Special ions

Some transition metals lose different numbers of electrons when they become ions, because they don’t have normal valence electrons

They can have different charges as cations, and must be written with roman numerals representing their charge

Examples:

Ti3+= Titanium III Fe2+= Iron II

W6+= Tungsten VI Mo5+= Molybdenum V

Cu+=Copper I V4+=Vanadium IV

Name Formula

Yttrium (III) nitride

copper (I) bromide

Gold (I) phosphide

Chromium(II) fluoride

YN

CuBr

Au3P

CrF2

Name these 2 compounds:CoSa.Figure out which ions

form the compound because the ion charge could be important.

Since S forms S2-, Co must be Co2+

b. Name the ions, cation first, then anion

c. Change ending to –ide if it’s a pure element.

cobalt (II)sulfide

d. Transition metals always get a roman numeral to indicate their charge!

Na2SO4

sodium sulfate <-correctCommon mistakes:sodium(II)sulfatesodium(I)sulfatesodium sulfide

Formula NameNa2O

CuS

LiBr

CuCl

Sodium Oxide

Copper (II) Sulfide

Lithium Bromide

Copper (I) Chloride

Name Formula

Ammonium Phosphate

Iron (II) Nitrate

Sodium Sulfate

Silver Acetate

(NH4)3PO4

Fe(NO3)2

Na2SO4

AgC2H3O2

Formula NameFe(OH)3

Mg(NO3)2

NiCO3

Cd(HCO3)2

Iron (III) Hydroxide

Magnesium Nitrate

Nickel (II) Carbonate

Cadmium (II) bicarbonate

Lattice Energy, Solubility, etc

• Transition metal cations work the same as regular metal cations in crystal lattices, lattice energy, and solubility

• Ex: VS has lower lattice energy than VS2

– the charges in VS are 2+ and 2- while the charges in VS2 are 4+ and 2-

– Therefore VS is more soluble than VS2