Spanish-American War

1898“Splendid Little

War”(133 Days, less than 4 months)

Terms to know

• Imperialism

• Colonialism

• Expansionism

The Imperialist Tailor

Causes• Economic Ties—Sugar

• Cuba struggle for independence “Concentration Camps (Jose Marti’)” (Killing 1 out of ever 4 Cubans)

• “Butcher” Weyler

• Imperialism – “Manifest Destiny”

Spanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in Cuba

Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy

Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy

““Yellow Journalism” & Yellow Journalism” & JingoismJingoism

““Yellow Journalism” & Yellow Journalism” & JingoismJingoism

Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer

William Randolph HearstWilliam Randolph Hearst

Hearst to Frederick Remington:Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures,You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! and I’ll furnish the war!

De Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDupuy de Lôme, SpanishDupuy de Lôme, SpanishAmbassador to the U.S.Ambassador to the U.S.

Criticized PresidentCriticized PresidentMcKinley as McKinley as weak and aweak and abidder for the admirationbidder for the admirationof the crowd, besidesof the crowd, besidesbeing a would-be politicianbeing a would-be politicianwho tries to leave a doorwho tries to leave a dooropen behind himself whileopen behind himself whilekeeping on good termskeeping on good termswith the jingoes of hiswith the jingoes of hisparty.party.

• USS Maine (Feb. 15, 1898) – A. Harbor in Havana

B. 260+ Americans Died “Remember The Maine”

• War Message Apr. 11, 1898– William McKinley

The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):

“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”

The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):

“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”

Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!

• II. Two Main Theaters• A. Manila Bay (May 1, 1898)

– 1. George Dewey• (Destroy Spanish Fleet)

• 2. Had a total of seven ships• 3. Battle took a few hours• 4. Spain- 160 dead & 210 Wounded• US- No fatal casualties

• B. Cuba • 1. Blockade of Cuba• 2. Fighting Force – AEF

– A. Major General Shafter– B. Major General “Fighting Joe” Wheeler– C. Rough Riders

• 1. Colonel Leonard Wood• 2. Teddy Roosevelt• 3. 9th and 10th Cavalries

Theodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt

Assistant Secretary of Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the McKinley the Navy in the McKinley administration.administration.

Imperialist and American Imperialist and American nationalist.nationalist.

Criticized PresidentCriticized PresidentMcKinley as McKinley as having the having the backbone of a chocolate backbone of a chocolate éclair!éclair!

Resigns his position to Resigns his position to fight in Cuba.fight in Cuba.

The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”

The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”

• 3. Weapons .45 vs. .30

• 4. Food and other friends.

• 5. Santiago Bay, San Juan Hill

» (Kettle Hill)

• III. Results (Treaty of Paris) – A. Peace treaty signed Dec. 10, 1898– B. Spain surrendered Cuba, ceded Puerto

Rico and Guam– C. US Bought Philippines for $20 mill.

• (Treaty ratified Feb 6, 1899 by one vote)– D. Platt Amendment in 1901

• Made Cuba a protectorate • US Gained Guantanamo Bay as a Naval Base

• E. Participants 392,000– Deaths 5,400—(11,000)