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Chapter Menu

Chapter Introduction

Section 1:Mobilizing for War

Section 2:The Early Battles

Section 3:Life on the Home Front

Section 4:Pushing Back the Axis

Section 5:The War Ends

Visual Summary

Section 1-Main Idea

Big Ideas

Economics and Society Americans quickly converted to a wartime economy to support the war effort.

Section 1-Key Terms

Content Vocabulary

• cost-plus • disenfranchised

Academic Vocabulary

• vehicle • draft

Section 1-Key Terms

People and Events to Identify

• War Production Board

• Office of War Mobilization

• “Double V” campaign

• Tuskegee Airmen

• Oveta Culp Hobby

• Women’s Army Corps

A. A

B. B

Section 1-Polling Question

Do you agree that women in the military should receive the same tasks as men?

A. Agree

B. Disagree

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Section 1

American Industry Gets the Job Done

Factories built tanks, airplanes, trucks, and jeeps for military use, as well as safer ships.

Section 1

• The automobile industry was uniquely suited to the mass production of military equipment.

• Henry Kaiser reduced the time to build a Liberty ship from 244 days to 41 days.

American Industry Gets the Job Done(cont.)

– He built 30 percent of all American ships during the war.

Section 1

• As American companies converted to war production, many business leaders became frustrated with the mobilization process.

– FDR tried to improve the system by creating the War Production Board (WPB).

– The WPB clashed with the military, so Roosevelt established the Office of War Mobilization (OWM) to settle arguments.

American Industry Gets the Job Done(cont.)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Section 1

A B C D

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What major change did Henry Kaiser make to his ships?

A. Rivets

B. Welding

C. Bigger engines

D. Thicker metal

Section 1

Building an Army

Minorities and women played an important role in the United States armed forces during World War II.

Section 1

• Within days of Germany’s attack on Poland in 1939, President Roosevelt expanded the army to 227,000 soldiers.

– Two members of Congress introduced the Selective Service and Training Act, a plan for the first peacetime draft in American history.

Building an Army (cont.)

• More than 60,000 men enlisted in the month after the attack on Pearl Harbor, overwhelming the army’s training facilities.

Creating an American Army

Section 1

• At the start of the war, the U.S. military was segregated.

– Some African Americans did not want to support the war, being disenfranchised and bitter over their treatment.

– The Pittsburgh Courier launched the “Double V” campaign—urging African Americans to fight against Hitler’s racism and the racism at home.

Building an Army (cont.)

Creating an American Army

Section 1-End

Figure 1

Figure 2

Vocab4

draft 

to select a person at random for mandatory military service

Vocab2

disenfranchise  

to deprive of the right to vote