SonicScope475 Tool Brochure

7/27/2019 SonicScope475 Tool Brochure

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SonicScope 475Multipole sonic-while-drilling service


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a fast shear because shear slowness (1 / velocity)

is faster than the mud slowness. When shear

slowness is slower than the mud slowness, a

quadrupole tool is needed to provide the shear

measurement.

The SonicScope 475 service combines high-

quality monopole and quadrupole measurements

to deliver robust compressional and shear

slownessesalong with enhanced Stoneley

datain a wide range of applications, regardless

of mud slowness. This sonic information is valuable

not only to drillers, but to geophysicists, geologists,

petrophysicists, and reservoir and completion

engineers.

Real-time pore pressure monitoring,wellbore stability, and seismic tie-in

for deepwater wellsRobust real-time compressional and shear slow-nesses are fundamental to pore pressure monitoring

and wellbore stability evaluation. This real-time

geomechanical evaluation, independent of

formation temperature and salinity effects, helps

properly evaluate the pore pressure window so

that mud weight can be adjusted to mitigate the

risks of wellbore instability and kicks. The same

robust, real-time data can be used for sonic-to-

seismic ties that allow bit-on-seismic positioning

and minimize well placement and casing

positioning uncertainty.

Innovative design has given the latest generationof Schlumberger sonic technology

SonicScope* 475 multipole sonic while drilling

a whole new set of capabilities. The SonicScope

475 service combines multipole measurementsfor high data quality with robust, advanced

solutions. Completely reassessed strategies for

handling and processing acoustic data, coupled

with extensive modeling, ensure a predictable

SonicScope response in almost any environment.

The multipole SonicScope 475 service was

developed to meet the oil and gas industrys

increasing demand for real-time and recorded

compressional and shear data in both fast

and slow formationsespecially in offshore

exploration-to-development fields. In a fast

formation, a monopole tool can deliver only

Real-time multipole sonic-while-drilling service foradvanced drilling optimization, formation evaluation,and completion design.

SonicScope 475

48 wideband receivers digitize

signal at sensor for cleaner

acoustic signal. Industrys finest

interreceiver sampling prevents

aliasing of any kind.

Attenuator section is optimized by

modeling for enhanced sonic logging

quality in hard formations.

Wideband multipole transmitter

enables monopole, quadrupole,

and Stoneley measurements.

Adjustable centralizer sizes allow

robust sonic deliveries. Centralizer

design provides high-flow area

to avoid drilling risks.

Quadrupole for

shear slownesses

in slow formations

Low-frequency

monopole for

Stoneley acquisition

High-frequencymonopole for

compressional and

shear slownesses

in fast formations


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Benefits

Confident decision making

Reduced drilling risk and cost

More-effective mud program management

Accurate seismic positioning

Completion design optimization to enhance production

Features

Real-time slowness time projection, surface labeling, and QC logs

Real-time best guess compressional and shear data from

downhole smart logic

Robust shear data in slow formations from patented quadrupole

processing technique

Real-time station measurements during connections

Wideband multipole transmitter to prevent complex source selection

48 digitized receivers with industrys finest interreceiver spacing

to prevent aliasing at any depth

Flexible multimode, high-resolution acquisition recorded in

1-GB memory

High-speed acquisition and real-time capability up to 1,800 ft/h

for 6-in sampling

Unique acoustic structure and processing techniques to provide

high-quality compressional and shear data regardless of mud slowness

Deepwater Applications

Drilling optimization

Borehole stability and

pore pressure monitoring

Geomechanics

Sonic-to-seismic processing

Top-of-cement detection

Tight Gas Applications

Fracture detection

Porosity evaluation

Perforation location optimization

Hydraulic fracturing optimization

The formation data that SonicScope 475

measurements provide significantly reduces

deepwater drilling risk and cost. This high-quality,

real-time sonic data is critical for optimizing

drilling programs and managing drilling concerns,such as

optimizing mud weight

monitoring pore pressure independent of

formation temperature and salinity effects

identifying gas influx or formation gas

predicting borehole stability

positioning bit on seismic using synthetics

understanding rock mechanical properties

identifying top of cement.

The multipole capability of the SonicScope 475

service provides continuous, reliable shear data,regardless of mud slowness, for

quantitative information for AVO analysis

a fluid-independent pore-pressure trend

true wellbore stability analysis

advanced drilling optimization estimating

the fracture gradient

gas detection and saturation estimation.


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Easy workflows and robust automated

real-time outputs

The ImPulse* integrated MWD platform sends

SonicScope 475 real-time fast-formation

compressional and shear slownesses to the

surface, while drilling, using mud pulse telemetry.

To ensure high-quality sonic, new algorithms were

developed to compute robust real-time compres-

sional and shear logs without prior knowledge of

formation characteristics. With these algorithms,

input of bit size and mud type enables outputof robust real-time answers from downhole

processing via mud pulse telemetry, with little

need for expert support.

Full slowness time (ST) projection and pumps-off

station measurements are sent to the surface to

add crucial QC data for pore pressure monitoring

and wellbore stability evaluation. The InterACT*

connectivity, collaboration, and information system

enables all SonicScope 475 real-time data to be

continuously monitored and evaluated by experts

at a remote location, allowing more efficient and

timely decision making. SonicScope multipole

data are also recorded for further analysis andenhanced processing.

Field-proven reliability

During a 100-job field test campaign, SonicScope 475 high-quality multipole

data compared favorably with wireline sonic reference logs even in a highly

damaged and unstable formation. The SonicScope 475 service was often

run in challenging environments in which wireline logging would have been

too complicated. As a result of this field testing, the following capabilities

were added to the SonicScope 475 service to enhance reliability and

logging efficiency:

high downhole computation power for real-time capability

at any logging speed while drilling, tripping, or washing down

flexible downlink commands self-diagnostics for automatic downhole recovery

capability to operate without battery, if required

standby mode to extend memory and battery life, accessible

by downlink at any time.

ohm.m2 2,000

Phase Shift Resistivity 34-in Spacingat 2 MHz, Environmentally Corrected,

ImPulse, Real-Time

ohm.m2 2,000

Phase Shift Resistivity 40-in Spacingat 2 MHz, Environmentally Corrected,

ImPulse, Real-Time

Delta-T Compressional, SonicScope, Real-Time

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Shear, SonicScope, Real-Time

us/ft40 240

us/ftReal-Time Monopole Slowness Projection

40 240

Min. Amplitude Max.Min. Amplitude Max.

msSonicScope Waveforms

0 5

Min. Amplitude Max.

AzimuthalGamma Ray Image

Delta-T Compressional, SonicScope

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Shear, SonicScope

us/ft40 240

us/ftMonopole Slowness Projection

40 240

Min. Amplitude Max.

100 ft

Gamma Ray

gAPI0 150

gAPI0 150

Shear

Compressional

Shear

Compressional

SonicScope real-time compressional and shear data with slowness time projection QC.

The SonicScope service can be used to optimize perforation designs.

Initial design

Optimized design with SonicScope advanced products added

X30

X35

X40

X45

X50

X55

55,00035,000

Stress, kPa

Depth,m

-6

Fracture width

at wellbore, mm

0 6

Fracture half-length, m

75500 25 100

0237 mD.m237474 mD.m

474711 mD.m711948 mD.m9481,185 mD.m1,1851,422 mD.m1,4221,659 mD.m1,6591,897 mD.m> 1,897 mD.m

Robust SonicScope data has beenacquired while drilling pilot holesriserless in a deepwater project.

Reliable and continuous SonicScope

quadrupole shear data up to 600 us/ftallows assessment of rock mechanicalproperties for an entire drilled section.


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Completion design and optimization in tight gas reservoirsProper understanding of reservoir contact and quality, geology, the fracture

network, and rock mechanics is crucial for designing the increasingly complex

completion systems needed to optimize future production. The development

of a multistage hydraulic fracturing completion system, for example, requires

knowledge of rock mechanics along the well to calibrate the mechanical

earth model (MEM) and better predict and localize fracture development.

Production can be increased significantly by using SonicScope 475 data

and workflows to design and optimize completion strategies. As an example,accurate prediction of fracture propagation and knowledge of rock mechanics

help avoid water zone fracturing and its potential negative impact on

future production.

High-quality compressional and shear for robust advanced applications

Innovative design and powerful downhole capability enable the SonicScope

475 service to acquire robust compressional and shear data, while drilling,

even in fast formations in which collar arrivals and higher noise levels

make sonic acquisition a challenge. The SonicScope attenuator section

is optimized to minimize collar arrival and allow its removal by a dedicated

processing techniqueeven during real-time operation. Because it has

48 receivers that digitize the signal at the sensors, the SonicScope 475

service has superior acoustic sensitivity that enables logging operations in

noisier environments than previously possible.

In addition, SonicScope 475 downhole computation

power allows more complex processing and

acquisition while drilling, reaming, tripping in,

or pulling out of hole at up to 1,800 ft/h. The

SonicScope 475 service also allows great

acquisition flexibility. It can be controlled through

mud pulses and wired drillpipe, powered by an

MWD turbine, and run with or without batteries,

making it possible to adapt sonic logging to other

rig activities nearly indefinitely. A standby mode

and default configurations allow SonicScope 475

functionality to be customized to the logging

program, saving memory and battery power

whenever necessary.

Stoneley for fracture evaluation

A unique SonicScope 475 mode allows Stoneley

wave acquisition, while drilling, before any washout

can develop. The Stoneley borehole wave is

sensitive to fracture permeability and aperture,

and can be inverted using a forward modeling

technique. This inversion allows Stoneley fracture

evaluation in highly deviated and horizontal wellsfor which running conventional wireline logs may

be uneconomical or technologically challenging.

Both the completion system and understanding

of reservoir geology can be optimized by using

the SonicScope 475 service to locate an open,

permeable fracture, and then inverting the fractures

aperture and fluid mobility through forward modeling.

In water-base mud, Stoneley for fracture analysis

can be combined with while-drilling high-resolution

imaging to completely describe the fracture network.

Predictable acoustics and enhanced

data qualityThe SonicScope 475 acoustic structure andprocessing design draws on Schlumberger

experience with the wireline Sonic Scanner*

acoustic scanning platform. Innovative features

that help provide reliable high-quality multipole

measurements include

statistical downhole stacking for reduced

drilling noise

downhole modal decontamination from four

azimuth receivers

entirely modeled and fully predictable

acoustic behavior

an optimized attenuator section to minimizedirect tool arrival

a dedicated processing technique to remove

collar arrival.In a fast formation, while-drillingSonicScope 475 monopolecompressional and shear datashowed 99% agreement withSonic Scanner wireline acousticscanning platform monopolecompressional and shear overa 1,000-ft interval.

Stoneley for fracture analysisshowing strong reflectionsinterpreted as open permeablefractures. Completion design waschanged based on knowledge

of fracture location and natureof the fluid drained.

1,000 ft

SonicScope 475Multipole Sonic While Drilling

us/ft40 240

SonicScopeMonopole Slowness Projection

Sonic ScannerAcoustic Scanning Platform

Sonic ScannerMonopole Slowness Projection

us/ft40 240us/ft

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Compressional,Sonic Scanner Monopole

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Dipole

Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Monopole

Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Monopole

Delta-T Compressional,SonicScope Monopole

40 240

us/ft40 240

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Monopole

Delta-T Compressional,SonicScope Monopole

us/ft40 240

us/ft40 240

Delta-T Shear,Sonic Scanner Monopole

Delta-T Compressional,Sonic Scanner Monopole

us/ft40 240

us/ft40 240

Wireline compressional, us/ft

SonicScopecompressional,us/ft

1400

140

0

SonicScope Stoneley Waveform

us0

2,710

8,000

2,720

2,730

2,740

2,750

2,760

2,770

2,780

2,790


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Reliable compressional and shear data

regardless of mud slownessA sequential SonicScope 475 process offers the highest sonic-while-drillingdata quality and robust output measurements. This process acquires all

modes without affecting logging speed and performs downhole recording

and processing of

high-frequency monopole for compressional and shear slownesses

in fast formations, which are defined as DTshear < DTmud where DT is

slowness (1 / velocity)

wideband-frequency quadrupole for shear slownesses in slow formations,

which are defined as DTshear

> DTmud

(available only in recorded mode)

low-frequency Stoneley for fracture and mobility analysis (available only

in recorded mode)

while-tripping fast-logging multimode for multipass analysis and top-of-

cement evaluation (available only in recorded mode).

The SonicScope 475 service has a powerful broadband transmitter that can

excite borehole monopole and quadrupole modes over a frequency band

of 1 to 20 kHz, and 48 receivers with 4-in spacing. This combination delivers

high-quality waveforms that are digitized at the sensors. Extra computation

power, added to the SonicScope 475 service by design, permits use of

advanced downhole algorithms and will allow further development of

the service.

Quadrupole shear slownessesTo measure shear slownesses that are slower than mud slownesses

common in slow formationswireline sonic tools use dipoles to excite the

borehole flexural waves. Wireline tools, however, are less rigid than drill

collars, and LWD flexural modes are much faster than wireline modes.The SonicScope 475 quadrupole measurement is not affected by these

differences because quadrupole borehole and tool modes are distinct

and do not interfere with one another. In isotropic and homogeneous

formations, SonicScope 475 quadrupole shear slownesses agree with

wireline dipole sonic logs.

SonicScope quadrupole data acquisition follows modal decomposition by

four different arrays 90 apart. This technique, along with stacking performed

over multiple acquisitions, reduces the impact of drilling noise and other

modes that could interfere with measurement quality. A patented processing

algorithm and associated workflow and QC displays, developed to determine

formation shear slownesses, account for dispersive effect and tool presence.

The shear slowness is extracted using a parameter inversion that maximizes

the dispersive semblance over a wide frequency range.

SonicScope 475 monopolecompressional and shear datashowed 99% agreementwith wireline Sonic Scannermonopole compressional andshear over a 1,000-ft interval.

SonicScope continuouscompressional and shear datacan accurately locate gas-to-oiltransition zones.

In a slow formation, while-drillingSonicScope monopole compressionaland quadrupole shear slownessesshowed good agreement with wirelinemonopole compressional and dipoleshear over a 1,000-ft interval.

1,000 ft

us/ft40 240

SonicScopeMonopole Slowness Projection

WirelineMonopole Slowness Projection

us/ft40 240

LWD-Wireline Comparison

Delta-T Shear,SonicScope Quadrupole

Delta-T Shear,Wireline Lower Dipole

us/ft80 380

us/ft80 380

Slowness,

us/ft

350

300

250

200

150

0 5 10

Frequency, kHz

SonicScope Quadrupole Data

Measured data Modeled data

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Formation evaluationThe many formation evaluation applications for SonicScope 475 data include

compressional speed/shear wave speed (Vp/Vs) ratio determination

in all formations

porosity measurement without a radioactive source

complex lithology identification

light-hydrocarbon detection.

Robust surface-labeled compressional and shear measurements can be used

quantitatively for assessing rock mechanics, performing sanding analysis

for production and fracture design, and gas detection. In geological and

geophysical applications, the SonicScope service provides information

about the amount of connected porosity without using radioactive sources.

This is particularly advantageous in carbonate reservoirs because the

SonicScope 475 tool responds only to interconnected porositynot to vuggy

porosity. Used alone or with other LWD porosity measurements, such as those

made by the adnVISION* azimuthal density neutron tool, the SonicScope

porosity measurement can greatly increase reservoir understanding.

Using SonicScope 475 measurements to update the predrilling velocity-to-

pressure transform and the StethoScope* formation pressure-while-drilling

service to measure the true formation pressure reduces pore-pressure-

prediction model uncertainty, enabling an operator to significantly reduce

well costs by extending casing depths or possibly eliminating an entirecasing section.

Reliable high-quality sonic data to guide decisionsWhether used for real-time pore pressure monitoring, wellbore stability,

and seismic tie-in in deepwater wells; completion design and optimization;

or formation evaluation, the SonicScope 475 multipole sonic-while-drilling

service delivers the high-quality compressional, shear, and Stoneley data

needed to guide decisions. The SonicScope 475 service can be relied upon

to help minimize risk and maximize production in just about any environment.


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One operator saved1.5 days of dedicatedlogging by identifyingtop of cement fromSonicScope datarecorded in memory.

www.slb.com/SonicScope

*Mark of Schlumberger

Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners.

Copyright 2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 10-DR-0211

SonicScope 475

Multipole SonicScope data acquired

and recorded downhole have been

combined to provide continuous,

high-quality compressional and shear

data for MEM and correlation with

surface seismic data to reduce drilling

risks and accurately place the well

on target while maximizing reservoir

understanding.

Measurement Specifications

Hole size, in [mm] 558 to 8 [143 to 203]

Measurements

Monopole compressional and shear Slowness (DT), full waveforms

Quadrupole shear Slowness (DT), full waveforms

Stoneley Slowness (DT), full waveforms

Compressional slowness 40 to 180 us/ft

Shear slowness 60 to 600 us/ft, regardless of mud type

Sensors 1 multipole transmitter and 48 receivers

Downhole memory

Capacity 1 GB

Recording time 6 days at 10-s record rate recording

all modes continuously10 days at 15-s record rate recordingall modes continuously

Max. logging speed, ft/h [m/h] 1,800 [548]

Battery life 5 days when operating on battery only

Power supply Battery or turbine

Combinability Fully combinable with all Schlumberger tools

Mechanical Specifications

Collar OD, in [mm] 4.82 [122.43]

Max. collar OD, in [mm] 5.38 [136.65]

Collar length, ft [m] 30 [9]

Drill collar connection, in [mm] 4.82 [122.43] NC38 box

Screw-on 3-blade stabilizersUphole and downhole

distance apart, ft [m] 16.7 [5.1]

Max. OD, in [mm] 5.5 [139.7], 5.75 [146.05], 6 [152.4], 6.5 [165.1]

Total flow area (TFA) More than 35%

Max. dogleg

Sliding, /ft [/m] 30/100 [30/30]

Rotating, /ft [/m] 15/100 [15/30]

Max. flow rate, galUS/min [L/min] 400 [1,514]

Pressure drop constant (C) 7,500

Max. pressure, psi [MPa] 25,000 [172.369]

Max. temperature, degF [degC] 300 [150]

Max. system shock level 30 min at Shock Level 3 (50-gn threshold), oraccumulated 200,000 shocks above 50 g

n

Combining monopole and quadrupole acquisitionformation signal level required to measure shear

slowness from 300 to 600 us/ft is function of noise level present while logging.

One-second sampling at 1,800 ft/h or 10-second sampling at 180 ft/h provides two samples/ft.

Tool can also be run batteryless for unlimited time.

TFA in in is more than 35% of annular flow section (equivalent drill collar).

Documents

SonicScope475 Tool Brochure