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8/9/2019 Squad X Core Technologies
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DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Squad X Core Technologies
(SXCT)
MAJ Christopher Orlowski
Proposers’ Day
February 27, 2015
1
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Squad X Core Technologies Proposers’ Day
Time Topic Speaker
0800 – 0900 Registration
0900 – 0915 Welcoming Remarks (Admin & Security)MAJ Christopher Orlowski, DARPA/TTOMs. Tyna Gohmann, DARPA/SID
0915 – 0935 TTO Director Remarks Dr. Brad Tousley, Office Director, DARPA/TTO
0935 – 0955 Army Operating Concept COL Bryan Rudacille, DARPA Army Liaison
0955 – 1015 Squad Foundation of the Decisive Force(SFDF)
Mr. Pat Berger, Deputy Director TCM-Soldier
1015 - 1035 Break
1035 – 1055 BAA and Contracting with DARPA Mr. Peter Donahue, DARPA/CMO
1055 – 1215 Squad X Core Technologies Program MAJ Christopher Orlowski, DARPA/TTO
1215 – 1335 No-host networking lunch
1335 – 1415 Question and Answer Session MAJ Christopher Orlowski, DARPA/TTO
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• The Proposers’ Day briefing is intended to provide an orientation to DARPA
BAA-15-26 (can be found on fbo.gov, released 24 February 2015), and issolely for information purposes.
• The solicitation (BAA-15-26) supersedes anything presented or said byDARPA at the Proposers Day.
• Examples in this briefing (e.g., technologies, use cases) are chosen for ease
of illustration only and do not constitute endorsement of any particularapproach.
• Squad X Core Technologies is a DARPA program to develop new conceptsand technologies to make dismounted forces more effective.
• Interested performers are expected to be able to articulate a clear andcompelling vision for their technology, proposed course of research, andtransition potential.
• We need your help to make this program a success!
Opening Comments
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Why Squad X?
Iraq AfghanistanDesert Storm VietnamKoreaWWII Europe
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• Extend and enhance the situational awareness of the rifle squad
• Provide small unit leaders with increased maneuver time and space
• Enable rifle squads to shape and dominate their battlespace
Squad X Vision
Goals:
• Enable echelons platoon and below to maneuver distributed, while maintainingthe ability to fight concentrated and mass effects
• Provide small unit leaders increased maneuver time and space, in order toallow them increased decision time and tactical flexibility
Principles:
• Enable squads to adapt to and counter emerging threats in their battlespace
• Requires quantification of current and expected performance to effectivelyassess progress
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Paradigm Shift for Building Combat Power
Forces designed for linear,conventional operations;
challenged to adapt and beflexible across the range of
military operations
Precision Effects and IntelligenceCapabilities Today
Strategic
Tactical
Operational
Build Combat Power from the Rifle Squad Up
Precision Effects and IntelligenceCapabilities Needed Tomorrow1
Squad X
Forces designed for linear andnonlinear, conventional and
nonconventional operations;adaptable and flexible across
the range of military operations
1 Adapted from War From the Ground Up, Emile Simpson, Oxford University Press, 2012
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• Planned schedule: 18 Months
• Start 3QFY14; End 2QFY16 (through DARPA-SN-14-40)
• Conduct USA, USMC, and SOF Workshops:
• Concepts of Operations
• Capability alignment and maturation
• Transition paths and partners
• Perform Integration Studies and Define Reference Architecture
• Define open, common, commercially extensible Government-owned architecture
• Define key interfaces and standards
• Conduct Baseline Technology Evaluation
•Conduct Experimentation Site Selection and Operational Support
• Establish Tactical Edge Standards Board (TESB)
Squad X Infrastructure Study
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Squad X Infrastructure Study Baseline
Head-up display/night-vision device
Warfighter-WornSensors
SquadNetworked
CommunicationsUnmanned Air Vehicles
Common WorldModel Management
End-userDevice/
SA applications
Ground Sensors
Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Warfighter Information Interaction Network Information Management
Unmanned Information Interaction
PowerManagement
Artist’s Concept
8
Artist’sConcept
Artist’sConcept
Artist’s
Concept
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• Workshop goals:
• Discuss desired squad system capabilities• Identify emerging ConOps in rural and urban environments
• Draft squad system assessment metrics
• Interviews conducted with Squad Leaders and Platoon Sergeants
• 1-7 Marines at Twentynine Palms on 9 December 2014
• 1-8, 2-6, and 2-9 Marines at Camp Lejeune on 17 December 2014• Marine Corps Warfighting Lab support and coordination for both events
• Key takeaways:
• Communications – lack of horizontal information flow; improved and increasedcommunications was number one priority
•
Response time – lack capabilities for rapid identification and response to threats• Agility and flexibility – threats readily adapt to our TTPs, we need similar
abilities to adapt
• Situational awareness – atmospheric changes in the operational environment;friendly casualty notification
• Precision capabilities - kinetic and non-kinetic (left and right of bang)
Marine Corps Workshops
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• A new program that seeks to develop and deliver new technologies that would:
•
Give dismounted squads enhanced situational awareness• Enable them to shape and dominate their battlespace
What is the Squad X Core Technologies Program?
Artist’s Concept
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Army vs. Marine Squad
FireTeam 1
Rifleman
Grenadier
AutomaticRifleman
TeamLeader
FireTeam 2
Rifleman
Grenadier
AutomaticRifleman
TeamLeader
SquadLeader
Army Infantry Squad
FireTeam 1
Rifleman
AutomaticRifleman
Asst. Auto.Rifleman
TeamLeader/
Grenadier
SquadLeader
Marine Rifle Squad
FireTeam 2
Rifleman
AutomaticRifleman
Asst. Auto.Rifleman
TeamLeader/
Grenadier
FireTeam 3
Rifleman
AutomaticRifleman
Asst. Auto.Rifleman
TeamLeader/
Grenadier
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Current Army Infantry Squad
Marine and Army Rifle Squads do not possess organic capabilities to shape their
battlespace and deliver precision effects; they must rely on higher-echelon assets.13
GPS
Army Infantry Squad
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Current Marine Rifle Squad
14
A
A
A
Marine Rifle Squad
Marine and Army Rifle Squads do not possess organic capabilities to shape their
battlespace and deliver precision effects; they must rely on higher-echelon assets.DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
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Squad X Core Technologies
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SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
GPS
UAV
UAV
GPS
• Adapt, extend, and developcapabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
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Squad X Core Technologies
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• Adapt, extend, and developcapabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
GPS
UAV
UAV
Squad Autonomy
UGV
UAV
UAV
UGV
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
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Squad X Core Technologies
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GPS
UAV
UAV
Squad Autonomy
SquadSensing• Adapt, extend, and develop
capabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
UAV
UAV
UGV
UAV
UAV
UGV
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
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Squad X Core Technologies
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GPS
UAV
UAV
Squad Autonomy
SquadSensing
Non-KineticEngagement
• Adapt, extend, and developcapabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
UGV
UAV
UAV
UGV
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
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UAV
UAV
Squad X Core Technologies – Army Rifle Squad
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PrecisionEngagement
GPS
Squad Autonomy
SquadSensing
Non-KineticEngagement
• Adapt, extend, and developcapabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
UGV
UAV
UAV
UGV
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
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Squad X Core Technologies – Marine Rifle Squad
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UGV
UAV
UAV
PrecisionEngagement
GPS
A
A
A
UAV
UAV
Squad Autonomy
SquadSensing
Non-KineticEngagement
UGV
• Adapt, extend, and developcapabilities in four technicalareas:
• Precision Engagement: GuidedEffects to Dominate theBattlespace
• Non-Kinetic Engagement:
Environmental Effects to Shapethe Battlespace
• Squad Sensing: Fusion andExploitation for Red Situational
Awareness
• Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming for BlueSituational Awareness
• Demonstrate the efficacy of thecapabilities throughexperimentation
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
SXCT seeks to deliver organic capabilities to the Rifle Squad that would
enable them to shape their battlespace and deliver precision effects.
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We are Open to Solutions
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TA1 – Precision Engagement: Guided Effects
Leverage Existing Platforms
Navy Spike Missile
Scale to Squad Applications
Payoffs: • Cost-effective increase in firepower using existing platforms• Organic ability to mass squad firepower without line of sight
Challenges: • Maneuverability, accuracy and control with cost and impulse constraints• Efficacy of launchable sensors with commercial off-the-shelf components
M320GrenadeLauncher
PicatinnyRail
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Adapt: Existing systems for dismounted warfighter applications
Extend: Open loop guided projectiles to closed loop guided projectiles
Develop: Launchable sensors for reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition
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• Desired solutions:
• Guided weapon technologies that enable the rifle squad to precisely engageknown non-line-of-sight threats in their battlespace
• Examples: advanced 40mm grenade, micro-missile
• Continuous closed-loop guidance of a projectile to target or initial closed-loopguidance followed by accurate terminal engagement
• Effectively leveraging the networked squad: accurately localized squad members
(manned and unmanned) and shared squad information• Novel, launchable sensors (e.g., small unmanned aerial vehicles)
• Compatibility with current squad equipment
• Examples: M203/M320 grenade launchers, Picatinny Rail system
• Specifically not desired:
• Developments in explosive payloads
• Evolutionary upgrades to existing rounds
• Solutions requiring excessive impulse forces on the Warfighter
• Open-loop ballistic guidance
• Developments that do not interface with infantry squad equipment
Concept Ideas – Precision Engagement
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• Phase I demonstrations should clearly illustrate performance against the
program success metrics:• Accuracy: 2m CEP
• Mass: ≤ 1.0 kg
• Recoil Energy: ≤ 70 joules
• Evaluations should include, at a minimum:
• Hardware-in-the-loop simulation with estimation of procurement cost
• Degree of interoperability with current rifle squad weapon systems
• Human factor impacts
Expectations – Precision Engagement
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TA2 – Non-Kinetic Engagement: Environmental Effects
Reduce Warfighter Burden Counter Emerging Threats
Payoffs: • Disruption of enemy communications, command, and control• Counters to unmanned threats
Challenges: • Coordinated effects from moving, disaggregated platforms•
Performance with limitations on size, weight, and power25
Adapt: Existing and emerging systems for dismounted rifle squad applications
Extend: Singular capabilities through collaboration for increased performance
Develop: Counters to unmanned systems in the rifle squad battlespace
The full objectives and scope of Technical Area 2 can be found in the BAA’s classified addendum
©3d Robotics
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• Phase I demonstrations should clearly illustrate performance against the
program success metrics:• Squad Movement Speed ≥ 2 m/s
• Soldier SWaP – Mass < 900 g
• Soldier SWaP – Volume < 500 cm3
• Evaluations should include, at a minimum:
• Tactical demonstration in open terrain
• An estimate of size, weight, and power requirements to achieve program successmetrics at the end of Phase II
Expectations – Non-Kinetic Engagement
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TA3 – Squad Sensing: Fusion and Exploitation
Network the Squad’s Sensing
Payoffs: • System-level sensing not restricted to line of sight or physical domain• Improved detection range, accuracy, and robustness
Challenges: • High accuracy and low false alarms over wide range of conditions• Low size, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C)
27
Enhance the Squad’s Sensing
Adapt: Algorithms and multi-modal sensors for dismounted rifle squad employment
Extend: Single sensors through networked coordination for increased range and accuracy
Develop: Novel techniques for threat detection and identification
©Raytheon BBN © Kitware © JPL
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• Desired solutions:
•
Sensing• Low-SWaP systems that can be carried by the manned or unmanned squad member
• Novel means to identify and localize threats in the squad’s operational environment,especially human threats
• Sensor arrays that network the squad’s sensing
• Directed sensors to eliminate the current sensing gap resulting from current rules ofengagement
• Minimizing false alarms over realistic operating conditions
• Exploitation
• Novel exploitation techniques to classify threats in collected sensor data, especiallyhuman threats
• Methods that can perform within squad-level sensing and computing limitations
• This area is primarily a software development effort
• Specifically not desired:
• Evolutionary algorithm or sensor developments
• Significant hardware or software interface development
• Global, multi-scale common world model development
Concept Ideas – Squad Sensing
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• Phase I demonstrations should clearly illustrate performance against the
program success metrics:• Accuracy 0.9
• Squad Movement Speed ≥ 2 m/s
• Soldier SWaP – Mass < 350 g
• Soldier SWaP – Volume < 200 cm3
• Demonstrations should include, at a minimum:• Live demonstration of capability with a representative fire team in open terrain
• An estimate of size, weight, and power requirements at completion of Phase II
Expectations – Squad Sensing
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Payoffs: • Squad-level localization with heterogeneous agents in GPS-deniedenvironments
• Manned/unmanned teaming at increased operational tempo with minimalinterventions
Challenges: • Accuracy and drift, over both time and distance, with SWaP-C constraints• Operational tempo in complex and dynamic environments
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
TA4 – Squad Autonomy: Manned-Unmanned Teaming
Multiple Techniques and Platforms Squad-Relevant Behaviors
30
Adapt: Multi-agent techniques for human and machine collaborative localization
Extend: Current perception techniques for increased speed and robustness
Develop: Unmanned system behaviors (e.g., scouting and formation keeping)
© Thalmic Labs © Thalmic Labs
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• Specifically not desired:
•
Unmanned platform development• Evolutionary autonomy system development
• Developmental sensors
• Individual person or platform localization
• Machine-only collaborative localization and mapping
• Fully active sensor systems using traditional/fixed wavelengths (e.g., LIDAR at
typical 850-905 nm ranges)
Concept Ideas – Squad Autonomy, continued
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• Phase I demonstrations should clearly illustrate performance against theprogram success metrics:
• Absolute position ≤ 6 m
• Interventions 0
• Soldier SWaP – Mass < 350 g
• Soldier SWaP – Volume < 200 cm3
• Demonstrations should include, at a minimum:• Live demonstration of capability with a representative fire team in open terrain
• An estimate of size, weight, and power requirements at completion of Phase II
Expectations – Squad Autonomy
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SXCT Program Plan
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Q1
FY15Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
FY16Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
FY17Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
FY18Q2 Q3 Q4
Phase 2
Phase 1
Concept Preliminary Design Review
Concept Development
Technology Maturation
Kickoff
Concept Critical Design Review
Concept Demonstration
Execute Options
Reviews
Experiments
Efforts to be selectedby this BAA(DARPA-BAA-15-26)
Squad X StudiesEfforts selected byDARPA-SN-14-40
BAA Release
34
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• Squad X Core Technologies s no t an integrated, squad system development
program• Proposers may assume (or solutions may leverage):
• Capabilities disaggregated across the rifle squad to include unmanned systems
• Networked communications between both human and machine members of therifle squad
• Use of surrogates is encouraged:
• Unmanned system platforms
• Communication devices
• Interface(s)/display(s)
• We’re not prescribing the using of a specific radio, waveform, interface/display, orunmanned system
•
Demonstrations• In Phase I, teams will substantiate technology performance through a concept
demonstration
• Modeling and simulation is expected in order to demonstrate projected capability
• Live demonstrations are preferred and encouraged
• Focus on the technology that is you r strength
General Guidance
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• Proposers should not submit proposals that combine multiple Technical
Areas into a single effort• Teams may submit separate technical and cost proposals for each proposed
technical area
• The purpose of this approach is to streamline the contracting process, not torestrict ideas or prevent entities from offering multiple technology solutions
• Proposers should strive to provide a clear understanding of the cost, risk,and organizational expertise to be used within each proposed effort
Multiple Technical Areas
DARPA will consider proposals that address multiple technicalareas as non-responsive and will not evaluate them
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• Some aspects of the SXCT program are classified
• DARPA anticipates proposals submitted under this BAA will be a mixture ofunclassified and classified efforts.
• When the classification of a submission is in question, refer to the SXCT SecurityClassification Guide (SCG), to determine the classification.
• The SXCT Classified Addendum and Security Classification Guide must be
requested per instructions provided in the BAA.
• The BAA, including its SCG, contains all information required to submit aproposal for Technical Areas 1, 3, and 4.
• The BAA, its SCG, and the Classified Addendum contain all information tosubmit a proposal for Technical Area 2.
Classified Addendum & Security Classification Guide
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• Extend and enhance the situational awareness of the rifle squad
• Provide small unit leaders with increased maneuver time and space
• Enable rifle squads to shape and dominate their battlespace
Squad X Vision
Goals:
• Enable echelons platoon and below to maneuver distributed, while maintainingthe ability to fight concentrated and mass effects
• Provide small unit leaders increased maneuver time and space, in order toallow them increased decision time and tactical flexibility
Principles:
• Enable squads to adapt to and counter emerging threats in their battlespace
• Requires quantification of current and expected performance to effectivelyassess progress
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• Please submit your written questions via the cards provided
•This will allow us to capture the Q&A portion for those not able to attend
• Answers to the questions will be provided after lunch and posted to FBO.gov
• FAQ• Will a copy of the presentation material be made available?
• Yes, once it has cleared public release
• How will proposals be ranked against each other?
• Proposals will not be compared to one another; each proposal will only be evaluated
against the evaluation criteria provided in the BAA.
Questions
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www.darpa.mil