Spelling Rules

Spelling Rule Review

What is the rule about adding “y”, “ly”, or “ness” to a word that doesn’t end in “y”? Ex. Sincere + ly OR sad + ness

What is the rule about adding suffixes to words that end in “y”? Happy + ness

When do you keep an “e” at the end of a word? When do you drop it? What are the exceptions? Expense + ive OR Extreme + ly OR Courage + ous

When do you double a consonant before adding a suffix? Ex. Drag + ing OR Ex. Hid + en

Is the suffix ending “ful” or “full”? Joy + ful OR Joy + full

Find the spelling errors in the passage below.

It was a gloomy, sad day. None of my friends were available to hang out, so I accepted the fact that I would spend the day feeling lonly. I figureed I could find a way to spend my time that would make me joyfull. As I thought about it, I recalld that the happyiest day of my life was when I had gone sking. The mountains had been coverd in snow, the sun had been shinning, and the air had been crisp. Up there on that mountain, I had been truely hapy. The decision was made, I would go skiing.

Rule #1

Don’t change the spelling of the word when adding –ly or –ness to any word that doesn’t end in ‘y’

Sincere + ly Lone + ly

Rule #2

For any word that ends in ‘y’, change ‘y’ to ‘i’ and add the suffix (-ness, -es, - ly)

Lonely + ness = loneliness

Happy + ness = happiness

Practice RULES #1 & #2

Day + ly

Kind + ness

Marry + age

Great + ness

Quick + ly

Messy + ness

Happy + est

Supply + es

Beautiful + ly

Carry + ed

Words you need to know

What is a consonant?

- any letter except a,e,i,o,u

What is a vowel?

-a,e,i,o,u

What is a prefix?

A group of letters added before the word that alters its meaning (Ex. pre-,un-, in-,dis-)

What is a suffix?

A group of letters added to the end of a word that alters its meaning (Ex. –able, -ive, -ly, -ness)

Rule #3

Keep the silent e at the end of a word when you add a suffix that begins with a consonant (-ment,-ful,-ly)

Arrange + ment Peace + ful

Sincere + ly

Exceptions:

judge + ment = judgment

acknowledge + ment = acknowledgment

True + ly = truly

Rule #4

Drop the silent e at the end of a word when you add a suffix that begins with a vowel (Ex.-ed, -ing,-ous,-ably,-al, and –y)

Hope + ing = hoping

Shine + y = shiny

Use rules 3 & 4 to spell these words correctly

1. Fortune + ate

2. Excite + ing

3. Trouble + some

4. Dose + age

5. Nature + al

6. Hope + ful

7. Fame + ous

8. Write + ing

9. Excite + ment

10. Judge + ment

Exceptions to Rule #4

Notice + able = noticeable

Courage + ous = courageous

Advantage + ous = advantageous

Noticeable needs to keep the e because the ce together make the ‘s’ sound.

Courageous needs the e because the ‘e’ makes the ‘a’ long (say its own name) cour – age – ous

Same thing in advantageous; it helps us pronounce the words correctly.

Practice Rules # 1-4

Adventure + ous

Conflict + ed

Affection + ate

Tardy + ness

Tie + ed

Probe + ing

Resource + ful

Carry + ing

Disappoint + ment

Aware + ness

Expense + ive

Note + able

State + ment

Care + ful + ly

Judge + ment

Beauty + ful + ly

Rule #5

Double the final consonant when the word is just one syllable, the last two letters are ONE vowel and ONE consonant, and you add a suffix that begins with a vowel (such as –ing, -ed,-er,-est,-al,-y)

Swim, swimming, swimmer

Drag, dragging, dragged

Hot, hotter, hottest

Rob, robbing, robber

Practice Rule #5: Double or no double?

Mop + ing

Act + ed

Write + ing

Shop + ed

Whip + ed

Warm + est

Jog + er

Talk + er

Nap + ing

Sap + y

Intention + al

Mug + y

Hope + ing

Hop + er

Ski +er

Rule #6

Add -ful not full when you add as a suffix

Thought + ful

Cheer + ful

Sometimes is will look like full but that is only a result of adding a second suffix Cheer + ful + ly, beauty + ful + ly

Lone + ly Disappoint + ment Adventure + ous Beautiful + ly Quick + ly Kind + ness Swim + ing Note + able Happy + ness Day + ly Marry + age Arrange + ment Sincere + ly Peace + ful Great + ness

judge + ment Drag + ing Hot + est Conflict + ed Affection + ate Tardy + ness Tie + ed Probe + ing Resource + ful Lonely + ness Carry + ing Aware + ness Expense + ive