Southeastern Facility Masters Conference November 18-20, 2008 Little Rock, Arkansas Larry Schoff, PE Consultant to the US Department of Energy’s EnergySmart

Southeastern Facility Masters Conference November 18-20, 2008Little Rock, Arkansas

Larry Schoff, PEConsultant to the

US Department of Energy’s EnergySmart Schools Program

“Diamonds are Forever”But the sparkle in your school may

be wasted energy.

It’s the Little Things – Low-Cost /No-Cost

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1. Promote 50% improved efficiency in new schools and major renovations or additions and 30% in existing buildings

2. Develop and disseminate technical guidance, best practices and case studies which address existing buildings and new construction

3. Identify sources of financing for high performance schools and provide tools that help stakeholders make a compelling business case

4. Collaborate with national, regional, and local partners to promote healthy, high-performance schools

Anticipated total energy savings from 700 schools: 0.002 quads with $14 million in cost savings to schools by 2020

Catalyze significant improvements in energy efficiency by promoting schools that progress towards net-zero energy buildings

DOE EnergySmart Schools

Goals Approach Impact

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DOE EnergySmart Schools (cont.)

New Construction and Major Renovations• Primarily suburban districts and states with growing

populations• Opportunity: Design in sustainability and high-performance

from the outset• Target: At least 50% energy savings over ASHRAE

standards

Existing Buildings/Retrofits• Primarily urban and rural districts, some driven by

consolidations or need to upgrade aging infrastructures• Target: At least 30% energy savings

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Presentation Outline

Observations

How Schools are Typically Operated?

Energy Management Best Practices

Opportunities and Strategies

Financing High Performance Schools

Conclusion

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Observations (cont.)

Hallway Lighting

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Lack of Sensors

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Over-Illumination

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Wrong Fixtures and Lamps

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Classroom Lighting

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Improper Use of Controls and Switches

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Blinds, Shades

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Plug Loads

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Phantom Loads

13 Watts

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Covered or Blocked Unit Ventilators

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Lack of Knowledge

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How Schools are Typically Operated

• Without knowledge of energy use and impact of individuals actions

• No uniform energy policy• No approved Energy Management Plan• Limited preventive maintenance• Lack of total involvement of personnel• All impact performance – energy efficiency

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Energy Management Best Practices

• Utility Management – need to know how much you use before you can determine how much you can save

• ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager – Baseline• Review and approve utility bills• Energy use audit of each facility• Building occupancy profiles• Building characteristic and systems

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Energy Management Best Practices (cont.)

• Understanding of EMCS System• Develop and obtain approval of energy policy• Develop an energy regulation• Develop an energy management plan

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• Develop and obtain approval of an Energy Policy— foundation for EMP– Short document – 3 or 4 short paragraphs– Include a statement of purpose

• “.. Provide leadership in developing a realistic energy ethic in the operations of our facilities ……. Success is the joint responsibility of governing body, administrators, teachers, students and all organization personnel and is based on their cooperation….”

– Policy should include “… Superintendent is responsible to implement …. and administrators will be evaluated on the success …..”

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• Regulation to Implement Policy– Regulations can state specifics about the operations of energy

systems in your buildings– Regulation can establish accountability– Regulation can include the establishment of Energy Manager

Position and a Energy Mgt Team– Establishment of an incentive program– Establishment of a reporting and evaluation system

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• Development of an EMP– Statement of Purpose “…Guide the operation of the agency

to achieve the highest standards in energy/water use/environmental and economic performance…”

– State goals – “… X percent reduction in energy use for each facility by the FY 20xx –20yy..”

• Can be in several areas including training and education– Sets objectives to achieve each goal

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Opportunities and Strategies

Commissioning of Building Systems

Lighting

Plug Loads

Phantom Loads

HVAC

Energy Efficient Transformers

Buildings as a Teaching Tool

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Opportunities and Strategies (cont.)

Commissioning of Building Systems• Re-Commissioning can provide an opportunity to

tune-up your building• Retro-Commission a building that has not been

commissioned

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Lighting• Control hallway lights in segments with

multiple switches• Use sensors to automatically dim lights

when natural light is present• Install motion detectors with manual

override to cut lights in unoccupied hallways and seldom-used rooms

• Use compact fluorescent light bulbs in storage closets

• Clean lamp lenses• Upgrade lamps—New lamps produce

more light so fewer are needed

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Lighting• Don’t over-do classroom lighting

– Most designed over 70+FC– 50FC recommended

• Install separate switches for lights near windows and for lights near interior walls

• Install motion detectors to cut lights in unused classrooms

• Control top outlet of a duplex outlet with occupancy sensor

• Separate switches for task lights and room lights

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Lighting• Use fluorescent outdoor lights• If school has security system – turn off all

interior lighting minutes after being set– Exterior lighting (current) – turn off completely– Exterior lighting (new tech) – sector/motion– Potential energy savings – 10-15%

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Plug Loads• Educational devices or appliances plugged into a

school’s electrical system—Up to 25%• 120/208 volt electrical systems• Examples in schools: copiers, refrigerators, pop

machines, microwaves

• Examples in the classroom: computers, TV’s, DVD

players, tape players, boom box, radios, CD players,

printers, scanners, copiers, fish tanks, mini-refrigerators,

toasters, coffee pots, hot plates, overhead projectors, LCD

projectors

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Plug Loads• Vending Machines• Install vending misers on soft

drink and snack machines • Remove internal lighting • 50% energy savings• Computers

– Turn off computer monitors when not in use

– Install energy-saving screen savers

– Purchase new ENERGY STAR computers

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Phantom Loads• Also known as “Stand-by Power” and

“Leaking Power” • Phantom loads exist in equipment with

electronic clocks or timers, with remote controls, portable equipment and equipment with wall cubes

• This equipment can consume energy from 3 to 25 watts per hour when turned off

• Wall cubes big “phantoms” • Up to 5%

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Phantom Loads• Control plug and phantom loads by

– Conducting a plug load survey – Education– Energy awareness training– Developing energy guidelines for plug loads

• Include fees for personal items• Have “teeth” in the guidelines

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HVAC Systems• Install an energy-efficient HVAC system• Size HVAC system appropriate to square footage and

design• Control outside air• Control unit operation• Conduct preventive maintenance• Change filters• Site heat producing equipment away from thermostats• Don’t block vents or use unit ventilators as shelves

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Energy Efficient Transformers• Currently, out of sight and out of mind—Today a “Dark

Hole for Energy Inefficiency” in all building types

Energy Being Lost Behind Closed Doors

Energy Efficient Transformers

A “Gold Mine” for efficiency and cost reductions

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Energy Efficient Transformers• A DOE study* found that:

– Aging infrastructure and lightly loaded transformers– 60-80 Billion kWh losses annually

• 40+ Million in commercial buildings– Installing energy efficient transformers can save the equivalent

of 9 days of electric power generation

* Federal Register – Part II Department of Energy, EERE, 10 CFR Part 430, Energy Conservation Program for Commercial and Industrial Equipment : Energy Conservation Standards for Distribution Transformers, July 29, 2004.

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Potential Energy Savings– Use of lighting systems – 30-40% of classroom

lighting– Lighting controls – 10%– Type of lighting – HVAC – up to 20%– Plug loads – 25%+ of current plug load– Phantom loads – 50% of up to 5%

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Buildings as a Teaching Tool• Students, Administration, Community• Increases energy awareness• Have it interactive

– Twenhofel Middle School, KY

• Provides hands on experiences• Translate technologies and building features to

everyday life

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• Principles of Financing

• Making a Business Case

• Financing Options

• State, Federal and Non-Profit Resources

Co-branded by ASBOEndorsed by NSBA

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Financing High-Performance Schools

Principle 1. Determine Project Objectives

Principle 2. Avoid Cream Skimming

Principle 3. Identify All Cash Flows

Principle 4. Focus on Life-Cycle Cost Analysis

Principle 5. Select an Effective Cost-Benefit Mechanism

Principle 6. Monitor and Verify Results

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Principle 2. Avoid Cream Skimming

Financing High-Performance Schools (cont.)

Investing in relatively low-cost projects with quick paybacks undermines efforts to finance more capital-intensive efforts with significant long-term benefits that can leverage those short-term payback.

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In today’s world, operation of

educational buildings should

reflect not only the needs of the

district but also the needs and

goals of the Nation.

Let’s make High-Performance

Buildings leading to Net Zero

Energy Schools one of our goals

in the 21st century.

It’s Not Rocket Science

Conclusion

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Webinar 1

Top 10 No-Cost Ways to Lower Your

School’s Utility Bills

Webinar 2

Top 10 Low-Cost Ways to Lower Your

School's Utility Bills

Webinar 3

Top 10 Investments to Lower Your

School's Utility Bills

For more information:Emily L. Knupp202-552-1398 (direct) www.usgbc.ogwww.buildgreenschools.org

Sponsored by

December 3, 2008, 1:00 – 2:30 PM EST

January 21, 2009, 1:00 – 2:30 PM EST

Completed

Hosted by

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www.energysmartschools.gov

Margo AppelBuilding Technologies ProgramU.S. Department of Energy(202) [email protected]

Larry SchoffEnergy Efficient Solutions(540) [email protected]

Information, tools and resources available at

Documents

Southeastern Facility Masters Conference November 18-20, 2008 Little Rock, Arkansas Larry Schoff, PE Consultant to the US Department of Energy’s EnergySmart