkSj dqehZviuh&viuh nqdkusa ltk jgs FksA mNy&dwn] ekjihV vkSj gkFkkikbZA bl;q)Hkwfe esa lc dqN tk;t FkkA vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k jktiwr ykWch ds egRoiw.kZLraHk FksA xqaMkokfgfu;k¡ mudk pj.k&jt ysdj èkU; gqvk djrh FkhaA Hkkjrh;laLd`fr vkSj jk"Vªokn dh Hkkouk txkus okyh ,d laLFkk ds czkã.k opZLo dks[kRe djds mUgksaus mls vius ekrgr dj fy;k FkkA

dqrkZ&iktkek iguus okys lqcksèk feflj ,d xjhc fdlku ds gksugkj csVsFksA cpiu esa gh mUgksaus 'krkRekvksa ds fuokZ.kksijkar ftl LoxZyksd dh dYiukdj j[kh Fkh] vkSj tks mUgsa èkoy :bZ ds cknyksa ij lqugys }hi dh rjg

ukyUnk ij fx) 41 42 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

ds lcls cM+s ekfQ;k MkWu] foèkk;d] uj gR;kvksa ds dq[;kr vijkèkh vkSjczkã.k lHkk ds vè;{k dh enn ls Hkwfegkjk s a ls rkyesy dj fy;kAvè;{k] mikè;{k vkSj egkea=h rhuks a lhVk s a ij czkã.k izR;kf'k;ksa dhthr ls jktiwr ykWch dks ydok ekj x;kA efUnj ds egUFk ds ;gk¡ feBkb;ksadk nkSj 'kke ls py jgk FkkA Hkwfegkj fo'ks"k :i esa vkefU=r FksA fot;ksYyklds dgdgs xw¡t jgs FksA

mèkj vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds njckj esa ,d yk'k j[kh gqbZ FkhA bfrgkldh yk'kA lkjs {k=i 'kksdeXu flj >qdk;s cSBs FksA ijkt; vkSj viekuls vkgrA fdadrZO;foew<+ la?k ds uxj lapkyd egkfre flag us vk;ZijkHko ds ewy ij fVIi.kh dh vkSj QqlQqlk;s & ßeqlyekuksa ls Hkh[krjukd gksrs gSa ;s l¡iksys! dqN u dqN t:j djuk iM+sxk bl ckjAÞ osyach lk¡l [khap dj mBs vkSj 'kke ds èkq¡èkyds esa dgha [kks x;sA

Bhd jkr ds ckjg cts tc yksx egUFk th ds ;gk¡ ls ykSVdj iku dhnqdku ij [kM+s gq, gh Fks fd jktiwrksa dh xqaMkokfguh us gkWdh vkSj yksgs dh jkMksa lsmu ij geyk dj fn;kA bl ckr dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[kk x;k fd czkã.kksa dslkFk dgha dksbZ Hkwfegkj u fiV tk;A ojuk] ;g lehdj.k LFkk;h gksdj nwjrd uqdlku djsxkA

FkksM+h nsj ckn xqaMksa dh ryk'k esa iqfyl vkSj ih-,-lh- dk Hkkjh tRFkkgkWLVy esa ?kqlkA ml le; lkjh ?kVuk ls cs[kcj yM+dksa dh le> esa dqN ughavk;kA ih-,-lh- tc Nk=oklksa esa tkrh gS rks mldk è;ku ?kM+h] ilZ vkSj#i;s] iSlksa ij T;knk gksrk gSA yM+dksa us ftUnkckn&eqnkZckn djuk 'kq: fd;kAykBh pktZ gksus yxkA 'kgj dksroky czkã.k FkkA ftys dk lh-ts-,e- Hkhczkã.k FkkA vkSj og Hkh] tks gk suk pkgrk Fkk fdlh xyh dk 'kk sgnk]fdlh uqDdM+ dk xq aMk ;k fdlh Fkkus dk nkjk sxk] ysfdu nqHkk ZX; lsizk sQslj cuk] phQ izkDVj Hkh czkã.k FkkA og xqLls ls FkjFkj dk¡irs

gq, ih-,-lh- okyks a dks yydkj jgk FkkA ,d toku ds flj ij iRFkjyxkA mlus nkSM+kdj yM+ds dks idM+k vkSj freaftys ij ys tkdj lhèks mBk;kvkSj uhps Qsad fn;kA

eghus Hkj ckn gksus okys Nk=&la?k ds pquko esa lkjk lehdj.k cnyusyxkA okeiaFkh izR;k'kh fot;kuan 'kkgh ekDlZoknh&ysfuuoknh fopkjèkkjk dkl'kDr nkosnkj cudj mHkj jgk FkkA firk Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa lLisaM]flapkbZ foHkkx esa twfu;j bathfu;j FksA 'kgj esa edku FkkA iSls dh fpUrk ughaFkhA vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k us lkspk fd ̂ fopkjèkkjk,¡ rks ifjorZu'khy gksrh gSaA mezvkSj ifjfLFkfr ls fuèkkZfjrA ewy lR; rks tkfr gSA* vkj-,l-,l- dh jktiwrvkSj Hkwfegkj ykWch us fo|kFkhZ ifj"kn ds f'kokuUn vks>k ds f[kykQ vè;{k inij 'kkgh dk leFkZu dj fn;kA okeiUFk dh 'kkunkj fot; ntZ gqbZA mlh iSuydk nwljk gfjtu izR;k'kh ek= ipklh oksV ikdj ohjku vkSj cstku iljhlM+d ij vdsys ØkfUrokn ftUnkckn fpYykrk pyk tk jgk FkkA tc Fkd x;kvkSj e¡qg ls >kx vkus yxk rks txthoujke Nk=kokl ds vius dejs esa tkdjHkw[ks isV lks x;kA

ml le; vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds fjVk;j gksus es nks o"kZ vkSj ckdh FksAblfy, tc mudks ^ekbYM gkVZ vVSd* gqvk rks yksxksa us mldh rjg&rjgdh O;k[;k dhA fdlh us crk;k fd njvly] ;g gkVZ vVSd egt ,d ukVdgSA vè;kid la?k ds pquko ds ckn ftu czkã.k izksQsljksa dks ekjk x;k gS mldsfy, dqyifr us gkbZdksVZ ds ,d fjVk;j tt ls tk¡p 'kq: djk nh gSA og mlhtk¡p lfefr ls cpus dk cgkuk gSA

;g ckr lp gS ;k ughaA ysfdu ;g t:j gS fd g¶rs Hkj igys tc bltk¡p lfefr dh ?kks"k.kk dh x;h Fkh rks vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k dh izfrfØ;k ;gh Fkhfd & ßdqyifr czkã.kA gkbZdksVZ dk fjVk;j tt czkã.k! blesa tk¡p djkusls D;k\ ,d rjQ QSlyk gksxk---

ukyUnk ij fx) 43 44 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

ßblesa gksxk D;k xq#nso\Þ & ikl cSBs ,d yM+ds us] tks fo'ofo|ky;esa Bsds ysrk gS] iwNkA

vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k eqLdjk;s& ß,d jftLVj xUnk gksxkA tt lkgc fjVk;jgks pqds gSaA nl&chl ckj ,-lh- dk fdjk;k vkSj Hkkstu&ikuh dk dqN iSlkfey tk;sxkAÞ elun ij FkksM+k mBaxdj mUgksaus nhoku ds uhps ls ihdnku[khapk vkSj daB rd Hkj vk;h ?k`.kk dks fiPp ls Fkwd fn;kA

dqN yksx bl gkVZ vVSd dh O;k[;k fcydqy nwljs <ax ls dj jgs FksAmu yksxksa dk dguk Fkk fd ân;ghu yksxksa dks gkVZ vVSd dSls gks ldrk gS\gks u gks] ;g HknSuh dh ml gosyh dks gkjus dk nq%[k gS ftlesa iPphl #i;kfdjk;k nsdj vkpk;Z fiNys iSarhl lkyksa ls jg jgs gSaA mudk viuk edku]ih-MCyw-Mh- foHkkx ds crkSj vkWfQl] vBkjg gtkj #i;s fdjk;k ij mBkgSA vc vxj mUgsa vius edku esa tkuk iM+k rks gj eghus vBkjg gtkj#i;s dk ?kkVkA

gkyk¡fd bl ckr esa Hkh dqN ne ugha gSA D;ksafd vkpk;Z ds f[kykQ QSlykflQZ fupyh vnkyr ls gqvk gSA Åij dh vnkyr us ̂ LVs* ns fn;k gSa bldsckn rks gkbZdksVZ gSA fQj lqizhe dksVZA rc rd vkpk;Z dh rhu ihf<+;k¡ blesaxqtj tk;saxhA

bu lc ckrksa ds vykok] dqN yksx tks T;knk gh d`r?u cqf) ds gksrs gSavkSj csotg gj le; gj fdlh dh nhoky esa Nsn djds ogha pkSchl ?kaVs vk¡[kxM+k;s jgrs gSa] gj NksVh&cM+h ?kVuk esa tks yksx iq=ksa] cgqvksa vkSj csfV;ksa dks[khap ykrs gSa] mu lcdk dguk Fkk fd ̂ fjVk;jesaV* utnhd gSA csVk ,e-,-esa gSA dqyifr fiNys nl lkyksa ls fo'ofo|ky; ds #ds baVjO;w dks jkr&fnudjkus ds fy, vkeknk gSA vxj bl le; baVjO;w gks x;k rks esjs Jo.kdqekjdk D;k gksxk\ fQj rks vxys nl lky rd baVjO;w ugha gksxkA njvly] ;ggkVZvVSd Jo.kdqekj dh fpUrk ls gSA

ys&nsdj ;gh ckr lR; ds T;knk djhc gks ldrh FkhA D;ksafd vLirkyds izkbosV okMZ esa HkrhZ vkpk;Z dks tSls gh ;g ckr irk yxh fd foHkkx esa baVjO;wdh rkjh[k r; gks x;h gS] mUgksaus MkWDVj ds euk djus ds ckotwn vius dksiw.kZr;k LoLFk ?kksf"kr fd;k vkSj fjD'kk idM+dj lhèks foHkkx ds fy, py iM+sA

ml fnu foHkkx esa vQjk&rQjh eph FkhA yksx vuqeku yxk jgs Fks fdvHkh rks vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k gkVZ vVSd ds ejht gksdj vLirky esa HkrhZ gSa]blfy, uacj nks ds jhMj vkpk;Z Hkos'k ik.Ms; th vè;{k dh gSfl;r lsbaVjO;w cksMZ esa cSBsaxsA & ßysfdu os dSls cSB ldrs gSaÞ & fdlh us 'kadk tkfgjdh & ßos rks [kqn gh izksQslj in ds izR;k'kh gSa] vkSj nwljs mudh iq=oèkwysDpjjf'ki ds fy, vfIydSaV gSAÞ nwljs us izfrokn fd;k & ßgks ldrk gS osjhMj okys baVjO;w cksMZ esa cSBsaAÞ

foHkkx esa T;knkrj u;s ysDpjj tks fnu esa nks cts vkrs vkSj foHkkx lsnwljs dh Mkd mBkdj pqipki pys tkrs] os lkjs yksx vkt lqcg nl ctsls gh vkus 'kq: gks x, FksA Hkos'k ikaMs; ds vklikl tek ;s yksx muds eQyjvkSj Vksih vkSj lqUnj LokLF; ds ckjs esa ckrsa dj jgs FksA Hkos'k ik.Ms; mlle; vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds gkVZ vVSd] baVjO;w dk ?kksf"kr gksuk vkfn dbZbZ'ojh; peRdkjksa ij vfHkHkwr xq#xaHkhj eqnzk cuk dj [kM+s FksA jhMj dsizR;k'kh ,d ysDpjj us dgk& ßxq#nso! vkius ,e-,- esa tks dkek;uh dhO;k[;k i<+k;h Fkh og rks vkt rd ugha HkwyrhAÞ

ikaMs; th eqLdjk;s & ßvjs HkkbZ! eSa rks chl lkyksa ls m)o 'krd gh i<+kjgk gw¡AÞ

yksx g¡l iM+sA

ßiUnzg fnu ls lwjt ugha fudykÞ & ikaMs; th us ekSle ij fVIi.kh dh& ßMhu flugk th ds ?kj tkuk gSÞ & vius Hkfo"; ls vk'kafdr og lM+ddh vksj ns[k jgs Fks & ßvktdy BaM ds ekjs fjD'ks Hkh ugha fudyrsAÞ

ukyUnk ij fx) 45 46 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

dkelZ foHkkx ds lkeus nks yM+fd;k¡ fjD'ks ls mrj jgh Fkha & ßge vHkhfjD'kk yk jgs gSa lj!Þ pijklh jkenhu gkFk ck¡èks ns[k jgk gS] rhu ysDpjjfjD'ks okys dks cqykus ds fy, nkSM+ iM+sA

Bhd mlh le; DydZ 'kekZ th us pgddj b'kkjk fd;k & ßmèkj lkeusfjD'kk vk jgk gSAÞ

lc yksxksa us ns[kk] èkksrh vkSj dqrkZA dqrsZ ij can xys dh dksVA flj ijQj dh Vksih vkSj dUèks ij d'ehjh 'kkyA vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k fjD'ks ij pysvk jgs FksA vc rd tks yksx ik.Ms; th dks ?ksjdj [kM+s Fks mudh flêh&fiêhxqe gks x;hA fdlh dks cgqr tksj dh is'kkc yxh rks fdlh dks Åij foHkkxesa dke iM+ x;kA tks rhu ysDpjj dkelZ foHkkx dh vksj x;s Fks] os fjD'ksokys dks ogha NksM+dj dSQsVsfj;k esa ?kql x;sA eSnku esa vdsys [kM+s jg x;sHkos'k ik.Ms;A ck?k ds lkeus lgeh uhyxk;A og fjD'ks ij cSBs vkpk;Z dksns[k jgs FksA tSls dksbZ dkyiq#"k pyk vk jgk gksA

& ßD;k ckr gS ik.Ms; th!Þ pwM+kef.k us fjD'ks ls mrjrs gq, iwNk] ßvkiyksx Dykl NksM+dj ;gk¡ [kM+s gSa\Þ

ßvkidk LokLF; dSlk gS lj\Þ ik.Ms; th us iwNk vkSj lQkbZ nh] ßMhuflugk th us lkjs foHkkxkè;{kksa dh ehfVax cqyk j[kh gSA ogha tk jgk FkkA vkiugha Fks lj] eq>s cgqr fpUrk FkhAÞ

ßflugk dks vkSj dksbZ dke ugha jg x;k gSA cSBs&cSBs jktuhfr NkaVrk gSAvkidks ogk¡ tkuk gSA tkb;s] viuk Dykl yhft;s!Þ pwM+kef.k th us fgdkjrls dgk & ßD;k eos'kh[kkuk cuk j[kk gS foHkkx dksAÞ mUgksaus 'kekZ th dkscqykdj dgk] ßogk¡ ls yM+dksa dks gVkb;s vkSj dfg;s] vius&vius Dykl esatk;saAÞ

ßvkSj lqfu;s] vki Mhu vkWfQl pys tkb;sA ehfVax dk ,tsUMk ys

vkb;sA vkSj crk nhft,xk fd ;gk¡ lcdh O;Lrrk,¡ gSaA le; iwNdjehfVax j[kk djsaAÞ

ßlj] lquk gS fd baVjO;w gksus okyk gSÞ & 'kekZ us crk;kA tSls lqLoknqHkkstu ds chp nk¡rksa esa dkbZ dadM+ Qal tk;A lkjk tk;dk [kjkcA cqjk lkeq¡g cukdj pwM+kef.k th us 'kekZ dks ns[kk & ßdSlk baVjO;w!Þ

ßlj! ;gk¡ lkjs vè;kid lqcg ls gh ik.Ms; th dks ?ksj j[ks gSaA g¶rsHkj ls dksbZ Dykl ughaA lquk gS Mhu us ik.Ms; th dks izksQslj vkSjfoHkkxkè;{k cukus dk vk'oklu ns j[kk gSAÞ & 'kekZ foHkkx esa vkpk;ZpqM+kef.k th dk [kkl vkneh gSA

rc rd ,d yM+dk vk;kA mlds lkFk fo'ofo|ky; Nk= la?k ds HkwriwoZvè;{k vkSj vc vkj-,l-,l- ds izkUrh; la;kstd lej flag Hkh FksA nksuksaus vkpk;Z dk pj.k Li'kZ fd;kA ßdfg;s] laxBu dk dke dSlk py jgk gS\Þvkpk;Z us iwNkA

ßogk¡ rks Bhd gS lj! ysfdu vki yksxksa us dE;qfuLV] og Hkh uDlykbVizR;k'kh dks thr tkus fn;k\Þ lej flag us fpUrk tkfgj dhA

ßrks D;k djrs! ;gk¡ ckHku ftrk nsrs\ ge cps jgsaxs rHkh fopkjèkkjk,¡jgsaxhAÞ & pwM+kef.k th us mudh ckr dks dksbZ roTtks u nsrs gq, iwNk &ßdfg;s] dksbZ dke gS\Þ

ßlj! budk ih-,p-Mh- esa jftLVªs'ku djkuk gSAÞ lej flag us lkFk okysyM+ds dh vksj b'kkjk fd;kA

ßvkius vkSj fdlh ls ckr ugha dh\Þ vkpk;Z jftLVªs'ku QkeZ dks i<+jgs Fks & fo"k;] ̂ fgUnh dfo;ksa dk vkS"kfèk KkuA*

ßbl fo"k; dk D;k eryc\Þ & mUgksaus yM+ds ls iwNkA

ukyUnk ij fx) 47 48 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

ßlj] vk;qosZn foHkkx esa 'kksèk ds fy, ^Ldkyjf'ki* gSA vki pkgsaxs rksfey tk;sxhAÞ yM+dk eqLdjk jgk FkkA

ßgksf'k;kj yx jgs gks] D;k uke gSAÞ

ßizrki flag lj!Þ

ßflag!Þ vkpk;Z us ns[kk & Ng QqV dk 'kjhjA LokLF; vPNk gSA eqLdjk;s& ßdqehZ rks ugha gks\Þ

ßugha lj! [kk¡Vh cfy;k dk g¡wAÞ

vkpk;Z us QkeZ ij gLrk{kj dj fn;sA

Åij foHkkxkè;{k dk dejk >kM+&iksaNdj lkQ dj fn;k x;kA vkpk;ZpwM+kef.k us mu yksxksa dks fonk fd;k vkSj Åij tkdj dqlhZ ij cSBsA ßflagihBij flag gh 'kksHkk nsrk gSÞ DydZ 'kekZ th Mkd ysdj vk x;s Fks vkSj crkjgs Fks& ßik.Ms; rks bl ij cSBdj pkjksa vksj ukprk vkSj fyfcj&fyfcjdjrk gSAÞ

ß'kekZ th] vkidks dqN irk gS baVjO;w dh rkjh[k D;k gS\--- vkSj lqfu;s]igys njoktk can dhft,AÞ & vkpk;Z us vkKk nhA

Hkhrj gh Hkhrj eU=.kk gqbZA mUgksaus fdlh dks Qksu fd;kA baVjO;w ls nksfnu igys ̂ LVs vkMZj* ds fy, vk'oLr gks x,A 'kekZ th mUgsa eqXèk ukf;dkdh rjg ns[kdj eqLdjk;sA vkpk;Z dk Bgkdk xw¡t mBkA ckgj dqN vè;kiddku jksis jsaxs jgs FksA dejs ls fudy jgs 'kekZ th dks mUgksaus n.Mor fd;kA

ßvkpk;Z dh rch;r dSlh gS 'kekZ th\Þ

dks<+ esa [kktA tkM+s esa ckfj'kA ekgkSy xje gSA dku vkSj eq¡g eQyj lsck¡èks izsr viuh&viuh dczksa ls ckgj fudy vk;s gSaA lqcksèk feflj us eglwlfd;k fd ftu okeifUFk;ksa ls mudk gqDdk&ikuh can Fkk] muls Hkh ueLdkj&canxhgksus yxh gSaA fQtk,¡ jax cny jgh gSaA gokvksa esa fgUnh foHkkx dk baVjO;w xw¡t

jgk gSa lgvfLrRo vkSj lekxe ds bl nkSj esa os vkpk;Z rd igq¡pus dhetcwr lh<+h cu ldrs gSaA okeiaFkh fopkjksa okys jk;lkgc ds lk<w dh ekSlhds cM++s okys nkekn dh NksVh okyh fcfV;k mlh xk¡o esa C;kgh x;h gS tgk¡ Mhuflugk th dh ufugky gSA os mèkj ls vk'oLr gSaA ysfdu bl pwM+kef.k dkdksbZ Hkjkslk ughaA tkfr igyh 'krZ gS ysfdu lqcksèk feflj dks rks nÙkd iq=dh rjg ekurk gSA vc viuk dke rks iz;kl djuk gSA os lqcksèk feflj dkscrk jgs Fks & ßvki è;ku nsa rks ik;saxs fd gekjh Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esaokn&fookn dh yEch ijEijk jgh gS] vkpk;ks± dk vius f'k";ksa rd lsokn&fookn gksrk jgk gSA xkxhZ vkSj ;kKoYD; dh ijEijk okys bl ns'k usfojksèkh fopkjksa dks O;fDrxr fgr&vfgr] ykHk&gkfu] thou&ej.k ls ÅijmBdj lEeku fn;k gSA vc nsf[k;s rks ,d rjg ls ;g iwjk foHkkx vkpk;Zth dk gh ikyk&ikslk gqvk gSA muds lkspus dk viuk <ax gSA vkSj eSa rksdgrk gwa fd mldh ,d cgqr yEch vkSj le`) ijEijk jgh gSA tgk¡ rdmuds futh O;fDrRo dk iz'u gS rks eSa rks ges'kk ls dgrk jgk gw¡---Þ & blbaVjO;w esa jk; lkgc dk Hkrhtk ysDpjj vkSj os [kqn jhMj in ds izR;k'khgSaA & ßvPNk rks eSa py jgk gw¡Þ mUgksaus lqcksèk feflj ls dgk & ßvki muds[kkl vkSj ;ksX; fo|kFkhZ gSaA vjs HkkbZ] vc rd vkidks viuh Fkhfll iwjhdj ysuh pkfg, FkhA [kSj] vHkh rks tks yksx jhMj gks tk;saxs] mudh vkSj dbZtxgsa [kkyh gksaxh vki xq#nso dks esjk iz.kke dg nhft,xkAÞ

uhphckx ds pkSèkjh izdk'ku ls pys vk jgs mikè;k; th us viuh [kVkjklk;fdy ij iSafMy ekjrs gq, lkspk fd ;g rks fjD'ks ls Hkh Hkkjh py jghgSA foHkkx rd igq¡pus esa ilhus&ilhus gks jgs FksA lk¡l nek ds ejht dh rjgpy jgh gSA tkrs gq, jk; lkgc dks ns[kdj mUgksaus Hkíh lh xkyh nh vkSjlqcksèk feflj ds ikl #ddj cksys& ß,d rks Hkqbagkj] nwljs tuoknhA dk dgjgk Fkk gks lqcksèk\ vHkh dy rd rks pwM+kef.k th dks xkyh nsrk FkkA Dykl

ukyUnk ij fx) 49 50 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

esa yM+dksa ls dgrk Fkk fd miU;kl ds fodkl esa izsepan vkSj ;'kiky ds lkFkxqy'ku uUnk vkSj jk.kw dk uke fy[k j[kk gS Hkqbagkjh Nk¡Vrk gSA llqj dqNrqe Hkh rks fy[kks! fd cl eqfDrcksèk dk xw pkVrs jgksxsAÞ mUgksaus ?kq.kk ls FkwdkvkSj eryc dh ckr djus yxs& ^lUr lkfgR; dk lkekftd ;ksxnku* esjhiqLrd ijlksa rd Nidj vk tk;sxh vkSj dkrj g¡lh g¡lrs gq, crkus yxs&ßlkjk iSlk edku cuokus esa yx x;k FkkA cgw dk eaxylw= ik¡p gtkj esacspdj ;g fdrkc Niok jgk gw¡A fpUrk ds ekjs uhan ugha vkrhA rhu jkrtkxdj lksprk jgkA vkt tkdj Qkbuy fd;kA eSaus ;g iqLrd vkpk;Z thdh iRuh dks lefiZr dj fn;k gSA vkxs Hkxoku dh ethZA izdk'kd lkys rksywV jgs gSaA dkxt vkSj NikbZ dk lkjk iSlk nsuk iM+k gSAÞ

'kkfUrdky ds chl o"kks± esa bl foHkkx ls flQZ rhu iqLrdkas dk izdk'kugqvk FkkA baVjO;w ?kksf"kr gksus ds ckn ls ;g iSarkyhloha iqLrd dh lwpuk FkhAtuknZu izlkn us vius dbZ 'ks;j tYnh&tYnh cspsA ,u-,l-lh- dh jdeHkquk;hA os izksQslj in ds izR;k'kh gSaA ,slk lquk tkrk gS fd muds edku dsHkhrj ,d cgqr cM+k gky gSA tgk¡ vdlj muds LVwMsaV~l nwljs fo'ofo|ky;ksals vk;h dkfi;k¡ tk¡prs jgrs gSa] ogha cSBdj vktdy ik¡p fo|kFkhZ jkr&fnuiqLrdsa rS;kj dj jgs gSaA iqLrdky; dh fdrkcksa ds iUus uksp&uksp djHkkjrh; dkO;'kkL=] ledkyhu lkfgR; dh Hkwfedk] jhfrdky dk dykRed;ksxnku] vkfn&vkfn xzUFk rS;kj fd;s tk jgs gSaA

dchjiUFkh xqálkèkuk vkSj myVck¡lh ds eeZK jhMj vkpk;Z egknso eqfuus ns[kk fd i'kqfpfdRlky; ds xHkkZèkku dsanz ij HkhM+ yxh gSA cfu;ku vkSjrger yisVs ,d gêk&dêk vkneh xk; ds uotkr cNM+ s dk dku idM+ s]iqpdkjrk pyk tk jgk gSA mUgks aus vk¡[kk s a ij tksj yxkdj ns[kk&yxjgk gS jedjuk gSA nk suk s a es a uun vkSj Hkk StkbZ dk fj'rkA mUgksausiqdkj yxk;h&ßiM+os ds lkFk dgk¡ tk jgs gks\Þ

lqcg&lqcg cfgj cdyksy us VksdkA dSls chrsxk iwjk fnu\ mUgksaus tokcfn;k& ßdku rks igys gh xk;c FkkA vaèks Hkh gks x;s D;k\ llqj cNM+s dksiM+ok cksy jgs gks\Þ

ßeSa rqels ugha] cNM+s ls iwN jgk gw¡Þ & dchjiUFkh vkpk;Z us jkedjuls dgkA

nksuksa ,d&nwljs ds djhc vk;sA vfo'okl vkSj ?k`.kk ,d&nwljs ds dkuesa eq¡g lVkdj QqlQqlkrh jgh] ßvjs HkkbZ] Mhu rqEgkjh fcjknjh dk gSAdguk] ,DliVZ dks lkèks jgsA ojuk ;g pwM+kef.k fVdus u nsxkAÞ

nksuksa us ,d&nwljs dks Hkjiwj rksykA vanktk] lquk vkSj lw¡?kkA fQjvyx&vyx fn'kkvksa esa FkksM+h nwj vkxs tkdj xqe gks x;sA pkjksa vksj izsevkSj ?k`.kk] la'k; vkSj vfo'okl dh euksje NVk QSy jgh FkhA

ysDpjj tSu lkgc! fjVk;j gksus esa flQZ Ng eghus ckdh gSaA bl ckjHkh dksbZ mEehn fn[kk;h ugha ns jgh gSA psgjs ij ek¡Nh fHkud jgh gSA fujhgvk¡[kksa ls fgUnh foHkkx dks ns[krs gq, mUgksaus vkg Hkjh & ßdSlk tekuk vkx;kA fo'ofo|ky; esa izksQslj jg gh ugha x;sA lc txg flQZ Bkdqj]Hkwfegkj] czkã.k vkSj ykyk gSaAÞ

ßdSlk Bkdqj] czkã.k] xq#nso! & lqcksèk feflj us dgk & ßeSa rks ik¡p lkyls ;gk¡ yksxksa dks ns[k jgk gw¡ vkSj eSa tc Hkh ns[krk gw¡] gj ckj eq>s viusxk¡o dk nsljkt ukbZ ;kn vkus yxrk gSAÞ

lqcksèk feflj iku dh nqdku ij [kM+s gksdj [kSuh ey jgs Fks rHkh mUgsadqN 'kksj vkSj idM+ks&idM+ks dh vkokt lquk;h iM+hA fgUnh foHkkx ds lkeusizkè;kidksa vkSj Nk=ksa dh HkhM+ FkhA yx jgk gS dksbZ lkbfdy pksj idM+k x;kgS& vkSj Bhd mlh le; mUgksaus ns[kk fd HkhM+ ds chp ls xq#nso f'koiky feJHkkxs tk jgs gSaA ihNs ,d gêk&dêk nkjksxk mUgsa nkSM+k jgk gS& ßidM+ks!idM+ks!!Þ xq#nso ds iSj esa twrk Hkh ugha gSA dksV ds lkjs cVu uqp x;s gSaA

ukyUnk ij fx) 51 52 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

ck¡g QVdj >wy jgh gSA os ljiV Hkkxs tk jgs gSaA fo'ofo|ky; dk fo'kkyQkVd mUgksaus ,d yach Nyk¡x ls ikj fd;k vkSj 'kgj dh HkhM+ esa] tgk¡ flusekds fVdV CySd gks jgs Fks] vkSj tgk¡ ik;y vkSj ?kqa?k: ds mnkl vQlkusykVjh ds fVdV csp jgs Fks] tkdj [kks x;sA

ßHkkx x;k gjkeh dk fiYykÞ & nkjksxk gkFk esa MaMk fy;s iku dh nqdkudh vksj vk jgk FkkA

ßD;k bUgksaus fdlh yM+dh ds lkFk dqN fd;k gS\Þ ,d ftKklq HkhM+nkjksxk ds vklikl f?kjus yxh FkhA

ßizkè;kid yksx rks ;g lc djrs gh jgrs gSaA eq>s bu lc ckrksa ds fy,QqlZr ughaAÞ nkjksxk gk¡Q jgk FkkA

ßfQj D;k gqvk\Þ fdlh us iwNkA

ßdkuiqj LVs'ku ij fxjgdVh djrk FkkA fdlh dh ekdZlhVsa vkSj fMfxz;k¡gkFk yx x;haA l=g lky ls mUgha ds Hkjksls ;gk¡ ukSdjh dj jgk gSA gn gSHkkbZ! fo'ofo|ky; gS fd paMw[kkuk! jafM;k¡ Hkh xzkgd dk eq¡g lw¡?kdj lkSnkdjrh gSAÞ & nkjksxk Nk=ksa vkSj izkè;kidksa dks fgdkjr ls ns[k jgk Fkk] ßdSls;gk¡ i<+us okys gSaA vkSj ^dqfyx~l* yksx D;k Hkwlk [kkrs gSa\Þ

ßmlds v.Mj esa 'kksèk dj pqds ipklksa Nk=ksa dk D;k gksxk\ os rks nwljsfo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ukSdjh dj jgs gSaÞ & fdlh us mRlqdrk izdV dhA

ßvc bl ckr esa dksbZ etk ughaAÞ HkhM+ nkjksxk ds vklikl ls N¡VusyxhA

ßyhft,] vc blh ckr ij iku [kkb;s!Þ nqdkunkj us iku dk xksy chM+kFkekrs gq, 'kekZ th dks cèkkbZ nhA ßfeJk eSnku ls ckgj gks x;kA vc vkidkjhMj cuuk dksbZ ugha jksd ldrkAÞ

'kekZ dk lk<w ^foftysal* esa ukSdjh djrk gSA yx jgk gS ekeys dks

mHkkjus esa blh dk gkFk gSA yksxksa us dkukQwlh 'kq: dh & ßvius LokFkZ dsfy, yksx fdl gn rd tk ldrs gSa! ;gk¡ fdlh ij Hkjkslk ughaAÞ f=ikBhth us fVIi.kh dh] ßvHkh dy rd ;s nksuksa xycfg;k¡ Mkys iwjs foHkkx dksxkyh nsrs FksAÞ

rsjg fnu gks x;sA lwjt ugha fudykA 'kke gksrs gh lkjk 'kgj ?kus dksgjsdh lQsn pknj vks<+dj mdMw¡ iM+k lks tkrkA yach vkSj lqulku jkrA dkSujks jgk gS\ 'kk;n dksbZ fd'kksj foèkok gS! ysfdu bruh eekZUrd osnuk! t:jdksbZ o`) foèkqj gksxkA LVªhV ykbVksa ds ef)e izdk'k esa dacy vks<+s dksbZNk;kd`fr pyh tk jgh gSA fdlh LdwVj dh ljljkg ikl vkrh vkSj fQjnwljs Nksj ds v¡èksjs esa tkdj foyhu gks tkrhA vius fjVk;jesaV ls Åcs o`)vkSj ttZj izksQsljksa dh Hkh iwN c<+ x;h gSA jkr nks&nks cts rd lfUèk;ksa]le>kSrksa vkSj "kM~;U=ksa dk nkSj tkjh gSA feBkb;ksa dk Hkko c<+ x;k gSa ,slsizp.M lUukVs esa Hkh nqdkusa [kqyh gSaA ftUgksaus vius cPpksa dks VkWQh dh txgHksyh vkSj xqM+ f[kykdj ikyk&ikslk Fkk] os Hkh bdës rhu&rhu] pkj&pkj fdyksds vyx&vyx iSdsV c¡èkok jgs gSaA ßtYnh djuk HkkbZ] lM+d ij LdwVj LVkVZ[kM+k gSAÞ &eqfuUnj jk; us nqdkunkj ls dgkA

muds pys tkus ds ckn ,d vkneh us nqdkunkj ls iwNk] ßcgqr cM+svkneh gSa D;k\Þ

nqdkunkj eqLdjk;k] ßvktdy fo'ofo|ky; esa baVjO;w py jgk gSA fcØhc<+ x;h gSAÞ

l`f"V esa lR; bruk euksgkjh] jax&fcjaxk vkSj ekSt¡w dHkh ugha jgk gksxkAlqcksèk feflj vktdy iqLrdky; ugha tkrsA lqcg ls mBdj fnu Hkj lR;dh ryk'k esa ?kwek djrs gSaA og mUgsa pkSjkgksa] uqDdM+ksa] pk; vkSj iku dhnqdkuksa ij] fgUnh foHkkx esa txg&txg fn[kk;h nsrk jgrkA

;s izksQslj yksx [kkrs D;k gSa\ vkt ;gh tkuus ds fy, os epy iM+sA og

ukyUnk ij fx) 53 54 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

tkuuk pkgrs Fks fd vkf[kj dkSu lk vUu gS ftlus budh oklukvksa dksizp.M vkSj tuusfUnz;ksa dks fuf"Ø; dj fn;k gS\ og iwjs fnu Hkw[ks&I;klsVgyrs jgsA 'kk;n bl jgL; dks ikj ikuk esjs fy, nqyZHk gSA ;g lksprs gq,Fkddj og uqDdM+ okyh nqdku ij pk; ihus pys x;sA rHkh vpkud mUgksausns[kk fd eq[; lM+d dh utj ls nwj tks pksjxfy;k¡ gSa muesa dqN yksx fljij cks>k ykns ncs&fipds drkjc) pqipki pys tk jgs gSaA os pkSad iM+sA cgqrigys ̂ Vke dkdk dh dqfV;k* esa budh 'kDysa fn[kk;h nh FkhaA ysfdu buds psgjsrks ifjfpr gSaA ;s vius gh fo'ofo|ky; ds 'kksèkNk= gSaA foKku vkSj ekufodhdh fofHkUu 'kk[kkvksa&iz'kk[kkvksa ds 'kksèkdA gkWLVyksa esa jgrs gSaA viusxk¡o&tokj ds gksugkjA ?kj ds nqy#okA tc ;s ;gk¡ i<+us vkrs gSa rks budscki vVSph vkSj vkpkj flj ij ykndj bUgsa LVs'ku rd NksM+us vkrs gSaA [ksrfxjoh j[kdj buds lq[k&lqfoèkkvksa dks ikyk&ikslk tkrk gSA vkf[kj bl rjg;s yksx dgk¡ tk jgs gSa\ & lqcksèk feflj us lkspkA yM+[kM+kdj fxj iM+s ,dyM+ds dks mUgksaus nkSM+dj idM+kA lgkjk nsdj mBk;k vkSj iwNk] ßbl cksjs esaD;k gS HkkbZ\ dgha rqe rLdjh rks ugha djus yxs\Þ

yM+ds us dgk] ßxq#nso dh HkSal C;k;h gSA mlh ds fy, iqjkuk] xqM+ vkSjpksdj ys tk jgk gw¡AÞ

ßvkSj rqe\Þ & mUgksaus nwljs ls iwNkA

ßigkfM+;k lêh ls dqEgM+k vkSj ykSdh [kjhndj ys tk jgk gw¡A xq#th usdgk gS fd ogk¡ lLrh vkSj rkth lfCt;k¡ feyrh gSaÞ

rhljs us fcuk #ds crk;k fd] ßxq#th dk edku cu jgk gSA mlh dsfy, lhesaV gSAÞ cks> ls fipds flj dk lkjk jDr psgjs ij mrj vk;k FkkAvk¡[ks ckgj yVd vk;h FkhaA os mlh rjg flj >qdk;s pqipki vkxs c<+ x;sAlqcksèk feflj dh vk¡[ksa McMck x;haA og [kwc tksj ls g¡l iM+sA

baVjO;w esa nks fnu jg x;k gS] tc lk¡l jksds izrh{kk dj jgs gSaA mèkj

dksus esa >kM+h dh vkM+ ysdj xsLVgkml dk pijklh okeiUFkh jk;lkgc lsQqlQlk jgk gS] ßrhu dejs cqd gSaA dksbZ xqtjkr ds feflj th gSa vkSjjktLFkku ds mikè;k; thA ,d iatkc ds] irk ugha dSlh ̂ VkbfVy* gSA tkfrirk ugha py jgh gSAÞ

jk; lkgc us vuqeku yxk;k vkSj flj fgykrs gq, ,dkyki dh eqnzk esacqncqnkus yxs & ßoke] oke] oke fn'kk] le; lkE;oknhAÞ

ßrc rks vkids fy, 'kqHk gSÞ & pijklh us fnyklk fn;kA

ß[kkd 'kqHk gS! ewy lR; rks nwljk gSÞ & os fpUrk esa vkjikj gks jgs Fks& og ,d vkSj eu jgk jke dk tks u FkdkA dqN cqncqnkgV mHkjh &ßdgrh Fkh ekrk eq>s lnk jktho u;uAÞ pkgs tks Hkh gks] ;w-ih- dkystokys ekLVj lkgc eq>s okeiaFkh ekurs gSaA tkfr Hksn ls ijsA vkt ds ;qxesa ,slk vkneh feyuk eqf'dy gSA cgqr fnuksa ls ,dkUrokl dj jgs gSaAgkypky ysuk pkfg, & ßvPNk rks HkkbZ] cgqr&cgqr èkU;oknÞ & mUgksauspijklh ls dgk vkSj LdwVj dh fdd ekjh & QqjZ··A

bèkj vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k èkksrh] dqrkZ vkSj can xys dh dksV ij 'kky Mkyspys vk jgs gSaA iku dh nqdku] lM+d ij ;gk¡&ogk¡ èkwi ds NksVs&NksVs VqdMksaesa c¡Vs leLr izkè;kidx.k fgUnh foHkkx ds lkeus vkdj n.Mor eqnzk esa fourHkko ls >qd x;sA Hk; vkSj vk'k adk ls Hkjs Lo;aoj ds leLr jktx.kAvkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds d`ikdka{khA dkSu dgk gS fd ppZ vkSj iksi dk ;qx [kRegks x;k gS!

lc okeifUFk;ks a dk fQrwj gSA dE;wfuLVks a ds ns'k es a rks O;fDrxrLora=rk gksrh gh ughaA vkf[kj esa nklo`fÙk dk ikyu Hkh rks gekjh O;fDrxrLora=rk gSA

vkpk;Z us ns[kk] Hkfo"; dh ikSèk ygygk jgh gSA Jh fodkl ik.Ms;]mikè;k;] MkW- f=ikBh] tuknZu izlkn] jhMj egknsoeqfu vkSj jkedju jk;A

ukyUnk ij fx) 55 56 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

lcds lc mifLFkr gSaA dqN ikjHk`rk lqu;uk lqdqekfj;k¡ HkhA J)k vkSjleiZ.k dk egksRloA muds gksaBksa ij jgL;e;h eqLdku rSj jgh Fkh] ßfdrusiSls gqvk th\Þ mrjrs gq, mUgksaus fjD'ks okys ls iwNkA

ßlkgc] tks ethZ gks ns nhft,Þ & BaM ls dk¡i jgs ml cw<+s us fpFkMs+dEcy dks yisVrs gq, dgkA

ßlj] esjs ikl psat gSÞ & o"kks± ls yb;k vkSj Hkqus pus dk LoYikgkj djusokys eqfuUnj jk; fjD'ks dh vksj c<+sA

ßugha] ugha! ;g xyr ckr gSÞ & vkpk;Z us mUgsa l[rh ls jksdk vkSjipkl iSls dk ,d flDdk fjD'ks okys dks ns fn;kA

ßlkgc] ik¡p #i;k gksrk gSÞ & fjD'kk okyk fxM+fxM+k;k] ßfdlh ls iwNyhft;sAÞ

vk'p;Z esa Mwck leosr Loj] ßik¡p #i;k!! ywVrs gSa lkys! Hkkx HkkslM+hds] fn[kkbZ u nsuk!!Þ Hkksa·· Hkksa·+ gqoka· gqoka··

fjD'kk okyk fxjrs&iM+rs HkkxkA

vkpk;Z lkeus iRFkj ds csap ij [kM+s gks x;sA ßeSa vki yksxksa ls dqNdguk pkgrk g¡wÞ & mUgksaus lkeus >qds fljksa dks lEcksfèkr fd;k] ßysfdu]vxj vki yksxksa dks eq> ij Hkjkslk gks rks---Þ

nks fnu ckn baVjO;w gSA fdlesa bruh tqjZrA fQj ogh leosr Loj] ßgesavkids U;k;cksèk ij iwjk Hkjkslk gS vkpk;ZAÞ

nks feuV rd lUukVk jgkA foHkkx ds gsM DydZ 'kekZ th us cSx ls dkxtdk ,d VqdM+k fudkydj mUgsa Fkek;kA pijklh jkenhu vè;kidksa ds ihNs[kM+k gks x;kA

ogk¡ ̂ tux.k eu* gks jgk gS D;k HkkbZ! lM+d ij ?kwe jgs yM+ds Hkh vkdj[kM+s gks x;sA

ßvki rks lk{kkr U;k;ewfrZ gSa lj!Þ fQj ogh leosr Loj xw¡tkA

ßrks vki yksx lqusa! eq>s bl ckr dh cgqr f'kdk;r gS fd ;gk¡ dksbZDykl ugha ysrkA nwljh ckr ;g fd vki yksx isVªksy vkSj feBkb;ksa ij cgqrT;knk iSlk Qw¡drs gSaA FkksM+k ferO;f;rk ls dke ysaA ysfdu] lkFk gh eq>s blckr dh cgqr [kq'kh gS fd bèkj esjs foHkkx us lewps fgUnh txr ls T;knkiqLrdsa fy[kh gSaA yksxksa esa i<+us&fy[kus dh #fp c<+ jgh gSA ;g vPNhckr gSA cl ;gh dkeuk gS fd vki yksx cukjl vkSj bykgkckn dsizdk'kdksa ls FkksM+k Åij mBsaA Lrj c<+k;saA vkSj gk¡! bykgkckn ds gh lanHkZesa ,d t:jh ckr ;kn vk x;hA ;g nsf[k;s---Þ muds gkFk eas dkxt dk,d VqdM+k ygjk jgk Fkk] ß;g bykgkckn gkbZdksVZ dk ̂ LVs vkMZj* gSA baVjO;wLFkfxr fd;k tk jgk gSAÞ & vkSj os tYnh ls lhf<+;k¡ p<+rs gq, Åij viusdejs esas pys x;sA

ßvjs ;g D;k gks jgk gS! mikè;k; th ds eq¡g ls >kx D;ksa fudy jgkgS\ vk¡[ksa myV x;haA fexhZ dk nkSjk gS! twrk lq¡?kkoks!!Þ pkjksa vksj [kycyh epx;hA tuknZu izlkn us eUnh ds fnuksa esa 'ks;j cspdj fdrkcsa Nik;h FkhaAlR;kuk'k! xqM+ xkscj!! ßidM+ks lkys dks! Hkkxus u ik;s!Þ & yydkjrs gq,jkedju jk; vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k ds ihNs&ihNs yidsA

tEew] p.Mhx<+] fnYyh vkSj y[kuÅA pkj&pkj fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls vk;hFkhfllksa dk ekSf[kdh ysuk gSA gokbZ ;k=k dk fVdV igys ls cqd gSA pwM+kef.kth us iUnzg fnu dh M~;wVh yho yhA VSDlh idM+dj lhèks ckcriqj igq¡p x,A

blh chp vkpk;Z ds bdykSrs Jo.kdqekj ds ,e-,e- vafre o"kZ dkfjtYV vk;kA fiNys lkjs vkpk;Z iq=ksa dk fjdkMZ èoLr djrk gqvk og vLlhizfr'kr vad ik;kA vè;kid la?k dh vkikr cSBd esa tuknZu izlkn jk¡M+vkSjrksa dh rjg foyki dj jgs Fks & ß;g vkneh 'kq: ls gh vè;kid fojksèkhjgk gSA vc mlds yM+ds dk vLlh izfr'kr vad!Þ vè;kid la?k ds rhuksa

ukyUnk ij fx) 57 58 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

izR;k'kh czkã.k gSa & ßvxj fQj Hkh vki yksx dqN ugha djsaxs rks eSa vkej.kvu'ku ij cSBw¡xkAÞ

ßge djuk rks cgqr dqN pkgrs gSaÞ & vè;{k egksn; fpfUrr vkSjvleatl esa gSa & ßysfdu blesa D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS\ ekeyk dksVZ dk gSAÞ

ßD;ksa ugha dj ldrs! fgUnh esa dgha vLlh izfr'krÞ vad vkrs gSa\jkedju jk; ph[k jgs Fks & ßblh vius iq= ds fy, bl vkneh us ckjglky ls ;s txgsa jksd j[kh gSA yM+dk rhu lky baVj esa Qsy gqvkAÞ

vè;kid la?k ds vè;{k feJk th dh cgq blh lky bfrgkl esa ipklhizfr'kr vad ik pqdh gSaA mUgksaus lHkk ds lkeus gkFk tksM+dj vuqjksèk fd;k& ßge yksxksa dks 'kksHkk ugha nsrk fd vkil ds >xM+s esa cgw&csfV;ksa ;k iq=ksadks ?klhVsaAÞ

dqyifr us Mhu flugk th dks cqykdj iwNk fd vpkud ;g lc dSlsgks x;k\

ßeSa dqN ugha dj ldrk lj!Þ Mhu us vleFkZrk izdV dh] ß;g vknehcgqr tkfy;k gSAÞ

ßvPNk vki ,slk djsa fd muds vkrs gh esjs lkFk ehfVax j[ksaA eSa uksfVlVkbi djk ns jgk gw¡A yM+dksa dk izfrfufèkeaMy jkst&jkst Kkiu ns jgk gSAftUnkckn] eqnkZckn gks jgk gSa dksVZ ds ekeys esa rks dqN ugha gks ldrk] ysfdu;g vLlh izfr'kr okyh ckr iwNdj vki dkjZokbZ djsaAÞ & oh-lh- U;k;fiz;Nfo okys l[r O;fDr gSaA

gokbZ ;k=k dh Fkdku FkhA fQj Hkh dqyifr dk i= ikrs gh vkpk;Z mulsfeyus x;sA Mhu flugk th ogk¡ igys ls ekStwn FksA FkksM+h nsj rd Qkbyksa dksiyVrs jgus ds ckn oh-lh- us vkSipkfjd 'kq:vkr dh] ßvkidh ;k=k dSlhjgh vkpk;Z th\Þ

ßBhd Fkh lj!Þ & vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k nk¡r [kksn jgs Fks& ßfnYyh x;k FkkAlkspk ;w-th-lh- Hkh gks yw¡] vkids ^,DlVsa'ku* dh ckr py jgh Fkh lj!Þ

ßgk¡ HkkbZ] fnYyh ds ekjs rks eSa Hkh cgqr ijs'kku gw¡A ;gk¡ ds ,e-ih- f=ikBhth us laln esa D;k rks iz'u iwNk gS fd vkids yM+ds dks fgUnh esa vLlhizfr'kr vad feys gSaA lc yksx tk¡p djkus dh ckr dj jgs gSaA ;gk¡yM+ds Hkh jkst tqywl ysdj vkrs jgrs gSaAÞ & okbl pkalyj us lhèks&lhèksckr 'kq: dhA

pwM+kef.k th eqLdjk;s] ßèkjuk&izn'kZu gh rks gekjk tura= gS lj!Þ

ßvLlh izfr'kr vad fgUnh esa!Þ & Mhu flugk th us l[r ,rjkt trk;k& ßlquk gS] og izoh;l esa lsds.M fMohtu ikl FkkAÞ mUgksaus oh-lh- lseq[kfrc gksdj dgk & ßlj! ,e-ih- f=ikBh th us yksdlHkk esa dgk gS fdjkepUnz 'kqDy dks Hkh brus uEcj ugha feys FksA iwjs ns'k esa fo'ofo|ky; dhNhNkysnj gks jgh gS lj!Þ

oh-lh- rd rks lgh gS! ;g Mhu cgqr xVj&iVj cksy jgk gS& vkpk;Zus lkspk vkSj eqLdjk;s] ßnsf[k;s flugk th] vki Hkwfegkj gSa---Þ

mudk okD; iwjk gksus ls igys gh Mhu mNy iM+k] ßvki ;gk¡tkfr&fcjknjh dh ckr D;ksa mBk jgs gSaAÞ

ßvki igys 'kkUr gksdj esjh iwjh ckr lqusa! vkSj ph[kuk&fpYykuk eq>sHkh vkrk gSÞ & xqLls esa pwM+kef.k th ds nksuksa uFkus ejdgs cSy dh rjgQM+dus yxrs &gq%gq%& ßD;ksafd ;g ewy lR; gS fd vki Hkwfegkj gSaA blèkjus&izn'kZu esa vkèks yM+ds Hkwfegkj] vkèks czkã.k vkSj nks&pkj dE;qfuLV gSaAeq>s vPNh rjg ekywe gS fd ;s yM+ds èkjus ls igys vkSj mlds ckn vkids?kj D;k djus tkrs gSa! jgh ckr f=ikBh ,e-ih- dh] rks og fujk csodwQ gSAfgUnh dh bruh ifo= laLFkk dk uk'k mUgha nksuksa Hkkb;ksa us fd;k gSA ml xèks

ukyUnk ij fx) 59 60 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

dks ;g Hkh ugha ekywe fd vkpk;Z 'kqDy b.Vj Qsy FksA mudk ,e-,- esa vLlhizfr'kr vad dSls vk;sxk\Þ

;g vkneh rks ,dne csyxke gS] oh-lh- us lkspk&bl ij dkjZokbZ djuht:jh gS&vkSj cksyk& ßvki fo'ofo|ky; esa tkfrokn dh jktuhfr djrs gSaAlquk gS] vè;kidksa ij gq, geys esa Hkh vkidk gkFk gSÞ & oh-lh- dk ygtkcsgn rY[k vkSj l[r FkkA

vkpk;Z ds lkeus vkt rd fdlh us bl vankt esa ckr djus dh tqjZrugha dh FkhA og dqN {k.k rd 'kkUr gksdj dqyifr ds psgjs dh vkSj ns[krsjgs vkSj fQj eqLdjkrs gq, B.Ms Loj esa cksys] ßvkius vkSj D;k&D;k lqukgS esjs ckjs esa\ yksx rks cgqr dqN dgrs gSaA vkids igys Hkh ,d dqyifr FksAtwrs dh ekyk igudj x;s Fks ;gk¡ lsA yksx pqxy[kksj gSaA dgrs gSa] fd oglc eSaus gh fd;k&fdjk;k FkkA tcfd ckr cl bruh Fkh fd izkphuok³~e;] oSfnd lkfgR; vkSj Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ds ckjs esa esjh vkLFkk,¡muls esy ugha [kkrh FkhaAÞ

dqyifr us ns[kk] vusd fdaonfUr;ksa vkSj {ksid dFkkvksa ls feFkd cu pqdsegkuk;d vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k eqLdjk jgs Fks] Hk; ls mldk psgjk ihyk iM+ x;kAvkpk;Z dks n;k vk x;h] cksys] ßoh-lh- lkgc] eSa vkidk cgqr vknj djrkgw¡A ckotwn blds fd eSa fgUnh foHkkx dk vè;{k gw¡A ̂ Mhu vkWQ LVwMsaV~l* HkhgwaA vkSj vkius fcuk eq>s fo'okl esa fy;s fgUnh foHkkx dk baVjO;w ^fQDl*dj fn;k FkkA eSa tkurk gw¡ fd vki vR;ar 'kkyhu] ferHkk"kh vkSj U;k;fiz;O;fDr gSa vkSj ;g Hkh tkurk gw¡ fd ekuo lalkèku ea=ky; dk eq[; lfpovkidk lk<w gSA ysfdu D;k ckr gS fd ;gk¡ bl cukjl fo'ofo|ky; esa vktrd dksbZ jktiwr oh-lh- ugha gks ldk gSA eSa tkfrokn dks ns'k ds fy, dSaljls de ?kkrd ugha ekurkA vki pkgsa rks tk¡p vk;ksx cSBk nsaA ysfdu fdlhijh{kd dh tk¡ph dkih dks dksbZ U;k;kèkh'k dSls tk¡p ldrk gS\ tura= esa

vyx&vyx laLFkkvksa dh viuh Lok;Ùkrk] gSfl;r vkSj xfjek gksrh gSAvkidks dksbZ ,slk dke ugha djuk pkfg, fd ;g ifo=rk u"V gksA fdlh dks;g dgus dk volj feys fd vki ckã.k vkSj Hkwfegkj ykWch ds ncko esagSaA vkxs vkidh tSlh ethZAÞ & dgdj vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k vpkud mBs vkSjoh-lh- ykWt ls ckgj fudy x;sA

ckgj pkjksa vkSj jsyeisy FkkA èkjuk] izn'kZu vkSj vu'ku djus dhèkedhA ml fnu nksigj dks tc lqcksèk feflj dSQsVsfj;k ls pkoy vkSj dqEgM+sdh rjdkjh [kkdj pys tk jgs Fks] mUgksaus ns[kk fd d`f"k foKku ladk; okyspkSjkgs ij ,d yM+dk QVk dqrkZ] iktkek vkSj gokbZ pIiy igus mtcd dhrjg pkjksa rjQ ns[k jgk gSA fo'kkydk; bekjrksa vkSj ,d&nwljs dks dkVrhvkxs pyh tk jgh fpduh] pkSM+h lM+dsaA lM+dksa ds Åij >qd vk;s vke]veyrk'k] 'kh'ke vkSj lkxkSu ds isM+ksa dh ?kuh Nk¡o esa 'kk;n og jkLrk Hkwyx;k gSA lkeus ls vè;kid la?k dk fo'kky tqywl pyk vk jgk FkkA os yksxirk ugha fdl ckr ij csgn mxz vkSj mÙksftr FksA yM+dk nksuksa gkFk mBkdjmUgsa jksduk pkgrk gSA tc os yksx ugha #drs rks og nksuksa gkFk tksM+djfxM+fxM+kus yxrk gS] ßxq#tuksa] cl bruk gh ;kn gS fd eSa ckjg lky igys;gk¡ vk;k FkkA eSa dgk¡ dk jgus okyk gwa\ eq>s vius xk¡o dk uke vkSj ckidh 'kDy Hkwy pqdh gSA eSa Hkw[kk gw¡A dbZ fnuksa ls eq>s vUu dk ,d nkuk Hkhugha feyk gSA ;g nsf[k;s--- mlus dqrkZ mBk;k vkSj viuk isV fn[kkus yxkAogk¡ dkxt ds dqN eSys&dqpSys VqdM+s caèks Fks & ;s esjh ekdZlhVsa gSaA pfj=izek.k i= gSA eSa Hkw[kk gwa vkSj vius xk¡o tkuk pkgrk gw¡ xq#tuksa] eq>s esjsxk¡o dk jkLrk crk nhft;s] ogk¡ esjh ek¡ [kkuk cukdj [kkst jgh gSAÞ og ph[kjgk FkkA HkhM+ mls dqpyrs gq, vkxs c<+ x;hA fdlh us mldk dqrkZ uksp fy;k& ;g ?kj esa iksaNk yxkus ds dke vk;sxkA

pkSjkgs ds nwljh vkSj ls Nk= la?k dk tqywl pyk vk jgk FkkA og yM+dk

ukyUnk ij fx) 61 62 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

lM+d ds cxy dh ukyh esa fxj iM+k FkkA vpkud mls fQj dqN vkoktlquk;h iM+h rks nkSM+dj vk;k vksj lM+d ij nqckjk [kM+k gks x;kA dqrkZ xk;cFkkA pIiy dk Qhrk VwVdj nwj dgha fNVd x;k FkkA ysfdu og nksuksa gkFkksals vius isV ij c¡èks dkxtksa dks dldj idM+s FkkA ßHkkb;ksa #fd;sAÞ & ogfQj ph[kus yxk & ßeq>s esjs ?kj dk irk crk nhft,A ogk¡ tkM+s dh xquxquhèkwi esa nhokj ds lgkjs cSBh esjh iRuh u;s èkku dk pkoy iNksjrh FkhA esjscki us cpiu esa gh esjh 'kknh dj nh FkhA vc esjk csVk cM+k gks x;k gS vkSjeq>s cqyk jgk gSA eSa mls ns[kuk pkgrk g¡wAÞ tqywl esa yM+ds viuh gh èkqu esaukjs yxkrs] cgqr xqLls esa u tkus fdls] 'kk;n [kqn dks gh xkfy;k¡ nsrs mlsy¡xM+h ekjdj vkxs c<+ x;sA

lqcksèk feflj us yM+ds dks ns[kkA mUgsa yxk fd ;g dksbZ LoIu gSA tSlsLoIu esa dksbZ vius dks vius ls FkksM+k nwj [kM+k gksdj ns[krk gS Bhd mlhrjgA mUgsa n;k vk;hA os mls idM+dj dqN iwNuk vkSj ckrsa djuk pkgrs FksAmUgsa viuh vksj vkrk ns[kdj og yM+dk cgqr rst Hkkxk vkSj tkdjfo'ofo|ky; ds lcls Å¡ps xqEcn ij p<+ x;kA

lqcksèk feflj us ns[kk] xqEcn ds Åij tks f='kwy ped jgk gS mlh ijets ls cSBk og yM+dk ckuj dh rjg mNy&dwn dj jgk gSA lwjt ri jgkFkkA lqcksèk feflj us tksj ls iwNk] ßrqe D;k pkgrs gks HkkbZ\ eSa rqEgsa rqEgkjsxk¡o igq¡pk nw¡xkA eq>s rqEgkjs ?kj dk irk ekywe gSAÞ

yM+ds us dgk] ßysfdu vc ogk¡ eq>s dksbZ ugha igpkurkA D;ksafd eSa Hkhfdlh dks ugha igpku ikrkA ogk¡ tkdj eSa D;k d:¡xk\Þ

ßrks fQj rqe D;k pkgrs gks\ lqcksèk us iwNkAÞ

ßcrkÅ¡\Þ yM+dk cgqr tksj ls g¡lkA ßeSa rktegy esa viuh izsfedk dslkFk ,d iwjh jkr guhewu eukuk pkgrk g¡wA irk ugha dgk¡ pyh x;h esjh

izsfedk\ D;k rqe eq>s esjh izsfedk ls feyk nksxs\ D;k rqeus vHkh rdrktegy Hkh ugha ns[kk gS\ ----vPNk rks lquks! eSa vius csVs ds lkFk ukfnj'kkgds lkeus [kwc tksj ls g¡luk pkgrk gw¡A esjs csVs dk dSjecksMZ ukfnj'kkg pqjkys x;kA vPNk rqe xk¡èkh th dks cqyk nksA os mls vius [kM+kÅ¡ ls ekjsaxsAÞ

lqcksèk feflj fdadrZO;foew<+ mls ns[k jgs FksA

ß[kSj rqe tkvks!Þ mlus ogha ls fpYykdj dgk] ßeSa vc ;gha jgw¡xkA blhf='kwy ijA eq>s ;g Å¡pkbZ vPNh yx jgh gSAÞ

,d fnu yksxksa us ns[kk fd ,d cgqr cM+s ns'k ds jktk us mlh vkne[kksjfelkby ds xys esa fot;gkj iguk fn;k] ftls ogk¡ ds okf'kUnksa us cQhZyhgokvksa esa Hkw[ks I;kls lkjh&lkjh jkr tkxdj vkèkh 'krkCnh ls jksd j[kkFkkA iwjh nqfu;k rek'kchu dh rjg ;g n`'; ns[kdj HkkSapd jg x;hA ,dMjkouh vkSj dkQh xqQk dh rjg eq¡g ck;s og vkne[kksj felkby ,duxj ls nwljs uxj] ,d ns'k ls nwljs ns'k rd ?kweus yxhA mlus yksxksads lius] thus dk vankt vkSj t:jrksa dh Qsgfj'r cny nhA fnu] eghusvkSj o"kZ chrrs jgsA le; xqtjrk jgkA ;qx cnykA bl rjg cnyk fdtks yksx fujUrj jkr&fnu mls cnyus ds fy, cspSu jgrs Fks os Hkh nq%[k vkSj'kksd ls Hkj x;sA blh chp lqcksèk feflj dh Fkhfll iwjh gqbZA os MkWDVj lqcksèkfeflj gks x;sA

,d fnu lqcg&lqcg os dSaVhu ds lkeus pk; ih jgs FksA mUgksaus ns[kk fdvklikl cSBs yM+ds jkr Vh-oh- ij jksekapd eSp ds ckjs eas mÙkstd cglsa djjgs gSaA lkeus lM+d ij ,d toku vkSj lqUnj yM+dh u'ks dh lh gkyr esayaxM+krh vkSj lgeh gqbZ lh Hkkxh pyh tk jgh FkhA irk yxk fd og xqtjkrls vius izseh ds lkFk cukjl ?kweus vk;h FkhA rhu fnu ls Hkw[ks&I;kls Nk=koklds ,d dejs esa can djds ik¡p yM+dksa us mlds lkFk fujarj ̂ jsi* fd;k FkkAfu"izk.k ?kVukvksa vkSj luluh[kst lwpukvksa dk ;g jhfrdky FkkA FkksM+h nwj

ukyUnk ij fx) 63 64 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

vkxs ek= nl dne dh nwjh ij ,d NksVk dk dEI;wVj j[kk gqvk FkkA fdlhnwj mixzg ls lapkfyrA dEI;wVj dk 'ks"k fiNyk fgLlk v¡èksjs esa Mwck gqvk FkkArst ykbV esa pedrs LØhu ij ml le; ,d yM+dh eqLdjk jgh Fkh&fdlhlqnwj vrhr ;k ikSjkf.kd vk[;kuksa esa pedrh yM+dh dh g¡lh&,d fryLehdjkekr dh rjg mlds pkjksa vkSj ygjk jgh Fkha pedhyh iSfdaxsA muesa HkjkFkk fel ;wuholZ dk xksiu jgL;] eknd is;] Øhe vkSj cPpksa dh pkdysVsa]vkSjrksa ds flUnjw] fe=ksa dh 'kqHkdkeuk,¡] u;s lky dk lans'k vkSj Hkwlk vkSjxkscjA viuh t:jrksa ls Åcs yksxksa dh HkhM+ ,d tknqbZ dqrwgy ls csdkcw mlyM+dh ds mUur mjkstksa vkSj fpduh tk¡?kksa esa èk¡lh pyh tk jgh FkhA ml le;u'ks dh lh gkyr esa yaxM+krh Hkkxrh yM+dh ds gksaB Hk; ls dkys iM+ x;s FksAog dEI;wVj ds fiNys fgLls esa] tgk¡ xk<+k v¡èksjk QSyk gqvk Fkk] tkdj foyhugks x;hA mldh vkf[kjh ph[k ,d lqjhyh vkSj y;kRed iha··&iha·· ds lkFkLØhu ij nks lsds.M rd mHkjdj can gks x;hA ogk¡ jkr ds eSp dk 'ks"k HkkxfQj 'kq: gks x;kA

vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k th foHkkx ls fjVk;j gksus ds nks eghus ckn nwljsfo'ofo|ky; eas dqyifr cuk fn;s x;sA mudk bdykSrk Jo.kdqekj] cdkSylkjs 'kgj ftls ,d okD; 'kq) fgUnh fy[kuh ugha vkrh Fkh og] e#èkjfo'ofo|ky; ds QkVd ls gksrk gqvk ik¡p lky ckn mlh fgUnh foHkkx esa jhMjcuk fn;k x;kA mÙkjkfèkdkj ds bl egksRlo esa fo'ofo|ky; dh jktiwrykWch us mldk vfHkuUnu fd;kA bl fu;qfDr ds le; Hkh flugk th MhuFksA Hkwfegkj ykWch us cgqr dksf'k'k dh ysfdu mUgksaus vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k lsvius lEcUèkksa dks tkfrxr jkx}s"k ls Åij mBdj ns[kkA mUgksausxaHkhjrkiwoZd bl ckr ij fopkj fd;k fd bdykSrs iq= dk o`) firk dsikl jguk gh t:jh gSA bl fu;qfDr ds Bhd ,d eghus ckn vkpk;Z pwM+kef.kus ;g lkspdj fd fdlh dk dtZ ysdj ejuk jktiwrh vkucku ds f[kykQ

gS] mUgksaus vius fo'ofo|ky; esa Mhu flugk th dh iq=oèkw dks vaxzsth esaysDpjj cuk fn;kA

vius xq# ds ;ksX; f'k"; lqcksèk feflj uxj esa nj&nj HkVdrs jgsA osjkr ds v¡èksjs esa cSBdj uhfrokD; fy[kk djrsA muds lkFk ds lkjs Nk=]ftuls mudh uksd&>ksad pyk djrh Fkh] tks mUgsa ;FkkfLFkfroknh dgdj ØkfUrvkSj ifjorZu dh ckr fd;k djrs Fks] os lcds lc ,d&,d djfo'ofo|ky;ksa] fMxzh dkWystksa vkSj v[kckj ds n¶rjksa esa tkdj pwM+kef.k thdk twBu cVksj jgs FksA bèkj lqcksèk feflj fo'ofo|ky; ds u;s yM+dksa ds chpvtwcs curs tk jgs FksA og lcls dgk djrs fd fojksèk esa mBk ,d gkFk] i{kesa mBs djksM+ksa gkFk ls egRoiw.kZ gksrk gSa os bl fojksèk dh O;k[;k ugha djrsFks vkSj vdlj pqi yxk tkrsA vkpk;Z th gj iUnzgosa fnu ckn fdlh u fdlhfu;qfDr esa ,DliVZ gksrsA gj ckj os n`<+ izfrK gksdj tkrs fd bl ckj viusfiz; f'k"; lqcksèk feflj dh fu;qfDr t:j dj nsaxsA ysfdu muds ekuoh;nkf;Ro cksèk vkSj U;k;ksfpr psruk dks fdlh ea=h] foèkk;d] fdlh HkwriwoZfoHkkxkè;{k ;k ledkyhu izksQslj dk flQkfj'kh i= gj ckj iFkHkz"V djnsrkA os jkst&jkst iFkHkz"V gksrs jgsA ,d fnu viuh iq=oèkw dh fu;qfDr dsfy, fnYyh dh ,d efgyk izksQslj ds iSjksa ij fxj iM+sA fu;qfDr ugha gqbZAyksxksa dks muds bl vieku dh mEehn ugha FkhA lcdks yxk fd dgha vcdhckj xaHkhj gkVZ vVSd u gks tk;A ysfdu ,slk dqN Hkh ugha gqvkA muds njckjesa yksxksa dh vken [kRe gks x;hA os fcuk cqyk;s 'kgj vkSj fo'ofo|ky; dhgj lHkkvksa] lekjksgksa esa igq¡pdj vius dks eap ij cqyk;s tkus dh izrh{kkfd;k djrs vkSj Å¡?kus yxrsA xks"Bh] lekjksg [kRe gks tkrsA os pqipki vdsysVgyrs gq, vius ?kj pys vkrsA

bèkj xk¡o esa lqcksèk feflj dh csfV;k¡ cM+h gks jgh FkhaA iRuh ds nk¡r fgyusyxs FksA gj Qly dVus ds ckn [ksrh ij ikuh] fctyh vkSj yxku ds dqN

ukyUnk ij fx) 65 66 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

dtsZ c<+ tkrsA mUgksaus ,d ij ,d rhu ,dM+ [ksr csp MkysA var esa xk¡ods ,d cqtqxZ us le>k;k fd ßHkkbZ lqcksèk] dc rd ukSdjh [kkstrs jgksxs\;g [ksr rqEgkjh dekbZ ugha gSa tks csps tk jgs gksA dy yM+fd;ksa dh 'kknhdjuh iM+sxhAÞ

rhu fnu ls Hkw[ks&I;kls lqcksèk feflj us ,d fnu vfUre :i ls xq#nsods pkS[kV ij eRFkk VsdkA ßcsVs lqcksèk] eq>ls rqEgkjh n'kk ns[kh ugha tkrhÞ &xq#nso us dgk vkSj jksus yxsA

ßdksbZ ckr ugha xq#nso! eSa dqN ek¡xus ugha] vkKk ysus vk;k FkkA ?kj tkjgk gw¡Þ & mUgksaus 'kgj ds chpksachp Fkwdk vkSj xk¡o pys x;sA

ik¡p lky ls xk¡o esa jgrs gq, lqcksèk feflj dks flQZ ;wfj;k dk nke]fctyh ds fcy] xsg¡w] èkku vkSj bZ[k dk Hkko ;kn jg x;k FkkA vyadkj]NUn'kkL=] jl ;gk¡ rd fd rqd vkSj fopkj vkfn dh e;kZnk rksM+rk fganhdfork dk izokg vkèkqfudrk] ekDlZokn vkSj vfLrRookn vkfn dks vizklafxddjkj nsrk gqvk bu fnuksa mÙkj&vkèkqfudrk vkSj fo[k.Muokn ds leh{kkfl)kUrksa ls viuh laxfr fcBkus dk tksM+rksM+ dj jgk FkkA lqcksèk feflj uslquk fd vkt iwjk fo'o ,d xk¡o cudj jg x;k gSa lapkj ekè;ekas dh vpwdidM+ ls dksbZ O;fDr ckgj ugha gSA os ;g lc lquk djrs vkSj ns[krs fdlSdM+ksa lqj{kk xkMks± ds chp izèkkuea=h ekal ds futhZo yksFkM+ksa esa fc[kj tkrkgSA gtkjksa tklwlh dqÙks ik¡p lky ls gR;kjs dh Nk;k lw¡?krs ?kwe jgs gSaAvthcksxjhc fojksèkkHkklksa vkSj foMEcuk dk nkSj tkjh gSA iqjkrRo foHkkx dslaxzgky; vkSj vtk;c?kj dh nhokjksa ij dkfynkl] HkoHkwfr] lwj] rqylh vkSjdchj dh ik.Mqfyfi;k¡ ejs 'ksjksa dh [kky dh rjg V¡xh gSaA 'kCn vizklafxdgks x;s gSaA dfork vkSj bfrgkl dk var gks x;k gSa ;g lc lqcksèk fefljv[kckjksa esa i<+ jgs Fks vkSj ns[k jgs Fks fd ;gk¡ xk¡o esa vc Hkh vkSjrsa 'kknh]lekjksg esa] NB vkSj eq.Mu ds volj ij mlh rjQ QVh lkfM+;k¡ vkSj

yqxnh isVhdksV yisVs xhr xk;s tk jgs gSaA B.M esa dk¡irs&fBBqjrs èkjus vkSjizn'kZu ij tkrs gq, yksx dchj ds fuxqZ.k vkSj rqylh dh pkSikb;k¡ lqu&lqukjgs gSaA ukjs yxk jgs gSaA og vdlj lkspk djrs fd lapkj ekè;eksa us ftlnqfu;k dks ,d xk¡o esa cny fn;k gS ml xk¡o ds uD'ks esa ;gk¡ dh vkSjrsa vkSjyksxksa dh dksbZ lwjr vkSj t:jr D;ksa ugha fn[kk;h nsrh\ dq,¡ esa fxjs cSy dksfudkyus os yksx D;ksa ugha vkrs tks eq¡g esa Hkksaik ck¡èkdj gesa vius xk¡o dkokf'kUnk crkrs gq, jkst&jkst ph[k jgs gSaa ,d fnu mUgksaus ns[kk fd ,d etnwjusrk dh] tks yksddFkkvksa dh rjg I;kjk vkSj [kwclwjr Fkk] ,d m|ksxifrvkSj 'kjkc ds Bsdsnkj us feydj gR;k dj nhA vkt mlh m|ksxifr usfgUnh dk lcls cM+k iqjLdkj lcls cM++s tuoknh vkSj ekuorkoknhlkfgR;dkj dks fn;k gSA ¶yS'k ped jgs gSaA QksVks [khaps tk jgs gSaA fopkj]vkn'kZ vkSj uSfrdrk csekuhA ;gha gS mÙkj vkèkqfudrk dk [kwclwjr ekMyA,d ;qok etnwj dh foèkok us ftl lgk;rk jkf'k ij Fkwd fn;k mlh ds lwnls fgUnh dk lcls cM+k iqjLdkj lcls cM+k tuoknh lkfgR;dkj ys jgk gSAcs'kehZ dh gn gSA

Bhd bUgha fnuksa mUgas iatkc ds ,d fo'ofo|ky; ls ysDpjjf'ki dkbaVjO;w nsus ds fy, ,d jftLVªh i= vk;k FkkA rhu fnu igysA vkt tc os[ksr ls vkdj cSyksa dks Hkwlk&nkuk djus dk jgs Fks rHkh mudh cM+h okyh csVhus mUgsa ,d nwljk iksLVdkMZ fn;kA

;g vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k dk iksLVdkMZ FkkA xq#nso eq>s vc Hkh Hkwys ughagSa&;g lkspdj gh lqcksèk feflj dh vk¡[ks NyNyk x;haA dq'kyrk dh dkeukds lkFk xq#nso us fy[kk gS fd ßvxj rqEgsa QqlZr gks rks ;gk¡ pys vkvksA iatkcdh ;k=k djuh gSA cw<+k gks x;k gw¡A vdsys ;k=k laHko ugha gSA vkSj vc ;gk¡dksbZ bruk fo'oluh; ugha ftlds Hkjksls bruh nwj tk;k tk ldsAÞ

ogh rkjh[k! ogh txg! yx jgk gS bl baVjO;w esa xq#nso gh ,DliVZ gSa

ukyUnk ij fx) 67 68 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

& lqcksèk feflj [kq'kh ls djhc&djhc dk¡ius yxs& 'kk;n vc esjs nq%[kksa dkvar gksus okyk gSA Bhd iUnzg fnu ckn mUgkasus jkeèkkjh lkgq ls gtkj #i;smèkkj fy;s vkSj xq#nso ds pkS[kV ij gkftj gks x;sA

lqcksèk us ns[kk] vius ?kj ds ckgjh fgLls esa] tgk¡ dHkh xkM+h [kM+h jgrhFkh ogha ,d VwVh vkSj èk¡lh pkjikbZ ij xq#nso eSyh&dqpSyh lh phdV jtkbZvks<+dj cSBs gSaA txg&txg ls QVh csM'khV uhps rd >wy jgh gSA lnhZ dkekSle FkkA xq#ekrk pkjikbZ ij ikrkus fldqM+dj cSBh FkhaA ,d xBjh gks pqdhxq#ekrkA tc lqcksèk ogk¡ igq¡ps rks xq#nso ds psgjs ij gYdh vkSj FkdheqLdjkgV QSy x;hA mUgksaus dksus esa j[ks iqjkus LVwy dh vksj b'kkjk djdscSBus ds fy, dgkA ßxq#nso vki ;gka¡\Þ & lqcksèk us txg&txg ls QVhnhokjksa okys xSjts esa ykokfj'k dh rjg iM+s xq#nso dks ns[kdj vk'p;Z vkSjd#.kk ls Hkjdj iwNkA nhokjksa vkSj Nr ij o"kks± iqjkus edM+h ds tkys yVdjgs FksA pkjksa vkSj xanxh FkhA

ßgk¡] vc esjs fy, ;gh txg mi;qDr gSA mÙkjkfèkdkj lkSai nsus ds cknjktk ds fy, taxyokl gh mfpr jgk gSAÞ & cksyrs gq, pwM+kef.k th ds 'kCn]tks dHkh ukfHk dh vksa·e èofu dh rjg FkjFkjkrs gq, fudyrs Fks] vkt tSlsvk¡[kksa ls Hkhxdj jsax jgs FksA ia[k QM+QM+kus dh dksf'k'k esa xkSjS;k ds cPpksadh rjg eq¡g ds cy fxj&fxj tk jgs xq#nso ds 'kCn& ßbèkj vc FkksM+k ,dkUrjgrk gSÞ & mUgksaus dgkA

?kqVuksa esa eq¡g <k¡is xq#vkbu vpkud QQd iM+ha] ßcgw mèkj tkus ughansrhA csVk emxk gSA ckr&csckr f>M+drk jgrk gSA vc rqEgkjs ckcwth xfB;kds ekjs py ugha ikrsA nks ehy iSny tkdj gksfe;ksiSFk dh nok ykrh gw¡A fnuHkj ds fy, vkèkk fdyks nwèk! csVk] rqeus rks ns[kk gh gS! ikap&ikap fdyks nwèkdk pk; cukrh jgh gw¡A vkt cw<+kis esa viuh Fkkyh vius gkFk èkksvks! fxuhgqbZ jksfV;k¡ vkSj eqëh Hkj pkoy!Þ

ßpqi jgks HkkxekuAÞ & vkpk;Z us iRuh dks larks"k fnyk;k vkSj iwNk] ßcsVslqcksèk! rqe dSls gks\ ?kj esa cky&cPps\ vkSj cgw dSlh gS\Þ

ßlc Bhd gS xq#nsoA ysfdu vki ;gk¡! vkSj bl rjg\Þ

ßugha] eq>s dksbZ rdyhQ ugha gSA iRuh viuh vknr ls ykpkj gSA cgwls ugha iVrhA [kSj NksM+ks! eq>s ;gk¡ cgqr lq[k gSAÞ

lqcksèk us ns[kk Fkk og fnu&dkyhu ds pkjksa rjQ fcNh dqflZ;k¡A Lo;a r[rds eksVs xís ij elun ds lgkjs vèkysVs vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k dk O;fDrRoA fgUnhtxg dk ;g izp.M lwjek 'k=q f'kfoj esa ,sjkor dh rjg] vius lkeus Mhu]okbl pkalyj ;k vU=h&eU=h fdlh dks dqN ugha le>rk FkkA lwj iap'krhlekjksg dk fojkV lekxe! ns'k ds dksus&dksus ls vk;s ekDlZoknh lkSUn;Z'kkL=ls ysdj lajpukoknh leh{kk fl)kUrksa ds ipklksa fo}ku] lcds chp fni&fnidjrk vkpk;Z dk viuk izHkke.My! lHkh muds lkeus n.Mor FksA fdlh dksFkhfl;ksa dk ijh{kd cuuk Fkk rks fdlh dks viuh fdrkc ikB~;Øe lfefr lsikl djkuh FkhA fdlh dks cgw dh fu;qfDr pkfg,] rks fdlh dks ;w-th-lh- dhxzkUVA vkt ogh xq#nso ykokfjl dh rjg vius gh ?kj ds ,d dksus esa [kksx;s&lqcksèk feflj HkkSapd FksA

ßvPNk rqe ,slk djks fd eqeq{k Hkou esa tkdj Bgj tkvksÞ& vkpk;Z usdgk & ßdy lqcg iatkc esy ls vackyk rd dk fjtosZ'ku gSA ogk¡ ls cldh ;k=k djuh iM+sxhAÞ

ßxq#nso! eSaus Hkh ml txg ds fy, vkosnu fd;k FkkAÞ lqcksèk us crk;k]ßesjk Hkh baVjO;w ysVj vk;k gSA D;k vkidks ekywe gS fd nwljs dkSu&dkSu,DliVZ gSa\Þ

vc rd vkpk;Z th ds eq[keaMy ij f'k";Ro dh tks eerk >yd jghFkh vpkud ;g lqurs gh drZO;ijk.krk ds cks> ls ncdj dBksj #[k cnyus

ukyUnk ij fx) 69 70 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

yxhA Loj ef)e gks x;kA cksys] ßpyks] ;g rks cgqr gh vPNk gSA ysfdu rqe;g ckr ;gk¡ fdlh ls crkuk erA eq>s rqEgkjh cgqr fpark gSAÞ

xq#vkbu us dgk] ßvc bUgas dkSu iwNrk gS csVk! igys lc yksx ;ghaekFkk jxM+rs FksA vc blh 'kgj esa vkdj pqi&pqi pys tkrs gSaA vxj xksgR;kdk Hk; u gks rks yksx cq<+s cSy dks xksyh ekj nsaAÞ

y[kuÅ ls vEckyk rd dh ;k=k vkpk;Z us lksdj iwjh dhA nwljs lkjseqlkfQj mudh ukd dh ?kjZ&?kjZ vkSj [kk¡lh ds ekjs Åc&Åc dj djoVcnyrs jgsA vk¡[kksa ds vykok xq#nso ds lkjs vaxfNnz feuV&feuV ij foLQksVdj jgs FksA J)k vrhfUnz; ugha gksrhA [kqn lqcksèk dks Hkh fnDdr gks jgh FkhA

vEckyk ls cl dk lQj djrs gq, xq#nso lqcksèk ls fglkc&fdrkc ysrsjgsA [ksrh esa fdruk Qk;nk gks tkrk gSA ßge yksx cpiu esa pus dk gksyk[kkdj bZ[k pwl ysrs FksA isV Hkj tkrk FkkA 'kgjksa esa rks cgqr iznw"k.k vkSjfeykoV c<+ x;h gSA ,d rks fctyh ugha vkrh nwljs fcy cgqr nsuk iM+rkgSa ̂ efg'ka p 'kjn~ pUnz pfUnzdk èkoya nfèk%*A dkfynkl us fy[kk gS & 'kjndkyhu pUnzek dh pk¡nuh dh rjg HkSal dh lqUnj ltko ngh! i<+dj ykjVidus yxrhA ;g lc xk¡o esa gh lEHko gSA 'kq) gok vkSj cs&feykoVHkkstuAÞ

ßysfdu xq#nso] xk¡o rks ujd gks pqds gSaA [ksrh dh gj Qly fdlkuksadks dtZ esa Mqcksdj pyh tkrh gSA nks twu ds Hkkstu ds vykok vc ogk¡ dqNHkh ugha gSAÞ

ß;g rqEgkjk Hkze gS lqcksèk! 'kgjksa ds fy, rqEgkjk vkd"kZ.k Bhd gS] ysfduxk¡oksa ds izfr rqEgkjs fopkj vPNs ugha gSAÞ

lqcksèk us lkspk& D;ksa ugha vki xk¡oksa esa pys tkrsA dkSu vkidks jksds gSAysfdu xq#nso dh ckrA os pqi yxk;s jgsA

mrjus okys LVs'ku ds FkksM+k igys gh pwM+kef.k th us lqcksèk dksfgnk;r nh] ßrqe ihNs ls mrjdj nwljh vksj pys tkukA ojuk] dksbZ rqEgsaesjs lkFk ns[k ysxk rks i{kikr dk vkjksi yxsxkA yksxs dgsaxs fd ̂ dSafMMsV*ysdj vk;s gSaAÞ

lqcksèk us dgk] ßtSlh bPNk xq#nso!Þ

baVjO;w cksMZ esa fnYyh ds ,d izpaM okeiUFkh Fks vkSj nwljs jktLFkku dsokeekxhZA rhljs Lo;a vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k] ftuds iq= dks vHkh cukjlfo'ofo|ky; esa izksQslj cuuk FkkA lqcksèk feflj us baVjO;w cksMZ esa cSBsvkpk;Z dks ns[kkA fuohZ; ikS#"k dh leLr okluk fujhg vk¡[ksa esa nhu ;kpukcudj pqipki cSBh FkhA okeiaFkh vkpk;Z us muls vyadkj vkSj jhfr dhlkekftd vkSj lkfgfR;d egRo iwNkA jktLFkku ds okekekxhZ ukFk lEiznk;hvkpk;Z us Hkk"kk foKku dk ̂ fxze fu;e*A

lqcksèk feflj lokyksa dk tokc Bhd ls ugha ns ik;sA baVjO;w [kjkc gksx;kA blfy, ugha fd fiNys dbZ lkyksa ls mudh i<+k;h&fy[kk;h ugha gks ldhFkh] cfYd blfy, fd baVjO;w dk vPNk ;k cqjk gksuk varr% vkSj ,dek=,DliVZ ij gh fuHkZj djrk gSA vc mUgsa vius xq#nso vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k lsgh vafre mEehn FkhA

ßrqeus rks esjh lkjh mEehn ij gh ikuh Qsj fn;kAÞ& ckgj fudydjvkpk;Z pwM+kef.k us crk;kA

ßfu;qfDr fdldh gqbZ xq#nso\Þ cl vìs dh vksj ykSVrs gq, lqcksèk fefljus cgqr èkhes vkSj #vk¡ls Loj esa iwNkA

jkr gks jgh gSA pkSM+h vkSj fpduh lM+dksa ds nksuksa vksj fu;ku ykbVksavkSj gkbykstu ds ihys izdk'k esa tyijh dh rjg rSjrh&Hkkxrh dkjsaAf[kyf[kykrh yM+fd;k¡A lewpk 'kgj ,d u'khys laxhr dh y; ij fFkjd jgkFkkA mudk iz'u Mwc x;k FkkA fdlh vn`'; yksd dh LoIu lqUnjh us vius

ukyUnk ij fx) 71 72 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

oSHko dk ikjn'khZ uhyk vk¡py cktkjksa ds Åij QSyk fn;k FkkA iSny pyrsgq, vkxs&vkxs xq#nso vkSj ihNs lqcksèk fefljA og vius xk¡o ds jkeèkkjhlkgq ls mèkkj fy;s ,d gtkj #i;s] viuh iRuh vkSj toku gksrh csfV;ksads ckjs esa lksp jgs FksA dgk¡ ls pqdk;saxs ;g ,d gtkj #i;kA mudk fnyMwc jgk FkkA xq#nso us crk;k] ßjftLVªkj dh iq=oèkw dh fu;qfDr gqbZ gSAlc dqN igys ls r; FkkA dgus dks yksx okeiaFkh curs gS] ysfdu izksQsljksadh ,d gh tkfr gksrh gS vkSj ,d gh fopkjèkkjkA dkSu mUgsa ijh{kdcukdj gokbZ tgkt dk fdjk;k ns ldrk gS! clA eSaus cgqr nqfu;k ns[khgSA cukjl fo'ofo|ky; esa izksQslj dh fu;qfDr gksus okyh gSA 'kk;n ;gh,DliVZ gksdj vk;saA blfy, eSa pqi yxk x;kA fdlh rjg Jo.k dqekjizksQslj gks tkrkAÞ

vEckyk dSaV rd igq¡pus esa jkr ds ukS ct x;s FksA xkM+h vHkh pkj ?kaVsysV FkhA ß,-lh- vkSj QLVZ Dyl esa eSaus cgqr ;k=k,¡ dh gSaA Åc vkSj ,dkUrvc lgk ugha tkrkA ns[kksa] lsds.M Dykl esa fjtosZ'ku fey ikrk gS ;k ugha\Þvkpk;Z us lqcksèk ls dgk] ßrqe Vh-Vh- dks crk nsuk fd cukjl fo'ofo|ky;esa izksQslj gSaAÞ

dqrsZ ds uhps ekjdhu dh cfu;kuA cfu;ku ds Hkhrj pksjFkSyhA jkeèkkjhlkgq dh cfu;ku dh rjg vkpk;Z dh cfu;ku esa Hkh pksjFkSyhA ,-lh- dkfdjk;k feyk gSA ysfdu xq#nso us pksjFkSyh ls fudkydj lkS&lkS ds nks uksVlqcksèk dks Fkek;s] ßlsds.M Dykl dk fVdV ys ysukAÞ

ßvHkh xkM+h vkus esa cgqr nsj gSÞ pwM+kef.k th us lqcksèk ls dgk] ß;gk¡ls rhu fdyksehVj nwj rd nsoh dk efUnj gS] ,dne futZu LFkku esaA dgktkrk gS fd lPps eu ls ogk¡ ek¡xh x;h gj eUur iwjh gks tkrh gSA eq>s rqEgkjhHkh cgqr fpUrk jgrh gS lqcksèk!Þ

'kk;n xq#nso esjs fy, lksp jgs gSaA vxj dksbZ xq# nsoh ds lkeus tkdj

lPps eu ls vius f'k"; ds fy, eUur ek¡xs rks lewps czãk.M esa blls ifo=izkFkZuk vkSj D;k gks ldrh gS\ & lqcksèk us lkspkA

v¡èksjh jkr gSA futZu LFkkuA fjD'kk rks feysxk ughaA ßysfdu dksbZ ckrugha xq#nso! xk¡o dk jgus okyk gw¡A cks>k <ksus dh vknr gSA bZ[k vkSj Tokjds cM+s&cM+s cks> [ksr ls ysdj vkrk gwaA rhu fdyksehVj dksbZ nwjh ugha gS!Þ& lqcksèk us dgk vkSj xq#nso dk Hkkjh gksYMky vkSj vVSph flj ij ykndjpy iM+sA viuk >ksyk mUgksaus xys esa yVdk fy;kA & ßvki cl jkLrk crkrstkb, xq#nso!Þ

,d fdyksehVj ckn 'kgj [kRe gks x;kA eq[; lM+d ls gVdj [ksrksa dschp ,d ixMaMhA nks fdyksehVj vkSj pyuk gS& xq#nso us dgk] ßirk ughaD;ksa eq>s vkt cgqr Mj yx jgk gSAÞ

xgjh v¡èksjh jkr FkhA flj ij Hkkjh gksYMky] vVSph vkSj xys esa >ksykyVdk;s vkxs&vkxs lqcksèk feflj vkSj ihNs&ihNs vc HkwriwoZ gks pqds cukjlfo'ofo|ky; ds vHkwriwoZ vkpk;Z pwM+kef.kA muds iSj ckj&ckj èkksrh esaQ¡ldj my> tk jgs FksA tkM+s dk ekSle FkkA rst cQhZyh gok py jgh FkhAßyx jgk gS f'keyk esa cQZ fxjh gSA bl lky B.M cgqr iM+sxhAÞ & dacydks dldj 'kjhj ij yisVrs gq, vkpk;Z us dgkA

ßeq>s rks ilhuk gks jgk gS xq#nso!Þ & lqcksèk feflj dh dk¡irh vkoktgksYMky ds Hkkjh otu ls nch tk jgh FkhA

ßxk¡o dk vkneh Je djrk jgrk gSA deZohj vkSj lPpk izd`fr iq=Ablhfy, fujksx jgrk gSA irk ugha D;ksa vktdy yksx 'kgjksa dh vksj Hkkxjgs gSaA eq>s rks xk¡o cgqr vPNs yxrs gSaA fj'rksa dh vkfne xaèk esa Mwcsxk¡oA 'kgj esa rks dksbZ fdlh dks igpkurk gh ughaA pkjksa vksj erycvkSj LokFkZ!Þ & xq#nso us dgkA

ukyUnk ij fx) 73 74 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

cl] cl ;gh lkeusA pkjksa vksj bZ[k vkSj èkku ds dVs [ksrA lUukVs esaMwck NksVk lk efUnjA rsfy;ksa ds cV[kjs dh rjg dkyh vkSj cs<c lhxqIrdyhu iRFkj dh eqfrZA u dksbZ rjk'k uk HkO;rkA vkpk;Z us vk¡[ks can dhavkSj J)k ls gkFk tksM+kA ßfons'kksa esa ;g djksM+ksa dh fcdsxhA ljdkj dks lqj{kkdk bartke djuk pkfg,Þ & xq#nso us fpark trk;h vkSj crk;k] ßgy tksrrsle; [ksr ds Hkhrj feyh Fkh ;g ewfrZAÞ

xkao esas rks dksbZ bldk ik¡p #i;k Hkh uk nsxk& lqcksèk us vk'p;Z lsxq#nso dks ns[kkA

ßigys rqe vius fy, dqN ek¡x yks!Þ vkpk;Z us dgk & ßysfdu iwjs euls rUe; gksdjA Li"V mPpkj.k ds lkFkAÞ

lqcksèk gkFk tksM+dj [kM+s gks x;s] ßek¡] eq>s ukSdjh pkfg,! gkbZ Ldwy]b.VjehfM,V ls ysdj ch-,-] ,e-,- fdlh Hkh d{kk esa i<+k ldrk gw¡A eq>si<+kus dh ukSdjh pkfg, ek¡! eSa xq# _.k ls m_.k gksuk pkgrk gw¡A ljLorhdk dyad flj ij ykns] eSa viuh lewph vkLFkk ds lkFk rqels ikieqfDr dhizkFkZuk dj jgk gw¡A eq>s xk¡o ds v¡èksjs udZ ls fudkydj pkgs tgk¡ dgha HkstnksA eSa ogk¡ ugha jguk pkgrkA lkjk xk¡o esjh i<+k;h&fy[kk;h ij g¡lrk gSAÞ

dkyh v¡èksjh jkrA fuLrCèk lUukVkA lqcksèk izkFkZuk dj jgs FksA muds,d&,d 'kCn] tSls fprk esa vkRenkg djrh fdlh foèkok dh ph[k vkx dhyiVksa esa NViVk jgh gksA mudh vk¡[kksa ls vk¡lw NyNyk vk;s FksA

mlds ckn vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k th ewfrZ ds lkeus mifLFkr gq,A lqcksèkus lkspk] tks dqN dlj jg x;h gksxh esjs ek¡xus ds <ax esa] mls xq#nsot:j iwjk dj nsaxsA os pwM+kef.k th ds Bhd ihNs fu'py Hkko ls [kM+s gksx;sA HkkoeXuA

vkpk;Z us igys gkFk tksM+k vkSj fQj vk¡[ksa e¡wn yhaA rhu&pkj yEch&yEchlk¡lsa [khaphA iz.kk;ke dh nh?kZ lkèkuk esa mUgksaus 'kCn dks ukfHk rd [khapdj

FkjFkjkrs eUnz Loj esa igys vks·e dk mPpkj.k fd;kA fQj gkFk dks ek¡ dsiSjksa ij Vsd dj tehu ij ysV x;sA FkksM+h nsj rd ,dne 'kkUrA vpkudmuds xys ls jksus dh vkokt QwVhA lqcksèk us ns[kk] nqfu;k dk lcls nq%[khvkneh ek¡ ds iSjksa ij fxjk iM+k gSA d#.k fgpfd;ksa esa xq#nso ds 'kCnMwc&mrjk jgs Fks] ßek¡] esjs csVs dks izksQslj cuk nsukA gk¡ ek¡ izksQslj! lewpkfgUnh txg esjs midkj ds cks> ls nck gSA ysfdu eq>s vc fdlh ij Hkjkslkugha jg x;kA esjk nqfnZu tkudj esjs Åij n;k djks ek¡!Þ

;g D;k dg jgs gSa xq#nso! & lqcksèk feflj FkjFkj dk¡i jgs FksA d`rèurkdk ;g pje :i ns[kdj os fdadrZO;foew<+ gks x;sA

ßvPNk rks xq#nso] iz.kke! & eSa tk jgk gwaAÞ

vkpk;Z us lquk vkSj ysVs&ysVs ihB ds cy myV x;s] ßeq>s bl rjg ;gk¡vdsys NksM+dj lqcksèk\Þ mUgksaus ;kpuk ds ls Loj esa iwNkA

ßgk¡! blh rjgA blh v¡èksjs esaA ;gha iM+&iMs+ jksrs jgsaAÞlqcksèk ds gkFk esa,d gYdk lk >ksyk FkkA os mls m¡xfy;ksa esa upkrs] xqCckjs dh rjg gok esaygjkrs pys tk jgs FksA

vpkud mUgsa vius ihNs fdlh dh fgpfd;k¡ vkSj jksus dh vkokt lquk;hnhA mUgksaus eqM+dj ns[kkA mUgkasus ns[kk fd flj ij Hkkjh gksYMky vkSj vVSphykns vkpk;Z pwM+kef.k Hkkxrs&Hkkxrs fxjrs&iM+rs pys vk jgs gSaA

¼dFkkns'k] ekpZ 1998½

nsosUnznsosUnznsosUnznsosUnznsosUnz

dFkkdkj nsosUnz dk tUe tuojh 1958 dks xkthiqj ftys ds fiiukj xkaoesa gqvkA ;wa nsosUnz us dgkuh fy[kus dh 'kq:vkr rks uosa n'kd ds vafre nkSj

ukyUnk ij fx) 75 76 Js"B fgUnh dgkfu;k¡ (1990-2000)

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esa dj nh Fkh vkSj viuh 'kq:vkrh dgkuh ̂ 'kgj dksroky dh dfork* ls ghviuh igpku cuk yh Fkh] ysfdu os egRoiw.kZ dgkuhdkj ds :i esa izfrf"Brgq, vafre n'kd esaA nsosUnz us de dgkfu;ka fy[kha] ysfdu yxHkx lHkhegRoiw.kZA dgkuh laxzg vHkh rd ,d gh gS & ̂ 'kgj dksroky dh dfork*Aleh{kk dh Hkh ,d iqLrd gS& ̂ uDlyokM+h vkUnksyu vksj ledkyhu fgUnhdfork*A iqjLdkj nks gSa & ̂ bUnq 'kekZ dFkk iqjLdkj* (1996) vkSj ̂ mÙkj izns'kfgUnh laLFkku* dk ;'kiky dFkk lEeku (1998)A

lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %&lEidZ %& fo'os'oj n;ky feJ uxj] csgte jksM]y[heiqj [khjh] mÙkj izns'keks- & 09451237049

ckt+kj esa jkeèkuckt+kj esa jkeèkuckt+kj esa jkeèkuckt+kj esa jkeèkuckt+kj esa jkeèkudSyk'k cuoklhdSyk'k cuoklhdSyk'k cuoklhdSyk'k cuoklhdSyk'k cuoklh

;g ckyksn dk cqèkokjh ckt+kj gSA

ckyksn bl ftys dh ,d rglhy gSA dqN lky igys rd ;g flQZ+ ,dNksVk&lk xkao gqvk djrk FkkA tgka fdlku Fks] muds [ksr Fks] gy&cD[kj Fks]muds cjxn] uhe vkSj ihiy FksA ij vc ;g ,d NksVk 'kgj dh lkjh[kwfc;ka fy, gq,A vklikl ds xkao&nsgkrksa dks 'kgj dk lq[k vkSj Lokn nsusokykA blh ckyksn ds g¶rkokj Hkjus okys cqèkokjh ckt+kj dh ckr gSAjkeèku vius ,d tksM+h cSy ysdj ;gka cspus igqapk FkkA

ckt+kj vHkh Hkjuk cl 'kq: gh gqvk Fkk] oSls Hkh <kbZ&rhu cts èkwi esa[+kjhnkjh djus dkSu fudyrk gS\ blds ckotwn ;gka pkjksa rjQ+ jaxhuh vkSjjkSud gSA irk ugha D;k ckr gS] jkeèku tc Hkh ;gka vkrk gS] ckt+kj vkSj'kgj dh jkSud dks c<+k gqvk gh ik;k gSA

vius cSyksa dks ysdj og mèkj c<+ x;k tgka xk;&cSyksa dk ckt+kj HkjrkgSA cSyksa dk ;g dksbZ de cM+k ckt+kj ugha gSA cSyksa dk iwjk gqtwe ekStwn gSAnks&<kbZ lkS ls Hkyk D;k de gksaxsA

jkeèku ds psgjs&eksgjs] mldh phdV caMh vkSj eVeSyh èkksrh&ftldkeVeSyk jax fdlh lkcqu&ikuh ls ugha ?kqyrk&ns[kdj dksbZ Hkh lgt tkuldrk gS fd og fdl Lrj dk vkneh gSA jkeèku ds ckjs esa dqN eksVh&eksVh

ukyUnk ij fx) 77 78