SPECIAL EDUCATION 101SPECIAL EDUCATION 101What Do What Do YOUYOU Need to Know? Need to Know?

Presented by:Presented by:

MaryLou Heron & Kristen StrongMaryLou Heron & Kristen StrongTraining and Consultation StaffTraining and Consultation Staff

What do What do YOUYOU know about know about Special Education? Special Education?

What do you What do you NEEDNEED to know? to know?

SPECIAL EDUCATIONSPECIAL EDUCATION

Critical EventsCritical Events

The ProcessThe Process

Specially Designed Specially Designed

InstructionInstruction

Critical Events In HistoryCritical Events In History (1954) Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Brown v. Board of Education

Right To Education CasesRight To Education Cases(1972) PARC v. PA (1972) PARC v. PA (1972) Mills v. Board of Education(1972) Mills v. Board of Education

(1975) Education for All Handicapped (1975) Education for All Handicapped

Children ActChildren Act

(1982) Board of Education v. Rowley (1982) Board of Education v. Rowley

(1990) IDEA (1990) IDEA

(1993) Oberti v. Board of Education(1993) Oberti v. Board of Education

Most Recent Critical EventsMost Recent Critical Events (1997) IDEA Amendments (1997) IDEA Amendments National Reading Panel (2000)National Reading Panel (2000)Learning Disabilities Summit (2001)Learning Disabilities Summit (2001)(2001) NCLB(2001) NCLB(2001) President’s Commission on(2001) President’s Commission on

Special Ed Special Ed (2004) IDEIA / PA Chapter 14(2004) IDEIA / PA Chapter 14(2005) Gaskin v. PA (2005) Gaskin v. PA

Class Action Law SuitClass Action Law Suit

Six Principles of IDEASix Principles of IDEA Principle of IDEA Requirement

Zero Reject Zero Reject Locate, identify, & provide services to all eligible students with disabilities.

Protection in Evaluation Protection in Evaluation Conduct an assessment to determine if a student has an IDEA related disability and if he/she needs special education services.

(FAPE) Free Appropriate (FAPE) Free Appropriate

Public EducationPublic Education

Develop & deliver an individualized education program of special education services that confers meaningful educational benefit.

(LRE) Least Restrictive (LRE) Least Restrictive

Environment Environment

Educate students with disabilities with nondisabled students to the maximum extent appropriate.

Procedural SafeguardsProcedural Safeguards Comply with procedural requirements of the IDEA.

Parental Participation Parental Participation Collaborate with parents in the development and delivery of their child’s special education program.

What Does IDEA (2004) What Does IDEA (2004) Say About Discipline?Say About Discipline?

IEP Team must reconvene to conduct a IEP Team must reconvene to conduct a Manifestation Determination when Manifestation Determination when students are removed for disciplinary students are removed for disciplinary reasons for:reasons for:

More the 10 consecutive school daysMore the 10 consecutive school days

More than 15 cumulative school daysMore than 15 cumulative school days

Any removal of students with MRAny removal of students with MR

The Process of The Process of SPECIAL EDUCATION:SPECIAL EDUCATION:

Pre-ReferralPre-Referral

ReferralReferral

EvaluationEvaluation

IEP Development IEP Development & Implementation & Implementation

Reevaluation Reevaluation

Evaluation Evaluation Pre-Referral / Referral Pre-Referral / Referral

Testing & Observational dataTesting & Observational data

Evaluation team determines eligibilityEvaluation team determines eligibility The student must: The student must:

1.Fit into a Disability Category1.Fit into a Disability Category

2.Need Specially Designed Instruction(SDI)2.Need Specially Designed Instruction(SDI)

Evaluation Report (ER)Evaluation Report (ER) Timeline: Completed within 60 calendar days from Timeline: Completed within 60 calendar days from

permission signed by parent permission signed by parent

Disability Categories Disability Categories for Eligibilityfor Eligibility

AutismAutismDeaf-BlindnessDeaf-BlindnessDevelopmental DelayDevelopmental Delay(for ages 3 through 9) (for ages 3 through 9) Emotional Emotional DisturbanceDisturbanceHearing Impairment / Hearing Impairment / DeafnessDeafnessIntellectual Disability Intellectual Disability Multiple DisabilitiesMultiple Disabilities

Traumatic Brain InjuryTraumatic Brain InjuryOrthopedic ImpairmentOrthopedic ImpairmentOther Health Other Health ImpairmentImpairmentSpecific Learning Specific Learning DisabilityDisabilitySpeech or Language Speech or Language ImpairmentImpairmentVisual Impairment/ Visual Impairment/ BlindnessBlindness

Individualized Education Program (IEP) Individualized Education Program (IEP) IEP Team IEP Team

Special Education TeacherSpecial Education TeacherRegular Education TeacherRegular Education TeacherRelated Service ProvidersRelated Service ProvidersParentsParentsLEA – Administrator LEA – Administrator Student (if appropriate) Student (if appropriate)

IEP Document IEP Document The What, Where, and How The What, Where, and How

of the student’s educational program of the student’s educational program TimelineTimeline

Developed within 30 calendar days from ERDeveloped within 30 calendar days from ERImplemented within 10 school days of IEP meetingImplemented within 10 school days of IEP meetingReviewed at least annually Reviewed at least annually

IEP: IEP: Progress MonitoringProgress Monitoring

Data is gathered throughout the year to: Data is gathered throughout the year to: See if students are See if students are on the right trackon the right track

toward meeting their goalstoward meeting their goals Adjust instruction Adjust instruction Make revisions to the IEP (if necessary) Make revisions to the IEP (if necessary) Make planning decisions at the annual Make planning decisions at the annual

IEP review and for Reevaluation timeIEP review and for Reevaluation time Report to parentsReport to parents

ReevaluationReevaluation

The IEP team:The IEP team: Evaluates progress Evaluates progress

monitoring and assessment monitoring and assessment data on studentdata on student

Determines if additional Determines if additional information is needed information is needed

Compiles Reevaluation Compiles Reevaluation Report (RR) to confirm Report (RR) to confirm student’s continued eligibility student’s continued eligibility in special education in special education

What Are Your Responsibilities?What Are Your Responsibilities?

Know your District’s Know your District’s procedures and procedures and expectationsexpectations

Collect and present data Collect and present data regarding the student’s regarding the student’s progress in the general progress in the general education curriculumeducation curriculum

Implementation of the IEP Implementation of the IEP

IEP ImplementationIEP Implementation

Specially Designed Instruction (SDI)Specially Designed Instruction (SDI)

Refers to the teaching strategies and Refers to the teaching strategies and methods used by teachers to instruct methods used by teachers to instruct students with disabilities students with disabilities

Accommodations:Accommodations: Changes in HOW students Changes in HOW students access information and demonstrate learning access information and demonstrate learning

Modifications: Modifications: Change in WHAT students Change in WHAT students are expected to learn are expected to learn

Specially Designed InstructionSpecially Designed Instruction

Assessment Assessment Equipment /Equipment / Assistive Assistive

TechnologyTechnology

MaterialsMaterials Time Time Management Management

Instruction Instruction Classroom Classroom EnvironmentEnvironment

Maximizing Maximizing Student Student

AchievementAchievement

Questions or Concerns?Questions or Concerns?

Some people see a closed door Some people see a closed door and turn awayand turn away

Others see a closed door, try the knob, Others see a closed door, try the knob, if it doesn’t open they find the key,if it doesn’t open they find the key,

if the key doesn’t fit…if the key doesn’t fit…they turn away. they turn away.

A rare few see a closed door, try the knob,A rare few see a closed door, try the knob,if it doesn’t open, they find a key,if it doesn’t open, they find a key,

if the key doesn’t fit…if the key doesn’t fit…they make one. they make one.

SPECIAL EDUCATION: SPECIAL EDUCATION: ACCESS FOR ALL STUDENTSACCESS FOR ALL STUDENTS