Specac Catalogue 2012

brilliant spectroscopy™

product catalogue

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Specac2012CatalogueFinalPaginated 22/02/2012 21:45 Page 1


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Contents

ContentsINTRODUCTION........................................................

PRODUCT SELECTOR...........................................

INFRARED TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY.....

TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY INTRODUCTION..

THE OMNI-CELL™ SYSTEM......................................

WINDOW POLISHING KIT..........................................

VARIABLE PATHLENGTH CELL................................

SAMPLE CELL HOLDERS INTRODUCTION...............

LIQUID SAMPLING CELLS........................................

FLOW CELLS FOR VARIABLE TEMP CELL

& HEATINGS JACKETS.............................................

FLOW CELLS FOR HEATING JACKETS....................

HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CELL.................................

SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL CELL.......................

THE VARIABLE TEMPERATURE CELL HOLDER.......

ELECTRICAL HEATING JACKET...............................

WATER HEATING JACKET.......................................

OIL IN WATER ANALYSIS KIT...................................

DC-2 DIAMOND COMPRESSION CELL....................

MICROFOCUS BEAM CONDENSER.........................

MICRO COMPRESSION CELL..................................

STORM™ 10cm GAS CELLS.....................................

STORM™ 10cm HEATED GAS CELL.........................

CYCLONE™ GAS CELLS..........................................

TORNADO™ GAS CELLS.........................................

HIGH TEMP / HIGH PRESSURE CELL

FOR EXTREME CONDITION ANALYSIS....................

POLARIZERS INTRODUCTION.................................

FTIR INFRARED POLARIZERS..................................

STANDARD INFRARED POLARIZERS.......................

HER INFRARED POLARIZERS..................................

IMAGE QUALITY INFRARED POLARIZERS...............

OPTO-PHYSICS POLARIZERS..................................

ROTATABLE POLARIZER MOUNTS..........................

INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY....

INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY

INTRODUCTION.......................................................

GOLDEN GATE™ DIAMOND ATR.............................

GOLDEN GATE™ TOP PLATE OPTIONS...................

SILVER GATE™ EVOLUTION ATR.............................

GATEWAY™ ATR SYSTEM.......................................

GATEWAY™ TOP PLATE OPTIONS..........................

25 REFLECTION ATR...............................................

THE SELECTOR™....................................................

ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBER FOR SELECTOR™.....

MINIDIFF™ PLUS......................................................

MONOLAYER GRAZING ANGLE...............................

SPECULAR REFLECTANCE ACCESSORY 30˚...........

ACCESSORIES FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION....

ACCESSORIES FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION

INTRODUCTION.......................................................

PRESS CHOICE INTRODUCTION.............................

ATLAS™ 15T & 25T MANUAL HYDRAULIC PRESS...

ATLAS™ LOW TONNAGE CONVERSION KIT............

ATLAS™ POWER PRESSES......................................

ATLAS™ AUTO HYDRAULIC PRESSES......................

MINI-PELLET PRESS................................................

BASIC SOLID PACK..................................................

ATLAS™ EVACUABLE PELLET DIES.........................

ATLAS™ LIGHTWEIGHT DIES...................................

SPECADIE™.............................................................

VACUUM PUMP SYSTEM.........................................

ATLAS™ HEATED PLATENS.....................................

ATLAS™ FILM-MAKERS...........................................

MINI-FILM MAKER KIT.............................................

SPECACARDS & MAGNETIC FILM HOLDER............

SPECAMILL™...........................................................

SPECACABINET™....................................................

THERMOSTATIC BATH.............................................

FT-IR STARTER KITS...............................................

SPECAC PROCESS CAPABILITIES....................

PROCESS CAPABILITIES INTRODUCTION..............

PROCELL™ CASCADE............................................

PROCELL™ VORTEX...............................................

PROCELL™ TYPHOON...........................................

SPECTROSCOPIST’S HINTS & TIPS..................

INDEX......................................................................

A - Z OF IR..............................................................

OPTICAL MATERIALS FOR SPECTROSCOPY...

CONTACT US.........................................................

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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Introduction


Specac manufactures high quality IR & FTIR productsengineered to meet your needs and built to last.

Whatever your application - you can be sure that wealready have the ideal sampling solution.

Welcome to the Specac Catalogue 2012 which

includes all of the additions we have made over

the last year.

At Specac we pride ourselves on offering high

specification, high quality accessories into the IR

and FTIR market and we hope that you will

continue to see the benefit of using Specac

products for your sampling applications.

We are striving to improve our customer service

and responsiveness to the market. For the latest

news on promotions and new products please

visit our website at www.specac.com.

If you would like to comment on this catalogue or

any other customer service issues please email

us at [email protected]

Our next catalogue will be published January 2013.

Satisfying our customers’ expectations

Specac delivers quality products engineered to

meet your needs. Our accessories are easy-

to-use and built to last. From thin plastic film

preparation accessories used for routine quality

checks, to sophisticated, fibre-optic-coupled,

remote sampling systems for reaction monitoring,

Specac has the experience to provide the ideal

sampling solution. Even if your application is not

standard, you can draw upon the resources of

our optical and mechanical engineering experts,

as well as our specialist team of spectroscopists

to satisfy your sampling requirements.

Our service to you doesn’t stop there. We back

our products with technical support and expertise.

Whether you need advice in determining the best

accessory for your application, or assistance with

alignment or operation, a network of customer

support representatives is on hand worldwide.

Last, but not least, is cost. Specac continually

seeks to improve the quality of its products and

services, and to maintain competitive prices,

through cost engineering and investment in the

latest technology. Cost effectiveness and durability

are built into every product.

If you are involved with FTIR analysis Specac can

deliver quality accessories, giving you genuine

value for money. Join our many loyal and satisfied

customers who choose Specac to deliver.

David Smith, Managing Director

4


Electric power is required for

this accessory

Cooling water required for

this accessory (Thermocirculator

pump with 5 litre bath

P/N GS11127 can be offered)

Cooling water required for

this accessory (Thermocirculator



Water heating required for this

accessory (Thermocirculator



Vacuum Pump kit required for

this accessory

Gases are used with

this accessory

Essential spares kit is offered

with this accessory

Communications option on the

4000 Series Controller is available

with this accessory

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New products for 2012Specac is committed to extending and enhancing its range of products

and in this latest edition of our catalogue we’ve added the following products...

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | New Products / Catalogue Key

5

Key to catalogue symbol usageThe symbols below indicate the service requirements for Specac accessories

Mini-Pellet Press (p.83)

The Specac Mini-Pellet Press is an innovativeentry level solution for the pressing of 7mm KBrpellets. Designed for use on a laboratory benchtop, this dedicated KBr pellet press enables theuser to create consistently high quality KBrpellets for transmission FTIR analysis.

Mini-Film Maker Kit (p.94)

The Specac Mini-Film Maker is designed toproduce high-quality thin films of polymer andplastic materials for infrared analysis. This product enables quick and easy hot pressing ofpellets and other sample forms from ambient to250°C, to give constant and reproducible thickness films over the range 50 to 500 micronswith a formed diameter of 15mm.

FTIR Starter Kits (p.100)

Specac has developed a versatile range ofStarter Kits based around our core accessories.

Each Starter Kit is the result of combiningmodular application packs to form a kit thatmeets the specific needs of the user.

Envirochamber Golden Gate™ ATR (p.60)

The Envirochamber Golden Gate™ has beenspecifically designed for analysing samples in asealed or controlled enviroment. The sample areais sealed within a chamber allowing samples tobe positioned on the Golden Gate™ top-plate, ina safe environment such as a fume cupboard orglovebox. The sealed unit can then be safelytaken back to the spectrometer for analysis.

Silicon Crystal Plate for Silver Gate™ (p.64)

In addition to the existing Zinc Selinide(ZnSe) andGermanium(Ge) crystal plates Specac is introducinga Silicon (Si) crystal plate for the Silver GateEvolution™. The Si crystal plate allows the Silver GateEvolution™ to operate into the FIR region (30cm-1).

ELECTRIC

W

WATER 5 ltr

W

WATER 12 ltr

W

WATER 5 ltr

V

VACUUM

GAS

ESK

COMMS

NEW


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Specac Product SelectorFor any virtually any sample type, there is a Specac accessory for either the transmission

or reflection technique. This table will help you identify the best accessory for your sampling

application and shows which accessories can be used for various sample types under

various conditions.

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Product Selector

6


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Product Selector

7

Additional accessory options where indicatedGolden Gate™Advanced Applications GS10642 High Temperature Golden Gate™GS10507 Reaction Cell Top PlateGS10514 Specular ReflectanceGS10566 Germanium Top PlateGS10585 Super Critical Top PlateGS10590 Low TempTemperature Top PlateGS10652 Envirochamber

GS10662 Heated Envirochamber (200°C)GS10662 Envirochamber heated (300°C)Selector™ Environmental chamber

GS19930Liquid Cells Variable Temperature Cell Holder

GS21525, GS21530Electrical Heating Jacket GS20730

Cyclone Cyclone™ Cell Heating Jacket GS24302/05/10


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Notes

8


infraredtransmissionspectroscopy

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10

Transmission Spectroscopy IntroductionTransmission spectroscopy is the oldest and simplest technique for analyzing samples in

the infrared.

Transmission Spectroscopy

Transmission spectroscopy is the oldest andsimplest technique for analyzing samples in theinfrared.

This method of analysis is based upon theabsorption of the infrared beam by a sample atspecific wavelengths. Different compounds eachdisplay a unique infrared spectrum allowing themto be identified.

The extent of absorption ‘A’ is defined by theBeer-Lambert Law: A=abc where ‘A’ is theabsorptivity coefficient, ‘b’ is the pathlength, and‘c’ is the concentration. This law enablesscientists to use infrared data to determinequantitative information.

Small amounts of sample can be analyzed byusing an appropriate microsample holder inconjunction with a beam condenser.

Liquids

In transmission spectroscopy, liquids areanalyzed as a thin film sandwiched between twowindows in a liquid cell. The type of cell, choice ofwindow material, and pathlength is determinedby the sample. Samples can be analyzed neat, ordiluted with an appropriate solvent. In order toperform quantitative analysis, the sample shouldbe analyzed in a cell with a known pathlength.A guide to pathlength selection for differentconcentrations in the mid infrared is shownbelow.

Solids

A variety of methods exist for analyzing solidsamples by transmission spectroscopy. Thinpolymer films can be analyzed directly by using afilm holder.

Transmission spectra of solids can also beobtained by grinding the sample together with aninfrared transparent matrix, such as KBr, andpressing the resulting powder into a thin disk. Another method of analyzing solids is to make amull by combining the sample with a liquidparaffin, such as Nujol, and placing it betweentwo infrared transparent windows.

A diamond compression cell is available fortransmission studies of single fibres and othermicro samples.

Gases

Gases have densities several orders ofmagnitude lower than liquids and solids atstandard temperature and pressure.

Therefore, transmission spectroscopy of gasesrequires cells with a longer pathlength than thoseused for liquid or solid analyses, usually 10 cm orlonger.

Low concentrations of gases require a pathlength of several meters. This is achieved ina short space by using a multi-pass cell, wherethe infrared beam is bounced through the sampleseveral times in order to obtain the desired pathlength.

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Transmission Spectroscopy Introduction

> 10 %

10 % – 1 %

1 % – 0.1 %

< 0.1 %

AnalyticalConcentration

0.05 mm

0.1 mm

0.2 mm

> 0.5 mm

TypicalPathlength


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Omni Cell ™System

11

Omni Cell™ SystemA Universal Transmission Cell for the analysis of liquids and mulls in FTIR or

Dispersive Spectroscopy

Omni Cell™ System

The Omni Cell™ System is a low cost novel approach to the analysis of liquid samples intransmission spectroscopy - one cell is suitablefor all applications.

The cells are compatible with all FTIR Spectrometers as well as older dispersive systems and can easily be configured for use asdemountable liquid cells, permanently sealed liquid cells or as mull cells.

Transmission is a well established technique foranalyzing samples in the infrared. The choice ofwindow material, pathlength and window configuration are determined by the sample andwavelength range of interest. Samples can beanalyzed neat or diluted with an appropriatesolvent. For quantitative analysis, the sample isoften analyzed in a cell with a known pathlength.A guide to the selection of the correct pathlengthfor various concentrations is given below:

Solid samples can be analyzed using the mulltechnique. The solid is combined with a mullingagent such as Nujol or Fluorolube to form a mullwhich is analyzed between circular windows.

All cells are shipped as a kit of parts and requireassembly by the user.

• Quick to assemble and change windows• Windows and Spacers compatible with older Specac cells• FTIR and Dispersive compatibility• Quick release clamping mechanism• Low cost and reliable• Wide choice of window materials

Demountable Cells• General Purpose• All liquids• Quantitative analysisSealed Cells• Volatile liquids• Quantitative applications• Low viscosity liquidsMull Cells• High viscosity liquids• Gels and pastes• Oils and greases• Solids suspended as mulls

Liquid Omni Cell™ Volumes(Rectangular windows - top drilled, bottom undrilled)

Mylar spacer 0.006 mm thick - 2.00 microliters

Mylar spacer 0.012 mm thick - 4.00 microliters

Mylar or lead spacer 0.025 mm thick - 8.25 microliters

PTFE or lead spacer 0.05 mm thick - 16.50 microliters





N.B. Please note that the figures produced are for anapproximate volume of liquid contained between thewindow faces only. It does not include any extraamount of liquid that may be contained in the fillingport sections of either type of liquid cell.

Key Features

Applications

> 10 %

10 % – 1 %

1 % – 0.1 %

< 0.1 %


0.05 mm

0.1 mm

0.2 mm

> 0.5 mm

TypicalPathlength


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Omni Cell™System

12

Omni Cell™System

Demountable Cell

This is a general-purpose cell for all liquids. It hasthe advantage of being easy to dismantle forcleaning, and for changing windows and spacers.

Applications

• General purpose

• All liquids

• Quantitative analysis

Sealed Cell

The window pair and spacer are amalgamated asan assembly. The advantages of this cell are aconstant pathlength for quantitative analysis andsuitability for use with volatile liquids.

Applications

• Volatile liquids

• Quantitative applications

• Low viscosity liquids

Mull Cell

The Mull Cell does not use the standard liquid filling ports. The sample is placed directly ontoone of the circular windows and the other window is then placed on top. The advantage isthat very viscous liquids, gels and pastes caneasily be analyzed.

Applications

• High viscosity liquids

• Gels and pastes

• Oils and greases

• Solids suspended as mulls

Ordering informationOrdering an Omni Cell™ is easy - just order theUniversal Omni Cell™ Body, and buy the windowsand spacers to suit your application.

Universal Omni-Cell BodyGS01800 The Omni Cell™ Body.

Includes front and back plates, cell nest, 4 quick release nuts, bonded front PTFE gasket, rear neoprene gasket and 2 PTFE Luer plugs.


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Omni Cell™System Ordering Information

13

Demountable Liquid Omni Cell Window Pairs(Rectangular) 41mm x 23mmGS01810 NaCl Liquid Omni WindowsGS01811 KBr Liquid Omni WindowsGS01812 CaF2 Liquid Omni WindowsGS01813 BaF2 Liquid Omni WindowsGS01814* ZnSe Liquid Omni WindowsGS01815 KRS-5 Liquid Omni WindowsGS01816 CsI Liquid Omni WindowsGS01817 CsBr Liquid Omni WindowsGS01818* Silica (IR) Liquid Omni WindowsGS01819* AgBr Liquid Omni WindowsGS01820* Silicon Liquid Omni WindowsGS01821* Polythene Liquid Omni Windows

Liquid Omni Cell Spacers (Rectangular)GS01850 0.05mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01851 0.10mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01852 0.20mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01853 0.50mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01854 1.00mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01855 0.025mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01856 0.05mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01857 0.10mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01858 0.20mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01859 0.50mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01860 1.00mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01861 0.006mm Mylar Spacers (5)GS01862 0.012mm Mylar Spacers (5)GS01863 0.025mm Mylar Spacers (5)GS01864 Assorted PTFE Spacers (10)

2 of each thickness supplied

Mull Omni Cell Window Pairs(Circular) 25mm DiaGS01830 NaCl Mull OmniwindowsGS01831 KBr Mull Omni WindowsGS01832 CaF2 Mull Omni WindowsGS01833 BaF2 Mull Omni WindowsGS01834* ZnSe Mull Omni WindowsGS01835 KRS-5 Mull Omni WindowsGS01836 CsI Mull Omni WindowsGS01837 CsBr Mull Omni WindowsGS01838* Silica (IR) Mull Omni WindowsGS01839* AgBr Mull Omni WindowsGS01840* Silicon Mull Omni WindowsGS01841* Polythene Mull Omni Windows

Mull Omni Cell Spacers (Circular)GS01870 0.05mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01871 0.10mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01872 0.20mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01873 0.50mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01874 1.00mm PTFE Spacers (5)GS01875 0.025mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01876 0.05mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01877 0.10mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01878 0.20mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01879 0.50mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01880 1.00mm Lead Spacers (5)GS01881 0.006mm Mylar Spacers (5)GS01882 0.012mm Mylar Spacers (5)GS01883 0.025mm Mylar Spacers (5)

* These windows require additional spacerP/N GS01893

SparesGS01110 Luer Syringe (2ml)GS01890 Rear Neoprene Gaskets (2)GS01891 Quick Release Nuts (4)GS01892 Luer Plugs for Omni-Cell (2)GS01893 Spacer for thin windows (1)

GS03620 Bottle of Nujol (25ml)GS03621 Bottle of Fluorolube (25ml)

All windows are 4mm thick except ZnSe, Silica(IR), AgBr and Si, which are 2mm and Polythene,which are 3mm thick. These windows require theadditional spacer for thin windows P/N GS01893

Ordering information

Permanently Sealed Omni Cell Window Units(Rectangular with Lead Spacer)

These Sealed Cell Assemblies are used in theOmni-Cell Body P/N GS01800

Material 0.025 mm 0.05mm 0.10mm 0.20mm 0.50mm 1.00mmNaCl GS01910 GS01920 GS01930 GS01940 GS01950 GS01960KBr GS01911 GS01921 GS01931 GS01941 GS01951 GS01961CaF2 GS01912 GS01922 GS01932 GS01942 GS01952 GS01962BaF2 GS01913 GS01923 GS01933 GS01943 GS01953 GS01963ZnSe* GS01914 GS01924 GS01934 GS01944 GS01954 GS01964KRS-5 GS01915 GS01925 GS01935 GS01945 GS01955 GS01965Csl GS01916 GS01926 GS01936 GS01946 GS01956 GS01966CsBr GS01917 GS01927 GS01937 GS01947 GS01957 GS01967

Silica (IR)* GS01918 GS01928 GS01938 GS01948 GS01958 GS01968


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Window Polishing Kit

14

Window Polishing KitKeep windows in top condition with the Specac Window Polishing Kit

Window Polishing Kit

This kit contains all the essential materials required to clean and repolish windows to a flatness within a few fringes. It is especially effective in use with window materials such asNaCl and KBr. Repolishing can be achieved efficiently and economically with a minimumdegree of skill.

Full instructions are included and all consumableparts are replaceable.

Ordering InformationWindow Polishing Kit

GS04000 Polishing Kit Complete

GS04010 Polishing Selvyt(self adhesive pads) (5)

GS04040 Polyethylene bottle (2)

GS04050 Cleaning sponge (1)

GS04060 Bottle of polishing rouge(approx 75g net)

GS04080 Plain Selvyt strips (2)(non adhesive)

GS04090 Lapping paper (5)

GS04095 Brushes (2)

• Polishing Selvyt

• Polyethylene bottle

• Cleaning sponge

• Bottle of polishing rouge

• Plain Selvyt strips

• Lapping paper

• Brushes

Kit Includes


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Variable Pathlength Cell

15

Variable Pathlength CellCells that allow adjustment of sample pathlength in situ

Variable Pathlength Liquid Cell

The Variable Pathlength Cells P/N GS07500Series allow for liquids to be studied over a rangeof pathlengths obtainable from one cell.

The pathlength range is adjustable from0.040mm to 6.000mm in increments of 0.005mmby anticlockwise rotation of an outer sleeve capassembly about the cell body that separates thewindows of the cell. Micrometer and vernierscales are marked on the cell body for accuratepathlength setting and readability.

The windows of the cell do not rotate in relationto the movement of the outer sleeve cap assembly with the cell body and hence remainparallel to each other throughout the pathlengthrange. Choice of window materials allows for thestudy of many liquid sample types and there is astandard 3” x 2” mount fixing, such that the cellcan be used in a very wide range of spectrometer systems.

Ordering InformationVariable Pathlength Liquid Cell

GS07500 Variable Pathlength Cell with NaCl windows

GS07501 Variable Pathlength Cell with KBr windows

GS07502 Variable Pathlength Cell with CaF2 windows

GS07503 Variable Pathlength Cell with BaF2 windows

GS07509 Variable Pathlength Cell with ZnSe windows

Replacement Windows for 7500 SeriesGS07020 Set of NaCl windowsGS07021 Set of KBr windowsGS07022 Set of CaF2 windowsGS07023 Set of BaF2 windowsGS07024 Set of CSi windowsGS07025 Set of CsBr windowsGS07026 Set of KRS-5 windowsGS07027 Set of Fused Silica (IR)GS07028 Set of AgBr WindowsGS07095 Set of Polyethylene windowsGS07096 Set of ZnSe windowsGS07097 Set of Silicon Windows

OptionsGS01110 Luer syringe (2ml)

GS07130 Neoprene gaskets for 7500 series (10)

GS07135 Luer plug and reservoir cap for 7500 series

GS07140 PTFE gaskets (0.1mm) for 7500 series (10)

GS07150 Spare Window Key

• Continuous adjustment of sample pathlength

• Micrometer and vernier scales for accurate pathlength setting and readability

• Standard 3” x 2” slide mounting

• Non-rotating windows

• Pathlength variation: 0.04-6mm

• Scale division: 5µm

• Volume at maximum pathlength: 6ml

• Liquid analysis without dilution

• Determination of absorption coefficient

Key Features

Applications


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Sample Cell Holders IntroductionLiquid and Solid Sample Cell Holders for Variable Temperature, Pressure and Flow Conditions

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Sample Cell Holders Introduction

Specac offers a range of transmission

accessories to allow a sample to be studied at

temperatures other than ambient. The Variable

Temperature Cell holder P/N GS21525 can be

used for the temperature range of –190°C to

250°C and the Electrical Heating Jacket P/N

GS20730 is used for temperatures from

ambient to 250°C. Specific sample cell holders

for liquids and solids are used within these

accessories. These are known as

GS20500/GS20510 Series liquid cells and

GS20600 and GS20610 solid cells. Liquid cells

are supplied with windows from a wide range of

materials, to suit for specific sample

applications. (A comprehensive list of IR

transmitting materials and their properties can be

found at the back of the Specac catalogue.)

All of the sample cells can also be operated at

ambient temperature and pressure when used

with the 3” x 2” mount sample holder P/N

GS20740. For experiments at high pressures,

High Pressure Heatable Liquid Flow Cells P/N

GS05910 series can be used in the Electrical

Heating Jacket and Variable Temperature Cell

holder. These cells are supplied with their own 3”

x 2” mounting plate for use in Spectrometers at

ambient temperature.

16

Solid Sampling CellsChoice of sample sizes from 12mm to 30mm diameter and 0.1mm to 8mm thick

Solid Sampling Cells

There are two types of solids holder, P/NGS20600 and P/N GS20610. P/N GS20600is used in the Electrical Heating Jacket P/NGS20730. The body has a fixed size aperture of10mm and hence solid samples can be analyzedfrom 12mm to 28mm dia. and up to 3mm thick.

P/N GS20610 is used in the VariableTemperature Cell Holder P/N GS21525. Thesolids holder consists of outer and inner cellthreaded bodies and three pairs of pressureplates.The varying aperture sizes of the pressureplates enable samples with a diameter of 12 - 17mm, 17 - 22mm and 22 - 30mm and thicknesses of a few microns to 8mm thick to be analyzed.

Both of the solids holders do not require anywindows for operation.

Ordering InformationSolids Holders

GS20600 Solids Holder for Heating Jackets P/N GS20730 and P/N GS20710

GS20610 Solids Holder for Variable Temperature Cell P/N GS21525

Ambient Temperature Holder

GS20740 3” x 2” mount holder for all sample cells

P/N GS20600 P/N GS20610


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Liquid Sampling CellsFor high sensitivity ATR measurements with FT-IR or dispersive instruments

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Liquid Sampling Cells

Liquid Sampling CellsThere are many combinations for liquid cells andthey can be provided as static sealed (P/NGS20500 series), static demountable (P/NGS20510 series), flow sealed (P/N’s GS20560and GS20570 series) and flow demountable(P/N’s GS20580 and GS20590 series)versions.

When you order a particular version you will receive the complete cell with windows of choiceand a spacer at pathlength of choice allassembled together. Sealed cells have a leadspacer and lead top gasket and all componentsare permanently amalgamated/sealed together.

Demountable cells have a PTFE spacer and PTFEtop gasket and as such allow for windows andspacer pathlengths to be interchangeable withinthese version cells. A threaded luer fitting,flushing tube, syringe needle, 2 PTFE washersand 3/32” Allen key are also included with thestatic version cells. The liquid is contained within thestatic version of liquid cells (sealed or demountable)by threaded stainless steel screw plugs.

The flow cells (GS20570 and GS20580 series)have an alternative front plate with permanentSwagelok connection fittings for 1/16” tubing. The threaded luer and flushing tube cannot beattached to the flow cell front plate.

The P/N’s GS20570 and GS20580 series flowcells are, however, only suitable for use in theElectrical Heating Jacket P/N GS20730. For a liquid flow cell to be accommodated in theVariable Temperature Cell holder P/N GS21525,a different type of front flow plate is used with astatic sealed GS20500 series cell.

These versions of flow cells for the VariableTemperature Cell are P/N GS20560 series cells.The flow front plate on these liquid cells has two1/16” stainless steel flow tubes welded to thesample inlet and outlet ports on the plate.The flow tubes are specifically shaped to allowfor a liquid flow cell to fit in the VariableTemperature Cell and be connected via Swagelokfittings to an external liquid supply.

Specac recommends use of a sealed cell withinthe Variable Temperature Cell holder to offer thebest sealing integrity to contain a liquid samplewhen in the local operating vacuum environment.

There are demountable flow cell equivalentversions of these sealed liquid flow cells thatcould be used in the Variable Temperature Cellholder. The flow front plate with stainless steeltubing and Swagelok fittings is attached to thedemountable liquid cells GS20510 series. Thesedemountable flow cells are GS20590 seriestype cells.

Either a sealed (GS20560 series) or demountable (GS20590 series) flow cell can beused in both the Variable Temperature CellHolder and Electrical Heating Jacket. It is important to note that the P/N’s GS20570 andGS20580 series flow cells cannot be used inthe Variable Temperature Cell.

Please note that in order to use the flow cells inthe Variable Temperature Cell holder the flow option GS20080 must be fitted.

• Choice of pathlength

• Sealed or demountable cells

• Variety of window materials

• Static or flow modes

• Luer fittings and stainless steel plugs

Key Features

17

P/N GS20500

Liquid GS20500 Series Volumes(Rectangular windows - top drilled, bottom undrilled)

Mylar spacer 0.006 mm thick - 1.60 microliters. Mylar spacer 0.012 mm thick - 3.25 microlitersMylar or lead spacer 0.025 mm thick - 6.80 microlitersPTFE or lead spacer 0.05 mm thick - 13.50 microlitersPTFE or lead spacer 0.10 mm thick - 27.00 microlitersPTFE or lead spacer 0.20 mm thick - 54.00 microlitersPTFE or lead spacer 0.50 mm thick - 135.00 microlitersPTFE or lead spacer 1.00 mm thick - 270.00 microliters

N.B. Please note that the figures produced are for anapproximate volume of liquid contained between thewindow faces only. It does not include any extraamount of liquid that may be contained in the fillingport sections of either type of liquid cell.


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Liquid Sampling Cells Ordering Information

18

Liquid Sampling Cells

Ordering informationLiquid CellsGS20500* NaCl Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell

(Specify pathlength, from 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2,0.5 and 1.0mm)

GS20501* KBr Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell


GS20502* CaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell


GS20503* BaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell


GS20508* ZnSe Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell


GS20510** NaCl Demountable Heatable Liquid Cell

(Specify pathlength, from 0.006, 0.012, 0.025,0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0mm)

GS20511** KBr Demountable HeatableLiquid Cell


GS20512** CaF2 Demountable Heatable Liquid Cell.


GS20513** BaF2 Demountable HeatableLiquid Cell


GS20519** ZnSe Demountable HeatableLiquid Cell


* These cells include a complete cell with frontplate, top lead gasket, top window, lead spacer(choice of pathlength) and bottom window allsealed together

** Includes a complete cell with front plate, topPTFE gasket, top window, PTFE or Mylar spacer(choice of pathlengths) and bottom window thatcan be separated from each other

*** Please note that 0.006, 0.012 and 0.025mmspacers are only available in Mylar while all othersizes are in PTFE only

Windows for Liquid Cells

GS20520 Pair of NaCl windows

GS20521 Pair of KBr windows

GS20522 Pair of CaF2 windows

GS20523 Pair of BaF2 windows

GS20596 Pair of ZnSe windows

GS20598 Pair of Spec B (UV) windows

Spares and Consumables for Liquid Cells

GS20040 Front PTFE Gaskets (10)

GS20060 Rear PTFE Gaskets (10)

GS20050 PTFE and Mylar Spacers Assorted(2 each of 0.006, 0.012, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0mm)

GS20070 PTFE and Mylar Spacers (10) (select from 0.006, 0.012, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0mm)***

GS10030 Flushing Tube Kit

GS10040 Threaded Luer Fitting

GS10050 Syringe Needles (10)

GS10060 Stainless Steel Plugs (2)

GS10070 PTFE Sealing Washers (10)

Heatable Cell

GS20539 Heatable Liquid Static Cells ESK

Ambient Temperature Holder

GS20740 3” x 2” mount holder for all sample cells

P/N GS20740

ESK


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19

Flow Cells for Variable Temperature Cell Holder& Heating JacketsPlease note:- In order to use the flow cells in the Variable Temperature Cell holder (GS21525)the flow option kit GS20080 must be fitted.

Ordering informationFlow CellsGS20560* NaCl Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell

with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.

(Specify pathlength from 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2,0.5 and 1.0mm)

GS20561* KBr Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20562* CaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20563* BaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20566* ZnSe Sealed Heatable Liquid Cellswith 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


*Includes a complete cell with front flow plate, top lead gasket, top window, lead spacer andbottom window all sealed together

GS20590** NaCl Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes

(Specify pathlength from 0.006, 0.012, 0.025,0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0mm)

GS20591** KBr Demountable Heatable LiquidCells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20592** CaF2 Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20593** BaF2 Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20594** ZnSe Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


Heatable Flow Cell

GS20569 Heatable Liquid Flow Cell ESK

** Includes a complete cell with front flow plate,top PTFE gasket, top window, PTFE or Mylarspacer (choice of pathlengths) and bottomwindow that can be separated from each other

ESK

P/N GS20560/90


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20

Flow Cells for Heating Jackets P/N GS20710 and GS20730 Only

Ordering informationFlow CellsGS20570* NaCl Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell

with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20571* KBr Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20572* CaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20573* BaF2 Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


GS20576* ZnSe Sealed Heatable Liquid Cell with 1/1 6” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes.


*Includes a complete cell with front flow plate,top lead gasket, top window, lead spacer andbottom window all sealed together

GS20580** NaCl Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20581** KBr Demountable Heatable LiquidCells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20582** CaF2 Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20583** BaF2 Demountable HeatableLiquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


GS20586** ZnSe Demountable Heatable Liquid Cells with 1/16” Swagelok fittings for flow purposes


Heatable Flow Cell

GS20569 Heatable Liquid Flow Cells ESK

** Includes a complete cell with front flow plate,top PTFE gasket, top window, PTFE or Mylarspacer (choice of pathlengths) and bottomwindow that can be separated from each other

ESK

P/N GS20570/80


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High Pressure Liquid Cell

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | High Pressure Liquid Cell

High Pressure Liquid Cell

Specac produce High Pressure Liquid Cells thatare capable of being operated to 5000psi withSapphire or Spectrosil B windows and 2000psiwith ZnSe windows. The pathlength of these cellscan be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 2mm,5mm or 10mm as standard. The windows arepermanently sealed in their window housing assemblies using Viton material O-rings and formost purposes the cells are rated to 180C temperature operation. The cells as standard areprovided with their own 3” x 2” mounting plate,which can be removed if the cell is placed into aheating accessory.

There are two 1/16” stainless steel flow tubesbrazed to the High Pressure Liquid Cell body tointroduce the fluid to the inner chamber of thecell. The cell can be filled for static operation orfor flow. There is no security valve or over-pressurization device fitted as standard tothe cell, but because the flow tubing is connected via Swagelok fittings, a safety devicecould be attached in line at this point to theSwagelok connections if required.

To be heated, the High Pressure Liquid Cell requires a heating device such as the ElectricalHeating Jacket and temperature controller(GS20730), or the Variable Temperature Cellholder and temperature controller (GS21525).Either heating accessory is designed to fit intothe sampling compartment of a spectrometer viathe standard 3" x 2" mounting plate, with the

High Pressure Liquid Cell fitting directly into the Electrical Heating Jacket or the cell holder part ofthe Variable Temperature Cell holder. As an additional mounting option, the Variable Temperature Cell Holder can also be installedinto a spectrometer via an appropriate Benchmark™ baseplate.

For a volume of fluid needed to fill the High Pressure Liquid Cell, the smallest pathlength cellat 0.1mm requires approximately 15 microliters offluid, whereas the 10mm pathlength cell requires15 milliliters. This is the approximate amount offluid that will be contained in the inner cellchamber at any time, irrespective of it beingoperated for static or flow conditions.

As standard the High Pressure Cells arefabricated in EN58 stainless steel but othermaterials are available on request.

Ordering InformationGS05910 High Pressure Short Pathlength

Cell 2000 p.s.i

(Specify pathlength from 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2mmand window material from ZnSe, Sapphire andSpec B)

GS05915 High Pressure Short Pathlength Cell 5000 p.s.i

(Specify pathlength from 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2mmand window material from Sapphire or Spec B)

GS05920 High Pressure Long Pathlength Cell 2000 p.s.i

(Specify pathlength from 5 and 10mm and window material from ZnSe, Sapphire and Spec B)

GS05925 High Pressure Long Pathlength Cell 5000 p.s.i

(Specify pathlength from 5 and 10mm and window material from Sapphire and Spec B)

21


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Spectroelectrochemical Transmission Cell

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Spectroelectrochemical Transmission Cell

Spectroelectrochemical Transmission Cell

Spectroelectrochemistry couples the techniquesof electrochemistry and spectroscopy. It involvesthe application of an electric field to a samplewhilst simultaneously recording spectroscopic absorption features, and has particular application for monitoring redox-coupled reactions to allow in-situ spectroscopic analysisof electro-generated intermediatesand/or products.

The Specac Spectroelectrochemical transmissioncell is an FTIR accessory encompassing a thin-layer optically-transparent electrode structure to facilitate electrochemicalspectro-scopic measurements.

The cell comprises two CaF2 windows separatedby a 100 or 200 micron sample layer, where goldgrid working and counter electrodes, and a silver reference electrode, are photolithographi-cally imprinted on the surface of the front windowin contact with the sample. Grid structures with aperiod of 5.5 lines/mm are available as standard.Perfluoroelastomer seals are used to ensure

chemical compatibility with a range of organicsolvents, and the demountable cell design allowsfor ease of cleaning. The cell is air-tight, has asmall sample volume (ca 0.3 – 0.6 ml), and canbe used in an evacuated environment.

Specac’s Spectroelectrochemical transmissioncell follows a modular design concept to fit with arange of Specac sample holders. In particular,the cell is compatible with Specac’s Standard CellHolder, Variable Temperature Cell Holder, Water-Heating/Cooling jacket, and Electrical Heatingjacket, to allow Spectroelectrochemical transmission measurements from – 50°C to 70°C.

Ordering InformationGS20900 Spectroelectrochemical

Transmission Cell

(Note: This cell includes both 100 micron and200 micron spacer options, and is shipped configured at 200 microns )

Cell Holders (one required)

GS20740 Sample Cell ambient temperature holder with 3"x 2" backplate mount

GS20710 Water Heating Jacket

GS20730 Electrically Heated Jacket + temperature controller*

GS21525 Variable Temperature Cell holder+ temperature controller**

(Notes: *specify country; **Includes NaCl windows(pair) for jacket; must specify country for controllerpower cables and spectrometer for baseplate)

Associated and replacement parts

GS20907 Pair of external perfluoroelastomer seals

GS20908 Pair of internal perfluoroelastomer seals

GS20909 Rear CaF2 window

GS20910 Front CaF2 window (with electrode)

GS20080 Variable Temperature Cell Holder flow fittings kit

GS20200 Variable Temperature Cell Holder spare thermocouple (T-type Copper/CopperNickel)

GS20802 Variable Temperature Cell Holder replacement CaF2windows(pair) for jacket

22

• Demountable cell design for ease of cleaning

• Modular design to fit a range of sample holders to facilitate operation from -50°C to 70°C

• Gold working and counterelectrodes imprinted on cell window

• Perfluoroelastomer seals to ensure compatibility with a range of solvents

• Calcium fluoride windows for UV and IR applications

• 100 and 200 micron optical pathlengths

Key Features & Benefits


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Variable Temperature Cell Holder

23

Variable Temperature Cell HolderFor the analysis of liquids or solids between -190ºC and 250ºC

Variable Temperature Cell Holder

The Variable Temperature Cell Holder P/NGS21525 is the ideal accessory to use for thetransmission study of liquid or solid samples atvarious temperatures ranging from -190ºC to250ºC.

The Variable Temperature Cell Holder consists ofa vacuum jacket with two window ports and a setof windows (NaCl as standard) which contains arefrigerant dewar/cell holder assembly. Liquid orsolid sample holders are inserted into the heatingblock part of the dewar/cell holder and theassembled cell is operated within a vacuumenvironment maintained by the outer jacket.

Using a combination of refrigerant and controlfrom the cell block heaters any temperature from-190ºC to 250ºC can be achieved. Choice ofwindow materials for both the jacket and samplecell holders allows for use of this accessory in theUV, visible and IR regions.

The Variable Temperature Cell Holder is suppliedwith a high stability controller with a factory fittedoption for control via RS232, RS485 or USB connectivity if ordered.

For certain applications such as Raman,Fluorescence and UV spectral measurementsSpecac offer a four window port version on thevacuum jacket as the Variable Temperature Cuvette Holder (GS21530), special quartz glasscuvettes are used to contain a liquidsample. The four window ports allow for collection of the scattered radiation from a cuvette cell at a 90 deg incident angle as well asat a 180 deg (standard tranmission) as measuredfrom the Variable Temperature Cell Holder(GS21525)

• Programmable controlled temperatures from -190ºC to 250ºC

• Dewar cooling system

• Heated Jacket windows to prevent condensation

• Flow mode option kit for liquids

• Solid sample gas exchange capability

• Benchmark Baseplate or 3” x 2” mounting options

• Analysis under extreme temperature conditions

• Absorption band study at low temperatures

• Polymerization studies

• Phase transition studies

• Reaction kinetics

• Polymorphism

• Catalysis

• Oxidation studies

Key Features

Applications

P/N GS21525 P/N GS21530


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Variable Temperature Cell Holder Ordering Information

24

Variable Temperature Cell HoldersFor the analysis of liquids or solids between -190ºC and 250ºC

Ordering InformationVariable Temperature Cell holders

GS21525 The Variable TemperatureCell holder

Includes: Refrigerant dewar/cell holder

2 window port vacuum jacketwith pair of NaCl windows(P/N GS 20800)

Fixed thermocouple(copper-constantan)

Low voltage supply cables

High Stability TemperatureController with factory fittedoption for control via RS232, RS485 or USB connectivityif ordered

This accessory also requires a liquid or solids sample holder(See pages 16 - 22)

Please specify spectrometer make and modelfor Baseplate version. For controller specify 220Vor 110V and country of usage

GS21530 4 Port Variable Temperature Cuvette holder

Includes: Refrigerant dewar/cellholder

4 window port vacuum jacket with2 pairs of Spectrosil-B quartz glass windows (P/N GS 20898)

Fixed thermocouple(copper-constantan)

Low voltage supply cables

High Stability TemperatureController with factory fittedoption for control via RS232, RS485 or USB connectivityif ordered

Please specify spectrometer make and modelfor Baseplate version. For controller specify 220Vor 110V and country of usage

Replacement Windows for Variable Temperature Cell (copper-constantan)






GS20898 Pair of Spec B (UV) windows

Spares for Variable Temperature Cell holder

GS20200 Monitoring Thermocouple (copper-constantan)

GS20201 System Control Thermocouple(copper-constantan)

GS20810 Replacement set of O-rings

GS21526 VT Cell Holder ESK

Options

GS28000 RS232 Connection kit

GS28001 USB Connection kit


ELECTRIC

VACUUM

COMMS

ESK


Ordering InformationGS20730 Electrical Heating Jacket

Includes: Low voltage heated jacket with water cooling system

NiCr/NiAl thermocouple

High Stability Temperature Controller factory fitted option for control via RS232, RS485 or USB connectivity if ordered.

This accessory also requires aliquid or solids sample holder(See pages 16 - 22)

Please specify 220V or 110V & country of usage Options




Electrical Heating Jacket

The Electrical Heating Jacket P/N GS20730, is used for the study of samples by transmissionspectroscopy over a temperature range fromambient to 250°C. It consists of a centralheatable chamber with a front cover plate.Liquid and solid sample cell holder types areplaced within the central chamber and held inplace by the cover plate. The whole assembly(Jacket plus sample cell holder) is installed into aspectrometer sample compartment via the 3” x 2” slide mounting plate.

Heating to the Jacket is provided by its owndedicated low voltage (30 Volts) temperaturecontrolling system, that is provided with theHeating Jacket as standard. A water coolingback plate incorporated into the 3” x 2” slidemounting plate of the Jacket acts to keep anyheat at the central chamber from spreading tothe mount area of the sample compartmentduring operation.

For the study of liquid samples, the liquid cells ofthe GS20500/20510 Series type (static andflow versions) are placed into the Electrical Heating Jackets central chamber. If solid samplesare to be analysed, then the specific solids holderP/N GS20600 is used within the Electrical Heating Jacket.The Electrical Heating Jacket is supplied with ahigh stability power controller with a factory fittedoption for control via RS232, RS485 or USBconnectivity if ordered.

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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Electrical Heating Jacket

25

Electrical Heating JacketFor liquid and solid sampling in transmission from ambient to 250ºC

• Programmable controlled temperatures up to 250ºC

• Static or flow sampling capabilities

• Fully CE Safety compliant

• Protective water cooling system

• Standard 3” x 2” slide mount

Key Features

ELECTRIC

W

WATER 5 ltr

W

COMMS


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Water Heating Jacket

26

Water Heating JacketFor liquid and solid sampling in transmission to 90ºC

Water Heating Jacket

The Water Heating Jacket is similar to the Electrical Heating Jacket, but it uses circulatingwater to heat the sample cell. A jacket aroundthe circular aperture is filled with a solution, forexample water, heated by a thermocirculatingsystem.

Temperature control of the sample holder is reliant upon this thermocirculating system.

The sample cell holders used with ElectricalHeating Jacket can also be used in this accessory.

Ordering InformationGS20710 The Water Heating Jacket

Includes, Water Heating Jacket on

a 3” x 2” mount

Requires, but does not include:

1. A liquid or solid sample holder

2. Thermocirculating system

VT CellGS21525

EHJ GS20730

WHJGS20710

AmbientGS20740

Liquid CellsGS20500 Sealed/Static • • • •

GS20510 Demountable/Static • • • •GS20560 VT Cell Sealed/Flow • • • •GS20570 EHJ Sealed/Flow • • •

GS20580 EHJ Demountable/Flow • • •GS20590 VT Cell Demountable/Flow • • • •

GS20900 SEC Cell • • • •Solids Holders

GS20600 • • •GS20610 • • •

High Pressure Liquid Cells

GS05910 • • •GS05915 • • •GS05920 • • •GS05925 • • •

Cell Series Type

Cell Holder/MountKey: • = compatible

WATER 5 ltr

V

20500/20510 Series Liquid Cells Solids Holders & High Pressure Liquid Cells and compatible Mount Holders


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Oil in Water Analysis Kit

27

Oil in Water Analysis KitFor the analysis of total recoverable oil and grease or petroleum hydrocarbons in water

Ordering InformationGS08900 Oil in Water Analysis Kit

Includes:

GS08901 Matched pair of 10mm pathlength rectangular infrared quartz cells

GS08902 Matched pair of 50mm pathlengthcylindrical infrared quartz cells

GS08903 Matched pair of 100mm pathlength cylindrical infraredquartz cells

GS08904 Slide mounted holder

Oil in Water Analysis Kit

The Oil In Water Analysis Kit enables the analysisof total recoverable oil and grease or petroleumhydrocarbons in water using a new method ofanalysis D7066-04 approved by the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). The existing standard EPA methods 413.2 and418.1 have been replaced as they called for useof Freon as the extraction solvent for the recovery of oil and grease within a water sample.Freon is now banned from usage as it is anOzone depleting chemical and harmful to the environment. The D7066-04 method is very similar to the EPA methods but the Freon solventis replaced by use of the dimer/trimer ofchlorotrifluoroethylene (C2ClF3). This solvent isknown commercially as S-316 available as an IRspectroscopy grade solvent.

The ASTM D7066-04 method can be purchasedfrom the American National Standards Institute(ANSI). Go to their website page www.webstore.ansi.org and search for themethod D7066-04. The method describes theprocedure for testing and lists the relevant equipment and chemicals needed. (Specac does not provide this equipment or chemicals.)

The Oil in Water Analysis Kit from Specac contains matched pairs of infrared grade quartzcells supplied in three different pathlengths of10mm, 50mm and 100mm. They are all stopperedto ensure retention of volatile materials in thesamples. The cells have large filling ports to ensure quick and efficient sample introductionand removal. Matching of the cells ensures precise, repeat measurements.

The cells are placed into the spectrometer via theparticular 3” x 2” mounting holder supplied.

• Matched transmission cell pairs

• Large aperture to avoid scattering of IR beam

• Stoppered

• Three different pathlengths: (10mm, 50mm, 100mm)

• Transmission range approximately 40,000cm-1 to 2,700cm-1

• Slide mounted holder

Key Features


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | DC-2 Diamond Compression Cell

28

Spares and Consumables

GS02508 Sample forcepsGS02509 Stainless steel sample needleGS02510 Sample preparation knife with

blades (10) and blade remover

DC-2 Diamond Compression Cell

The DC-2 diamond compression cell enablessamples to be compressed to an ideal thicknessfor transmission experiments. It uses two typeIIIa diamond windows, each mounted into aHastelloy plate. The clear aperture of 1.5 mm diameter provides excellent signal throughputwhen positioned at the beam focus of an FTIRspectrophotometer using an MCT detector. Foroptimum performance with a DTGS detector, theMicrofocus Beam Condenser P/N GS02560(with ZnSe lenses) or P/N GS02561 (with KRS-5lenses) is recommended to be used with the DC-2 in order to obtain high quality spectra.

The DC-2, because of its small size and shapecan also be used with Infrared Microscopes,where the large aperture allows for more thanone sample to be loaded and compressed atone time. Each individual sample could then beselectively moved into the light beam from the IRmicroscope, saving on the time needed to mountand prepare each sample between analyses.

Ordering InformationGS02550 DC-2 Diamond Compression CellOptionsGS02551* Diasqueeze Plus Kit with

ZnSe lensesGS02552* Diasqueeze Plus Kit with

KRS-5 lenses

Includes: DC-2 Diamond Compression CellMicrofocus Beam CondenserForcepsStainless steel sample needleSample preparation knifeBlades (10)Blade remover (2)

GS02560* Microfocus Beam Condenser withZnSe Lenses

GS02561* Microfocus Beam Condenser withKRS-5 Lenses

GS02570 KRS-5 lens kit for use withMicrofocus Beam Condenser

GS02571 ZnSe lens kit for use withMicrofocus Beam Condenser

*Please specify spectrometer make and model

• Type IIIa flat diamond windows

• Large clear aperture 1.5mm

• Hastelloy body construction (3” x 2” x 9/16”, 76.2 x 50.8 x 14.3mm)

• Universal use with FTIR microscopes and

• Microfocus Beam Condenser

• High working pressure, high throughput

Key Features

• Compression to optimum transmission thickness of polymers, rubbers and minerals

• Microanalysis of brittle, elastic semi-rigid fibres, particles and fragments

Applications

DC-2 Diamond Compression CellA Universal Diamond Compression Cell specially designed for FTIR microscopes and the

Specac Microfocus Beam Condenser


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Microfocus Beam Condenser

29

Microfocus Beam CondenserA rugged, high performance 4x Beam Condenser specially designed for use with the

DC-2 Diamond Compression Cell

Ordering InformationMicrofocus Beam Condenser

GS02560 Microfocus Beam Condenser ZnSe

Please specify spectrometer make and model

GS02561 Microfocus Beam Condenser KRS-5

Please specify spectrometer make and model

GS02570 Microfocus Beam Condenser KRS-5 Lens Kit

GS02571 Microfocus Beam Condenser ZnSe Lens Kit

GS02508 Sample forceps

GS02509 Stainless steel sample needle

GS02510 Sample preparation knife with blades (10) and blade remover

Microfocus Beam Condenser

The Microfocus Beam Condenser is a high performance 4x beam condenser speciallydesigned for use with the DC-2 DiamondCompression Cell (P/N GS02550). The simpletwo lens linear optical system ensures easyalignment and high throughput over a wideworking wavelength range. The Microfocus beamcondenser can be supplied with either ZnSelenses (P/N GS02560) or with KRS-5 lenses(P/N GS02561). (KRS-5 allows an extendedrange in the mid-infrared to circa 350 cm-1). Lens upgrade kits (P/N GS02570 KRS-5 lenskit, P/N GS02571 ZnSe lens kit) are availableshould you wish to change from one version tothe other.

The Microfocus Beam Condenser is opticallymatched for the DC-2 Diamond CompressionCell (P/N GS02550), which locates accuratelyand reproducibly in the beam condenser usingspring ball catches. The whole accessory combination (DC-2 in the Microfocus beam condenser) is mounted into a spectrometer sample compartment via a standard SpecacBenchmark™ baseplate. This allows for optimumstability in all FTIR spectrometers.


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Micro Compression Cell

30

Micro Compression Cell The Specac Micro Compression Cell is intended for soft solid or semi liquid sample analysis byFTIR transmission or infrared microscopy

Micro Compression Cell

The Specac Micro Compression Cell is intendedfor soft solid or semi liquid sample analysis byFTIR transmission or infrared microscopy. Thecell allows for samples to be compressed andflattened between two non-rotating transmissionwindows for analysis. It is supplied with a choiceof NaCl or KBr windows as standard, but CaF2,BaF2, and ZnSe windows are also available. Thecell is mounted to a standard spectrophotometer3” by 2” slide mount for ease of use in a broadrange of optical spectrometers.

With a clear aperture of 7.0 mm diameter, theSpecac Micro Compression Cell allows for agood signal when placed at the sampling focusof a standard FTIR spectrometer. Alternatively,the Micro Compression Cell can also be usedwith an infrared microscope, where the largeaperture allows for more than one sample to beloaded at one time.

Ordering InformationMicro Compression Cell

GS02520 Micro Compression Cell (With choice ofNaCl or KBr windows)

Micro Compression Cell Windows

GS09070 NaCl windows circular 13mm dia(pair)

GS09071 KBr windows circular 13mm dia(pair)

GS09072 CaF2 windows circular 13mm dia(pair)

GS09073 BaF2 windows circular 13mm dia(pair)

GS09076 ZnSe windows circular 13mm dia(pair)

• Uniform pressure applied across sample

• Non rotating windows

• 7.0 mm clear aperture

• Choice of window materials

• Standard 3” by 2” slide mount

Key Features


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Storm™ 10cm Gas CellDesigned for Routine Gas Analysis

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Storm™ 10cm Gas Cell

Ordering InformationStorm™ 10cm Gas Cells

GS05000 Series Storm™ 10cm Pyrex™

Gas Cell (specify windows)

GS05800 Series Storm™ 10cm Stainless Steel Gas Cell (specify windows)

Cell Mounts

GS05030 Cell Mount for Pyrex™ and Stainless Steel Storm™ Gas Cell

Storm™ 10cm Gas Cell

These gas cells are ideal for analyzing gases andvapors at room temperature and low pressures.Gases and gaseous mixtures can be examined instatic or flow modes.

The cells consist of threaded cylindrical vesselswith end caps, window seals and removable windows. The cell bodies are available in Pyrex™

and stainless steel.

Pyrex™ and PTFE taps and valves are used forthe Pyrex™ cells while stainless steel and Viton®

sealed valves are used for the stainless steelcells to introduce samples into these cells.

Replacement Windowsfor Pyrex™ and Stainless Steel Storm™ Gas Cells

GS05020 Pair of NaCl windowsGS05021 Pair of KBr windowsGS05022 Pair of CaF2 windowsGS05023 Pair of BaF2 windowsGS05096 Pair of ZnSe windows


GS05040 Complete seal kit for Pyrex™

Gas CellGS05803 Vacuum valve for Stainless Steel

Gas CellGS05804 Complete seal kit for Stainless

Steel Gas Cell

31

• Demountable for ease of cleaning and window replacement

• Choice of cell material: stainless steel or Pyrex™


• Window diameter: 47mm

• Clear aperture: 39mm

• Two ports for static or flow experiments

• Slide mounted cell holder

• Cell volume; 0.125 litres

Key Features

• Qualitative gas analysis

• Residual solvent vapour analysis

• Liquid head-space analysis

Applications

P/N GS05800 P/N GS05000 P/N GS05030

GAS


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Storm™ 10cm Heated Gas Cell

32

Storm™ 10cm Heated Gas Cell

The Storm™ 10cm Heated Gas Cell analyzesgaseous samples and vapours from ambienttemperature to 250°C.

The cell is an evacuable stainless steel chamberwith an injection septum sample introduction portand is heated by a low voltage (30v) heater surrounding the body.

The exact gas temperature can be measuredwith an additional monitoring thermocouple(supplied) which passes through a vacuumtight seal into the gas cavity. The cell is suppliedwith a High Stability Temperature Controller witha factory fitted option for control via RS232,RS485 or USB connectivity if ordered.

The cell can be converted to a flow mode via1/16” stainless steel flow tube in exchange at theinjection septum and additional monitoringthermocouple connection ports.

Ordering InformationStorm™ 10cm Heated Gas CellGS05670 Series Storm™ 10cm Heated

Gas Cell (specify windows)

Includes: High Stability Temperature Controller

Please specify 220V or 110V & country of usage

Options




Replacement Windows






Please note part No GS05121 are thicker KBr windows required for this cell.


GS05662 Stainless steel flow tubes (10)

GS05665 Injection Septa (10)

GS05667 Complete seal kit

• Stainless steel construction

• Stainless steel vacuum stopcock

• Chemically resistant window seals


• 10cm pathlength/38mm clear aperture

• Low voltage (30v) heater system for operator safety

• Programmable controlled temperature via optional RS232,RS485 or USB connection

• Slide mounting supplied

• Flow mode (optional)

• Window size 47mm diameter

• Clear aperture 39mm diameter

• Cell volume 0.125 litres

Key Features

• Gases and vapours at elevated temperatures

• Vapours generated by solids and liquids at elevated temperatures

• Decomposition studies

Applications

Storm™ 10cm Heated Gas CellAnalyze gaseous samples and vapors from room temperature to 250°C

ELECTRIC VACUUM GAS COMMS


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Cyclone™Gas Cells

33

Cyclone™ Gas CellsBased on the White cell principle of multiple lightpasses between an arrangement of reflectingmirrors, Cyclone™ gas cells are available in threesizes:

• Cyclone™ C2 - Fixed or variablepathlengths ranging from 0.5m to 2.5m

• Cyclone™ C5 - Fixed or variable pathlengths ranging from 1m to 8m

• Cyclone™ C10 - Fixed or variablepathlengths ranging from 2.1m to 10.6m

Cyclone™ series gas cells are suitable for operation in all modern FT-IR spectrometersusing the Specac Benchmark™ baseplate provided as standard.

Cells are available as standard with a borosilicateglass body for operation at ambient temperaturesand pressures ranging from vacuum to 15 p.s.i.Protected gold mirrors, internal and externalcomponents made from nickel-plated aluminiumand stainless steel, and Viton® ‘O’ rings are combined to ensure the highest chemicals compatibility and protection from leaks.

Vacuum/gas inlet and outlet taps, KBr windowsand a purgeable transfer optics box furtherenhance this already highly featured range.

Unsurpassed Upgradeability

Cyclone’s impressive list of optional featuresmeans that any analytical challenge can be met.Adjustable pathlength mirror carriages, and arange of fixed pathlength mirror carriages can beused within a single gas cell body to greatlyenhance analytical flexibility and reduce costs.

Nickel-plated aluminium bodies can be specifiedfor high pressure operation up to 125 p.s.i., andheating jackets/high stability temperaturecontrollers allow operation at temperatures up to 200°C.

CaF2 or ZnSe windows can be specified toreplace the KBr windows offered as standard.There is also an option to replace the standardViton seals with Kalrez O-rings for morechallenging chemical enviroments.

Purge bellows allow the transfer optics to beused under inert gas atmospheres (e.g. nitrogen)in applications where the elimination of atmospheric H2O and CO2 absorbancesis required.

Design Excellence

To ensure perfect operation and freedom fromunwanted impurities, a number of uniquefeatures have been incorporated into the designand manufacture of the Cyclone™ series. Cont’d

• Fixed pathlength• Borosilicate glass body• Ambient temperature operation• Vacuum to 15 p.s.i. operation• Gold mirrors (protected)• Viton® ‘O’ ring seals• KBr windows• Adhesive-free construction• Nickel-plated aluminium components• Vacuum / gas inlet & outlet taps• Purgeable transfer optics box• Benchmark™ series baseplate mounting• CE compliant

Standard Features

• Adjustable pathlength mirror carriage• Additional fixed pathlength mirror carriages (all models)• ZnSe or CaF2 windows• Nickel-plated aluminium body for high pressures operation (up to 125 p.s.i.)• Heating jacket / controller for high temperature operation (up to 200°C)• Pressure gauge kit• Desiccant storage caps• Purge bellows• Laser alignment accessory• Kalrez O-rings

Optional Features

Cyclone™Gas CellsHeatable Long Pathlength Gas Cells


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34

The cells are completely free from adhesives andall of the Viton® ‘O’ ring seals are carefully pre-baked to eliminate any contamination fromsolvents or out-gassing.

Internal screws have small bleed holes drilled intothem to prevent any trapped pockets of gascausing sample cross contamination.

CE Compliance

All Cyclone™ series heated gas cell systems areCE compliant ensuring that they can be operatedsafely at all times under the recommendedconditions.


• Pathlength: 0.5m - 2.5m (fixed or adjustable)• Pathlength steps: 0.5m• Volume: 0.19 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass (optional metal body)• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i. (optional 125 p.s.i.)• Temperature range: Ambient (optional heated systems available)• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr (optional ZnSe or CaF2)• Inlet/outlet fittings: Stainless steel taps ‘O’ rings: Viton®

• Internal components: Nickel-plated aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H384 W153 D120

Specifications

Cyclone™C2

• Pathlength: 1m - 8m (fixed or adjustable)• Pathlength steps: 1m• Volume: 1.33 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass (optional metal body)• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i. (optional 125 p.s.i.)• Temperature range: Ambient (optional heated systems available)• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr (optional ZnSe or CaF2) Inlet/outlet fittings: Stainless steel taps ‘O’ rings: Viton®

Internal components: Nickel-plated aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box

• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H536 W153 D130

Specifications

Cyclone™C5


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35


• Pathlength: 2.1m-10.6m (fixed or adjustable)• Pathlength steps: 1.06m• Volume: 2.61 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass (optional metal body)• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i. (optional 125 p.s.i.)• Temperature range: Ambient (optional heated systems available)• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr (optional ZnSe or CaF2) Inlet/outlet fittings: Stainless steel taps ‘O’ rings: Viton®

Internal components: Nickel-plated aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H540 W153 D146

Specifications

Cyclone™C10

Cyclone™Key Dimensions

Vacuum/GasInlet & Outlet

Taps

Objective Mirrors

Mirror Carriage

Windows

Optics Box

Purge PortsGlass or MetalBody

Cell A B C D E

C2 384 314 73 47 153

C5 536 466 114 87 153

C10 540 470 143 113 153

Cell BasePathlength

PathlengthRange Volume

C2 12.5cm 0.5m to 2.5m(in 0.5m steps) 0.19 litres

C5 25cm 1m to 8m(in 1m steps) 1.33 litres

C10 26.4cm 2.1m to 10.6m(in 1.06m steps) 2.60 litres

All dimensions in mm


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36

Optional Features

Cyclone™ series heatable long pathlength gascells have been designed with the serious analystin mind. These high performance, superior qualitycells are backed by a comprehensive range ofoptional upgrades ensuring that they meet everyanalytical challenge.

Purge Bellows

A pair of purge bellows is available for theCyclone™ series gas cells. These fit between theoptics box of the cell and the spectrometer toallow the purging of transfer optics with inertgases such as nitrogen. This feature allowsabsorbances due to atmospheric H2O and CO2 tobe eliminated from spectral measurements.

These bellows are designed to fit all SpecacBenchmark™ sampling accessories.

GS10707 Purge Bellows (pair)

Desiccant Storage Caps

These caps are designed to fit over the opticalinlet and outlet ports of the Cyclone™ series gascells to seal the transfer optics when the cells arenot in use.

One of the caps contains a desiccant materialwhich maintains a dry atmosphere within thetransfer optics box and extends the life of KBrwindows.

GS24150 Desiccant Storage Caps

Pressure Gauge Kit

A pressure gauge kit is available to fit the Cyclone™ series gas cells. Gauges can bespecified for low pressure operation (vacuum to15 p.s.i.) and high pressure operation (vacuum to125 p.s.i - metal bodied cell only). An integralpressure relief valve ensures that cells areautomatically depressurised in the event ofaccidental over pressurisation.

Specac recommend the use of a pressure gaugewhen operating gas cells at elevated pressures.

GS24160 Pressure Gauge Kit

(Specify High or Low pressure)

Cyclone™Gas Cells - Optional FeaturesOptional Features


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Heating Jacket / High StabilityTemperature Controller

All of the Cyclone™ series gas cells (glass andmetal bodied versions) can be upgraded toheatable gas cells by the addition of theappropriate Heating Jacket and High StabilityTemperature Controller. The heating jacket simplyslides over the gas cell and it can be operatedfrom ambient temperatures up to 200°C.

Low voltage (32V) heaters are used to ensuresafe operation at all times and the temperaturecontroller has a factory fitted option of RS232,RS485 or USB connectivity if ordered. Temperature stability is +/-1°C and a key featureof the design is the uniformity of the heatingacross the whole cell, which prevents localised˝cold spots˝ within the cell.

All of the Cyclone™ series Heating Jacket / HighStability Temperature Controller systems are CE compliant ensuring that they can be operatedsafely at all times under the recommendedconditions.

GS24302 Heating Jacket / Controller for Cyclone™ C2



(Specify voltage and country of usage)

Benchmark™ Series LaserAlignment Accessory

This accessory allows the visual verification of the optical pathlength through Cyclone™ seriesgas cells.

This is especially useful when different pathlengths are regularly used with variable pathlength cells.

The accessory is based on a low power (0.8mW)visible continuous wave LED precisely located inposition in a Benchmark™ accessory alignmenthousing. The gas cell simply slots into thealignment accessory. The 635nm Class II lasercan be powered from a battery unit or by thededicated mains transformer supplied.

Benchmark™ Laser Alignment Accessory is Ccompliant ensuring that it can be operated safelyat all times under the recommended conditions.

GS24500 Benchmark™ Series LaserAlignment Accessory


Cyclone™Gas Cells - Optional FeaturesOptional Features


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38

Ordering InformationGS24102 Cyclone™ C2

Long Pathlength Gas Cell0.5m to 2.5m

GS24105 Cyclone™ C5Long Pathlength Gas Cell1m to 8m

GS24110 Cyclone™ C10Long Pathlength Gas Cell2.1m to 10.6m

Fixed pathlengths available

Cyclone™ C2 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 & 2.5m

Cyclone™ C5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8m

Cyclone™ C10 2.1, 3.2, 4.2, 5.3, 6.3, 7.4,8.5, 9.5 & 10.6m

When ordering, please specifythe following...

1) Glass(G) or Metal(M) body

2) KBr(K), CaF2 (C) or ZnSe(Z) windows

3) Fixed(F) or Adjustable(A) pathlength

4) Viton(V) or Kalrez(X) O-ring seals.

5) Low(L) or High(H) pressure gauge kit fitted or None(N)

6) Spectrometer system forBenchmark™ baseplate.

Options



GS24152 Mirror Carriage Assembly for Cyclone™ series gas cells

(specify model, variable or fixed pathlength, andpathlength where a fixed pathlength mirror carriage is required)

GS24160 Pressure Gauge Kit To fit Cyclone™ and Tornado™

series gas cells

(specify High or Low Pressure)





GS24310 Heating Jacket / Controller forCyclone™ C10





GS24500 Laser Alignment Accessory

GS24153 Replacement KBr windows forCyclone™ and Tornado™ series gas cells

(specify model)

GS24154 Replacement ZnSe windows for Cyclone™ and Tornado™ series gas cells

(specify model)

GS24155 Replacement CaF2 windows for Cyclone™ and Tornado™ series gas cells

(specify model)

GS24103 Cyclone Gas Cell C2 ESK

GS24106 Cyclone Gas Cell C5, C10, C20 ESK

Gas Cells

Heating Jackets & Laser Alignment Accessory

Cyclone™Gas Cells - Ordering Information

Heatable Long Pathlength Gas Cells

VACUUM

GAS

ELECTRIC

W

COMMS

ESK


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Tornado™Gas Cells

39

Tornado Gas Cells

The Tornado™ series is the ideal choice foranalysts requiring a fixed, long pathlength gas cellfor routine applications.

Based on the White cell principle of multiple lightpasses between an arrangement of reflectingmirrors, Tornado™ series is available in threesizes:

• Tornado™ T5

Pathlengths ranging from 1m to 8min 1m steps

• Tornado™ T10

Pathlengths ranging from 2.1m to 10.6min 1.06m steps

• Tornado™ T20

Pathlengths ranging from 2m to 20min 2m steps

Tornado™ series gas cells are suitable foroperation in all modern FT-IR spectrometersusing the Specac Benchmark™ baseplateprovided as standard.

Borosilicate glass body material and anodisedaluminium/stainless steel internal and externalcomponents provide superior corrosionresistance against a wide range of gases andvapors. Viton® ‘O’ rings ensure leak-freeperformance under vacuum and ambientpressures as standard.

There is an option to configure the Tornado cellwith a nickel coated aluminium body in place ofthe borosilicate glass for pressure up to 125 p.s.i..State-of-the-art optical design combined withgold mirrors ensures the highest possible lightthroughput giving superior analytical sensitivity.

The supreme, in-built flexibility of the Tornado™

series allows additional mirror carriages to beused in the same body shell, maximisinganalytical capability and minimisingoperational costs.

A choice of KBr, ZnSe or CaF2 window materialsallows users to make the optimum windowchoice for their applications, and the transferoptics box is equipped with purge ports to allowoperation under inert atmospheres. A range ofoptional features further enhances the flexibility ofthe Tornado™ range.

• Wide pathlength range (1m - 20m)• Vacuum to 15 p.s.i. operation• Ambient temperature operation• Borosilicate glass body• Anodised components• Gold mirrors (protected)• Viton® ‘O’ ring seals• KBr, ZnSe or CaF2 windows• Purgeable transfer optics box• Benchmark™ series baseplate mounting

Standard Features

• Additional mirror carriage assemblies

• Vacuum/gas inlet & outlet taps

• Pressure gauge

• Desiccant storage caps

• Purge bellows

Optional Features

Tornado™Gas CellsA low-cost range of gas cells for routine analysis at ambient conditions


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40


• Pathlength (fixed): 1m - 8m• Pathlength steps: 1m• Volume: 1.33 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i.• Temperature range: Ambient• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr, ZnSe or CaF2• Inlet/outlet tubing: 1/4˝• ‘O’ rings: Viton®• Internal components: Anodised aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H455 W153 D130

Specifications

Tornado™ T5

• Pathlength (fixed): 2.1m - 10.6m• Pathlength steps: 1.06m• Volume: 2.6 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i.• Temperature range: Ambient• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr, ZnSe or CaF2• Inlet/outlet tubing: 1/4˝• ‘O’ rings: Viton®• Internal components: Anodised aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H470 W153 D146

Specifications

Tornado™ T10


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• Pathlength (fixed): 2m - 20m• Pathlength steps: 2m• Volume: 4.7 litres• Cell body material: Borosilicate glass• Pressure range: Vacuum to 15 p.s.i.• Temperature range: Ambient• Mirrors: Gold (protected)• Windows: KBr, ZnSe or CaF2• Inlet/outlet tubing: 1/4˝• ‘O’ rings: Viton®• Internal components: Anodised aluminium & stainless steel• Transfer optics: Aluminium mirrors in purgeable optics box• Cell mount: Benchmark™ series baseplate• Dimensions (mm): H675 W153 D146

Specifications

Tornado™T20

Tornado™ Key Dimensions

Vacuum/GasInlet & Outlet

Taps

All dimensions in mm

Objective Mirrors

Mirror Carriage

Windows

Optics Box

Purge PortsGlass or Metal

Body

Cell A B C D E

T5 455 385 114 86 153

T10 470 400 143 113 153

T20 675 606 143 113 153

Cell BasePathlength

PathlengthRange Volume

T5 25cm 1m to 8m(in 1m steps) 1.33 litres

T10 26.4cm 2.1m to 10.6m(in 1.06m steps) 2.6 litres

T20 0.5cm 2m to 20m(in 2m steps) 4.7 litres


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42

Optional Features

Tornado™ series long pathlength gas cells havebeen designed with the serious analyst in mind.These high performance, superior quality cells arebacked by a range of optional upgrades to furtherenhance their performance.

Purge Bellows

A pair of purge bellows is available for the Tornado™ series gas cells. These fit between theoptics box of the cell and the spectrometer toallow the purging of transfer optics with inertgases such as nitrogen. This feature allowsabsorbances due to atmospheric H2O and CO2to be eliminated from spectral measurements.


Desiccant Storage Caps

These caps are designed to fit over the opticalinlet and outlet ports of the Tornado™ series gascells to seal the transfer optics when the cells arenot in use. One of the caps contains a desiccantmaterial, which maintains a dry atmospherewithin the transfer optics box and extends the lifeof KBr windows.


Pressure Gauge Kit

A pressure gauge kit is available to fit the Cyclone™ series gas cells. Gauges can bespecified for low pressure operation (vacuum to15 p.s.i.) and high pressure operation (vacuum to125 p.s.i - metal bodied cell only). An integralpressure relief valve ensures that cells areautomatically depressurised in the event ofaccidental over pressurisation.

Specac recommend the use of a pressure gaugewhen operating gas cells at elevated pressures.

GS24160 Pressure Gauge Kit

(Specify High or Low pressure)

Tornado™Gas Cells - Optional FeaturesOptional Features


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Mirror Carriage Assembly

Additional mirror carriages can be specified foruse within a single Tornado™ body. This featuregreatly enhances the analytical flexibility of theseries, and significantly reduces operating costs.

GS24252 Mirror Carriage Assembly

(specify model and pathlength)

Ordering InformationGS24205 Tornado™ T5

1m - 8m Fixed Long Pathlength Gas Cell

GS24210 Tornado™ T10 2.1m - 10.6m Fixed Long Pathlength Gas Cell

GS24220 Tornado™ T20 2m - 20m Fixed Long Pathlength Gas Cell

Fixed pathlengths available

Tornado™ T5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8m

Tornado™ T10 2.1, 3.2, 4.2, 5.3, 6.3, 7.4, 8.5, 9.5 & 10.6m

Tornado™ T20 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18& 20m

When ordering, please specifythe following...

1) Glass(G) or Metal(M) body

2) KBr(K), CaF2 (C) or ZnSe(Z) windows

3) Low(L) or High(H) pressure gauge kitfitted or None(N)

4) Spectrometer system forBenchmark™ baseplate.

Options



GS24252 Mirror Carriage Assembly for Tornado™ series gas cells

(specify model & pathlength)

GS24160 Pressure Gauge Kit to fit Tornado™ series gas cells

(specify model & high or low pressure)

GS24161 Vacuum / Gas Inlet & Outlet Taps with push-on connectors forTornado™ series gas cells

GS24206 Tornado Gas Cell T5 ESK

GS24207 Tornado Gas Cell CT10, T20 ESK

Replacement Windows

GS24153 Replacement KBr windows for Tornado™ and Cyclone™ series gas cells

(specify model)

GS24154 Replacement ZnSe windows for Tornado™ and Cyclone™ series gas cells

(specify model)

GS24155 Replacement CaF2 windows for Tornado™ and Cyclone™ series gas cells

(specify model)

Tornado™Gas Cells - Optional Features cont’dOptional Features

VACUUM

GAS

ESK


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | High Temperature/High Pressure Cell

44

High Temperature/High Pressure Cell

High technology products and modern industrialprocesses require in-situ analysis under extremeconditions of temperature and pressure.

The ability to recreate these conditions andspectroscopically analyse samples or monitorprocesses in the laboratory is provided by theSpecac High Temperature/High Pressure Cell.The cell has been designed for high opticalthroughput and allows simple interchangebetween its multi-purpose analysis configurations, Transmission, Reflectance andDecomposition (See figures 1, 2 and 3 below).Key: S = Sample W = Window

Figure 1 - Transmission analysis mode

Figure 2 - Reflectance analysis mode

Figure 3 - Decomposition analysis mode

High Temperature/High Pressure Cell For ExtremeCondition AnalysisIn-situ analysis under extreme conditions

• Extreme Condition Spectroscopy

Programmable controlled temperatures up to 800°C and pressures from vacuum to 1000 p.s.i.

• Multi-purpose Analyzer

Transmission, specular reflectance and decomposition.

• Optimised Design

Permits easy interchange between analysis modes

• Safe and reliable construction

Rugged, durable construction incorporating safety approved electronics and safety burst disc

Key Features

• Component failure

• Decomposition studies

• In-situ reaction monitoring

• Surface emissivity measurements

• Process gas analysis

Applications


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | High Temperature/High Pressure Cell Ordering Information

45

The High Temperature/High Pressure Cell permits analysis of solid samples in transmission,specular reflectance and decomposition modes;and process gases in static or flow transmissionmode. Sample temperatures of up to 800° C canbe achieved and the cell can operate at pressures from vacuum to 1000 p.s.i.

The cell windows and body are separately heatedand controlled up to 200°C to preventcondensation of evolved materials adhering tothe ZnSe windows. Water cooled top and bottomblocks prevent undue heating of the spectrometer sample compartment and maintainaccessible surfaces at a safe temperature.

Switching between transmission (maximum sample diameter 13mm) and specular reflectancemodes is achieved by changing an opticalpressurised window assembly on the cell bodyand fitting to an alternative baseplate.The decomposition mode is obtained by a simplerepositioning of the sample holder/heater assembly which places the heated sample in apan just below the optical beam. Gases evolvedfrom the sample at different temperatures canthen be analyzed. The cell has provision for asteady gas flow for either gas analysis or purging.The cell volume is 80ml.

Cell temperature is regulated using a dedicatedcontroller that can be programmed manually orthrough a computer. The design incorporates anumber of important safety features. In particular,all electrical supplies to the cell comply toCanadian Standards Association (CSA) regulations (30 volts or less) and the temperaturecontrollers are equipped with open circuitdetection on the thermocouple inputs to preventoverheating.

The cell itself is fitted with a burst disk to preventinadvertent over pressurisation and, if necessary,this can be piped to a fume cupboard or otheroutlet point.The cell as standard is ruggedly constructed from durable SS316 stainless steeland can be disassembled for thorough cleaning ifrequired.

Ordering InformationHigh Temperature/High Pressure CellGS05850 High Temperature/High Pressure

Cell System

Includes: Optical unit with ZnSe windows and instrumentbaseplate, transmission/decomposition sample holder, programmable high stabilitytemperature controller.

Please specify spectrometer make and model.

GS05855 Advanced High Temperature/HighPressure Cell System

Includes: Optical unit with ZnSe windows and instrument baseplate, transmission/decomposition sample holder,reflectance mode wedgepressurised window assemblyand reflectance mode baseplate, programmable high stabilitytemperature controller.

With optional RS232, RS485 or USB connectionPlease specify spectrometer make and model.

GS05860 Reflectance mode kitConsists of a kit of parts to convert a GS05850HTHP cell to a fully advanced HTHP cell assupplied under GS05855

GS05865 Replacement Seal kit

GS05867 Replacement ZnSe cell windows (tested and certified)

GS05868 Decomposition pans-Spare Set (2)

GS05869 Replacement ‘Burst-Disk’

Options

GS05870 HTHP Cell ESK




High Temperature/High Pressure Cell For ExtremeCondition AnalysisIn-situ analysis under extreme conditions

ELECTRIC

GAS

WATER 5 ltr

W

COMMS

ESK

VACUUM


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Polarisers Introduction

These precision polarizers are manufactured in aclass 1000 clean room facility at Specac’s UnitedKingdom factory, by means of a holographic fabrication technique originally developed in conjunction with the United Kingdom’s NationalPhysical Laboratory (NPL).

The process involves exposing a photo-resistcoating on a suitable material substrate to aninterferometrically-generated fringe pattern froma monochromatic UV source.

The regular sinusoidal profile of the developedphoto-resist is subsequently metal coated at anoblique angle to create an array of fine parallellines at a set period.

This technique lends itself well to the generationof extremely uniform sub-micron grid wire spacings (2500 - 4000 lines/mm), which have asignificantly reduced level of light scattering incomparison to traditional ruled wire gridpolarizers. As the wire grid is formed on thephoto-resist itself, the technique is also wellsuited to fabricating polarizers on substrates thatdo not otherwise lend themselves to the rulingprocess.

Specac offers a range of polarizers on infraredmaterials such as Barium Fluoride (BaF2),Calcium Fluoride (CaF2), KRS-5, Zinc Selenide(ZnSe), and Germanium (Ge), in a range of categories to meet a broad scope of customerrequirements.

Standard, High Extinction Ratio (HER), and ImageQuality High Extinction Ratio (IQ-HER) polarizersare offered mounted or unmounted, with a rangeof diameters from 25 to 75 mm depending onsubstrate material.

Square polarizers in these categories are alsoavailable upon request. The performance ofSpecac polarizers does not vary significantly withchange of incident angle between 0 to 20 degrees.

46

Polarisers IntroductionPolarizers are commonly used to polarize radiation from unpolarized sources, attenuate

radiation from polarized sources, or act as polarizing beamsplitters. Specac offers a range of

holographic wire-grid polarizers for use in the 2-30μm spectral range.

• Infrared spectroscopy of materials (typically plastics/polymers and crystallography)

• Infrared microscopy (sample characterization)

• NIR/Mid-IR thermal imaging systems

• Plasma diagnostics

• Beamsplitters in polarized light interferometry

• Analysis in infrared astronomy

• Low power laser polarization and beam attenuation

• Coupling devices for Mid-IR and long wavelength lasers

Applications


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | FTIR Infrared Polarizers

47

FTIR Infrared PolarizersThese polarizers are offered on BaF2, CaF2, KRS-5, Ge, and ZnSe substrates. Spring mounted

with a 25mm clear aperture, they fit directly into the aperture ports of all Benchmark baseplate

compatible accessories.

Ordering Information

Polarizer Mount and HolderGS12500 Polarizer Mount with slide

mounted plate and rotating ring

Polarizer KitGS12501 Polarizer Kit

Includes: Polarizer(please specify part number)Polarizer mount and storage case

Substrate KRS-5 CaF2 BaF2 Ge ZnSe Spectral Range (µm) 2 - 35 1 - 10 1 - 12.5 8 - 12 1 - 15 Grid Period (µm) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.4 0.25

TransmissionEfficiency % (K1)

Transmission of UnwantedRadiation % (K2)

2.5µm 95.8 97.8 97.5 96.3 5.0µm 98.8 99.3 99.3 98.8 8.0µm 99.2 10.0µm 99.7 99.6 99.5 99.4 99.4

Degree of Polarization %(K1-K2) / (K1+K2)

2.5µm 48:1 89:1 80:1 54:1 5.0µm 168:1 314:1 293:1 170:1 8.0µm 249:1 10.0µm 326:1 500:1 420:1 364:1 370:1

Extinction/Contrast Ratio expressed as K1/K2

2.5µm 72 89 88 76 5.0µm 84 88 88 85 8.0µm 87 10.0µm 75 50 84 91 74 2.5µm 1.50 1.00 1.10 1.40 5.0µm 0.50 0.28 0.30 0.50 8.0µm 0.35 10.0µm 0.23 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.20

These specifications represent typical minimum performance. Actual results may vary. Maximum operating temperature for Ge is 80°C, all others are 110°C. Other materials, including Sapphire, CsI and MgF and custom specifications available upon request.

KRS-5

Ge

CaF2 BaF2

ZnSe

Wavelength µm

Tra

nsm

issio

n %

Range (KRS-µm) OD (mm) CA (mm) t (mm) Part Number

KRS-5 2-35 34.9 25 7.9 GS12000

Ge 8-12 34.9 25 7.9 GS12700

CaF2 1-10 34.9 25 7.9 GS12800


BaF2 1-12.5 34.9 25 7.9 GS12900

ZnSe 1-15 34.9 25 7.9 GS12950


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Standard Infrared Polarizers

48

Standard Infrared PolarizersThese polarizers are offered on BaF2, CaF2, KRS-5, Ge, and ZnSe substrates, in a choice of

support rings. Manufactured at 4000 lines/mm, they ensure enhanced performance at shorter

wavelengths for precision applications.

KRS-5

Ge

CaF2 BaF2

ZnSe

Wavelength µm

Tra

nsm

issio

n %





2.5µm 95.8 97.8 97.5 96.3 5.0µm 98.8 99.3 99.3 98.8 8.0µm 99.2 10.0µm 99.7 99.6 99.5 99.4 99.4


2.5µm 48:1 89:1 80:1 54:1 5.0µm 168:1 314:1 293:1 170:1 8.0µm 249:1 10.0µm 326:1 500:1 420:1 364:1 370:1




Substrate Ring Mount Part Number OD (mm) CA (mm) OD (mm) t (mm) 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57001 KRS-5 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57010 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57012 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57014 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57003 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57070 Ge 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57072 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57074 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57076 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57006 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57080 CaF2 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57082 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57084 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57086 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57008 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57090 BaF2 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57092 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57094 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57096 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57016 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57050 ZnSe 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57052 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57054 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57056


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | High Extinction Ratio (HER) Infrared Polarizers

49

High Extinction Ratio (HER) Infrared PolarizersThese polarizers are offered on BaF2, CaF2, KRS-5, Ge, and ZnSe substrates, in a choice of

support rings. Manufactured at 4000 lines/mm, with an enhanced coating process, they

ensure a higher degree of polarization extinction without jeopardising transmission throughput.

KRS-5

Ge

CaF2 BaF2

ZnSe

Wavelength µm

Tra

nsm

issio

n %





2.5µm 99.0 99.4 99.3 96.6 5.0µm 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.5 8.0µm 99.6 10.0µm 99.7 99.8 99.8 99.6 99.6


2.5µm 200:1 336:1 300:1 142:1 5.0µm 533:1 662:1 573:1 405:1 8.0µm 607:1 10.0µm 600:1 960:1 1143:1 629:1 600:1




Substrate Ring Mount Part Number OD (mm) CA (mm) OD (mm) t (mm) 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57002 KRS-5 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57011 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57013 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57015 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57004 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57071 Ge 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57073 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57075 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57077 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57007 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57081 CaF2 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57083 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57085 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57087 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57009 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57091 BaF2 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57093 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57095 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57097 25.0 unmounted N/A N/A GS57017 29.0 25.0 41.0 6.7 GS57051 ZnSe 42.0 38.0 55.0 8.7 GS57053 54.0 50.0 70.0 8.7 GS57055 75.0 71.0 90.0 9.7 GS57057

S R P O C O t 2 u N N K 2 2 4 6 4 3 5 8 5 5 7 8 2 u N N 2 2 4 6 G 4 3 5 8 5 5 7 8 7 7 9 9 2 u N N 2 2 4 6 C 4 3 5 8 5 5 7 8 7 7 9 9 2 u N N 2 2 4 6 B 4 3 5 8 5 5 7 8 7 7 9 9 2 u N N 2 2 4 6 Z 4 3 5 8 5 5 7 8 7 7 9 9


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Image Quality Infrared Polarizers

50

Image Quality Infrared PolarizersThese polarizers are offered on Ge and ZnSe substrates, in a choice of support rings.

Anti-reflection coatings and a high specification of optical flatness and parallelism make these

polarizers well suited for imaging applications.


3-5 8-12 8-12

Yes Yes Yes

93 - -

- 85 90

0.35 - -

- 0.12 0.14

99.2 - -

- 99.7 99.7

130:1 - -

- 350:1 320:1

50 50 50

110 110 80

Spectral Range (µm)

Anti-reflection Coating

% Transmission

Efficiency (K1)

% Transmission of

Unwanted Radiation (K2)

% Degree of (Ê1-Ê2)

Polarization (Ê1+Ê2)

Extinction Ratio

Damage Threshold (watts/cm2) CW

Max. Operating Temperature °C

Substrate GeZnSe

4µm

10µm

4µm

10µm

4µm

10µm

4µm

10µm

Ge

ZnSe

Wavelength µm

Tra

nsm

issio

n %


Ge 8-12 41 25 6.7 GS570788-12 55 38 8.7 GS570798-12 70 50 8.7 GS570688-12 90 71 9.7 GS57069

ZnSe 3-5 41 25 6.7 GS570583-5 55 38 8.7 GS570603-5 70 50 8.7 GS570623-5 90 71 9.7 GS57064

ZnSe 8-12 41 25 6.7 GS570598-12 55 38 8.7 GS570618-12 70 50 8.7 GS570638-12 90 71 9.7 GS57065



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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Opto-Physics Infrared Polarizers

51

Typical Transmission (K1) and Attenuation (K2) Plots for Specac Economy Polarizers

KRS-5ZnSeCaF2 BaF2

Specifications

Wire Grid Spacing: 2500 lines/mm

Mounting Ring Diameters:25.0 +0.0/-0.2 mm50.0 +0.0/-0.2 mm

Mounting Ring Thickness:5.0 ±0.1 mm (Ø 25 mm)6.0 ±0.1 mm (Ø 50 mm)

Polarizer Clear Aperture:18.0 ±0.1 mm (Ø 25 mm)34.0 ±0.1 mm (Ø 50 mm)

Substrate Thickness:2.0 +0.0/-0.2 mm (Ø 25 mm)4.0 +0.0/-0.2 mm (Ø 50 mm)

Opto-Physics Infrared PolarizersSpecac offer a range of opto-physics polarizers from stock in standard 25 or 50 mm support

rings. These are provided on Barium Fluoride (BaF2), Calcium Fluoride (CaF2), KRS-5, and

Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) substrates, and are manufactured at 2500 lines/mm to provide

acceptable polarization performance at an economical price.

Wavelength (μm) /Wavenumber (cm-1)

2.5 / 40005 / 200010 / 10002.5 / 40005 / 200010 / 10002.5 / 40005 / 200010 / 10002.5 / 40005 / 200010 / 1000

Typical Extinction Ratio (K1/K2)100300300100300300100300400100300400

SubstrateMaterial

KRS-5

CaF2

BaF2

ZnSe

PartNumberGS57500GS57501GS57502GS57503GS57504GS57505GS57506GS57507

Substrate MaterialKRS-5CaF2BaF2ZnSeKRS-5CaF2BaF2ZnSe

Mounting Ring Dia. (mm)

2525252550505050

Parallelism(arc minutes)

53335333

Flatness(fringes per inch@633 nm)

42224222



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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Rotatable Polarizer Mounts

52

The Rotatable Polarizer Mounts GS57340,GS57350, GS57360 and GS57370 are designed to accommodate the SpecacGS57010 Series of ring mount polarizers. Whenthe polarizer is placed into its appropriate mount,the polarizing grid can be rotated for selection ofa particular degree angle of polarized light.

The rotatable polarizer mounts correspond to theparticular size of GS50710 Series polarizer (see ordering information).The rotatable polarizer mounts are provided withtheir own protective covers, such that a GS57010Series ring mount polarizer can be containedsafely within the mount when not in use.

The rotatable polarizer mounts are graduated in2 (two) degree angle intervals and can be estimated to 1 (one) degree accuracy. They canbe mounted directly either to a bench or via asupport post.

Ordering InformationRotatable Polarizer MountsGS57340 Rotatable polarizer mount for

25.0mm diameter clear aperture,ring mounted GS57010 seriespolarizers.

GS57350 Rotatable polarizer mount for 38.0mm diameter clear aperture,ring mounted GS57010 seriespolarizers.



The polarizer mount GS12510 is a rotatablemount that is attached directly to the apertureports of any optical unit used with SpecacBenchmark™ baseplate compatible accessories.Such accessories include the Golden Gate™, Silver Gate™ and Gateway™ horizontal ATR systems and the Cyclone™ and Tornado™ longpathlength gas cells.

The polarizer mount GS12510 accepts theSpecac range of GS57010 Series, 38mm circular aperture, ring mount polarizers. When apolarizer has been installed into the mount, it canbe rotated for a particular angular degree of polarized light by adjustment of an outer rotatingring on the polarizer mount itself.

The polarizer mount GS12510 can be used whenpolarized light experimentation is to be carriedout using any of the aforementioned Specac accessories, particularly if there is limited spacewithin a spectrometer sample compartment. The standard aperture ports of the Benchmark™

baseplate compatible optical units will accept aGS12000 Series polarizer. To rotate this type ofpolarizer, it must be removed from the apertureport and turned to align with the indicatinggrooves in the aperture port ring for either parallelor perpendicular polarization and then re-inserted. There is always a potential risk ofgetting fingermarks on the polarizer substratewhen placing the polarizer into or removing itfrom the aperture mounting ports. If there is a requirement for continual changing of the polarizer orientation, the use of an appropriateGS57010 Series polarizer within the GS12510polarizer mount may help to minimise the risk ofmarking to the polarizer grid on the substrate surface.

GS12510 Benchmark™ Polarizer Mount

(specify KRS-5, Ge, CaF2, BaF2 or ZnSe substrate polarizer to be used)

Rotatable Polarizer Mounts

P/N GS57350

P/N GS57370

P/N GS12510


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infraredreflectance

spectroscopy


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Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy IntroductionReflectance spectroscopy is used for samples that are difficult to analyze by transmission.

An advantage of many reflectance techniques is that the samples can usually be analyzed

without any preparation.

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Introduction

1. Internal Reflectance- measurements: made using an ATR element incontact with the sampleInternal reflection occurs when infrared radiationenters an ATR crystal made of a highly refractiveinfrared transmitting material. ATR crystals are

designed to enable total internal reflectioncreating an evanescent wave at the crystalsurface. This wave extends into a sample held inintimate contact with the crystal and absorptionspectra can be recorded as a result. The depth of penetration of the evanescent wave into thesample is a function of the crystal material andthe angle of incidence. Deeper penetration isachieved with either a smaller incidence angle ora lower refractive index crystal. The depth ofpenetration also increases with the wavelength.

2. External Reflectance- measurements: made by collecting the infraredbeam reflected from the sample surfaceIn external reflectance, incident radiation isfocused directly on to the surface of a sample.The light reflected from the sample may bescattered in different directions or reflecteddirectly, depending upon the physical form of thesample. When reflected light is scattered by thesample it is called diffuse reflection. When it is reflected directly, it is called specular reflection.

Diffuse ReflectanceIn diffuse reflection infrared spectroscopy(DRIFTS) diffusely scattered light can be collectedeither directly from a sample, or from an abrasivesampling pad previously abraded against anintractable sample. Many samples will give diffuse reflectance spectra. These include powders, fibers or matt surfaced samples suchas textiles.

Where samples have a rough surface, such as apowder, specularly reflected light is a minorcontributor to the overall signal. Specac diffusereflection accessories are optimized to increasecollection of the diffuse reflectance and decreasethe specular component, as the specularcomponent may adversely affect the spectrum.Specular ReflectanceSpecular reflectance is a nondestructive method

for surface measurements using the mirror-likereflection from the shiny surface of a sample.Specular reflectance occurs when the reflectedangle of infrared radiation equals the angleof incidence. The amount of light reflecteddepends on the angle of incidence, and therefractive index, surface roughness, andabsorption properties of the sample. Specularreflection accessories for infrared spectroscopyare used typically to measure coatings onreflective surfaces. This type of measurement isactually a transmission measurement of thecoating, rather than a specular reflectionmeasurement from the front surface. Typicalapplications include the study of surface coatingson surface treated, painted, or polymer coatedmetals.

Increased pathlengths through thin coatings canbe achieved by increasing the angle of incidence.The maximum sensitivity is achieved at the grazingangle (80-85°). Monolayer films at a liquid-airinterface can be studied using a grazing angle ofincidence. Thicker coatings, in the micrometerthickness range, are studied typically using angles of 30°. Band intensities of the spectra alsodepend on the type and degree of polarization aswell as the effective pathlength. The Specacrange of reflectance accessories includes bothfixed and variable incidence angle accessories.

54


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Golden Gate™Single Reflection Diamond ATR Series MkIIThe Golden Gate™ is the world’s most versatile Infrared sampling system. It analyzes all types

of samples, from hard solids to corrosive liquids, and it is easy to use, sensitive, and robust

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Golden Gate™Single Reflection Diamond ATR

Golden Gate™ Diamond ATR

Outstanding sensitivity is achieved using highpressure contact against a solid, type IIIa diamond, selected for its unparalleled sensitivityas a single reflection ATR element together withits unique physical and chemical stability.

The accessory can be used to analyze a range ofsamples from single particles and fibers to corrosive liquids. While the large working areasample platform is ideal for macro sampling.

The diamond is high temperature bonded into itstungsten carbide mount, giving performance andstrength to withstand the high pressures requiredfor maximum optical contact with hard samples.

The quick lock and release bridge allows for fastsample change around. The built-in pressurecontrol mechanism means reproducible resultsare obtainable and optimum sample clamping isachieved.

Polarization studies can be carried out using thebenchmark polarizer mount P/N GS 12510 (Seepage 52)

• High sample throughput - no sample preparation

• Rugged type IIIa diamond ATR metalbonded into a tungsten carbide mount

• Hard, inert, sapphire self-levelling pressure anvil

• Pressure bridge for highest sensitivity

• A wide choice of available options

• Quick release bridge with safety interlock

• Built-in pressure control for reproducible results

• QA on pharmaceutical powders

• Analysis of hard and soft polymer pellets

• Forensic sampling, paint chips and single fibers

• Hard samples, e.g. rock and geochemicals

• Corrosive liquids

• Coated wires

• Air sensitive samples

Key Features

Applications

55


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Reproducibility and Sensitivity of the Golden Gate™

Single Reflection ATR System


56

00

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Applied Load (lbs)

Ab

so

rbance

Golden Gate pressure range

Typical competitive ATR pressure range

Hard Red Polymer

Soft Polymer Pellet

Peet Tubing

Hard ABS Pellet

Soft Polyurethane

Polythene Sheet

PTFE Sheet

Irregular Peet Pellet

00

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.4

0.35

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Applied Load (lbs)

Ab

so

rba

nce

Golden Gate pressure range

Typical competitive ATR pressure range

Lacquer on Copper Wire

Paper Sample

Wool/Polymer Cloth

Sweetner (powder)

Nylon Monofilament

Single Human Hair

A key feature of the Golden Gate™ Single Reflection ATR System is the outstanding contactachievable between solid samples and thediamond crystal.

For many sample types (particularly powders andfibers), as the load is applied to the sample andoptical contact between the diamond and thesample increases, the intensity of the absorbance bands also increase. In other words,increasing the load increases the sensitivity. TheGolden Gate™ gives the highest load capability ofany commercial diamond ATR (over 180 lbs) andthe diagrams above illustrate how that impactssensitivity for a variety of sample types.

For softer samples, such as polymers, a similareffect is seen. However, once the sample hasfully contacted the ATR surface, the absorbancestops increasing with increasing pressure.

In order to achieve the best measurement repeatability and reproducibility for these samples, the instrument should ideally apply aload above the “knee” of the curve where the absorbance becomes much less sensitive toload. The diagram above right illustrates some measurements for typical samples. Note how theharder sample types need a higher load to reachthis ideal situation - and very often the GoldenGate™ is the only product that can do it.

The effect of load on ATR sensitivity

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

Water

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

1.01.0

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600-0.05

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

Hexadecane (C16 H34)

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.0

Polyethylene glycol (PEG 600)


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57

Schematic of the Golden Gate™Single ReflectionATR system

The Top-plates of the Golden Gate™ Single Reflection ATR Series are supplied on an opticalunit which contains mirrors and a choice of beamcondensing optics (ZnSe or KRS-5).

All Top-plates are interchangeable with the optical unit.

A schematic is shown opposite of the beam paththrough the Golden Gate™ optical system. Thesymmetrical design coupled with the use of theBenchmark™ base-plate system means that theGolden Gate™ can be used in most commerciallyavailable FTIR instruments.

Beam Condensing Lenses

Golden Gate™ Anvil OptionsA variety of special anvils are available for use with the Golden Gate™ Top-plates. The use

of an appropriate anvil improves the sample handling capabilities of the Golden Gate™

Single Reflection ATR System.

1

2

3

45

67

8 9

1 Reactive Sample Anvil

Samples which are sensitive to air or moisturecan be loaded and pressed in a dry box. Theanvil has a seal which compresses as the sampleis pressed, thus keeping it in an inert environ-ment while the spectrum is being run.

2 & 5 Grooved Anvils(Narrow and Wide) To study the coating ontransformer wire the grooved anvils hold the wireexactly in the middle of the diamond.

3 Sapphire AnvilThis is the standard anvil and is used for mostsample types. It has the advantage of being veryhard, and easy to clean to prevent sample carry-over. It is also self-leveling to accommodate non-flat samples.

4 Stainless Steel Flat AnvilThis is used for fibers or fine wires. It is not self-

leveling, which can be an advantage with thistype of sample.

6 Pellet AnvilPolymer pellets are held firmly in position with thisconcave anvil. With a flat anvil they could movewhen pressure is applied.

7 Volatiles CoverIf liquid samples are very volatile the cover isuseful to minimize evaporation.

8 View-Thru AnvilThe View-Thru Anvil allows the sample to beviewed through a 4x lens system with a built-inreflective illuminator.

9 Flow-Thru Anvil

This micro flow cell anvil seals under pressurearound the diamond. Its volume is 28 microlitersand it can operate at 1000 psi. It may be used asa flow cell or as a micro reaction chamber.


• Heatable to 300ºC• Diamond in tungsten carbide mount• Low voltage heaters• Thermal safety fuses• Programmable temperature control via optional RS232, RS485 or USB connection• Complies with CE regulations• Low thermal mass

Key Features

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Golden Gate™ Top-plate OptionsHigh Temperature Top-plate

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Golden Gate™Top-plate Options

58

• Polymerization studies• Thermochemical studies• Curing reactions• Degradation / decomposition

Applications

The Reaction Cell allows in-compartmentreaction monitoring over a broad range ofextreme conditions. The diamond is metalbonded into a tungsten carbide mount and this iscontained within a high pressure reaction vessel.The unique strength and durability of the diamondelement makes it ideal for withstandingcombinations of aggressive chemical contact athigh temperatures and pressures.

• Controlled temperatures to 200ºC• Low voltage (30V)• Cell volume 28ml• Pressures up to 3000psi• Water jacket to prevent overheating• Stainless steel construction with a choice of other materials• Stirring option• Flow through configuration option

Key Features

Reaction Cell

• Chemical reaction analysis at high temperatures and pressures• Caustic solutions• Slurries with abrasive particulates• Acidic reactions• Optimization of process parameters

Applications

Many reactions and processes occur at hightemperatures. The Heated Diamond Top-plate includes all the normal features of the GoldenGate™ sampling technique but with the added benefit of heating samples up to 300ºC. Diamondhas a uniquely high thermal conductivity.The Top-plate has a low thermal mass, and incombination with high power heaters in closeproximity to the diamond, both rapid and efficientheating is achieved. This gives a high degree oftemperature control. A rapid sample turn aroundis therefore possible. The Top-plate can be used

with a computer controlled temperaturecontroller with digital readout to 1°C. With safetyin mind, low voltage (30V) heaters are used, andfor additional protection thermal fuses are fittedas standard. The controller complies withEuropean CE regulations.

ELECTRIC

W

ELECTRIC

W

WATER 5 ltr

W

GAS

COMMS

COMMS

P/N GS10640

P/N GS10507


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59

The Golden Gate™ low temperature diamond ATRsystem is the first ATR accessory to provide highperformance ATR measurements down to nearliquid nitrogen temperature. The system uses athermally insulated copper and stainless steeldewar in conjunction with an integral heater

The high thermal conductivity of the diamondcrystal provides rapid temperature stabilization,accurate temperature measurement, and avoidstemperature gradients across the sample.

The diamond ATR crystal is high temperaturemetal bonded into a tungsten carbide supportdisk and the top plate is hard-anodized to makethe accessory chemically resistant and capableof withstanding the pressures required foroptimum crystal and sample contact. Pressure isapplied to the sample using the quick lock andrelease bridge from the proven Golden Gate™

diamond ATR system.

This clamping device allows rapid samplethroughput and reproducible solid sampling.It also has a built-in torque limiter to control theloads applied to the diamond.

The Golden Gate™ low temperature diamond ATRis constructed in such a way that the crystalmounting is under a constant load. This ensuresthat the diamond is kept in constant opticalalignment, negating the effects of thermalexpansion and contraction. The upper thermaldewar body of the system is separated from thetop-plate by a replaceable, thermally conductingspacer, avoiding the need for use of sealants thatmay contaminate the diamond surface. The systemis easily and quickly taken apart for cleaning.

• Continuous control of sample temperature from -150°C to 80°C.

• High thermal conductivity provides rapid cooling and temperature stabilization

• Proven, strong clamping device, based on the Golden Gate™ Diamond ATR, allows rapid, reproducible sample throughput.

• Thermally insulated copper and stainless steel dewar allows for the use of liquid nitrogen, dry ice, or salt & water mixtures.

Key Features

Low Temperature Top-plate

• Micro reflectance samples

• Very highly absorbing samples

• Carbon black containing polymers

Micro Specular Reflectance Top-plate

Applications

A 45º angle Micro Specular Reflection Top-plateis for flat samples of greater than 3mm x 6mm, or powders that can be pressed into a self-supporting wafer. A scribed reference grid allowsaccurate repeat positioning of samples.

ELECTRIC

W

COMMS

P/N GS10590

P/N GS10514


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60

The Supercritical Fluids Analyzer version of theGolden Gate™ Diamond ATR is designed foroperation at extreme temperatures andpressures. The diamond ATR element is hightemperature metal bonded into a tungstencarbide disk, avoiding the use of adhesives orresins that may be dissolved or attacked by thechemical aggressiveness of supercritical fluids.The sample chamber has been speciallyconstructed using stainless steel and is capable

of withstanding pressures up to 6000 p.s.i. and

temperatures up to 300°C. The high thermalconductivity of the diamond element is ideal forfast temperature equilibrium and accuratetemperature measurement, reducing analysistime and increasing sample throughput.The analyzer is equipped with a thermalprotection system to prevent thermal runaway.

• Pressures up to 6000 p.s.i

• Temperature controlled to 300°C

• Low volume 28µl stainless steel sample cell

• Standard 1/16th inch fittings

• CE Marked

Key Features

Supercritical Fluids Top-plate

• Supercritical and Near Supercritical fluids

• Extreme condition analysis of polymers

• In-situ ATR studies at high temperatures and pressures

Applications

The Envirochamber Golden Gate™ diamond Top-plate is designed for analysing samples in asealed or controlled environment. It has anexternal chamber attached to the bridge andclamp anvil assembly which is used to enclosethe diamond/tungsten carbide puck at thesample analysis area of the top-plate. Flow tubesare provided on the chamber to introduce a flowof vapour into the surrounding environment orto evacuate the chamber if necessary.

The chamber enables a solid or liquid sample tobe measured using the ATR method where thesample can be isolated from an externalenvironment. Samples can be measured for theirinteraction under a controlled environment forhumidity or various gas flow experimentation atambient or elevated temperatures up to 300°C.

• Quick release sealed chamber• Flow fittings on chamber• Chamber is integrated with removable Golden Gate™ top-plate• Heated versions available

Key Features

Envirochamber ATR Top-plate

• Analyse solid or liquid samples in a sealed environment• Analyse solid or liquid samples in a controlled environment

Applications

ELECTRIC

W

GAS

COMMS

ELECTRIC

W

GAS

COMMS

P/N GS10585

P/N GS10650

P/N GS10660heated 200º

P/N GS10665heated 300º


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61

A Complete Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II Systemconsists of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5Lenses, Top-plate (GS10563), Baseplate andPurge Bellows.GS10500 Complete Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II

with ZnSe LensesGS10515 Complete Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II

with KRS-5 LensesA Golden Gate™ top-plate can be provided as acomplete accessory on a ZnSe or KRS-5 lensoptical unit or as an upgrade additional top-plate

Please specify Spectrometer make and model forthe appropriate baseplate

Top-plate OptionsGS10563 Diamond ATR Top-plate Mk II

Includes: Sapphire and Pellet anvils, volatiles cover

GS10566 Germanium ATR Top-plate Mk IIIncludes: Large stainless steel anvil and volatiles cover

GS10514 Micro Specular ReflectanceTop-plateIncludes: Reference mirror

GS10507 In-Situ Reaction Cell Top PlateIncludes Temperature controller.

Specify 220V or 110V and country for controllerGS10513 Stirring option for Reaction Cell GS10585 Supercritical fluids top-plate.

Includes Temperature controllerSpecify 220V or 110V and country for controllerGS10590 Low Temperature Diamond ATR

Top PlateIncludes Temperature controller

Specify 220V or 110V and country for controllerGS10640 High Temperature top-plate

Includes Sapphire and Pellet anvils, volatiles cover and temperature controller

Specify 220V or 110V and country for controllerGS10650 Envirochamber Top-plate

Includes: Sapphire anvil GS10531 and Pellet anvil GS10532

GS10660 Heated Envirochamber Top-plate 200°CIncludes: Temperature controller, Sapphire anvil GS10531 and Pellet anvil GS10532

Specify 220V or 110V and country for controllerGS10665 Heated Envirochamber

Top-plate 300°CIncludes: Temperature controller, Sapphire anvil GS10531 andPellet anvil GS10532

Specify 220V or 110V and country for controller

Accessory OptionsGS10642 High Temp. Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II

A Complete Heatable Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II System consisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses, Heated Top-plate, Baseplate, Purge Bellows and Temperature Controller.

Specify Spectrometer make and model for the appropriate baseplate - 220V or 110V and countryfor the Controller and ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses.

GS10586 Supercritical fluids Golden Gate™ATR MK IIA Complete Supercritical fluids Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II System consisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses, Supercritical fluids top-plate, Baseplate, Purge Bellows and Temperature Controller.

Specify Spectrometer make and model for theappropriate baseplate - 220V or 110V and countryfor the Controller and ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses.

GS10592 Low Temp. Golden Gate™ATR MK IIA Complete Low Temperature Golden Gate™ ATR Mk II System consisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses, Low Temperature top-plate, Baseplate,Purge Bellows and Temperature Controller.

Specify Spectrometer make and model for theappropriate baseplate. 220V or 110V and countryfor the Controller and ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses.

GS10525 Reaction Cell Golden Gate™ATR MK IIA Complete Reaction CellGolden Gate™ ATR Mk II System consisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses, Reaction Cell Top-plate, Baseplate, Purge Bellows and Temperature Controller.

Specify Spectrometer make and model for theappropriate baseplate. 220V or 110V and countryfor the Controller and ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses.

GS10513 Stirring option for Reaction Cell

Cont’d

Ordering InformationGolden Gate™ATR Mk II series

ESK

ESK

ESK

ESK

ESK


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Golden Gate™Ordering Information

62

Ordering Information cont’d

Accessory Options cont’dGS10652 Envirochamber

Golden Gate™ ATR MKllA complete EnvirochamberGolden Gate™ ATR MKll SystemConsisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses,Envirochamber top-plate, baseplate and purge bellows.

Specify Spectrometer make and model for theappropriate baseplate.

GS10662 EnvirochamberGolden Gate™ ATR MKll 200°CA complete Heated EnvirochamberGolden Gate™ ATR MKll SystemConsisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses,Heated Envirochamber top-plate, baseplate, purge bellows and temperature controller.


GS10667 EnvirochamberGolden Gate™ ATR MKll 300°CA complete Heated EnvirochamberGolden Gate™ ATR MKll SystemConsisting of an Optics Unit with ZnSe or KRS-5 lenses,Heated Envirochamber top-plate, baseplate, purge bellows and temperature controller.


Upgrade - LensesGS10552 ZnSe lens upgrade kit

6500 - 600cm-1

GS10508 KRS-5 lens upgrade kit6500 - 400cm-1

Anvil Options - Mk II Golden Gate™Top-platesGS10503 Volatiles coverGS10531 Sapphire anvilGS10532 Pellet anvilGS10536 Reactive sample anvilGS10547 Grooved anvil - narrow gaugeGS10548 Grooved anvil - wide gaugeGS10549 Stainless steel flat anvilGS10567 Stainless steel large anvil for

Germanium Top-plateGS10568 Micro Reaction/Flow Cell anvilGS10569 View-Thru Anvil/Bridge assembly

SparesGS10707 Purge bellows

Mk I to Mk II Top-plate UpgradeGS10564 Specac can upgrade an existing

Mk I (Pre Oct 1999) Golden Gate™

Top-plate to a Mk II version with a quick lock and release bridge and in-built pressure mechanism.

The upgrade includesSapphire anvil P/N GS10531and Pellet anvil P/N GS10532

Return your Mk I Top-plate to your Specac Dealerfor the upgrade.GS10550 Golden Gate™ ATR

Accessories ESKGS10527 Golden Gate™ Microspecular

ATR ESK

GS10528 Golden Gate™ Reaction CellATR ESK

GS10529 Golden Gate™ SCF ATR ESK

OptionsGS28000 RS232 Connection kitGS28001 USB Connection kitGS28002 RS485 Connection kitGS12510 Benchmark polarizer mount

ESK

ESK

ESK


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Silver Gate™Evolution Single Reflection ATRA cost-effective, basic, high throughput single reflection ATR accessory for the FTIR analysis

of solids, liquids, gels and pastes - with interchangeable crystal plates.

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Silver Gate™Evolution Single Reflection ATR

Silver Gate™ Evolution

The Silver Gate™ Evolution single reflection ATRsystem is a high throughput FTIR accessorycapable of analysing solids, liquids and pasteswith little or no sample preparation.

The Silver Gate™ Evolution standard configuration has an interchangeable crystalplate with replacement crystal plates available at reasonable prices.

The sampling surface can be flat or recessed -depending on customer requirements and canbe bought with or without the clamp bridge.

Stability and high sample throughput is providedby the built-in torque limiter which controls the applied load and the Benchmark™ baseplatemounting system allows the Silver Gate™

Evolution to be rapidly mounted in the spectrometer without re-alignment.

The Silver Gate™ Evolution single reflection ATR isextremely robust and the factory pre-aligned optics help make it an ideal cost-effective accessory for quality assurance and sample analysis.

• Rapid analysis of solids, liquids, gels and pastes with little or no sample preparation

• High optical throughput provides fast and efficient sample measurement

• Proven, strong clamping device, based on the Golden Gate™ ATR technology, allows rapid, reproducible sample throughput

• Flat crystal surface provides optimum sample contact and prevents point loading and stray light

• Open top-plate architecture for easy sample access

• Highly absorbing samples

• Small samples

• Liquids, semi-solids, films and finely milled powders

Key Features

Applications

63


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Silver Gate™Evolution Ordering Information

Silver Gate™Evolution Ordering InformationPlease specify if a base plate is required, and for what make and model of spectrometer

Silver Gate™Optics UnitGS10681 Silver Gate Evolution Optics UnitNote: the Optics Unit includes a volatiles coverand purge bellows

Silver Gate™Evolution Top PlatesGS10682-1 Top Plate without clamp bridgeGS10682-2 Top Plate with clamp bridgeNote: GS10682-2 includes both Pellet and Plane Anvil

Fully configured Silver Gate™EvolutionGS10680-1 ZnSe flat crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-2 Ge flat crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-3 ZnSe recessed crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-4 Ge recessed crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-5 ZnSe flat crystal plate

without clamp bridgeGS10680-6 Ge flat crystal plate

without clamp bridgeGS10680-7 ZnSe recessed crystal plate

without clamp bridgeGS10680-8 Ge recessed crystal plate

without clamp bridgeGS10680-9 Silicon flat crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-10 Silicon recessed crystal plate

with clamp bridgeGS10680-11 Silicon flat crystal plate

without clamp bridgeGS10680-12 Silicon recessed crystal plate

without clamp bridge

Silver Gate™Evolution Crystal PlatesGS10683-1 ZnSe flat crystal plateGS10683-2 Ge flat crystal plateGS10683-3 Si flat crystal plateGS10684-1 ZnSe recessed crystal plateGS10684-2 Ge recessed crystal plateGS10684-3 Si recessed crystal plate

Silver Gate™Evolution Replacement partsGS10503 Volatiles CoverGS10532 Pellet AnvilGS10567 Plane AnvilGS10707 Purge BellowsGS10685 Silver Gate™Evolution ESK

64

Wavenumber cm-1

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sorb

ance

/ a

.u.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 6000.0

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Water

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.u.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 6000.0

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0.6


Wavenumber cm-1

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.u.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 6000.0

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.u.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 6000.00

0.05

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0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

Hexadecane (C16H34)

High optical throughput provides fast andefficient sample measurement


www.specac.com

Gateway™ATR SystemAn advanced 6 reflection ATR system for the infrared analysis of solids, liquids, pastes and gels

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Gateway™ATR System

Gateway ATR System

The Specac Gateway™ ATR system is a low costmulti-reflection horizontal ATR accessory.

High performance transfer optics and anti-reflection coated ZnSe crystals ensures unrivalledthroughput and sampling sensitivity.

The rugged design, simple optical layout andSpecac's unique Benchmark™ base-plate system ensures optimum performance no matterwhich instrument make or model you use. Thestandard dual top plate configuration offers themost versatile package while optional, additionaltop plates allow sampling flexibility and systemexpandability.

For the study of samples at elevated tempera-tures up to 200°C, there is an additional option ofthe electrically heated trough top plate with 45°angle ZnSe crystal and dedicated temperaturecontroller P/N GS11155. The plate is an opentrough design similar to the standard trough topplate P/N GS11166, whereby a liquid is simplypoured in to cover the crystal. The thermo-stabilized open trough top plate P/N GS11139 issimilar to the P/N GS11155 top plate, but relieson a thermocirculating fluid for heating ratherthan from an electrically powered temperature controller.

An alternative type of heatable top plate forGateway ATR is the 550 microliter thermo-stabilized flow through top plate assembly with45° angle ZnSe crystal P/N GS11118.

A liquid sample can be flowed across the sampling surface of a ZnSe crystal in an enclosedchamber. The outer casing can be heated by theflow of a thermocirculating solution surroundingthe sample/crystal area. The temperature achievable is dependent upon the thermo-circulating fluid being used i.e. water or oil, etc.

A liquid sample pumping system can be used fordelivery of the liquid sample via peristaltic typeflow through flexible tubing attached to the sample ports on the flow plate. The sample flowthrough the thermostabilized flow through topplate is rated up to a 60psi maximum.

There is also a room temperature flowthroughtop plate version with 550µl volume P/NGS11116.

All of the Gateway ATR top plates are suppliedwith a 45° angle ZnSe crystal P/N GS11145, but alternative germanium P/N GS11147 and siliconP/N GS11146 crystals at a 45° angle are alsoavailable. They can be supplied on their own forplacement into the trough or thermostabilized topplates, but they must be pre-affixed into a flat topplate assembly.

• Replaceable crystals

• High optical throughput

• Purgeable optics

• Extensive range of optional top plates

• Benckmark™ base-plate system

• Aqueous solutions

• Liquids – static or flowing

• Pastes and gels

• Polymer films

• Fine powders

• Quality control

• Temperature sensitive samples

• Reaction kinetics

• Education

Key Features

Applications

65


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Gateway™ATR Top Plate Options Ordering Information

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Gateway™ATR System Top-plate Options

Flat top-plate

GS11133 • Ideal for solids or films • Variety of crystals available

Trough top-plate

GS11166 • Ideal for liquids and pastes • Removable crystal • Variety of crystals available

Flow thru top-plate

GS11116 • Process control• 550µl volume• Removable crystal• Variety of crystals available• Reaction monitoring

Thermostabilized top-plate

GS11118 • Reaction kinetics• 550µl volume• Removable crystal• Stainless steel top-plate andKalrez spacer

• Heatable to 90ºC

Water heated trough top-plate

GS11139 A sub ambient to 90°C Top-plate heated or cooled by thermocirculating fluid

Electrically heated trough top-plate

GS11155 An electrically heated top-plate with dedicated temperature controller. This top-plate is heatable to 200ºC.

66

WATER 5 ltr

V

WATER 5 ltr

V

ELECTRIC

W

COMMS


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Gateway™ATR Example Spectra

Gateway™ATR Top Plate Options Ordering Information

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Gateway™ATR System

67

GS11165 Gateway™ Combination system

Includes: optics unit, Benchmark base-plate, ZnSe trough and flattop plates, sample clamp,purge bellows

Optional Top PlatesGS11118 550µl Thermostabilized Flow

Through Top Plate with ZnSe 45° crystal

GS11116 550µl Flow Through Top Plate with ZnSe 45° crystal

GS11139 Water Heated/Cooled Trough TopPlate with ZnSe 45° crystal

GS11155 Electrically Heated Trough Top Plate with ZnSe 45° crystal & AutoTemperature Controller (200°C)

(Specify 220V or 110V)

Other OptionsGS11132 Volatiles Cover

OptionsGS28000 RS232 Connection kitGS28001 USB Connection kitGS28002 RS485 Connection kit

Spares and ConsumablesGS10707 Pair of Purge Bellows for

enclosing Benchmark ATR beam path in spectrometer sampling compartment

GS11129 Gasket Replacement Kit for 11130,11139 and 11155 Top Plates

GS11167 Kalrez Gasket Set for Trough Top-plates

GS11152 Silicone tubing for Flow Through Top-plates

GS11133 ZnSe Flat top plate GS11145 Replacement ZnSe crystal for all

top plates (except Flat GS11133)

GS11146 Replacement Si crystal for all top plates (except Flat GS11133)

GS11145 Replacement Ge crystal for all top plates (except Flat GS11133)

GS11150 Kalrez Gaskets for 550�l Top Plates

GS11166 ZnSe Trough top plate GS11170 Gateway™ optics unit only

GS11171 Sample Clamp

Other crystal materials available on request.

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Water

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

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rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

3.0

3.5

4.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0


Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Hexadecane (C16 H34)

Wavenumber cm-1

Ab

so

rbance /

a.u

.

3900 3600 3300 3000 2700 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0



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25 Reflection ATRFor high sensitivity ATR measurements with FT-IR or dispersive instruments

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | 25 Reflection ATR

25 Reflection ATR

The 25 Reflection Variable Incidence ATR (P/NGS11000) is a vertically mounted ATR crystal accessory capable of being operated for a crystal incidence angle of between 30º to 60º.The angle of incidence for the crystal is quicklyand easily selected by rotation of a knurled adjustment screw. This moves the sample holderand crystal assembly to the correct positionwhen the back face of the holder is in line withthe required angle setting as indicated on thegraduated plate.

The standard crystal holder (P/N GS11001) supplied with the ATR Accessory is for solid samples, but a liquids holder (P/N GS11003) anda paste holder (P/N GS11002) are available on request. Although the sample holder and crystalassembly can be positioned between the anglesof 30º to 60º, it is only when the holder and crystal assembly are correctly aligned at the 45ºangle, that 25 internal reflections are obtainedwithin the crystal. Sufficient sample is required tocover both faces of the trapezium shaped crystalfor 25 reflection events to be measured.

The ATR Accessory is supplied with a KRS-5crystal as standard, but a variety of crystal materials such as ZnSe, Ge and Si are availableto extend the sample handling and study capabilities of the accessory.

The IR beam is directed through and collectedfrom the crystal by four mirrors which are adjustable for both their rotation and tilt. The accessory is supplied with a standard 3” x 2”mounting plate that allows it to be positioned inthe spectrometer sample compartment using theinstruments own 3” x 2” mounting baseplate. In addition, the accessory is supplied with a support foot that is used in one corner of thebase. The foot is adjustable for height to providemechanical stability of the accessory whilst in thesample compartment. A thumb nut locks the footin position.

Ordering information25 Reflection Variable Incidence Angle ATRGS11000 Includes: Solids holder and KRS-5

crystal (45°)

Options

GS11001 Solids holder for 25 Reflection ATR

GS11002 Paste holder for 25 Reflection ATR

GS11003 Liquid holder for 25 Reflection ATR


GS11004 KRS-5 crystal (45°)

GS11006 Ge crystal (45°)

GS11009 Si crystal (45°)

GS11014 ZnSe crystal (45°)

GS11008 PTFE gaskets (1 large, 1 small) for liquid holder (5 sets)

• Variable angle of incidence (30º - 60º)

• 25 Reflections

• Suitable for both FT-IR and dispersive instruments

• Two pin sample location on sample mount

• Standard 3” x 2” slide mounting

• Choice of crystal materials; KRS-5 as standard

• Interchangeable sample holders (solids, liquids and pastes)

• Solids

• Liquids

• Pastes

• Variable depth studies for coatings and films

Key Features

Applications

68


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | The Selector™

69

The Selector™

An expandable diffuse reflectance sampling system that can change with your applications

The Selector™

Diffuse reflectance is based upon the collectionof radiation that has been diffusely scatteredfrom the sample. The Specac Selector™ uses anoptimized off axis optics configuration which selectively collects the diffusely reflected components, whilst minimizing the specular component.

Various sampling cups are offered including astandard 11 mm diameter cup, a micro 4 mm diameter cup, and tilted cups. The tilted cupsallow for collection of total reflectance, diffuseand specular components. In addition, an abrasive sampler, 12 mm diameter, can be usedwith Diabrase pads to allow quick and easy sample preparation of intractable solids.

The abrasive pad is simply rubbed against thesample of interest and mounted in the Selector™

accessory. The Selector™ is mounted on its ownbaseplate. The off-axis design allows room forthe use of specialist alternative configurations.

The Environmental Chamber option (see nextpage) extends the sampling capabilities of theSelector™.

Ordering informationThe Selector™ Diffuse Reflectance SystemGS19900 The Selector™ includes optical

unit with dedicated baseplate

Micro sample cup (4mm diameter)

2 Standard cups (11mm diameter)

Diabrase abrasive sample pads 12mm diameter (20)

2 Mounts for abrasivesample pads

Tilted cup for total reflectance

measurements

(Please specify spectrometer make and model)

• Diffuse or total reflectance capabilities

• Minimal alignment

• Easy sample handling

• Macro, micro and tilted cups

• Diabrase synthetic diamond abrasive pads

• Sampling expandability via special baseplate option

• Powders

• Intractable solids

• Liquid samples as a dispersion over KBr matrix

Key Features

Applications


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Environmental Chamber

70

Environmental Chamber option for The Selector™

Environmental Chamber

This accessory allows for the study of diffuselyreflecting solid samples in a controlledatmosphere ranging from ambient temperatureto 800°C, and vacuum (10-3 Torr) to 500 p.s.i.pressure.

The standard chamber window is ZnSe, whichgives a good balance between IR transmissionand mechanical strength. Other opticaltransmitting windows are available on request.The body is constructed from 316 stainless steelfor ruggedness and chemical resistance. Safety features include a low voltage automaticpower supply and an automatic shut-downfeature, should the temperature sensor detect an overheating fault.

A water cooling jacket keeps the outside of thechamber cool when operating at hightemperatures and a safety “burst disk” activateswhenever the pressure exceeds therecommended safety limit.

The Environmental Chamber, in conjunction withthe Selector™, is ideal for use in chemicalresearch such as kinetics, catalysis, surfaceanalysis, polymerization and co-ordination chemistry.

Ordering informationEnvironmental ChamberGS19930 Environmental Chamber and

High Stability Controller with RS232 interface.

Please specify spectrometer make and model.Please specify 220V or 110V & country of usage

Options




The Selector™ - Spares & Consumables

GS03610 KBr powder (50g)

GS19915 4mm diameter micro cup forthe Selector™

GS19916 11mm diameter standard cupfor the Selector™

GS19917 Tilted cup for total reflectancemeasurements

GS19918 Abrasive pad sample mountfor the Selector™

GS19919 Diabrase abrasive sample pads 12mm diameter for Selector™ (100)

GS19931 Environmental Chamber ESK

GS19934 Spare ZnSe housing

• Programmable controlled temperatures to 800ºC

• Operates from vacuum (10-3 Torr) to high pressure (500 psi)

• Provides controlled atmosphere (gas inlet and outlet)

• Extensive safety features

Key Features

ELECTRIC VACUUM WATER 5 ltr

ESK COMMS GAS


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Minidiff Plus

71

Minidiff™ PlusA diffuse reflectance accessory for routine analysis

Minidiff™ Plus

For routine diffuse reflectance sampling,the Minidiff™ Plus is the ideal accessory of choice. High performance solids analysis is made simplethrough a minimal alignment optical system. Solidsampling versatility is maintained through the useof standard sampling cups and Diabrase abrasivesampling pads. The sample introduction systemreduces the risk of sample spillage, with up to 3samples being loaded at the same time. TheBenchmark™ baseplate mounting provides consistent, stable and reliable positioning of theaccessory in the spectrometer.

Ordering informationMinidiff™ Plus Diffuse Reflectance AccessoryGS04510 Includes: Optical unit

and baseplate

Abrasive sample holders with3 mounts (2)

Sample cup holders with3 cups (2)

Diabrase abrasive pads(9mm diameter) (20)

KBr Powder (50g)

Pestle and Mortar

Spares and ConsumablesGS03610 KBr powder (50g)

GS04505 Sample cup holders with3 cups (2)

GS04506 Diabrase abrasive pads(9mm diameter) forMinidiff Plus (100)

GS04508 Abrasive sample holders with3 mounts (2)

• Pre-aligned mirrors

• Easy sample handling

• Diabraze sampling

• Benchmark™ baseplate mounted

• Micrometer focusing adjustment

• Powders

• Intractable solids

• Liquid samples as a dispersion over KBr matrix

Key Features

Applications


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Monolayer/Grazing Angle Specular Reflectance Accessory

72

Monolayer/Grazing Angle Specular Reflectance Accessory

Monolayer/Grazing AngleSpecular Reflectance Accessory

The Monolayer/Grazing Angle SpecularReflectance Accessory P/N GS19650 is a dualpurpose sampling device designed to provide themeans of in-situ FTIR monolayer investigation offilms at an air/liquid interface and grazingincidence angle measurements of thin filmcoatings on solid reflective surfaces. Theaccessory can be easily converted from oneform to the other by simple changeover of theappropriate sample holder.

The range of grazing incident angles availablewith this accessory are from 8º to 85º with nostray light, on most spectrometer systems.Aperture stops are provided to redefine thebeam profile, for prime position on samples at ornear grazing angles, to enhance theperformance.

In the monolayer mode a variety of monolayersystems including surfactants, proteins,detergents, oils, polymers and phospholipids inbiological membranes can be studied in theirnative environment for information such assolvation, molecular orientation, configurationand phase transition. A special liquid samplingtrough, fabricated in PTFE, is used to contain thesample of interest. A rotatable polarizer mountand surface film stretching device are provided toaid in the studies. Any of Specac’s P/N GS12000series polarisers can be placed into the polarizermount. The polarizer substrate chosen willdetermine the frequency range that can beobserved in the Mid IR.

• Grazing angle capability

• Monolayer analysis

• Continuously variable incidence angles from 8º - 85º (dependant on spectrometer)

• Volume of trough 8.9ml

• Sample size 85 x 22mm liquid & 140 x 35mm solid

• Built-in polarizer mount

• Aperture stop facility for controlling the sampled area

• Liquid film compression/expansion capability

• Inert PTFE sample trough (liquids)

Key Features

• Reflection-absorption spectra of solids

• Langmuir-Blodgett films

• Surfactant studies

• Liquids in biological membranes

• Semi-conductors

• Paints

• Resins

• Polymer coatings

• Matt surfaced samples

• Molecular orientation of surfaces

Applications


www.specac.com

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Monolayer/Grazing Angle Ordering Information

73

For solid surface sampling, an alternative flatsampling stage is used within theMonolayer/Grazing Angle accessory in place ofthe liquid sampling trough.

An important point about the sampling arearequirement for the monolayer grazing angleaccessory is that it is chiefly dependent on theincident angle of the beam of light beingprojected to the sample surface.

Whether it is a liquid sample or a solid surface,as the angle gets shallower (i.e. towards the 85degree maximum for monolayer experiments)the spread of light across the surface gets largeras the elliptical shaped pool of light gets longer.You therefore need a longer and thinner samplesize area to make use of the available light, tomaximise a sample signal. At grazing angles theamount of specularly reflected light can be verylow in intensity and hence Specac would normallyrecommend that a sensitive detection systemsuch as an MCT detector is used for measurement.

For liquid samples, the maximum length andwidth for a liquid surface is limited to 85mm and22mm respectively. For the solid samplingplatform, the maximum length of sample that canbe accommodated is 140mm and the maximumwidth is 35mm.

The Monolayer/Grazing Angle accessory isbaseplate mounted within a spectrometersample compartment and an appropriatebaseplate or fixings are supplied when orderedfor a specific spectrometer system. It is notcompatible for attachment to a Benchmark™ stylebaseplate. However, in the majority of instances,the Monolayer Grazing Angle accessory can beadapted for use in a different spectrometer sample compartment by simple changeover tothe appropriate baseplate.

Ordering informationMonolayer/Grazing Angle AccessoryGS19650 Includes: Optical unit with

baseplate

Horizontal sample stage

Aperture stops

Polarizer mount

PTFE sample trough

Suitable for most spectrometers – please specifymake and model


GS19662 PTFE trough for monolayermode samples

GS19663 Aperture stops and holder for the Monolayer/Grazing Angleaccessory


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Specular Reflectance Accessory 30°For surface analysis of solids by specular reflectance

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specular Reflectance Accessory 30°

Specular Reflectance Accessory 30°

Specular reflectance is a non-destructive methodfor surface measurements using a mirror-like reflection from the shiny or semi-matt surface ofa sample. Specular reflectance occurs when thereflected angle of infrared radiation equals theangle of incidence. The amount of light reflecteddepends on the angle of incidence, the refractiveindex, surface roughness and absorption properties of the sample.

The fixed angle specular reflectance accessoryP/N GS19820 allows for a beam of radiation at afixed angle of 30 degrees incidence to fall uponthe surface of a solid material, in order to gain

spectroscopic information on any surface layersof the flat solid sample. (Liquids or gums etc cannot be analyzed due to the orientation of thesample).

The solid sample is inverted and placed over theaperture at the top of the accessory. The incidentbeam is projected from a fixed mirror block surface to the sample surface and is specularlyreflected from the sample surface back to thefixed mirror block and then directed to the detector. The sample spectral collection is carried out after a reference spectrum has beencollected using the reference mirror (supplied) inplace of the sample. There are two differentaperture stops (5mm and 10mm diameter) thatcan be used to mask down the area of study onthe sample if desired. The sample sits flat overthe aperture and its size is necessarily limited bythe dimensions of the sample compartment andthe size of the aperture stop chosen.

The accessory is installed within a spectrometerusing a Benchmark™ type baseplate and so when ordering, you need to state which spectrometer is to be used to receive the appropriate baseplate.

Ordering InformationFixed Angle Specular Reflectance for FT-IR Spectrometers

GS19820 Fixed Angle Specular Reflectance for FT-IR Spectrometers

Includes: Optical unitReference mirrorSample aperture masks(5mm and 10mm diameter)

74

• 30º fixed angle• Convenient horizontal sample position (20.8mm diameter full aperture)• Accommodates powder samples• Suitable for dispersive and large beam FT-IR• Minimal alignment

Key Features

• Analysis of surface coatings (polymer, optical)• Local analysis of defects and inclusions• Fragile samples

Applications


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accessoriesfor samplepreparation


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Sample Preparation - Introduction

76

Accessories for Sample Preparation

This section of the catalogue is concerned withaccessories that are used for the preparation ofsamples prior to transmission or reflectancespectroscopy measurements.

Classically, hydraulic presses and dies are used tomake pellet disks from a pre-ground mixture ofKBr and sample. However, the hydraulic pressescan be adapted for use in other applications.

For instance, they can be used in conjunction

with heated platens and film making systems forthe production of a wide range of solid/film typesamples.

Specac produces a wide range of samplemounts from simple cards to X-Y stages.

In addition, Specac offers comprehensive sampling kits that combine all the vital parts andaccessories you need to analyze virtually anysample by IR Spectroscopy.

Accessories for Sample Preparation - IntroductionSpecac manufactures a comprehensive range of accessories for sample preparation


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Press Choice - Introduction

77

Specac makes a variety of hydraulic presses fora wide range of pressing applications. There isalso a range of accessories that can be usedwithin the presses themselves, for the formationand preparation of particular sample types priorto analysis by techniques such as Infrared or X-Ray spectroscopy. The Specac accessories thatcan be used within the presses are evacuablepellet dies, heated platens and film maker systems.

The Specac presses themselves can be categorised as manual or automatic operatedpress systems. For manual operation this involves building up the pressure on the systemand hence the load that can be applied by handpumping the press, whereas an automatic pressis the build up of pressure on the system and application of a load via pushing of a button.There are different versions of automatic pressesand they can be further categorised as to theirmode of operation and functionality.

Each press can be specifically chosen to fulfil aparticular application dependent principally on theload range that can be applied. The load isapplied according to the operation and the waythat the load is applied is due to the functionalityof the press.

Further to the functionality in respect of theAtlas™ Auto or Power presses, incorporated intothe pressing mechanism are compression discsprings that allow for a slow release of any loadto the sample pressing procedure.

In the compression process the disc springs willbe initially compressed before full resistance ismet to stop the travel of the piston.

When any stored load is released the discsprings will relax to their non-compressed stateand hence provide for a slow release of a fullload. For some samples, a slow load releasehelps to keep the sample in a compacted stateand to minimise risk of fracture.

Specac presses are designed to apply aspecific load to a sample, but it is actually the accessory itself within the press that determinesthe specific pressure applied to the sample.

To give an example, if a 13mm evacuable pelletdie P/N GS03000 filled with a powder sample isplaced within a 15 ton manual hydraulic press P/NGS15011, an applied load of 10 tons (i.e. 22400lbs) is being spread over an area of 132.73 mm2(or 0.205 in2 ). This equates to a pressure of

109,268 lbs per square inch or 48.78 tons persquare inch.

Similarly, when a film maker accessory (P/N’sGS15640 or GS15800) is placed in a press,the load is being spread over an area of film of660.51 mm2, the films being produced having a29mm diameter. During this method of filmpreparation from a melted sample, a load of 1 to2 tons is usually sufficient to apply an appropriatepressure to the sample.

Press Choice - IntroductionA concise and easy to understand guide on which Specac Press to choose

The following table categorizes our press range

Press Accessories

PressName

PartNumber Type

Pressure System (Fluid)

Operation To Apply Load

FunctionalityTo Apply Load

Load Range In Tons

Atlas™ Manual 15T GS15011 Manual Oil (Renolin CL37) Hand Pump Manual 1 to 15

Atlas™ Manual 25T GS25011 Manual Oil (Renolin CL37) Hand Pump Manual 1 to 25

Atlas™ Power 8T GS25400 Automatic Oil (Renolin CL37) Button Press Power Assisted 1 to 8



Atlas™ Auto 8T GS25440 Automatic Oil (Renolin CL37) Button Press ProgrammableAutomatic

1 to 8


2 to 15


3 to 25


4 to 40


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Atlas™Manual Hydraulic Press - 15T & 25T Easy to use, rugged and durable Hydraulic Presses suitable for a wide range of applications

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Manual Hydraulic Press - 15T & 25T

Atlas™Manual Hydraulic Press 15T & 25T

The Atlas™ 15T and 25 T Manual HydraulicPresses have been designed to handle a widevariety of pressing applications. They are specifically suited to the preparation of KBr discsusing the Specac Evacuable Pellet Die assembly.

The Atlas™ Presses can also be used with SpecacHeated Platens for applications such as thepreparation of thin polymer films.

Ordering InformationGS15011 Atlas™ 15T Manual Hydraulic Press

GS25011 Atlas™ 25T Manual Hydraulic Press


GS15100 Seals and Gaskets Kit for 15 and 25 Ton Presses

GS15101 Hydraulic Oil for 15 and 25 Ton Presses (1 litre)

Options / Associated products

GS15051 Gauge Conversion Kit 0-1 Ton



Specifications

Max height (at handle) 610mm

Max width 310mm

Max depth 190mm

Weight 50kg

Lower piston stroke 25.4mm

Upper bolster screw travel 89mm

Minimum distance between pressing faces 38mm

Maximum distance between pressing faces 152mm

Lower pressing face diameter 86mm

Upper pressing face diameter 32mm

Max width of sampling

Area (side-to-side) 134mm

Max Depth of Sampling

Area (back-to-front) 141mm

Advanced Solid Pack is also available (see Page 100)

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• Polycarbonate safety guards

• Adjustable upper bolster

• Adjustable pressure control valve

• Vacuum Ports

• Pressure release valve

• Gauges for low pressure applications (0-1, 0-2, 0-5 Tons optional)

Key Features


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Low Tonnage Conversion Kit for Atlas™

15T Manual Hydraulic Press

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Low Tonnage Conversion Kit

The standard 0 to 15 ton manual hydraulic pressP/N GS15011 can be operated to apply up to a 15ton maximum load. On the press itself there is apressure relief valve (located under the loadgauge) which can be set to "vent off" any excesspressure in the pumping system such that amaximum load setting can be selected on thepress. This maximum load is indicated on thestandard 0 to 15 ton load gauge. Hence, if thispressure relief valve is adjusted accordingly, thenit is possible to build up a pressure that corresponds to e.g. a maximum of 5 tons load asindicated at the 15 ton load gauge.

Any further pulls on the pump handle of the pressresults in this excess pressure being vented offat the pressure release valve. In this way it actsas a safety device to prevent overloading to asample (or die assembly) in the pressing area.

The low tonnage gauge conversion kits, 0 to 1tons (P/N GS15051), 0 to 2 tons (P/NGS15052) and 0 to 5 tons (P/N GS15055) provide an additional load gauge to be usedalong with the standard 15 ton load gauge on thepress. The appropriate gauge kit is fitted by the customer to allow both gauges to be connectedto the press. The lower tonnage gauge can beisolated from the system but any pressure of oilin the system will always be registered at the 15ton gauge. The lower tonnage load gauge hasfiner divisions for reading of an applied load so ifit is important to know that you are applying say4.1 tons as opposed to say possibly 4.5 tons,then the 0 to 5 ton load gauge reading may berequired. But, the press itself could only be

operated up to a maximum load allowable withthe low tonnage gauge switched on line for reading. As a precaution it is recommended tohave the pressure release valve set at the lowtonnage gauge load maximum to prevent possible damage to the lower tonnage gaugeshould it accidentally not be isolated from its ownvalve tap.

Therefore, in essence the 15 ton press will allowyou to apply any load up to 15 tons to a sampleor an evacuable pellet die in the pressing area.However, if a finer reading of the load applied upto a maximum of 5 tons is required, then the additional gauge kit P/N GS15055 can be fittedto the press.

The low ton gauges available for the 15 ton manual hydraulic press and their divisions are:-

0 to 1 ton gauge - gauge divisionsevery 0.05 tons load.



As the gauges are analogue (needle pointers)it should be possible to read a value betweenthese divisions, hence for a 0 to 1 ton gaugeevery 0.025 tons and so on.

Ordering InformationGS15051 Gauge Conversion Kit 0-1 Ton



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Atlas™Power Press - 8T, 15T & 25T

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Power Press - 8T, 15T & 25T

Atlas™ Power Press 8T, 15T & 25T

The Atlas™ Series Power Presses 8T, 15T & 25T,are power assisted hydraulic presses operatingto 8 Tons, 15 Tons & 25 Tons respectively. Theyhave been designed to handle a wide variety of pressing applications, including XRF and IR sample preparation. All Presses are fully compatible with Specac dies and other samplepreparation accessories.

The presses enable the controlled applicationand release of applied load and can accommodate large samples up to 200mm in diameter. The LCD display shows press statusand load conditions giving a digital display ofload applied.

The power unit is extremely quiet and operatesbelow 62dB(A). Fitted with PETG safety guards

as standard, the Atlas™ Series Power Pressesare fully CE marked to comply with strict European regulations.

The Atlas™ Series Power Presses have a generous working distance of up to 155mm between the pressing faces and are suitable forthe preparation of KBr discs for infrared analysisusing Specac evacuable pellet dies. They canalso be used with heated platens for applicationsincluding the preparation of thin polymer film substrates.

The Atlas™ Series Power Presses are durable,easy to use and ideal for repetitive pressing operations at higher loads when used in conjunction with Atlas™ Series LightweightDies for x-ray fluorescence sample preparation.

Specifications 8T 15T 25T

Max. Piston Load 8 Tons 15 Tons 25 TonsDigital Display (.5 Ton steps)1-8 TonsDigital Display (.5 Ton steps) 2-15 TonsDigital Display (1 Ton steps) 3-25 Tons

Specifications 8T, 15T & 25T

Top Bolster Diameter 32mmTop Lead Screw Vertical travel 90mmRam (Piston) Bolster Diameter 83mmRam (Piston) Stroke 24mmMax/Min Pressing Faces Dist. 155mm - 40mmSample Area (Dia x Ht) 220mm Dia x 155mmBase Footprint (W x D) 425mm x 405mmHeight (without lead screw) 500mmHeight 545mm - 640mmOil Type Tellus 37Oil Reservoir Capacity 0.6 litresWeight 95Kg

Ordering Information8T 15T 25T

GS25400 GS25430 GS25420 UK/Europe (230v, 50Hz)

GS25401 GS25431 GS25421 USA (110v, 60Hz)

GS25402 GS25432 GS25422 Japan (100v, 50/60Hz)

GS25403 GS25433 GS25423 China (230v, 50Hz)

GS25404 GS25434 GS25424 Korea (220v, 60Hz)

Atlas™ Series Dies Max. Load

GS25410 Lightweight 32mm Die 25 Tons

GS25411 Lightweight 40mm Die 25 Tons

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• Microprocessor controlled pressure application and release

• Large working distance between pressing surfaces

• Fully CE Marked

• Low noise operation

• Liquid crystal digital display

• Multi-lingual display option

• Integral high clarity PETG safety Guards

• Fully compatible with Specac sample preparation accessories

Key Features

ELECTRIC

W


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Atlas™Auto Press - 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Auto Press - 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

Atlas™ Auto Press - 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

The Atlas™ Auto Presses 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T are programmable, microprocessor controlled,power assisted hydraulic presses, operating to 8 Tons, 15 Tons, 25 Tons and 40 Tons respectively. They have been designed for awide variety of pressing applications includingXRF and IR sample preparation. All presses arefully compatible with Specac dies and othersample preparation accessories.

The Presses enable the controlled applicationand release of an applied load, accommodatingsamples up to 200mm in diameter. The appliedload can be maintained indefinitely, or to a specific time via user programmable functionality.

The graphic display shows the press programstatus and load conditions providing a digital display of load applied, together with an end ofcycle alarm/indicator.

The power unit is extremely quiet and operatesbelow 62dB.

Fitted with PETG safety guards as standard theAtlas™ Auto Presses are fully CE marked to comply with strict European regulations.

The Atlas™ Auto Presses have a generous working distance of up to 155mm between thepressing faces and are suitable for the preparation of KBr discs for infrared analysisusing Specac evacuable pellet dies. They canalso be used with the Atlas™ Heated Platens forapplications including the preparation of thepolymer film substrates.

The Atlas™ Auto Presses are simple to use andprogram via the use of screen symbols andprompts. Options include user selectable languages and load units. The Presses durabilityare ideal for applications such as X-ray fluorescence sample preparation using Atlas™

Series Lightweight Dies.

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• Programmable microprocessor controlled pressure application and release

• Simple user operation procedures via symbols and prompts

• Maintain load applied from automatic “top up”

• Graphics display with LED backlight control

• End of cycle alarm or indication

• Integral high clarity PETG safety guards

• Fully CE marked

• Fully compatible with Specac sample preparation accessories

Key Features


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Atlas™Auto Press - 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Auto Press - 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

Ordering Information8T

GS25440 UK/Europe (230v, 50Hz)GS25441 USA (110v, 60Hz)GS25442 Japan (100v, 50/60Hz)GS25443 China (230v, 50Hz)GS25444 Korea (220v, 60Hz)

15T


25T


40T


Atlas™Series Dies Max. LoadGS25410 Lightweight 32mm Die 25 Tons GS25411 Lightweight 40mm Die 25 Tons

Specifications

Max. Piston Load

8T 15T 25T 40T

8 Tons 15 Tons 25 Tons 40 Tons

8T Digital Display (.2 Ton Steps) 1-8 Tons




Specifications 8T, 15T, 25T & 40T

Top Bolster Diameter 32mmTop Lead Screw Vertical travel 90mmTop Lead Screw Vertical travel 80mm (40T)Ram (Piston) Bolster Diameter 82mmRam (Piston) Stroke 24mmRam (Piston) Stroke 38mm (40T)Max/Min Pressing Faces Dist. 155mm - 40mmMax/Min Pressing Faces Dist. 140mm - 60mm (40T)Sample Area (Dia. x Hgt) 220mm x 155mmSample Area (Dia. x Hgt) 240mm x 220mm (40T)Base Footprint (W x D) 425mm x 405mmBase Footprint (W x D) 430mm x 405mm (40T)Height (without lead screw) 500mmHeight (without lead screw) 550mm (40T)Height (Lead Screw At Min. & Max. DistancesBetween Pressing Faces) 545mm - 640mmHeight (Lead Screw At Min. & Max. DistancesBetween Pressing Faces) 580mm - 660mm (40T)Oil Type Tellus 37Oil Reservoir Capacity 0.6 litres & 1litre (40T)Weight 95Kg & 130Kg (40T)

Communication Type USBDisplay Units Tons, Tonnes, US TonsHold Times 0.1 to 99 minutes and infinityOptimised Release Rates Fast, Medium, SlowStored Programs 6 Maximum Program Segments 10

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ELECTRIC


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Mini-Pellet Press

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Mini-Pellet Press A cost effective hydraulic press solution for FTIR pellet preparation.

Mini-Pellet Press

The Specac Mini-Pellet Press is an innovative lowcost solution for the pressing of 7mm KBr pellets.Designed for use on a laboratory bench top, thisdedicated KBr pellet press enables the user tocreate consistently high quality KBr pellets fortransmission FTIR analysis.

Incorporating full hydraulic operation, theMini-Pellet Press enables the user to apply therequired load for sample preparation through thesimple rotation of a load knob. An integratedpressure gauge enables the user to apply areproducible load resulting in high quality KBrpellets suitable for quantitative studies. With arugged and durable design and an innovativesealed hydraulic unit, the press is intendedfor daily laboratory use with maintenancefree operation.

The dedicated 7 mm diameter Pellet DieAssembly is shaped to securely locate onto thelower piston of the press and includes a pelletring in which the sample pellet is heldafter pressing.

Once the KBr pellet is pressed this pellet ring issimply placed onto the special samplecompartment mount, locating the sample directlyinto the IR beam for analysis.

The press is designed to be used on a laboratorybench top, but is small in size and light enough inweight to allow it to be moved to different pointsof use or stored when not required.

The Specac Mini-Pellet Press is also available aspart of a Basic Solid Pack.

This is equipped with a range of sample preparation components necessary for FTIR solidsample analysis by transmission, including: theMini-Pellet Press, a 7mm Pellet Die Assembly,7mm Disc Holder for a standard 3” by 2” mount,a pair of spare Pellet Ring Holders, a Pestle andMortar, and KBr Powder (50g).

• Hydraulic operation enables all users to make high quality KBr pellets

• Integrated pressure gauge ensures consistent pellet quality

• Fast and simple process to get from sample to IR results

• Simple operation requires minimal training

• Small and lightweight

• Low cost of ownership

Key Features


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Mini-Pellet Press

84

Basic Solid Pack featuring the Mini-Pellet Press A cost effective solution for FTIR pellet preparation.

Ordering InformationMini-Pellet Press Kit

GS01150 Basic Solid Pack

Mini-Pellet Press Parts

GS03940 Mini-Pellet Press

GS03950 7mm Pellet Die Assembly

GS03960 3”x2” Slide Mounts for 7mm pellet ring holder

Mini-Pellet Press Spares and Consumables

GS03951 Pair of Spare Ring Holders

GS03600 Pestle and Mortar

GS03610 KBr Powder (50g)

Mini Pellet Press Specifications

Maximum Load - 2 Tons

Pellet Die Diameter - 7 mm

Maximum space between pressing faces - 50mm

Minimum space between pressing faces - 12mm

Piston Stroke - 0.5mm

Die Assembly - hardened 440ºC stainless steel

Upper pressing area(top lead screw diameter) - 17.0mm

Lower pressing area (piston diameter) - 21.6mm

Dimension (ex. lead screws)LxHxW - 110x200x155mm

Dimension (inc. lead screws)LxHxW - 110x265x215mm

Weight - 4.2Kg

How to Press a KBr Pellet

Pellet preparation involves the use of a 7mmPellet Die Assembly.

1) The sample material is blended with KBr (orother halide salt) powder and loaded into a pelletring holder and anvil die assembly.

2) This assembly is then placed over the Mini-Pellet Press piston, the top lead screw islowered, and a load applied.

3) After compressing the sample into atransparent pellet, the pellet ring holder can thenbe placed on a 3” by 2” slide-mounted discholder 4) directly in the spectrometer for analysisor, if necessary, the formed pellet can beremoved from the ring holder and stored forlater analysis.

1) 2) 3) 4)


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Atlas™ Evacuable Pellet DiesProduction of high quality sample pellets from 5mm to 40mm diameter

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Evacuable Pellet Dies

Atlas™Evacuable Pellet Dies

Specac manufactures a wide range of high-quality Atlas Series Evacuable Pellet Dies suitablecompacting powdered samples into discs or briquettes. These are particularly well suited forthe preparation of solid KBr pellets for FTIR molecular spectroscopic analysis and XRF pelletsfor X-Ray Fluorescence atomic spectroscopicanalysis (as required by a number of USLP andASTM methods), but also find use in a broadrange of other applications. Atlas SeriesEvacuable Pellet Dies are typically used in conjunction with the Specac’s Atlas Series of Hydraulic Press Products.

These Evacuable Pellet Dies produce circular pellets in sizes from 5 mm to 40 mm diameter asstandard, but other shapes and sizes are available on request. These pellet dies cover arange of load capabilities. For optimum qualityand durability of the pellet die, all parts are manufactured from hardened stainless steel, andsurfaces that come in contact with the sampleare highly polished.

Each Pellet Die comprises of an evacuable base,body, plunger, set of pellets, extractor ring, and O Ring Kit. An evacuation port is provided for removal of moisture, if desired, during thepressing process.

The range of Evacuable Pellet Dies supplied asstandard are:-

GS03060 Atlas™5mm evacuable pellet die (Max load 2.0 Tons)

GS03100 Atlas™ 10mm evacuable pellet die (Max load 5.0 Tons)

GS03000 Atlas™ 13mm evacuable pellet die (Max load 10.0 Tons)




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• Hardened Stainless Steel

• Highly polished pellets

• Evacuable for sample pellet clarity and quality

• Vacuum pump kit for moisture free pressing (optional)

Key Features

VACUUM


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Atlas™ Evacuable Pellet Dies Ordering InformationSpecifications

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Evacuable Pellet Dies

Die Spares

86

Atlas™Evacuable Pellet Dies Options

Size (dia) Die Pellet Holder

5mm GS3060 GS3400

10mm GS3100 GS3404

13mm GS3000 GS3410

20mm GS3165 GS3193*

32mm GS3300 GS3520*

40mm GS3290 GS3298*

*These pellet holders are sample retaining ringsonly and do not have a rectangular mounting plate.


GS3600 Agate Pestle and Mortar (Mortar Bowl dia. 4cm)


GS3460 Paper rings for 13mm die (11mm diameter aperture) (100)

GS3470 Micro frames for 13mm die (11mm x 2mm aperture) (100)

GS3475 Ultra Micro frames for 13mm die (4 x 1mm aperture) (100)

A+B = Plunger HeightC = Stainless Steel Pellet Height

(only 1 pellet in 3mm die).

D = Base Height

E = Diameter

A+B+C+D = Total Height of Die

Diameter Set ofPellets

Plunger Body Base ExtractorRing

O Ring Kit

5mm GS03061 GS03063 GS03064 GS03050 GS03069 GS03062

10mm GS03101 GS03103 GS03104 GS03050 GS03025 GS03102

13mm GS03010 GS03030 GS03040 GS03050 GS03025 GS03020

20mm GS03166 GS03168 GS03169 GS03191 GS03521 GS03167

32mm GS03310 GS03330 GS03340 GS03230 GS03521 GS03320

40mm GS03291 GS03293 GS03294 GS03295 GS03297 GS03292

Die Size 5mm 10mm 13mm 20mm 32mm 40mm

P/N GS03060 GS03100 GS03000 GS03165 GS03300 GS03290

A 13.7 16 16.0 21.4 21.4 21.4

B 38.8 19.1 19.1 35.8 35.8 35.8

C 12.7 12.7 12.7 19.1 19.1 19.1

D 22.2 22.7 22.2 27.8 27.8 27.8

E 50.8 50.8 50.8 68.3 68.3 95.3


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Lightweight Dies

87

Atlas™Lightweight Dies

VACUUM

Ordering InformationGS25410 Atlas™ 32mm Lightweight

Evacuable Pellet Die

GS25411 Atlas™ 40mm Lightweight Evacuable Pellet Die

GS25412 Atlas™ 32mm Evacuable Pellet Die Body

GS25413 Atlas™ 32mm Evacuable Pellet Die Plunger

GS25414 Atlas™ 32mm Evacuable Pellet Die Base

GS25415 Atlas™ 32mm Evacuable Pellet Die O-Ring Kit

GS25416 Atlas™ 40mm Evacuable Pellet Die Body

GS25417 Atlas™ 40mm Evacuable Pellet Die Plunger

GS25418 Atlas™ 40mm Evacuable Pellet Die Base

GS25419 Atlas™ 40mm Evacuable Pellet Die O-Ring Kit

Atlas Lightweight Dies

The Atlas™ Lightweight Evacuable Pellet Dieshave been specifically designed to work with therange of Atlas™ automatic presses up to a maximum load rating of 25 tons. The dies arealso compatible for use with Specac’s 15 and 25ton manual hydraulic presses.

The dies are made of 440C stainless steel andoffered to prepare pellet discs of 32mm (P/NGS25410) or 40mm (P/N GS25411) diametersize.

They are well suited for the preparation of solidpellets for study by X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy. When many samples are to beprepared for study, the physical effort required toload and remove an Atlas™ LightweightEvacuable Pellet Die into a press is greatly reduced, as the dies themselves are physicallysmaller and lighter in weight by comparison toconventional 32mm and 40mm diameter pelletdies. The 32mm die P/N GS25410 is approximately 1.8Kgs and the 40mm die P/NGS25411 is approximately 1.9kgs in weight. Bycomparison the 40mm pellet die P/N GS03290is close to 5.0kgs in weight.

To aid in the weight reduction there are no individual internal pressing pellets as with conventional dies and so a sample is compressed between the plunger and the basepiece of the die assembly. For this reason theplunger itself has a highly polished surface thatmakes contact with the sample. The highly polished face helps in producing an even surfaceto the sample pellet and in release of the samplefrom the die components.

The Atlas™ Lightweight Evacuable Pellet Dieshave an evacuation port and can be operatedusing a partial vacuum for the compression ofsamples into pellets that may be moisture sensitive.


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Specadie™

Produces KBr pellets without using a press

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specadie™

Specadie™

The Specadie™ accessory allows for the production of a solid KBr pellet for analysis byInfra Red spectroscopy without the need of aseparate press and die.

The Specadie™ consists of a die body and twobolts that each have a highly polished pressingface. In operation a ground KBr powder is placedin the die body and compressed between thetwo bolts that are tightened together. A KBr pellet of 8.5mm diameter is formed. The bolts arethen removed and the compressed KBr powderis retained inside the die body. The die body inturn acts as the pellet holder and is placed into aspectrometer via the Specadie™ holder 3” x 2”mount plate P/N GS03560

Ordering InformationSpecadie™

GS03550 Specadie™ with bolts and seals only

Specadie™Kit

GS03700 Includes: Specadie™

Specadie™ Holder

Bench mounted wrench (spanner)

Open ended wrench (spanner)

Spare set of bolts

Spare set of seals

Bottle of KBr powder (50g)

Spares and consumables

GS03560 Circular Specadie™ Holder

GS03570 Set of bolts

GS03590 Set of two open ended wrenches (spanners), 9/16” (14.3mm) and 1/2” (12.7mm) AF

GS03595 Bench mounted wrench (spanner)

GS03580 Set of seals


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• No press or pellet holder required

• Rapid sample preparation

• Evacuable for sample clarity and quality

• Halide pellets for IR analysis

Key Features

Applications

VACUUM


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Vacuum Pump SystemVacuum Pump System for Evacuable Dies

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Vacuum Pump System

Vacuum Pump System

The vacuum pump P/N GS03640 is a twostage vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuumto 0.05 Torr or better. It is an ideal vacuum pumpto use with the Specac Accessories that have thecapability of being operated under these vacuumconditions.

It is designed for normal starting in low temperature and low voltage conditions. (Typically temperatures at or above 5°C with a +/- 10% rated voltage.

An air passage prevents any pump oil from returning into the pipeline or vacuum vesselbeing pumped after the vacuum pump isstopped.

There is an inbuilt oil mist eliminating device and ithas an oil/gas separator at the air exhaust outletwhich removes any oil contamination in the airexhaust.

The pump operates at a high ultimate vacuumwith low noise.

Each vacuum pump has been factory tested forits vacuum pump speed in both CFM and micron units.

The vacuum pump GS03640 is supplied alongwith an appropriate kit of parts (a pressuregauge, vacuum tubing and particular connectingunions) compatible for immediate use with theappropriate Specac accessories.

Specifications

No of stages: 2

Free Air Displacement: 85 litres/min at 220 voltsoperation.

Ultimate vacuum: 15 microns.

Pump motor: 0.25 HP.

Pump speed: 2880 RPM (220Volts), 3440 RPM(110Volts).

Electrical connectivity: 220Volts/50Hz,110Volts/60Hz.

Oil capacity: 400mls.

Maximum operating temperature capability:80°C.

Minimum operating temperature capability: 1°C.

Overall width (side to side dimension): 150mm.

Overall length (front to back dimension): 350mm.

Overall height (to top of handle): 250mm.

Ordering InformationVacuum Pump System

GS03640 Vacuum Pump KitFor producing clear, moisture freesample pellets with the EvacuablePellet Dies.

Includes: Vacuum Pump (1x10-1 mbar), gauge& connector tube.

Please state 220V or 110V and country

GS03643 Vacuum Pump Oil (1 litre)

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VACUUM


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Atlas™Heated PlatensA quick and simple accessory for converting standard Hydraulic Presses to heatable versions

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Heated Platens

Atlas™ Heated Platens

The Atlas™ Heated Platens have been designedto provide heatable pressing surfaces compatiblewith all Specac Hydraulic Presses. The platensare easily installed by replacing the bolster fixingof the press by the top platen and placing the bottom platen over the lower pressing face ofthe press.

The platens have a large surface area, arerugged, durable and have full CE safety approval.They are fitted with a permanent thermocouplewhich monitors the temperature close to thepressing surface. The press connection ports arewater cooled which allows for an efficient heatingand cooling cycle.

The platens are controlled by a digital automatictemperature controller with a stability of ± 1ºC

Ordering InformationGS15515 Atlas™ Water Cooled Heated

Platens and AutomaticTemperature Controller with Digital Display.Includes 2 metres of 6mm id. PVC tubing and flow connectors.

Specify 220V or 110V and country of usage


GS15601 PTFE sheets 0.25mm thick for Water Cooled Heated Platens (10)

GS15512 Replacement heater set forPlatens (220V)

GS15522 Replacement heater set for Platens (110V)

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• Digital temperature display

• Controlled temperature to 300ºC with water cooling

• 15 Ton load bearing capacity

• CE Safety Approved

• 100mm diameter pressing surface

• Compatible with all Specac Hydraulic Presses

Key Features

ELECTRIC

W

WATER 12 ltr

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Atlas™ Constant Thickness and High Temp. Film-MakerFilm making systems to produce high quality, reproducible polymer films

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™ Constant Thickness and High Temp. Film-Maker

Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film-Maker

Specac make two types of film maker accessorythat are ideal for the preparation of thin films frompolymers materials. The films produced are29mm in diameter and can vary in thickness dueto use of a set spacing ring. Individual spacingrings are supplied for a nominal thickness of filmat 0.015, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.250 and 0.500millimeters. The principal difference between thetwo film maker accessories is the maximum operating temperature allowable by each one.

The Constant Thickness Film Maker AccessoryP/N GS15640 is designed to be used with theAtlas Heated Platens P/N GS15515 within a 15ton Manual Hydraulic Press P/N GS15011. However, the 25 Ton Manual Hydraulic Press P/N

GS25011, the Atlas Power T8 Press P/NGS25400 and Atlas Auto T8 Press P/NGS25440 can also be used with the AtlasHeated Platens P/N 15515 and Film Maker Accessory P/N GS15640.

The Atlas™ Heated Platens provide the temperatures necessary to melt a sample withinthe film maker accessory prior to compressionvia the press. The maximum temperature provided by the Atlas Heated Platens is 300°C,so any materials that have a melting point higherthan this are not suitable for forming into thinfilms using the Atlas™ Constant Thickness FilmMaker P/N GS15640. The specified maximumload limit for this accessory within the press is 4tons when indicated at the load gauge on theManual Hydraulic Presses and digital display onthe Atlas Power and Auto Presses. Typically a 1ton load gives acceptable results for film thickness.

Atlas™ High Temperature Film-Maker

The High Temperature Film Maker Accessory P/NGS15800 has a set of heated platens already incorporated into the film making part of the accessory and so the Atlas Heated Platens P/NGS15515 are not needed for use when P/NGS15800 is installed in a press. (The High Temperature Film Maker Accessory P/NGS15800 will fit into the same presses for useas the combination of P/N’s GS15515 andGS15640.)

The heated surfaces of P/N GS15800 are operable up to 400°C, so it is possible to makethin films of samples with melting points up to thistemperature in this film maker accessory. Themaximum load limit for this accessory is 2 tonswhen indicated at the load gauge on the ManualHydraulic Presses and digital display on the AtlasPower and Auto Presses, but similar to the

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• Up to 400ºC operation• 10 minute cycle time• CE Safety Approved• Integral heating and cooling• 2 Ton load limit• 0.015, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100, 0.250, 0.500mm films of 29mm diameter• Easy film release

Key Features - GS15800

• Up to 300ºC operation• 15 minute cycle time• 4 Ton load limit• 0.015, 0.025, 0.050, 0.100,0.250, 0.500mm films of 29mm diameter• Easy film release• Operates with Heated Platens P/N GS15515

Key Features - GS15640

P/N GS15640 P/N GS15800


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Atlas™Constant Thickness Film-MakerFilm making systems to produce high quality, reproducible polymer films

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™Constant Thickness Film-Maker Ordering Information

constant thickness film maker, acceptable results for film thickness is typically achieved at a1 ton load.

For samples that require at least a 300°C temperature to melt, the High Temperature FilmMaker Kit P/N GS15800 must be used. However,the combination of separate items as offered bythe Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker P/NGS15640 and the Atlas™ Heated Platens P/NGS15515 means that there can be more flexibility in use of these accessories. A presswith the Atlas™ Heated Platens can be used without the need of the Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker Accessory, if a heatedpressing surface is required for other purposes. The Atlas™ Heated Platens themselves can beused up to a maximum 15 ton applied load as indicated by the load gauge on the ManualPresses and to 8 tons applied load on the digitaldisplays of the Atlas™ Power and Auto T8 Presses.

Included in the Atlas™ Constant Thickness FilmMaker Accessory P/N GS15640 is a separatecooling chamber block. This cooling chamber is incorporated as part of the water cooling systemrequired for operation of the Atlas HeatedPlatens P/N GS15515. Use of the cooling chamber block can help in the speed of filmpreparation, because when the sample has beenmelted and compressed within the film makingplaten assembly (between the heated platens inthe press), the film making platen assembly canbe transferred from the press into the coolingchamber block. The time of transfer would bepart of the overall sample preparation regimeadopted, but typically could be at a temperature50°C lower than the temperature used for melting and compression of the sample. If thesample has melted and been compressed at200°C, when transferred to the cooling block at150°C, it will cool faster to ambient temperaturewhereby the film can be handled, rather thanwaiting for the Atlas™ Heated Platens to get coolenough to touch. If there is an additional filmmaker platen assembly available, this could nowbe placed into the Atlas™ Heated Platens and thenext film could be in preparation whilst the otheris cooling. This is a possible method of thin filmproduction that can only be achieved with theConstant Thickness Film Maker P/N GS15640due to its specific design.

In summary, the Atlas™High Temperature FilmMaker Accessory P/N GS15800 must be usedfor samples that melt between 300°C and 400°C.Either Film Maker Accessory can be used withsamples that melt up to 300°C, but there isgreater potential flexibility for use of a Press with

Atlas™ Heated Platens that are needed with theAtlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker P/N GS15640.

Ordering InformationFilm Maker Systems

GS15640 Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker

Includes: 0.015,0.025,0.050,0.100,0.250 and 0.500 mm spacer ringsAluminium foil discs 40mmdiameter (200)Specacards 10mm diameter clear aperture (20)Stainless steel forceps

GS15800 Atlas™ High Temperature Constant Thickness Film Maker

Includes: 0.015,0.025,0.050,0.100,0.250 and 0.500 mm spacer ringsAluminum disc foils 40mm diameter (200)Tool for making aluminum foil sample cupSpecacards 10mm diameter clear aperture (20)Stainless steel forcepsHigh stability digital temperature controller (400˚C)Non-drip water connectors

(Specify 220V or 110V and country of usage)

Constant Thickness Film Maker Kits

GS15631 Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker Kit I

Includes: Constant Thickness FilmMaker System (GS15640)Heated Platens and DigitalAutomatic Temperature Controller(300˚C) (GS15515)


GS15633 Atlas™ Constant Thickness Film Maker Kit II

Includes: Constant Thickness FilmMaker System (GS15640)Heated Platens and DigitalController (300ºC) (GS15515)15 Ton Manual Hydraulic Press (GS15011)

(Specify 220V or 110V and country of usage)Ordering information cont’d

92


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Atlas™High Temperature Constant Thickness Film-MakerFilm making systems to produce high quality, reproducible polymer films

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Atlas™High Temperature Film-Maker Ordering Information

Ordering Information cont’dAtlas™ High Temperature Constant ThicknessFilm-Maker Kit

GS15810 Atlas™ High Temperature ConstantThickness Film Maker Kit

Includes: High Temperature Constant Thickness Film Maker System (GS15800)15 Ton Manual Hydraulic Press (GS15011)


Spares and ConsumablesGS03800 10mm diameter aperture

Specacards (100)

GS03805 Nylon retaining rings for supporting elastic filmsamples (20)

GS03810 10mm x 25mm apertureSpecacards (100)

GS03820 Magnetic film holder

GS15627 40mm diameter aluminum foil discs (200)

GS15641 Constant Thickness Film Maker Replacement Cooling Block Assy

GS15642 Constant Thickness Film Maker Replacement Platen Assy

GS15629 Constant Thickness Film Maker Replacement Spacer Ring Set

GS15805 High Temperature Film Maker Replacement Spacer Ring Set

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WATER 5 ltr

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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Mini-Film Maker Kit

94

Mini-Film Maker Kit A dedicated polymer thin film making accessory for IR transmission analysis.

Mini-Film Maker Kit

The Specac Mini-Film Maker is designed to produce high-quality thin films of polymer andplastic materials for infrared transmission analysis.

This product enables quick and easy hot pressingof pellets and other sample forms from ambientto 250°C, to give constant and reproduciblethickness films over the range 50 to 500 micronswith a formed diameter of 15 mm.

The accessory consists of an integrated hydraulicpress, digital temperature controller, and heatedplatens, together with a lightweight film makerassembly.

This design allows the heated platens to bepre-heated and held at the melt-pointtemperature required for the sample. The filmmaker assembly is separately prepared with afew tens of milligrams of the sample material andappropriate sizing ring, before being introducedto the pre-heated platens.

After the film maker assembly has stabilised tothe preset temperature, a load of typically 0.5Tons is applied by rotating the press lead screwto hot press the film. On removal from the heatedpress, the low-thermal mass film maker assemblyquickly returns to ambient temperature on thecooling plate and the pressed film is removed.

The film can then be mounted in a 3 by 2 inchself adhesive card (Specacard) for infraredtransmission analysis. This process appreciablyshortens the film making process cycle timecompared with conventional methods and, inpractice, a cycle time of less than 5 minutes ispossible for producing a thin film.

The Specac Mini-Film Maker Kit includes theMini-Film Maker Press with integrated heatedplatens and digital temperature controller, a FilmMaker Assembly with Film Sizing Rings of 50, 100,250, and 500 microns, 200 pairs of AluminiumFoil Discs, a Cooling Plate, 100 Specacards, andStainless Steel Tweezers (Forceps).

A set of US, EU, and UK power leads is providedas standard.

Typical uses of this accessory include producingthin films for infrared quantitative analysis ofpolymers and plastics for regulatory orproduction quality assurance purposed, as wellas method development for process analysis.Other applications include thin film making fortensile strength studies.

• Quick and reproducible thin film production

• Sample melt points from ambient to 250°C

• Standard film sizing rings of 50, 100, 250 and 500 microns

• Dedicated film maker accessory with hydraulic press and integrated heated platens

Key Features


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Mini-Film Maker Kit

95

Mini-Film Maker Kit A dedicated polymer thin film making accessory for IR transmission analysis.

Ordering InformationMini-Film Maker Kit

GS03970 Mini-Film Maker Kit

Mini-Film Maker spares and consumables

GS03971 Mini-Film Maker Assembly (includes to platen assembly,shield, lower platen assembly,and set of sizing rings)

GS03972 Sizing rings set (50, 100, 250& 500 microns)

GS03973 Set of aluminium foil discs(200 pairs)

GS03974 Cooling Plate for Mini-Film Maker

GS03975 Mini-Film Maker Platen Set(includes top platen assembly,shield, and lower platen assembly)

GS03800 Specacards (pkt 100)10mm dia. aperture

GS15628 Stainless steel tweezers (forceps)

Mini-Film Maker Specifications

Maximum load - 2 Tons

Temperature range Ambient to - 250°C

Temperature control - 1°C steps

Thin film formed diameter - 15 mm

Thin film thickness 50, 100, 250 & 500 microns(nominal)

Press dimensions 104mm×198mm×197mm(W×H×L) (excluding lead screw)

Weight of press and controller - 5.7Kg

Supply voltage - 110/220V

Output voltage - 30V dc

Heater power - 35W

How to produce a thin film

Place the shield, selected sizing ring and smallerfoil on the lower assembly.

1) The sample is put into the middle of the foilbefore the larger foil and upper assembly areadded on top.

2) The whole assembly is placed between thepre-heated platen surfaces so that a tonnageload can be applied.

3) Once the sample has been compressed andremoved from the press, take apart theassembly and carefully peel the foils away fromthe film inside.

4) The film can then be put in a Specacard andplaced into the spectrometer for analysis.

1) 2) 3) 4)


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Specacards & Magnetic Film HolderFilm making systems to produce high quality, reproducible polymer films

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specacards & Magnetic Film Holder

Ordering InformationFilm Maker Systems

GS03800 Specacards 10mm diameter aperture (100)

GS03810 Specacards 25 x 10mmaperture (100)

GS03820 Magnetic Film Holder

96

• Self sealing adhesive coating (Specacard)

• Magnetic ring (Film Holder)

• Indexing space (Specacard)

• Clear aperture: 10mm diameter or 25 x 10mm (Specacard) 25mm diameter (Magnetic Film Holder)

• 3” x 2” Slide mounted

Key Features

P/N GS03800 P/N GS03810 P/N GS03820


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specamill™

97


GS06300 Agate spheres for Specamill™ (3)

GS06400 Stainless steel spheres for Specamill™ (3)

GS06500 Replacement Blade for Specamill™

GS06600 Replacement Clip for Specamill™

GS06700 Spare Capsule Holder for Specamill™

Specamill™

The Specamill™ grinding accessory is designed tomix a solid sample with an excess of KBr powderfor the preparation of powder samples prior tocompression into KBr pellets for IR study. It canalso be used in preparing samples for diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The target particle sizeof the sample is at least 0.025mm (if not smaller)to coincide with the wavelength of light in theclassical Mid IR region. Final particle size will depend specifically on the actual sample and themixture proportions and the amount of timebeing applied for the grinding process.

There are two capsule sets that can be usedwithin the Specamill™ grinding accessory P/NGS06000. One capsule set P/N GS06200 is anagate capsule set and the other P/N 6100 is astainless steel capsule set. Each set consists of acapsule body, stopper and three grinding ballsfabricated in the agate or stainless steel.

The reason for use of either set is principally dueto the difference in hardness of material. Agate,being a naturally occurring mineral is typically between 6 and 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness.Steel, depending on its fabrication and chemicalmake up, can vary from between 5 to 8.5 on thesame Mohs scale of hardness. The Specac stainless steel capsule set is typically of a Mohshardness of 7.5.

The capacity of each capsule is 3ml and the recommended filling volume is 30% (excludingspheres).

Ordering InformationSpecamill™

GS06000 Specamill™ (220V, 50Hz) UK

GS06001 Specamill™ (220V, 50Hz) EU

GS06800 Specamill™ (110V, 60Hz) US

The Specamill requires a capsule set

Capsule Sets

GS06100 Stainless steel capsulefor Specamill™

Includes Stainless steel stopper

Stainless steel spheres (3)

GS06200 Agate capsule for Specamill™

Includes Agate stopper

Agate spheres (3)

• Rapid grinding

• Choice of capsule and sphere materials

• Adjustable vibration

• Timer with manual override

Key Features

• Grinding and blending a wide variety of materials

• Sample preparation for KBr pellets

• Sample preparation for diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Applications

Specamill™

Provides efficient grinding and blending of solid materials

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Specacabinet™

Allows storage of hygroscopic infrared materials under controlled conditions

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specacabinet™

Specacabinet™

The Specacabinet™ is a drying cabinet suitablefor the storage of hygroscopic materials (such asIR cell windows or reference samples) and anyother accessories that require a moisture freestorage environment.

The Specacabinet™ is thermostatically controlledover the temperature range from ambient to80°C.

A drying agent is included with a colour indicatorallowing for a constant check on the humidity.

Ordering InformationGS19100 Specacabinet™ (220V, 50Hz) UK

GS19102 Specacabinet™ (220V, 50Hz) EU

98

• Thermostatically controlled up to 80ºC (stability ±0.5ºC)

• Sliding doors

• Size (L x W x H): Internal: 737x331x432mm External: 762x356x508mm

• Can be wall mounted

Key Features

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Thermostatic BathThermostatic baths for temperature control

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Thermostatic Bath

Thermostatic Bath

These thermostatic baths are designed to supplyaccurately temperature controlled fluid to anythermo-circulated accessory that requires temperature control. They can be used from ambient temperature up to 120°C. They can alsobe used with certain accessories that require asource of cooling water but are not able to besited near to a water source. In this case theheating system is not used and the integral pumpsimply circulates the water back to the bath.Note that the bath water will need to be replacedwith cold water at intervals dependant on theamount of heating being removed from the accessory. The 12 litre tank is recommended forthis application.

The baths consist of a digital immersion thermostat with a choice of two tank sizes (5 or12l). The immersion thermostat includes a powerful pump, timer function and a variable hightemperature alarm setting. The temperaturerange and heater power are automatically limitedaccording to the liquid type selected.

Ordering InformationGS11127 5 Litre Thermo Circulator with lid

GS11128 12 Litre Thermo Circulator with lid

99

• Temperature range: 0°C to 120°C

• Stability, stainless steel tanks @ 37°C +/- 0.02°C

• Uniformity, stainless steel tanks @ 37°C +/- 0.05°C

• Setting resolution: 0.1°C

• Display: 4 digit 13 mm LED

• Display resolution: 0.1°C

• Timer function: 1 to 9999 mins

• No. stored temperature values: 4

Specifications

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FT-IR Starter Kits - Modular Application PacksA versatile range of Starter Kits created with our core accessories.

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | FT-IR Starter Kits - Modular Application Packs

100

FTIR Core Starter Kits

Our versatile range of Starter Kits is built arounda set of core accessories whose performancehas been proven over many years in labs allaround the world.

Specac starter kits are ideal for those new toFTIR Spectroscopy. Each starter kit is configuredto include essential accessories offeringeverything that a spectroscopist will need toanalyse a wide range of samples.

The versatility of the starter kits is a result of themodular application packs that can be combinedinto a wide range of options to form a kit thatmeets the needs of the user.

Our application packs are built around a range ofkey accessories which have a proven trackrecord:

Liquid Pack: The versatile Omni Cell™ Systemis at the core of the Liquid Pack which containsall the essential accessories that aspectroscopist needs for the analysis of liquids,gums and pastes.

Basic Solid Pack: This pack is built around theMini-Pellet Press and includes all thenecessary tools for the preparation of 7mmdiameter KBr pellets. The Mini-Pellet Press’hydraulic operation enables the pressing of highquality KBr pellets and the integral pressuregauge ensures repeatability.

This lightweight, portable KBr sample press hasa small footprint and can be transported todifferent work stations or easily stored.

Advanced Solid Pack: The Specac 15TManual Hydraulic Press has been a workhorse inlaboratories around the world for many years andthe central accessory of the Advanced SolidsPack; the other accessories included in this packinclude everything required to produce 13mm KBr pellets.

Gas Pack: The Storm™ 10cm gas cell is theideal choice for measuring the infrared spectra ofconcentrated gases, gas mixtures and vapours(>1% levels). Also included in the Gas Pack areKBr windows, all necessary seals and acell mount.

ZnSe ATR: The flexibility of ATR is now wellknown and the Specac Silver Gate™ Evolutionprovides flexibility through its click-on top plateswith a choice of ZnSe, Ge or Silicon crystals.

BasicStarter Kit

AnalystStarter Kit

ResearchStarter Kit

AdvancedStarter Kit

Liquid Pack

Basic Solid Pack

Advanced Solid Pack

Silver Gate™ Evolution ATR

Part number GS01180 GS01185 GS01190 GS01195

Gas Pack

Part number GS01181 GS01186 GS01191 GS01196


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | FT-IR Starter Kits - Modular Application Packs

101

Ordering InformationLiquid PackGS01140 Liquid Pack CompleteContentsGS01110 Luer Syringe 2mlGS01800 Omni Cell™ AssemblyGS01811 KBr Windows (Pair) for liquidsGS01812 CaF2 Windows (Pair) for liquidsGS01831 KBr Windows (Pair) for MullsGS01864 Assorted PTFE Spacers

(Pack of 10 for liquid Cells)GS01871 PTFE 0.1mm Spacers

(Pack of 5 for Mull Cells)GS03620 Bottle of Nujol (25ml)GS03621 Bottle of Fluorolube (25ml)GS03610 KBr Powder (50g)

Basic Solid PackGS01150 Basic Solid Pack CompleteContentsGS03940 Mini-Pellet Press (2T)GS03950 7mm Pellet Die including

pellet ring holderGS03951 7mm Spare Pellet Ring HolderGS03600 Pestle and MortarGS03610 KBr Powder (50g)GS03960 7mm Disc Holder with

Rectangular Mount

Advanced Solid PackGS01160 Advanced Solid Pack CompleteContentsGS15011 15T Manual Hydraulic PressGS03600 Pestle and MortarGS03610 KBr Powder (50g)GS03410 13mm Disc Holder with

Rectangular MountGS03000 13mm Evacuable Pellet Die

Gas PackGS01170 Gas Pack CompleteContentsGS05021 KBr Windows (Pair)GS05030 Storm 10cm Cell MountGS05000 Storm 10cm Pyrex Cell Gas Cell

(Body Only)GS05040 Storm 10cm Complete Seal Kit

ZnSe ATRGS10680-1 Silver Gate™ Evolution

Single Reflection ATR with ZnSeFlat Crystal Top Plate

FT-IR Starter Kits - Modular Application PacksA versatile range of Starter Kits created with our core accessories.


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FT-IR Starter KitProvides a cost-effective package for routine transmission analysis of solids, liquids and gases

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | FT-IR Starter Kit

Ordering InformationFT-IR Starter Kit

GS01135 FT-IR Starter Kit

Kit Includes the following:

GS01110 Luer syringe

GS01800 Omni Cell assembly (2)

GS01811 Pair of KBr windows for Omni Liquid Cell

GS01812 Pair of CaF2 windows for Omni Liquid Cell

GS01831 Pair of KBr windows for Omni Mull Cell

GS01851 PTFE spacers 0.1mm forOmni Liquid Cell (5)

GS01864 Assorted PTFE spacers for Omni Liquid Cell (10)

FT-IR Starter KitThe FT-IR Starter Kit is the perfect combinationof transmission accessories, for use with solids,liquids and gases. The items are packaged in ahard shell carrying case for storage andtransportation.

GS01871 PTFE spacers 0.1mm for Omni Mull Cell (5)

GS02303 Microspatula

GS03600 Agate pestle and mortar

GS03610 Bottle of KBr powder (50g)

GS03620 Bottle of Nujol (25ml)

GS03700 Specadie™ disc pressing kit

GS03820 Magnetic film holder

GS05000 Series 10cm Pyrex™ gas cell with KBr windows (P/N 5021)

GS05030 Circular cell mount for Pyrex™ gas cell (slide mounted)

102

• Omni Liquid Cell

• Omni Mull Cell

• 10cm Gas Cell

• Film holder

• Specadie

• Carrying case

Contents


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Professional Starter KitThe cost-effective way to obtain reflectance sampling versatility

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Professional Starter Kit

Professional Starter KitThe Professional Starter Kit offers an economicpackage of three high performance accessoriesgiving coverage of the most popular techniquesin reflectance sampling.

The kit consists of Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR), Diffuse Reflectance (DRIFT) and SpecularReflectance units. Also included in the kit are allancillary consumables such as KBr powder,spatula, pestle and mortar and Diabrase abrasivepads necessary to tackle most samples in theinfrared spectroscopy laboratory.

All of the accessories are compatible with thestandard Benchmark™ baseplate mounting andtherefore can be quickly and easily interchanged.The units in the Professional Starter Kit requireminimal alignment thereby reducing operatorlearning and set-up time.

Ordering InformationProfessional Starter Kit

GS04540 Professional Starter Kit(Please specify spectrometer make and model)

Includes: Benchmark™ Gateway ATR Unit (GS11165)

Fixed Angle 30º Specular Reflectance Unit (GS19820)

Reference mirror

Sample aperture masks(5mm and 10mm diameter)

Minidiff™ Plus Diffuse Reflectance Accessory (GS04510)

Sample cup holders (2)

Abrasive sample holders (2)

Diabrase abrasive pads (20)

Pestle and Mortar

Spatula

KBr powder (50g)


Please see under individualsections in the catalogue

For Benchmark™ ATR - Page 57

For Minidiff™ Plus - Page 62

For Fixed Angle - Page 65

103

• Benchmark™ ATR for liquids, semisolids and films

• Minidiff Plus for solids and polymers

• Fixed Angle Specular Reflectance Accessory for solids and polymers

Contents

P/N GS11165 P/N GS04510 P/N GS19820


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Notes

104


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Specacprocess

capabilities


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Specac Process Capabilities

106

Specac Process CapabilitiesA proven track record of reliability and robustness in the most demanding industrial environments.

ProCell™ Process Flow Cells

Specac have over 15 years of process applicationexperience. Our ProCell™ process flow cells aredesigned to withstand the rigors of process andenvironmental conditions while maintaining continuous measurement stability and have aproven track record of reliability and robustnessin the most demanding industrial environments.

• Process cells are a key enabling technology to facilitate the acquisition of continuous onlineUV/Vis and NIR spectroscopic absorbanceprocess measurements

Process flow cells are typically installed as part ofthe process circuit either directly in the processstream or as a “by-pass loop”.

• By adopting the process flow cell in a “by-passloop” configuration, the user has the opportunityto isolate the process flow cell from the processcell for routine cleaning, servicing, or calibration.

Computer-aided optical design ensures thatSpecac’s process flow cells have the highest levels of optical throughput to ensure the bestquality of spectroscopic data.

Specac process cells are customized to ensureexact matching with the client’s process requirements.

• Material metallurgies, seal types, and windowmaterials are chosen to be compatible with thechemical and environmental needs of the application. This often goes beyond standard operating conditions, and includes aggressivecleaning regimes and extreme weather conditions.

• Optical designs are configured for the UV/Visor NIR spectral regions as appropriate, and optical pathlengths are set to ensure optimumspectral absorbance of the target chemicalspecies.

• A range of pipe fittings and flange connectionsare available to interface the process flow cellwith the process pipe work.

• Cleaning ports and seal leak warning ports canalso be integrated into the cell design.


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Process Capabilities

107

ProCell™ Cascade

The Specac ProCell™ Cascade liquid phaseprocess cell is a rugged transmission mode cellideally suited for optical sampling of industrial fluids. The ProCell™ Cascade series is designedto be pipe-mounted into the sample analysis partof the process steam or in a by-pass.

ProCell™ Vortex

The Specac ProCell™ Vortex liquid phase processcell is an extremely robust cell that delivers optimum sensitivity to process characteristicsThe ProCell™ Vortex series is designed to beflange mounted directly into the process streamor in a by-pass

ProCell™CascadeLiquid Phase Process Flow Cell

• Optical transmission pathlengths are available from 1.0 to 10 mm to optimise UV/Vis or NIR spectroscopic absorption features for analysis.• Capability for high temperature applications (up to 400°C)• Can be configured for a wide range of ANSI and DIN flange sizes• Cleaning port option for in-situ servicing

Key Features

ProCell™ VortexLiquid Phase Process Flow Cell

• Optical transmission pathlengths are available from 1.0 to 10 mm to optimise UV/Vis or NIR spectroscopic absorption features for analysis.• Capability for high temperature applications (up to 400°C)• Can be configured for a wide range of ANSI and DIN flange sizes• Cleaning port option for in-situ servicing

Key Features


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Process Capabilities

108

ProCell™ Typhoon

The Specac ProCell™ Typhoon is a rugged pipe-mounted spectroscopic transmission cell forgas phase process monitoring in the UV/Vis orNIR region. The ProCell™ Typhoon is typically fitted into the process stream or in a by-passusing Swagelok connectors.

Sapphire windows give outstanding abrasion andchemical resistance, in addition to the ability towithstand severe thermal shock (e.g. high pressure steam cleaning).

ProCell™ TyphoonGas/Vapour Phase Process Flow Cell

• To ensure optimum UV/Vis or NIR spectroscopic absorption features for pathlengths are available at 20cm, 30cm, or 50cm.

• Cleaning ports allow the internal cell windows to be cleaned without removing the cell from the pipe work in the event of fouling (either from long term use or following a process upset)

• Optical fibre connectivity is ensured by industry standard SMA 905 connectors

• anti-extrusion seal design to give high pressure capability and long-term reliability

Key Features


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Spectroscopist’s Hints and Tips

Sample Preparation

For the preparation of halide disks,pestles,

mortars and KBr powder should be stored in a

dry environment such as the Specacabinet.

The equipment should be used while still warm to

minimize water contamination of the disk.

A good approximation for “first time right” halide

disks is to choose a weight-to-weight ratio of 1%

sample to 99% KBr. This approximation is good

for most organic materials.

Don’t take shortcuts by insufficient grinding of

halide disk constituents. The target particle size is

0.025 mm, to coincide with the wavelength of

light in the classical mid-infrared region.

Fold a sheet of paper in half to make a simple

funnel for swift and easy transfer of the ground-

up halide disk constituents into the pellet dies.

Take the time to use a vacuum pump with

evacuable pellet dies when producing halide

disks. The resulting higher quality disks produce

improved spectra.

If a finished halide disk absorbs too strongly,

there is no need to start again completely.

Simply break off a small piece and regrind with

additional KBr.

When using diamond compression cells it is

worth checking to see if the sample has

preferentially adhered to just one of the windows.

If so, use the one window only for improved

spectral quality. Always run background data for

both one and two windows in anticipation of this.

When using liquid transmission cells in quantitative

measurements it is useful to check the

pathlength before and after an experiment. This

is especially helpful with demountable cells.

Try using two syringes, one in each cell port,

when filling and emptying liquid transmission

cells. This helps to prevent air bubbles in the

liquid film, and is especially useful when using

very thin spacers.

Whilst doing a series of concentration solutions it

is advisable to change the sample via the filling

ports rather than dismantling the cell.

Concentration contamination effects are avoided

in quantitative work by analyzing the sample set

in increasing order of concentration.

Typical transmission pathlengths for organic

solvent based solutions are as follows:

109

Spectroscopist’s Hints and TipsThe following hints and tips on Infrared Sampling may help you achieve better spectra with

greater ease. Don’t forget to contact your local Specac representative if you need any help

with your application. Contact details are listed at the back of this catalogue.

> 10 %

10 % – 1 %

1 % – 0.1 %

< 0.1 %


0.05 mm

0.1 mm

0.2 mm

> 0.5 mm

TypicalPathlength


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Reflection Measurements

Two ways of reducing the ATR penetration depth

into a strongly absorbing sample are choosing an

ATR crystal with a higher refractive index (see the

list of optical material properties at the back of

this catalogue), and selecting a larger angle of

incidence.

When analyzing powdered samples using ATR,

pre-grinding the sample will improve the

homogeneity of the sample particles, and yield

better spectra.

Aerosol spray samples can be conveniently

analyzed using the ATR technique. Spray the

contents onto a flat or trough top-plate, in a fume

cupboard, away from the spectrometer

compartment.

Lacquers and coatings can be analyzed for

specular reflectance in the following way. Wrap

aluminium foil (shiny side out) around the

reference mirror and apply the coating. Allow to

dry and record spectra of the resulting film.

When using diffuse reflectance the sample

heights are not alway uniform. Each time the

sample is changed it is desirable to reach the

optimum height and peak energy as quickly as

possible. A rolling micrometer on the Specac

Minidiff Plus accessory adjusts the height in

seconds, without using tools.

Level the surface of a sample for diffuse

reflectance measurement by gently tamping

down the surface, using a glass slide resting on

the surface under its own weight. Do not press

the surface hard, and risk compacting the

sample. The surface can be seen through the

glass slide.

110





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Transmission Measurements

Always wear gloves when handling all infrared

windows to avoid contamination. This is good

practice even for non-hygroscopic windows.

For accessories that are, or maybe, out of

alignment, a small beam white light source is

ideal for recreating the beam path. Once rough

alignment has been recovered, use the energy

level output on the spectrometer in order to fine-

tune the signal.

Test the identity of an unknown window or crystal

by measuring the transmission characteristics in

the spectrometer. Be aware that the cut-off

values quoted in transmission characteristics

tables are typically for short pathlengths of a few

millimeters. Longer paths through ATR crystals

will reduce the absorption cut-off back towards

shorter wavelengths.

When using a temperature controlled accessory,

always remember to set the temperature to

20ºC after use. This will remove the risk of

accidentally heating the accessory the next time

it is switched on.

Always check the chemical compatibility of a

window or crystal material by using scrap

fragments. If in doubt, contact your local

Specac representative for assistance.

When cleaning accessory optics it is advisable to

remove the accessory from the spectrometer.

If this is undesirable, be economical with the

amount of solvent used, as large amounts of

solvent vapour can have an effect on subsequent

spectra. It is also advisable to purge the

accessory before use.

Choosing Fluorolube as a mulling agent allows

the study of all CH stretching bands in an infrared

spectrum using the mull technique. These are

masked by paraffin absorptions when using

Nujol.

The use of an O-ring on the plunger body of an

evacuable pellet die prevents the plunger falling

onto the newly pressed disk when removing the

disk from the body of the die.

Fingerprints can be removed from mirrors by

slowly dragging a methanol soaked lens tissue

over the surface of the mirror. Use a stream of

dry air to remove excess solvent.

111





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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Index

112

Anvils for ATR, 7, 57, 61, 62

ATR, 25 Reflection, 7, 68

ATR, Gateway™, 7, 65, 66, 67, 103

ATR, Golden Gate™Diamond ATR, 7, 55, 56, 57,

58, 59, 60, 61

ATR, Silver Gate™Evolution, 7, 63, 64, 100, 101

ATR, 10, 54, 55, 56, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 103, 110

Beam Condenser, Microfocus, 7, 28, 29

Demountable Cells, 11, 12, 17, 22, 109

Diabrase abrasive sample pads, 69, 70, 71, 103

Diamond Compression Cell, 10, 28, 29, 109

Dies, Atlas™, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87

Dies, Atlas™, Lightweight, 87

Diffuse Reflectance, Minidiff™, 7, 72, 103

Diffuse Reflectance, Monolayer, 7, 54, 71, 72, 73

Diffuse Reflectance, Selector™, 7 69, 70

Environmental Chamber, 7, 69, 70

Envirochamber, Golden Gate™ 7, 60, 61, 62

Film Makers, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96

Flow Cells and Kits, 16, 17, 19, 20, 57, 62, 99, 106,

107, 108

Fluorolube, 13, 101, 111, 114

FT-IR Starter Kits, 100, 101, 102

Gas Cells, 10 cm, 31, 32

Gas Cells, General, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,

41, 42, 43, 52, 100, 101, 102

Gas Cells, Heated 10 cm, 32

Gas Cells, Long Pathlength, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39,

42, 43, 52

Gasket, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 67, 68, 78

Heated Platens, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 90, 91, 92, 94

Heating Jacket, Electrical, 16, 17, 21, 25

Heating Jacket, Water, 22, 26

High Temperature/High Pressure Cell, 44, 45

KBr powder, 70, 71, 83, 84, 86, 88, 97, 101, 102,

103, 109

Laser Alignment Accessory, 33, 37, 38

Liquid Cells, 7, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25,

26, 96, 101, 102

Luer Syringe, 13, 15, 101, 102

Magnetic Film Holder, 93, 96, 102,

Micro Specular Reflectance, 59, 61

Mini-Pellet Press, 5, 83, 84, 100, 101

Mini-Film Maker Kit, 5, 94, 95

Mull Cells, 11, 12, 101, 102

Nujol Mull, 10, 12, 13, 101, 102, 111,

Oil In Water Analysis Kit, 27

Omni Cell™System, 11, 12, 13, 100

Pestle and Mortar, 71, 83, 84, 86, 101, 102, 103

Polarizers, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 62, 72, 73

Polarizer mounts, 47, 52, 55, 62, 72, 73

Presses, Atlas™, 15 Ton, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 91, 92, 93

Presses, Atlas™, 25 Ton, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 87

Presses, Atlas™, Power Press, 77, 80

Presses, Atlas™, Auto Press 81, 82, 91

Presses, General, 77, 78, 79, 80 - 88

Process Cells, 106, 107

Professional Starter Kit, 103

Purge Bellows, 33, 36, 38, 39, 42, 43, 61, 62, 64, 67

Reaction Cell, 7, 58, 61, 62

Sealed Cells, 11, 12, 13, 17

Silicon Crystal Plate for Silver Gate™, 64

Solid Cells, 6, 16

Spacers, general, 11, 12, 18, 19, 59, 66, 93, 101, 102

Spacers, Omni Cell™, 11, 12, 13

Specacabinet™, 98

Specacards, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96

Specadie™, 88, 102

Specamill™, 97, 102

Specular Reflectance, Fixed Angle, 7, 74, 103

FT-IR Starter Kit, 100, 101, 102

Supercritical Fluids, 60, 61

Top-plates for ATR, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66

Vacuum Pump, 5, 85, 89

Variable Pathlength Cell, 15, 37

Variable Temperature Cell holder, 7, 16, 17, 23, 24

Volatiles Cover, 57, 61, 62, 64, 67

Window Polishing Kit, 14

Windows, 10 cm Gas Cells, 30

Windows, Long Path Gas Cells, 15

Windows, Variable Temperature Cell holder, 24

Windows, Variable Pathlength Cell, 15

Index


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | A-Z of IR

113

100% Line

Ratio of two background spectra under identicalconditions. Determines condition ofspectrometer, or accessory, and quality ofspectra. An ideal 100% Line would be a horizontalline at 100%.

A

Absorbance

The amount of Infrared radiation absorbed by asample. It is proportional to concentration, and isdefined by Beer’s Law, so it can be used forQuantitative Analysis. Often the Y-axis unit in Infrared spectra, absorbance is related to transmittance by A=log10 (1/T), where A is theabsorbance and T is the transmittance.

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)

A reflectance sampling technique, used in suchaccessories as the Golden Gate™and theBenchmark 6 Reflection ATR System. A beam ofInfrared radiation is passed through a prism ofmaterial which is Infrared transparent, and has ahigh refractive index, at least higher than thesample being analyzed. Due to internal reflectance, the light reflects off the surface ofthe crystal at least once, setting up anevanescent wave, which extends into the sampleby typically a few microns. The sample must beheld in intimate contact with the crystal.

B

Background Spectrum

A single beam spectrum produced without asample in the Infrared beam. It is used to recordthe contributions that the instrument and the environment make to the measurement. The sample spectrum can be ratioed against thebackground spectrum to remove thesecontributions.

Baseline correction

The manipulation of a spectrum to correct asloped or curving baseline. The spectroscopistdraws a function parallel to the baseline which isthen subtracted from the spectrum.

Beamsplitter

An optical device which reflects half the radiationstriking it, and transmits half.

Benchmark

Specac’s universal compatibility baseplatesystem, adapting Specac accessories to all spectrometer models. Also Specac’s 6 ReflectionATR System, capable of analyzing almost anysample.

C

Calibration

In Quantitative Analysis, the correlation of peakheights and areas in a spectrum with the concentrations of standard analytes. Aftercalibration, unknown analyte concentrations canbe calculated.

Calibration curve

An Absorbance vs. Concentration plot used incalibration. If the sample obeys Beer’s Law, theplot will be linear and unknown concentrationscan be calculated.Condenser

The optical element that condenses light on asample.

Critical Angle

Defined as being:c = arcsin (n1/n2)

where �c is the critical angle for an interfacebetween two specific media, n1 and n2 are therefractive indices of the two media and n 2 hasthe higher refractive index; the critical angle is thesmallest angle of incidence at which totalinternal reflection occurs.

D

Depth of Penetration

When a sample is analyzed using ATR, the depthof penetration is the depth at which the evanescent wave has decreased to 1/e (or36.788%) of its original value after penetratingthe sample. The depth of penetration is dependent on many factors, including the angleof incidence, the refractive index of the ATRcrystal, and the wavelength of the Infrared radiation.

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114

Diffraction

The bending of light around the edge of anopaque body, or through a narrow slit, resultingin a series of alternately high and low intensitiesin the shadow of the obstacle.

Diffuse reflection

The random reflection resulting when a beam oflight reflects off a rough, matt surface e.g. powder or fibre.

Dispersive Instruments

Infrared spectrometers that use a grating orprism to disperse Infrared radiation into its component wavelengths before detecting them.This type of instrument is less widespread sincethe arrival of FTIR spectrometers.

DRIFTS (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared FourierTransform Spectroscopy)

A reflection sampling technique making use ofthe phenomenon of diffuse reflectance.

E

Evanescent wave

A standing wave of radiation set up in an ATRcrystal at the interface with the sample. Thewave penetrates into the sample and an Infraredspectrum can be obtained.

F

Far IR

Infrared radiation between 400 and 10 cm-1.

Fluorolube

Polymer of trifluorovinyl chloride (-CF2-CFCl-)xused for the preparation of mulls. Unlike Nujol, itdoesn’t mask CH stretch bands.

Fourier Transform

The integration performed upon an interferogramto produce an Infrared spectrum.

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer

The instrument used for FTIR spectroscopy.

FTIR Spectroscopy

A method of obtaining an Infrared spectrum bymeasuring the interferogram of a sample usingan interferometer, then performing a FourierTransform upon the interferogram to obtain the spectrum.

G

Germanium

Element, atomic number 32, atomic weight72.6:a gray-white metallic semiconductor. Its highrefractive index (4.01) makes it an important material for ATR crystals, used to analyze highlyabsorbing samples.

Golden Gate™

Specac’s world-famous single reflection ATR accessory, analyzing almost all sample types:hard solids, to powders, to corrosive liquids, to fibres. The Golden Gate™ is the world’s mostversatile sampling system. The standard Diamond Golden Gate™ uses a type IIa diamondas the ATR element for unparalleled opticalsensitivity, while diamond’s unique physicalstrength makes it ideal for excellent contact withthe hardest of solids. Its tremendous chemicalstability allows it to withstand corrosive liquids.Other Golden Gate™ versions available, to accommodate various types of sample, include aGermanium Golden Gate™, whose high refractiveindex is useful for highly absorbing samples, anda heatable version for high temperature analysis.

Grazing angle reflection

An optical phenomenon occurring when the incident Infrared radiation strikes a sample,deposited on a reflective material, at an angle ofaround 80º to the normal. Useful for the analysisof thin coatings, e.g. paints on metallic surfaces.

I

Index of refraction

A property of a material describing the behaviourof electromagnetic radiation when travellingthrough it (not all EM radiation can travel throughall materials). It is defined as being the ratio ofthe speed of light in a vacuum to the speed oflight in the material concerned. Also called refractive index.

Infrared (IR) radiation

The region of the electromagnetic spectrum from14,000 to 10 cm-1.

Infrared Spectroscopy

The study of the characteristic Infrared spectra ofmatter.

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Infrared spectrum

A plot of Intensity of Infrared radiation vs.Wavenumber. A spectrum can be interpreted todetermine the molecular structure of the samplefrom which it has been obtained, becausedifferent functional groups in a molecule will eachproduce a unique feature, or fingerprint, in thespectrum.

Interferogram

A plot of Infrared detector response vs. Opticalpath difference. This is what an FTIRspectrometer measures, to be FourierTransformed to obtain a spectrum.

Interferometer

An optical device causing two beams of light totravel different distances to produce an opticalpath difference. This allows constructive and destructive interference to occur, and changingthe optical path difference allows the measurement of an interferogram.

Internal reflection

The effect where electromagnetic radiation passing through a material reflects off the surface of the material at the interface with another medium, which has a lower refractiveindex, instead of leaving the material to enter thenew medium. If the angle of incidence is largerthan the critical angle, then none of the light willbe transmitted to the new medium, it will all bereflected. This phenomenon is called total internalreflection.

K

KBr pellet

A pellet produced for use in transmissionanalysis. This technique is used for powders and other solids. The sample is ground, then “diluted” with KBr powder, before being pressedinto a pellet. The pellet is then mounted on aSpecacard before being placed directly in theInfrared beam for analysis.

Kramers-Kronig Transform

A mathematical calculation performed uponspecular reflectance spectra to eliminate theeffect of variations in the refractive index of the

sample. It results in ak-spectrum and ann-spectrum, which are the true absorbancespectrum and a plot of Refractive index vs.Wavenumber respectively.

KRS-5

Trade name for thallium iodide bromide, a common ATR crystal material (Refractive index2.38) with Near IR and Mid IR transmissioncharacteristics.

Kubelka-Munk units

Unit of intensity of diffuse reflected light. TheKubelka-Munk equation relates this intensity tothe concentration and scattering factor of a sample. The scattering factoris determined bythe particle size, shape and packing density, butcan be difficult to quantify.

M

Micrometer

A gauge for accurately measuring small distances, thicknesses etc.

Mid IR

Infrared radiation between 4,000 and 400 cm-1.

Mull

A Transmission sampling technique. A solidsample is ground, then dispersed in a mullingagent (e.g. Nujol). The mull mixture is then sandwiched between two windows (e.g. KBr) inan Omni-Cell body before being placed directly inthe Infrared beam.

Mulling agent

(Usually) an oil added to a ground sample in thepreparation of a mull.

N

Near IR

Infrared radiation between 14,000 and 4,000cm-1.

Nujol

A liquid paraffin used for the preparation of mulls.Nujol is not always the best mulling agent as itmasks any CH stretch bands that wouldotherwise be seen in the sample spectrum.

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116

Omni Cell™

With over 400 window and pathlengthcombinations available as standard, to cater forevery sample and wavelength of interest,Specac’s Omni Cell™ is the simple stand most versatile Infrared transmission cell systemavailable anywhere. The Omni Cell™ can beconfigured as a sealed liquid cell, a demountableliquid cell, or a mull cell. Easily assembled, or disassembled, in a few seconds, it is designedfor fast sample turn-around. With a known pathlength, the spectrum from an Omni Cell™

is suitable for Quantitative Analysis.

P

Peak-to-Peak Noise

A noise measurement often made on a 100%Line to determine spectrum quality and instrument performance when obtained undercontrolled conditions. It is measured as thedifference between the lowest and highesttransmittance value in a specific wavenumberrange.

Polarizer

A device for converting light into polarized light.Typically, polarizers are a ZnSe substrate withthin parallel gold wires on the surface to form a grid.

Polymer film

A thin film, of precise thickness, pressed at an elevated temperature using a SpecacConstant Thickness Film Maker Kit. The film canthen be mounted in a magnetic film holder beforebeing placed directly in the Infrared beam fortransmission analysis.

Q

Quantitative Analysis

Calculation of sample concentration using measurements from a spectrum, such as bandratios and peak areas and heights.This techniquerequires a calibration before unknown concentrations can be determined.

R

Raman effect

When monochromatic light is scattered bymolecules, a small fraction of the scattered lightis observed to have a different frequency fromthat of the incident beam; this is the Ramaneffect. Raman spectroscopy can reveal vibrationsthat may be inactive under Infrared analysis, andtherefore can provide complementary information about the molecular structure of thesample under examination. The Specac VariableTemperature Cell holder is suitable for the Raman Technique.

Reflection Absorption

Also known as “Double-transmission”, reflectionabsorption is a sampling technique used on thincoatings on metal. The Infrared beam passesthrough the coating again after reflecting off themetal surface, before reaching the detector.

Refractive Index

See Index of Refraction.

Resolution

Measure of the ability of a spectrometer todistinguish features of a spectrum which are veryclose together.

S

Scan

The measuring of an interferogram in FTIR.Usually involves cycling the mirror in theinterferometer once.

Sealed Liquid Cells

Basic accessories used to obtain transmissionspectra of liquids. Consists of two IR transparentwindows (e.g. NaCl), held apart by a spacer,filled with the liquid under consideration. The cellis then put directly into the beam. Specac’sadvanced Omni-Cell system can be configuredfor use as a sealed liquid cell, with 9 options forwindows and 6 options for pathlength to give 54standard combinations.

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Selector™

Specac’s versatile diffuse reflectance accessory,featuring unique off-axis optics to fully minimizeunwanted specular reflectance, offers rapid FTIRanalysis of solids with minimal samplepreparation. The Selector™can include an Environmental Chamber, for extremetemperature and pressure analyses, an Autosampler, to automatically analyze up to 32samples, and an X-Y stage, for sample mappingof large or inhomogeneous samples.

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)

To determine the quality of a spectrum, orspectrometer, the SNR is the ratio of the signal,or intensity, of the spectrum to the noise at anearby point on the baseline.

Silicon

Element, atomic number 14, atomic weight28.09, grayish metallic semiconductor. A very hard, inert crystal with a refractive index of3.42, Silicon is very useful for Far IR in the range400 to 30cm-1.

Single Beam Spectrum

The spectrum obtained after FourierTransforming an interferogram. The single beamspectrum is a combination of the spectra of thesample (if applicable), the instrument and the environment.

Sirocco™Gas Cell

Specac’s advanced transmission gas analysiscell is a new concept in gas cell specification.With an extensive array of standard features onthe base unit, personalized modifications can bemade from a range of precision engineered options. A range of pathlength options allowsanalysis at low pressures to be performed in thelonger cells, and pathlengths can be verified witha laser alignment accessory.

Specacard™

Mount for the transmission analysis, and storage,of KBr pellets. Specacards can also be used,with a magnetic film holder, for polymer films.

Specular Reflectance

The reflectance occurring when a beam of lightstrikes a smooth, shiny surface, e.g. a mirror,such that the angle of incidence equals the angleof reflection. Specular reflectance can be used toobtain Infrared spectra.

T

Transmission

A physical phenomenon where radiation passesthrough a body.When producing a transmissionspectrum a proportion of the energy is absorbedby the sample, while the remainder travels on tothe detector.

Transmission Sampling

The method of sampling whereby the Infraredbeam passes directly through the sample beforebeing detected, used in such accessories as theVariable Temperature Cell holder, the Omni Cell™

and the Sirocco™Series Gas Cell. An appropriate pathlength must be selected so as to avoid total absorption of the Infrared.

TransmittanceUnit of measurement of the amount of radiationtransmitted by a sample. It is often the Y-axis ofInfrared spectra. Transmittance is not linearlyproportional to the concentration of the sample,therefore spectra plotted with these units cannotbe used for Quantitative Analysis.

V

Variable Temperature Cell holder

Specac’s most advanced accessory for thetransmission analysis of liquids and solids at temperatures from -190ºC to 250ºC. Choice ofwindow material allows this accessory to beused in UV, Visible and Infrared regions. Thisaccessory can also be used for Fluorescenceand the Raman Technique.

W

Wavelength

One wavelength is the distance between twoidentical points on two adjacent identical wavesin a beam.

Wavenumber

Wavenumber is defined as the reciprocal of thewavelength expressed in cm. Units are cm-1.Wave numbers are normally the units along theX-axis in Infrared spectra.

A-Z of IR


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Optical Materials for Spectroscopy

Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Optical Materials for Spectroscopy

118

Windowmaterial from to

RefractiveIndex at2000cm-1

General Properties

MgF2 91,000 1,100 1.37 Almost insoluble in water. Hard material suited to relatively high pressure applications. Bi-refringent and subject to thermal shock. Should not be used above 500°C.

LiF 83,000 1,400 1.33 Slightly water soluble. Hard, brittle material. Subject to thermal shock. Should not be used above 400°C.

CaF2 77,000 900 1.40 Insoluble in water, resists most acids and alkalis. Soluble in ammonium salts. Its high mechanical strengthmakes it particularly useful for high pressure work. Sensitive to mechanical and thermal shock. Does not fog.

BaF2 66,666 800 1.45 Insoluble in water, soluble in acids and NH4Cl. Very sensitive to mechanical and thermal shock. Good resistance to fluorine and fluorides. Does not fog.

NaCl 40,000 600 1.52 Soluble in water and glycerine. Slightly soluble in alcohols. Fair resistance to mechanical and thermal shockand can be easily polished.

AMTIR 11,000 725 2.50 Amorphous Material which Transmits Infrared Radiation. A chalcogenide glass which although relatively hardis brittle. Insoluble in water, resistant to acid but attacked by alkalis.

AgBr 22,000 300 2.30Insoluble in water, soluble in acids and NH4CL. Very sensitive to mechanical shock and is malleable. Will cold form. Good resistance to thermal shock. Corrosive to metals and alloys. Sensitive to strong UV radiation and will darken with long exposure.

KCl 33,000 400 1.40 Hygroscopic material similar to NaCl but with extended transmission range. Less soluble and lower reflection losses.

KBr 43,500 400 1.54 Hygroscopic material similar to NaCl. Soluble in water, glycerine and alcohols. Slightly soluble in ether. Fairly good resistance to mechanical and thermal shock.

KRS-5 17,000 250 2.38This material is a mixture of Thallium Bromide and Thallium Iodide salts and is extremely toxic. Orange/red in colour. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in bases, but not soluble in acids. Not hygroscopic. Good transmission range and is ideal for ATR work. Soft, hence easily deformed.

CsBr 42,000 250 1.66 Hygroscopic material. Soluble in water and acids. Soft, hence easily deformed.

CsI 42,000 200 1.74 Extremely hygroscopic material. Soluble in water and alcohols. Useful because of wide transmission range.Mildly toxic.

Silica SiO2UV Grade

59,000 3700 1.46 Resistant to acids and alkalis and unaffected by most solvents. Transmission at 50,000cm-1 is 98% for UV grade and 40% for IR grade.

Silica SiO2IR Grade

40,000 3000 1.46 Resistant to acids and alkalis and unaffected by most solvents. Transmission at 50,000cm-1 is 98% for UV grade and 40% for IR grade.

ZnS(Cleartran)

50,000 770 2.25Insoluble in water, normal acids and bases and virtually all organic solvents. Reacts to strong oxidising agents. Good resistance to thermal and mechanical shock. Suitable for work in temperature range -200°C to 800°C.

ZnSe 20,000 500 2.43Toxic, hard and brittle material. Amber/yellow in colour. Insoluble in water, but attacked by strong acids and bases (pH range 4 to 11 tolerant). Organic solvents have no effect. Ideal for ATR work. Low absorption at 10.6 microns hence popular window material for CO2 lasers.

Ge 5,000 550 4.01Hard and very brittle material. Is temperature sensitive and loses transmission when heated. Optically opaque at 190°C. Insoluble in water. Soluble in hot sulphuric acid and aqua regia. Suitable for ATR work where high pressure contact is not required.

Diamond 40,000 10 2.40 Very hard and extremely chemically resistant. A diamond window is often chosen for high pressure applications. Excellent for ATR work.

Si 8,333 33 3.42 Very hard, but brittle and relatively inert material. Is attacked by a combination of HF and HNO3.Withstands thermal shock. Useful for Far IR. in the region 400-30cm-1.

Poly-ethylene

625 4 1.52 Inexpensive Far IR window material. Insoluble in water but tends to swell and be contaminated with some organic solvents. Melting point 110°C.

Range


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Specac Product Catalogue 2012 | Worldwide Distribution

Worldwide Distribution

FranceEurolabo

35 Rue de Meux75019 ParisFrance

T: 01 42 08 01 28F: 01 42 08 13 [email protected]

GermanyL.O.T. Oriel GmbHIm Tiefen See 58

D-64293 DarmstadtGermany

T: +49 6151 88060F: +49 6151 [email protected]

www.lot-oriel.com/de

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Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0021

JapanT: 03 3946 4993F: 03 3946 4983

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PO Box 14708190 Sant Cugat del Valles

BarcelonaT: +34 936 748 800F: +34 936 752 405

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SwitzerlandT: +41 61 726 65 55F: +41 61 726 65 50

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Specac Catalogue 2012