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Mon$ra Unakul UNESCO Bangkok
SOUVs and Comparative Analysis –
Experience from Asia
SOUVs – experience from Asia
• Describing the site “_____ ancient town is located in the central part of _____ country (15053’ North la:tude, 108020’ East longitude ) and on the North bank of _____ river’s lower sec:on (_____ province) with area of 0,3 km2 (300m by 1000m).”
DON’T: Offer lengthy, detailed fact-‐based geography or history descrip$ons DO: Explain the “special characteris$cs” of the site and the reasons for inscrip$on (significance)
SOUVs – experience from Asia • Iden$fying the key values of the site
”______town is an excep:onal example of well-‐preserved tradi:onal Asian trading port with the core area of the town surrounded by original and various ecological – human environments consis:ng of: tradi:onal professional village, environment of river – water – seashore – island –dune. The town seLng and landscape of the tradi:onal sailing –boat commercial port town as well as the tradi:onal custom, rituals and cultural ac:vi:es of indigenous residents have been conserved well.”
DON’T: Include as many values as possible DO: Focus on the OUV of the site
SOUVs – experience from Asia • Linking the values of the site with aQributes
“______town is the fusion of indigenous and foreign cultures over :me in an interna:onal sailing-‐boat commercial port town from 15th century to 19th century . It is presented on mainly wooden architectural buildings including shop-‐houses and religious buildings between 17th ~ 19th century dates which are distributed along narrow tradi:onal roads, aQached to the building up, changing process and to the appearance and development of inhabitant community in port town.”
DON’T: Be vague or incomplete or irrelevant in lis$ng aQributes (hint: see page 59 of the manual) DO: Select specific aQributes which are essen$al for conveying the values clearly and comprehensively
Vat Phou and Associated Se1lements within the Champassak Cultural Landscape Inscribed in 2001 Criteria (iii), (iv) and (vi)
Vat Phou temple complex is a major example of both early and classic Khmer architecture of the 7th–12th centuries AD. This complex is the focal point of a sophis$cated cultural landscape centred on the Champasak Plain, taking in the Phou Kao mountain to the west and the banks of the Mekong River to the east.
Vat Phou criteria for OUV • Criterion iii. The temple complex of Vat Phou bears excep$onal
tes$mony to the cultures of southeast Asia, and in par$cular to the Khmer Empire which dominated the region in the 10-‐14th centuries.
• Criterion iv: The Vat Phou complex is an outstanding example of the integra$on of a symbolic landscape of great spiritual significance to its natural surroundings.
• Criterion vi: Contrived to express the Hindu version of the rela$onship between nature and humanity, Vat Phou exhibits a remarkable complex of monuments and other structures over an extensive area between river and mountain, some of outstanding architecture, many containing great works of art, and all expressing intense religious convic$on and commitment.
Wat comparable sites?
Angkor Inscribed 1992 Criteria (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)
One of the most important archaeological sites in South-‐East Asia., stretching over some 400 km2, including forested area, Angkor Archaeological Park contains the magnificent remains of the different capitals of the Khmer Empire, from the 9th to the 15th century, including Angkor Wat.
Phimai, its Cultural Route and the Associated Temples of Phanomroong and Muangtam
Included on Thailand’s TL in 2004 Indica$ve criteria (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)
An ancient Khmer city located 260 kilometres northwest of Angkor, Phimai together with the Cultural Route and the associated temples of Phanomrung and Muangtam are among the finest Khmer monuments and cons$tute a tes$mony to the civilisa$on, prosperity and wealth, and the power of the Khmer Empire at its peak.
Temple of Preah Vihear Inscribed 2008 Criteria (i)
Dedicated to Shiva, the temple is composed of a series of sanctuaries over an 800-‐metre long axis which is excep$onal for the quality of its architecture.
Vat Phou
Less decorated and less well-‐preserved than Angkor…. But comparable to important sites outside modern Cambodia… And a rare example of a linear Khmer temple (comparable to Preah Vihear)… Also, rela$vely early -‐-‐ da$ng back to 7th C, compared with Angkor [10-‐14th C], Phimai [11th C] and Preah Vihear [11th C].
Angkor et al
Vat Phou
Vat Phou is the only known early cultural landscape preserving good and rela$vely undamaged evidence for beginnings of urbanism and landscape engineering for prac$cal and spiritual needs by the Khmer.
Angkor et al
Vat Phou
At Vat Phou, broader scien$fic understanding of Khmer culture due to possibility for systema$c field research that has uncovered evidence for rural agglomera$on, state forma$on, urbaniza$on, communica$on (within and outside of the territory). Whereas at Angkor, evidence mainly focused from epigraphic and art historical analysis, with limited archaeological study (due to restricted access to site or damage from war). So the Vat Phou cultural landscape’s significance lies in providing a broader scien$fic perspec$ve of forma$on and evolu$on of Khmer civiliza$on as a whole.
Angkor et al
