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dk;Zdkjh lkjka’kdk;Zdkjh lkjka’kdk;Zdkjh lkjka’kdk;Zdkjh lkjka’k
ifj;kstuk ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh ifj;kstuk ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh ifj;kstuk ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh ifj;kstuk ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh
mRrjkapy ou fodkl fuxe (UAFDC) ,d dkuwuh fudk; gS ftldk la?kVu jkT; ljdkj ds
}kjk fd;k x;k gSA bl fuxe dk fuekZ.k ou ds csgrj lja{k.k] fujh{k.k vkSj fodkl ds fy, fd;k
x;k gS vkSj lkFk gh bldk fuekZ.k blfy, fd;k x;k gS ftlls jkT; ds Hkhrj ou mRiknksa dk
csgrj rjhds ls mi;ksx fd;k tk lds vkSj blls lEcfU/kr ekeyksa ij dke fd;k tk ldsA
;g fuxe u dsoy vius foRrh; igyw esa izxfr dj jgk gS cfYd viuh xfrfof/k;ksa ds fofo/khdj.k
dh fn’kk esa Hkh vkxs c<+ jgk gSA
fuxe us lajf{kr ou {ks=ksa ds Hkhrj fLFkr ufn;ksa ls y?kq yo.kksa ds laxzg.k vkSj fMTiksty dk dke
Hkh ‘kq: fd;k gS] vkS”k/kh; xq.kksa ds ikS/kksa dk laxzg.k vkSj foi.ku Hkh ‘kq: fd;k gSA ;g
ikfjfLFkfrdh Ik;ZVu esa Hkh dke djrk gSA lkFk gh ou foHkkx ds }kjk lkSais x;s e`r] ej jgs vkSj
m[kM+s gq, isM+ksa dks gVkus dk Hkh dke djrk gSA
orZeku esa foHkkx us lksax unh ls y?kq yo.kksa ds fu”d”kZ.k dh izLrkouk nh gSA ,slk blfy, fd;k
tk jgk gS rkfd unh ds izokg dks fu;fer fd;k tk lds vkSj ou {ks= ds fodkl ds fy, bl
izfØ;k ls jktLo mRiUu fd;k tk ldsA bl {ks= esa cgqr yEcs le; ls gks jgs volknu ds dkj.k
unh pkSM+h gks x;h gS] ftlls blds ou {ks=] d`f”k Hkwfe vkSj vkcknh {ks= esa ‘kkfey gks tkus dk
[krjk c<+ x;k gSA blfy, fdukjs ds dsUnzh; Hkkx ls unh fdukjs ds inkFkksaZ dks gVkus dh izLrkouk
nh x;h gSA
[kuu {ks= dks rhu {ks=ksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS lksax&1] lksax&2] vkSj lksax&3A ;g lkjka’k
lkasx&2 {ks= ls lEcfU/kr gSA
lksax&2 dk dqy miyC/k {ks= 273 gsDVs;j gS] tks nsgjknwu ou foHkkx] ftyk nsgjknwu] mRrjk[kaM
ds vUrxZr vkrk gSA mijksDr {ks= esa iwohZ fdukjs ij ljaf{kr ou {ks= gSA y?kq&yo.kksa dk laxzg.k
dqy {ks=Qy ds 50 izfr’kr Hkkx esa ls fd;k tk;sxk (136-5 gsDVs;j)] unh ds fdukjs ds izR;sd
fdukjs ij 25 izfr’kr {ks= dks NksM+ fn;k tk;sxk rkfd o”kkZ ds ekSle esa ikuh dk csgrj
pSuyhdj.k gks lds vkSj vkl ikl dh ouHkwfe vkSj vkcknh ds {ks=ksa dks ck<+ ls cpk;k tk ldsA
lksax unh esa] nsgjknwu ftys esa [kuu {ks=] tks 6-25 fdeh {ks= esa QSyk gS] xaxk unh ds csflu esa
iM+rk gSA bl mn~ns’; ds fy, 273 gsDVs;j {ks=Qy vkoafVr fd;k x;k gS ftlesa ls 136-5
gsDVs;j izHkkoh dk;Z {ks= gksxkA unh fdukjs ds inkFkksaZ ds izLrkfor fu”d”kZ.k dh ek=k 4-25 yk[k
?ku ehVj ;k 7-65 yk[k Vu izfr o”kZ gksxhA bl [kuu esa unh fdukjs ls feV~Vh] jsrk vkSj ctjh
dk fu”d”kZ.k ‘kkfey gSA ;g dk;Z ekuoh; :Ik ls fd;k tk;sxk ftlesa unh fdukjs mifLFkr inkFkksaZ
dk fu”d”kZ.k blds ekStwnk :Ik esa gh fd;k tk;sxkA jsrk vkSj ctjh dk laxzg.k unh fdukjs ds
inkFkksaZ dks Nku dj fd;k tk;sxkA [kuu dk dk;Z dsoy 1-5 ehVj dh xgjkbZ rd gh fd;k
tk;sxk] blfy, dsoy gkFk ds vkStkjksa tSls csypk] rlyh vkSj Nyuh vkfn dk gh mi;ksx fd;k
tk;sxkA [kuu dk dke dsoy fnu ds le; gh fd;k tk;sxkA unh fdukjs ds inkFkksaZ dk fu”d”kZ.k
ekulwu ds ekSle ds nkSjku iwjh rjg ls jksd fn;k tk;sxkA
ifj;kstuk dh ykxr ifj;kstuk dh ykxr ifj;kstuk dh ykxr ifj;kstuk dh ykxr
bl ifj;kstuk ds dk;Z dks ^u ykHk u gkfu* ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxk pwafd blds ckn gksus okyh
fcØh dk mi;ksx ou ds lja{k.k ds fy, fd;k tk;sxkA
y?kq yo.kksa ds laxzg.k ls jktLo dh izkfIr y?kq yo.kksa ds laxzg.k ls jktLo dh izkfIr y?kq yo.kksa ds laxzg.k ls jktLo dh izkfIr y?kq yo.kksa ds laxzg.k ls jktLo dh izkfIr
Øe la[;k jktLo dh lkexzh izkfIr izfr Vu (:i;ksa esa )
izfr’krrk
1 ikfjJfed
25.00 38.11
2 ou foHkkx (unh izf’k{k.k] lh , lM+d ‘kqYd] ifjogu ‘kqYd vkfn )
19.5 29.73
3 UAFDC 14.80 22.56
4 dj (oSV] LVSEi M~;wVh] vk;dj) 5.80 8.84
5 Jfed dY;k.k 0.50 0.76
6 dqy 65.60
mijksDr ds vykok Jfed ykxr yxHkx 100 : izfr VuA
Ik;kZoj.kh izHkko ewY;kaduIk;kZoj.kh izHkko ewY;kaduIk;kZoj.kh izHkko ewY;kaduIk;kZoj.kh izHkko ewY;kadu vkSj izcU/ku ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh vkSj izcU/ku ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh vkSj izcU/ku ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh vkSj izcU/ku ds ckjs esa laf{kIr tkudkjh izLrkfor ifj;kstuk fnukad 19 tuojh] 2009 dh Ik;kZoj.k izHkko ewY;kadu vf/klwpuk ds vuqlkj
vkbVe 1 (i) ( yo.kksa dk [kuu) ds vUrxZr vkrh gSA ifj;kstuk Js.kh , ds vUrxZr vk;sxh vkSj
bls i;kZoj.k ,oa ou ea=ky; ls Ik;kZoj.kh LoPNrk ds izek.k dh vko’;drk gksxhA
tuojh ls ekpZ 2010 rd dh vof/k ds fy, bl ifj;kstuk ds fy, ,d bZ vkbZ , @ bZ ,e ih
fjiksVZ rS;kj dh x;h gSA izLrkfor [kuu xfrfof/k ds dkj.k iM+us okys egRoiw.kZ i;kZoj.kh izHkkoksa
dh igpku vkSj iwokZuqeku] lkFk gh ,d Ik;kZoj.kh izcU/ku ;kstuk esa izHkkoksa dks djus dh mi;qDr
fof/k;ksa ds fy, Ik;kZoj.kh izHkko rF;ksa dks bZ vkbZ , fjiksVZ esa ‘kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
bl Ik;kZoj.k izHkko ewY;kadu (EIA) v/;;u dk mn~ns’; gS] izLrkfor ifj;kstuk ds fuekZ.k vkSj
xfrfof/k;ksa ls mRiUu gksus okys Ik;kZoj.kh izHkkoksa dh lhek vkSj izdfr ij tkudkjh miyC/k djkukA
{ks= dh izLrkfor jsr [kuu xfrfof/k ds fy, Ik;kZoj.k izHkko ewY;kadu (EIA)] fHkUu Ik;kZoj.kh
vo;oksa ds foLr`r v/;;u ls lEcfU/kr gS tSls ok;q] ty] Hkwfe] ‘kksj] tSfod vkSj
lkekftd&vkfFkZd Ik;kZoj.k tks ekStwnk Ik;kZoj.kh ifjn`’; dks vfHkO;Dr djrk gSA
Ik;kZoj.k izHkko v/;;u ds fy,] [kuu gsrw fu/kkZfjr {ks= dh lhek ls 10 fdyksehVj dks doj djus
okys {ks= dks v/;;u {ks= ?kksf”kr fd;k x;k gS (izHkko {ks=)A dsUnzh; {ks= ds lUnHkZ esa Ik;kZoj.kh
xq.k/keksaZ] ekudksa] LVs’kuksa] mapkbZ (RL)] nwjh dk v/;;u fd;k x;kA fjiksVZ esa tuojh ls ekpZ 2010
rd dh vof/k ds nkSjku laxzfgr fd;s x;s vkadM+s ‘kkfey gSaA f}fr;d vkadM+ksa dk laxzg.k fHkUu
ljdkjh cksMksaZ] lkoZtfud {ks=] ‘kS{kf.kd vkSj oSKkfud laLFkkuksa ls fd;k x;kA
• ekSle ds nkSjku laxzfgr ekSle lEcfU/kr vkadM+s LFkkuh; ekSle dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks crkrs gSaA
v/;;u {ks= dh iwoZizHkkoh gok dh fn’kk mRrj iwoZ ls gSA
• dksj vkSj cQj v/;;u {ks= esa fu;fU=r okrkoj.kh ok;q dh xq.koRrk] esa fu/kkZfjr jk”Vªh; okrkoj.kh
ok;q xq.koRrk (NMQ) ds vuqlkj mi;qDr gSA
• fnu vkSj jkr ds le; ds nkSjku okrkoj.kh rqY; ‘kksj ds Lrj (Leq) vkS|ksfxd vkSj okf.kfT;d
{ks= lhek ds CPCB eku ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ik;s x;sA
• lrgh ty vkSj Hkwty dh ty xq.koRrk BIS/CPCB eku ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ik;h x;hA
• v/;;u {ks= dh feV~Vh [kkn ls mi;qDr la’kks/ku fd;s tkus ds ckn ouLifr ds fy, csgrj gks
tk;sxh] ftlls mRiknu esa of) gksxhA
• ikS/kksa vkSj tkuojksa ds ns'kh iztkfr;ksa dks izHkkfor djus okys dkjd dks de djus ds }kjk lajf{kr
fd;k tk;sxkA
• ifj;kstuk {ks= ds iwohZ Hkkx esa t[ku unh cgrh gSA
vk/kkjjs[kk Ik;kZoj.kh fLFkfr vk/kkjjs[kk Ik;kZoj.kh fLFkfr vk/kkjjs[kk Ik;kZoj.kh fLFkfr vk/kkjjs[kk Ik;kZoj.kh fLFkfr
xq.k/keZ vk/kkjjs[kk fLFkfr
okrkoj.kh ok;q dh xq.koRrk
okrkoj.kh ok;q dh xq.koRrk dk fu;U=.k ifj;kstuk dh lkbZV ls 10 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ds Hkhrj 5 LFkkuksa ij fd;k x;kA izsf{kr ih,e 2-5 Lrj 45-2 ls 30-2 ekbØksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj dh jsat esa Fks] tcfd ih,e 10 66-2 ls 50-2 ekbØksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj dh jsat esa FkkA lYQjMkbZvkWDlkbZM vkSj ukbVªkstu ds vkWDlkbMksa dh jsat Øe’k% 14-5 ls 10-2 ekbØksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj vkSj 10-2 ls 6-8 ekbØksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj FkhA dkcZueksuksvkWDlkbZM dh jsat 398 ls 312 ekbØksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj vkSj vkstksu dh jsat 2-6 ls 1 feyhxzke izfr ?ku ehVj FkhA
‘kksj ds Lrj ‘kksj dk fu;U=.k ikap LFkkuksa ij fd;k x;kA fu;U=.k dk;ZØe ds ifj.kkeksa ls ;g bafxr gqvk fd fnu vkSj jkr nksuksa le; esa ‘kksj ds Lrj lHkh ikap LFkkuksa esa NAAQS dh fu/kkZfjr lhekvksa ds Hkhrj
mi;qDr FksA
ty dh xq.koRrk
3 Hkwty ds uewuksa vkSj 2 lrgh ty ds uewuksa dk fo’ys”k.k fd;k x;k vkSj blls ;g fu”d”kZ fudyk fd
• lkbZV ij Hkwty is;ty ds :Ik esa dke esa ysus ds fy, mi;qDr gSA
• lrgh ty] dsoy jklk;fud vkSj tSfod mipkj ds ckn gh ihus ds fy, mi;qDr gS( gkykafd ;g ugkus ds fy, mi;qDr gSA
feV~Vh dh xq.koRrk
mPpLrjh; fHkUurk ls ;qDr Lrjh; feV~Vh izLrkfor lkbZV dk yk{kf.kd xq.k gSA {ks= dh feV~Vh gYdh lh {kkjh; gS] bldk ih,p 6-08&7-9 ds chp gSA
tSfod i;kZoj.k v/;;u {ks= esa ikfjfLFkfrd :Ik ls laosnh dksbZ {ks= mifLFkr ugha gS] ysfdu ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl ikl dbZ ljaf{kr ou {ks= gSaA
Lkkekftd&vkfFkZd
voLFkk
iwjk v/;;u {ks= nsgjknwu ftys ds vUrxZr vkrk gSA f’kf{kr vkcknh dh la[;k 876441 gSA {ks= dk fyax vuqikr 887 gSA v/;;u {ks= esa vf/kdre yksx izLrkfor [kuu xfrfo/kh ij fuHkZj ik;s x;s gSaaA
izR;kf’kr i;kZoj.kh izHkko vkSj bls de djus ds rjhds
bl rd igqapus okyh lM+dbl rd igqapus okyh lM+dbl rd igqapus okyh lM+dbl rd igqapus okyh lM+dksaksaksaksa ds dkj.k izR;kf’kr izHkko ds dkj.k izR;kf’kr izHkko ds dkj.k izR;kf’kr izHkko ds dkj.k izR;kf’kr izHkko lkoZtfud lM+d ls unh dh feV~Vh ds laxzg.k fcUnqvksa rd igqpus ds fy, lM+dksa dh vko’;drk gSA ,slh lM+dsa ekStwnk lM+dksa@ iSny pyus okys yksaxksa ds }kjk iz;qDr ekxksaZ @ cqXxh ekxksaZ ds leku lajs[k.k esa gSaA dHkh dHkh Hkkjh okguksa ds pyus ls eosf’k;ksa] d`f”k Hkwfe] ekuo vkokl ds fy, leL;k,sa iSnk gks ldrh gSaA ,slk /kwy] ‘kksj vkSj vke turk dh xfrfof/k;ksa ds dkj.k gksrk gSA vkSj blls ;krk;kr esa Hkh leL;k iSnk gks ldrh gSA ;s Ik;kZoj.kh leL;k,sa vkSj vf/kd eglwl dh tkrh gSa D;ksafd ;gka dh i`”BHkwfe xzkeh.k izdfr dh gSA
igqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djuk igqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djuk igqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djuk igqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djuk lM+d ij okguksa dh xfrfof/k;ka c<+ tk;saxha( gkykafd] feV~Vh [kuu {ks= esa v/kkfRod lM+d ij fu;fer vUrjkyksa ij ikuh dk fNM+dko fd;k tk;sxkA Vªdksa ls fjlko dks de djus ds vykok]
lHkh Vªdksa esa pslht+ ij 9** dk eqDr cksMZ gksxkA vkSj xfr dh lhek ds lkFk lkFk vksojyksfMax dks Hkh fu;fU=r fd;k tk;sxkA unh ds fdukjs rd iagqpus ds fy, U;wure la[;k esa lM+dsa gksaxh] D;kssafd ufn;ksa ds fdukjksa dk
dVuk jksdk tkuk pkfg, vkSj <ykuksa dk j[kj[kko fd;k tkuk pkfg,A fuEu ds vk/kkj ij unh ds
fdukjs ij igqapus okys fcUnqvksa dks fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,&
• unh ds fdukjs dk U;wure mrkj]
• de unh o”kkZ ouLifr dks catj cukus okyh U;wure ekuo xfrfof/k]
• tgka mrkj dks jksdk ugha tk ldrk] igqapus ds fy, jSEi ;k <yku cuk;s tkus pkfg,]
• unh ds fdukjksa ls tksM+us okyh lM+dsa (<ykusa) vkSj unh ds fdukjs ds lekukUrj cuh lM+dsa fdukjs
ls nwj gksuh pkfg,] ;s de ls de 100 ehVj nwjh ij gksuh pkfg,A
• lkoZtfud lM+dksa ls vkSj unh ds fdukjksa rd igqpusa okyh lM+dsa bl izdkj ls lajsf[kr dh tkuh
pkfg, fd buls Ik;kZoj.k dks de ls de {kfr gksA
• fo’ks”k xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, unh ds nksuksa fdukjksa ij tkus ls cpuk pkfg,A
vkj ch ,e [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij izR;kf’kr izHkko vkj ch ,e [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij izR;kf’kr izHkko vkj ch ,e [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij izR;kf’kr izHkko vkj ch ,e [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij izR;kf’kr izHkko
unh ds fdukjs ds inkFkksaZ dh dVkbZ vkSj vU; lEcfU/kr fØ;kfof/k;ka dqN Ik;kZoj.kh {kfr;ksa dk
dkj.k gks ldrh gSa] buesa ls lcls xEHkhj izR;kf’kr {kfr;ksa dk foLrr fooj.k uhps fn;k x;k gS&
v- unh ds fdukjksa ij vR;f/kd <yku ds dkj.k unh ds fdukjksa dh {kfr] vk[kksa esa ihM+k] ouLifr
dh {kfr] enk vijnu] Hkwty esa dqN xM+cM+h dk dkj.k gks ldrh gSA
c- rkykcksa ds fuekZ.k ds dkj.k ikuh dk lanw”k.kA unh ds vlery pV~Vkuh fdukjs ds dkj.k]
feV~Vh ds fdukjs dh eksVkbZ esa cgqr vf/kd vUrj vk tkrk gS vkSj blls feV~Vh dks ml LFkku ij
vf/kd dkVk tkrk gS tgka mldh eksVkbZ T;knk gksrh gS vkSj blls NksVs rkykc cu tkrs gSaA bl
:ds gq, ikuh esa tSo vi?kVuh; inkFkZ fo’ks”k :Ik ls ikS/kksa ds O;FkZ inkFkZ lafpr gks tkrs gSa] tks
lanw”k.k dk dkj.k curs gSa vkSj ePNjksa ds iztuu ds fy, ,d vuqdwy okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djrs
gSaA
l- vkj ch ,e fu”d”kZ.k ds cgqr ikl gksus ds dkj.k unh ds fdukjs fo/oal gks tkrk gSA
n- unh ds fdukjs ij feV~Vh ds fu”d”kZ.k ds dkj.k ikS/kksa vkSj unh ds fdukjs dk fouk’kA
;- lM+d usVodZ ds dkj.k lrg dk iruA
j- bu lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa ds la;kstu ds ifj.kkeLo:Ik ,d cqjh fLFkfr cu tkrh gSA
feV~Vh dh [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dks de djuk feV~Vh dh [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dks de djuk feV~Vh dh [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dks de djuk feV~Vh dh [kuu fØ;k ds dkj.k Hkwfe ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa dks de djuk
• fdukjs ls 2-5&5-0 ehVj ds {ks= ds Hkhrj feV~Vh dk laxzg.k fcYdqy ugha fd;k tk;sxk] fo’ks”k :Ik
ls /kheh xfr ls cgrh gqbZ unh ds ckgjh fdukjs lsA lqjf{kr lQkbZ dks eq[; :Ik ls unh ds fdukjs
dh mapkbZ ds }kjk fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj fdukjs ds cgqr ikl ls feV~Vh dh eksVkbZ dk
fu”d”kZ.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
• unh ds fdukjs esa rkykc cuus dh fØ;k dks jksdk tk;sxkA
• unh ds fdukjs ij [kM+s ikS/kksa dks U;wure {kfrA
• dke dsoy fnu ds izdk’k esaaA
• unh ds fdukjs vkSj dspesUV {ks= esa dksbZ Hkh ckgjh inkFkZ uk rks jgus fn;k tk;sxk @ uk gh NksM+k
tk;sxk] ;k ,sls inkFkksaZ ls xM~<ksa @ fjDr LFkkuksa dks Hkjus dh btkt+r ugha nh tk;sxhA
• unh ds fdukjs ij d`f”k dh x;h feV~Vh ij lkeku bdV~Bk ugha fd;k tk;sxkA
• bl LFkku ij unh ds fdukjs ls de ls de 0-5 ehVj feV~Vh ds fdukjs dks NksM+ fn;k tk;sxkA
dsUnzh; {ks= ds ikl feV~Vh dh xq.koRrk dk fu;U=.k okf”kZd vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxk rkfd feV~Vh
dh xq.koRrk ij iM+us okys fdlh Hkh izdkj ds udkjkRed izHkko dh tkap dh tk ldsA unh ds
fdukjs ij ikS/ks yxkus ls Hkqfe dh xq.koRrk esa lq/kkj gksxk] blls feV~Vh ds dVko esa Hkh deh
vk;sxhA gkaykafd feV~Vh ds [kuu dh izfØ;k dk {ks= ds Hkw okrkoj.k ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha
iM+sxkA
tyh;tyh;tyh;tyh; okrkoj.k ij izHkko okrkoj.k ij izHkko okrkoj.k ij izHkko okrkoj.k ij izHkko
ty fudk; esa {kfr] bldh lap;u {kerk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA ty fudk; dh lap;u {kerk dk
irk yxkus ds fy,] fHkUu dqavksa] cksj osy] vkSj vU; ty fudk;ksa ls ty ds uewuksa dks fy;k x;kA
v/;;u n’kkZrk gS fd unh ty fudk;ksa dh lap;u {kerk vHkh Hkh mifLFkr gS] ysfdu ty iznw”k.k
ds fy, izHkkoh dne mBk;s tkus pkfg,A Hkwty ij izHkko dk irk yxkus ds fy, ,d xgu
ty&Hkw oSKkfud v/;;u fd;k x;k gS vkSj v/;;u ls lqjf{kr :Ik ls ;g fu”d”kZ fudkyk x;k
fd [kuu ds dkj.k vkl ikl ds Hkwty ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA blfy, ty
fudk;ksa ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA feV~Vh ds [kuu dh izfØ;k dk {ks= ds tyh; okrkoj.k ij
dksbZ egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA
ty iznw”k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dne ty iznw”k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dne ty iznw”k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dne ty iznw”k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dne
feV~Vh ds [kuu ds dkj.k lrgh ty ds iznw”k.k dk eq[; lzksr egRoiw.kZ ugha gSA
• feV~Vh ds fjlko dks U;wure djus ds fy, cgqr vf/kd lko/kkuh cjrh tk;sxhA
• ukfy;ksa vkSj muds dspesUV dk fuekZ.k lM+d ds Bhd fdukjs ij fd;k tk;sxk rkfd rwQkuh ty
unh esa cgus ls Bhd igys uhps cSB tk;sA
• unh esa Vªdksa dks ugha /kks;k tk;sxkA
• unh ds fdukjs ij ikS/ks yxk;s tk;saxsa rkfd rwQkuh ty dh xfr dks de fd;k tk ldsA
ok;q okrkoj.k ij izHkko ok;q okrkoj.k ij izHkko ok;q okrkoj.k ij izHkko ok;q okrkoj.k ij izHkko ok;q dh xq.koRrk ij tkudkjh dk v/;;u fd;k x;k vkSj ukM+h ekWMfyax rduhd ls ;g iwokZuqeku yxk;k x;k fd feV~Vh ds [kuu dh izfØ;k ok;q dh xq.koRrk dks egRoiw.kZ rjhds ls izHkkfor ugha djsxhA feV~Vh ds [kuu dh xfrfof/k esa] yksfMax] LFkkukUrj.k vkSj vuyksfMax dh fØ;k,sa ok;q dh xq.koRrk esa [kjkch dk dkj.k cu ldrh gSaA feV~Vh dk laxzg.k vkSj mls mBkus dk dke ekuoh; rkSj ij fd;k tkrk gSA blfy, mRiUu /kwy mruh egRoiw.kZ ugha gksrh ftruh dh vU; dBksj inkFkksaZ ds [kuu dh izfØ;k ls mRiUu /kwyA tSls fd fMªy] CykLV vkSj e’khuhd`r yksfMax vkfnA
ok;oh; okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk ok;oh; okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk ok;oh; okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk ok;oh; okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk
ok;q ds iznw”k.k dk ,dek= lzksr gS] Vªdksa dk lM+d ifjogu usVodZA /kwy dks nckus dh fof/k;ksa] tSls lM+dksa ij ikuh fNM+duk] dk iz;ksx fd;k tk;sxkA Vªdksa ls feV~Vh ds fjlko dks jksdus ds fy, lko/kkuh cjrh tk;sxhA vksojyksfMax ugha dh tk;sxhA dks;ys dh [kkuksa ij ys tkus ls igys Vªdksa dks frjiky ls <dk tk;sxkA lM+dksa ds fdukjksa ij ikS/ks yxkus dh fØ;k ls Hkh vkl ikl ds xkaoksa esa /kwy ds izHkko esa deh vk;sxhA ‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k Hkkjh /kjrh dks fgykus okyh e’khujh dk mi;ksx ugha fd;k tk;sxkA feV~Vh ds [kuu vkSj vU; lEcfU/kr xfrfof/k;ksa ds dkj.k ‘kksj ds Lrj ij dksbZ eq[; izHkko ugha iM+sxkA ,d foLrr ‘kksj dk losZ{k.k fd;k x;k gS vkSj blds ifj.kke lhekvksa ds Hkhrj ekudksa ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ik;s x;sA feV~Vh dks mBkus ds fy, CykfLVax dh rduhd dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] blfy, Hkwfe ds dEiu dh dksbZ lEHkkouk ugha gksrhA ;g ik;k x;k fd feV~Vh ds [kuu dh izfØ;k dk {ks= ds ‘kksj okrkoj.k ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA bldk ,dek= izHkko Vªdksa ds }kjk feV~Vh ds LFkkukUrj.k ds dkj.k gksxkA
‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk‘kksj vkSj dEiu okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk pwafd ,d ek= izHkko feV~Vh dks xkao dh lM+dks ds ek/;e ls dks;ys dh [kkuksa dks LFkkukUrfjr djus ds dkj.k gh iM+sxk] izHkko dks fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa esa fn;k tk;sxkA
• xkao ds {ks= esa tkuojksa dk U;wure mi;ksxA
• okguksa vkSj muds lkbysUljksa dk le; le; ij j[kj[kko rkfd dEiu vkSj /ofu dks de fd;k
tk ldsA
• iqjkus vkSj [kjkc Vªdksa dks gVk;k tkukA
• lM+d usVodZ ds fdukjs gfjr iV~Vh dk izko/kkuA
• feV~Vh dh yksfMax ds nkSjku U;wure /ofu mRiUu djus ds fy, lko/kkuh cjrh tk;sxhA
tSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.k [kuu dh fØ;k dk mifLFkr ikS/kksa vkSj tUrqvksa ij egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA fofHkUu ljdkjh
foHkkxksa tSls ou] d`f”k] eRl; ikyu] Ik’kq ikyu vkSj fHkUu dk;kZy;ksa ls vkadM+s ,df=r fd;s x;s gSa
rkfd iwoZ ifj;kstuk tSfod okrkoj.kh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks LFkkfir fd;k tk ldsA ifj;kstuk {ks=
ljaf{kr ouksa ls f?kjk gqvk gS vkSj fdukjs ij d`f”k Hkwfe Hkh mifLFkr gSA [kqn ifj;kstuk dk mn~ns’;
gS] ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl ikl ikS/kksa dks cpkus ds fy, unh dks pkSM+k gksus ls jksduk] e`nk vijnu
dks jksduk] vkSj ck<+ dks jksdukA ;g ik;k x;k gS fd feV~Vh ds [kuu dh izfØ;k dk {ks= ds
tSfod okrkoj.k ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA
tSfod okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuktSfod okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuktSfod okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuktSfod okrkoj.k ij izHkko dks de djuk
,d LFkk;h ikfjfLFkfrd ra= dks LFkkfir djus dh vko’;drk gS] tks ikfjfLFkfrd vkSj vkfFkZd
nksuksa n`f”V;ksa ls mi;qDr gksA enk vijnu vkSj /kwy iznw”k.k esa deh dksj vkSj cQj t+ksu dh
lqUnjrk dks c<+kus esa enn djsxhA bls ikus ds fy, blus ikS/ks yxkus dh fØ;k dks c<+kok nsus dh
;kstuk cuk;h gSA ikS/ks yxkus ds ewy mn~ns’; fuEukuqlkj gSa%&
• feV~Vh dh xq.koRrk esa lq/kkj
• e`nk vijnu dks de djus ds fy, rqjUr ouLifr ls <duk
• unh ds fdukjs ds LFkkf;Ro esa lq/kkj
• tSo fofo/krk dk lja{k.k
• oU; thou ds fy, pkjk vkSj Hkkstu miyC/k djkuk
gfjr iV~Vh dkgfjr iV~Vh dkgfjr iV~Vh dkgfjr iV~Vh dk fodkl vkSj tSo fofo/krk dk lja{k.k fodkl vkSj tSo fofo/krk dk lja{k.k fodkl vkSj tSo fofo/krk dk lja{k.k fodkl vkSj tSo fofo/krk dk lja{k.k
• vkj ch dh fcØh @ fMTiksty ls ,df=r gq, /ku ls gy lky ou lja{k.k @ lqj{kk vkSj
unh izf’k{k.k ij dk;Z fd;k tk;sxk] [kjkc gks x;h ou Hkwfe ij {kfriwfrZ ds fy, isM+ yxk;s
tk;saxsaA
• ;g fØ;k izkFkfed Øekxr iztkfr;ksa dh mRifRr dks c<+kok nsxk] blfy, ;g ,d flYohdYpj
fØ;kfo/kh gS] tks {ks= ds Ik;kZoj.k vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ds j[kj[kko ds fy, cgqr vf/kd egRoiw.kZ
gSA
• ;g d`f”k Hkwfe dh lqj{kk vkSj Hkwfe dh dVkbZ dks jksdus ds lkFk lkFk unh ds fdukjksa ij ‘kh’ke
vkSj [kSj tSlh vxz.kh iztkfr;ksa dh LFkkiuk vkSj muds iqu% mRiknu esa enn djrk gSA
lkekftd&vkfFkZd Ik;kZoj.klkekftd&vkfFkZd Ik;kZoj.klkekftd&vkfFkZd Ik;kZoj.klkekftd&vkfFkZd Ik;kZoj.k ;g ifj;kstuk blds vkl ikl jgus okys yksxksa ds fy, jkstxkj miyC/k djk;sxh] okf”kZd :Ik ls
blls 42500 ekuo fnol mRiUu gksaxsa vkSj yxHkx 1200 yksxksa dks bl ifj;kstuk ls izR;{k ;k
vizR;{k :Ik ls ykHk gksxkA izLrkfor [kuu fØ;k ds fy, dsoy LFkkuh; Jfedksa dk gh mi;ksx
fd;k tk;sxkA yxHkx 15 izfr’kr ls 30 izfr’kr LFkkuh; yksx unh ds fdukjs ij fd;s tkus okys
bl laxzg.k dk;Z ij fuHkZj gSaA
izR;kf’kr izHkko vkSj ewY;kadu izR;kf’kr izHkko vkSj ewY;kadu izR;kf’kr izHkko vkSj ewY;kadu izR;kf’kr izHkko vkSj ewY;kadu
ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl ikl yksxksa ds fopkjksa dks le>us ds fy, rS;kj dh x;h ,d iz’ukoyh ij
vk/kkfjr ,d {ks= losZ{k.k ds lapkyu ds ifj.kke] bl ifj;kstuk dh vko’;drk ds ckjs esa ,d
Li”V fopkj izLrqr djrs gSaA
v/;;u {ks= esa vf/kdka’k ?kj iDds gSaA bu {ks=ksa esa ty dh vkiwfrZ uxjikfydk vkSj futh cksj
osYl ls gksrh gSA dbZ ?kjksa esa ‘kkSpky; dh lqfo/kk;sa ugha gSa vkSj blfy, [kqys LFkkuksa dk mi;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA {ks= esa mRiUu gksus okys Bksl O;FkZ dks [kqyh Hkwfe ij Mky fn;k tkrk gS D;ksafd
bl {ks= esa O;FkZ inkFkksaZ ds laxzg.k ds fy, dksbZ ,tsUlh ugha gSA izLrkfor [kuu fØ;k ds fy,
tkx:drk dk Lrj cgqr mPp gSA
,slh vk’kk dh tkrh gS fd izLrkfor [kuu fØ;k bl {ks= esa lkekftd&vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa dks c<+kok
nsxh vkSj blds }kjk vU; fodkl izfØ;kvksa dks xfr feysxhA gkykafd] ,slh lEHkkouk trk;h tk
jgh gS fd ;fn LFkkuh; yksx izLrkfor [kuu fØ;k esa lyaXu ugha gksrs gSa] ;k bl ifj;kstuk ds
lEiknu esa nsjh gksrh gS rks ;s yksx xSj dkuwuh xfrfof/k;ksa esa lyaXu gks ldrs gSaA
fu”d”kZfu”d”kZfu”d”kZfu”d”kZ
lHkh lEHko Ik;kZoj.kh igyqvksa dk ewY;kadu mi;qDr :Ik ls fd;k x;k gS vkSj t:jrksa dks iwjk
djus ds fy, lHkh vko’;d fu;U=d dne mBk;s x;s gSaA bl izdkj ls bl ifj;kstuk ds
fØ;kUo;u ls fdlh izdkj ds udkjkRed izHkko ugha iM+saxsaA
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Summarized Information about the Project
Uttaranchal Forest Development Corporation (UAFDC) is a statutory body
constituted by the State Government. The Corporation was formed for the better
preservation, supervision and development of forest also for better exploitation
of forest produce within the State and for matters connected there with.
The Corporation has been progressing forward not only in its financial aspect but
also has taken a big leap in the direction of diversification of its activities.
The Corporation has added the collection and disposal of minor minerals from
the rivers situated inside reserved forest areas, collection and marketing of
medicinal plants and Eco tourism in its works apart from the removal of dead,
dying and uprooted trees as allotted by the Forest department.
Presently the department has proposed for the Extraction of minor minerals form
the Song River. This is being done in order to regulate the river flow and to
produce revenue from this process for the improvement of the forest area.
Sedimentation in this region over a very long period of time has led to widening
of river, which poses threat to adjoining forest area, agricultural lands and
settlements. Hence removal of River Bed Material from the centre portion of the
bed is being proposed.
The mining area has been divided three regions Song-1, Song-2 and Song-3. This
summary deals with Song-2 region.
The total available area of Song-2 is 273 ha, which falls under the Dehradun
forest division, District Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The aforesaid area has reserved
forest regions on the east bank. The collection of minor-minerals will be carried
out form 50% of the total area (136.5 ha) leaving 25% area on each side of the
river banks for better channelization of the water during the rainy season and to
protect the nearby forest land and habitant from floods.
The mining area at Dehradun District, in the Song River, which is a stretch of
6.25 km, lies in the Ganga river basin. The area allotted for the purpose is 273 ha
of which 136.5 ha would be the effective working area. The proposed extraction
would be 4.25 lakh m3 or 7.65 lakh tonnes per annum of river bed material. The
mining is confined to extraction of sand, reta & bajri from the river bed. The
operation will be manual in which the river bed material will be collected in its
existing form. Reta and Bajri will be collected by sieving of river bed material.
Mining will be carried out only upto a depth of 1.5m, therefore only hand tools
like shovel, pan, sieve etc. will be used. Mining will be carried out only during
the day time. Extraction of river bed material will be completely stopped during
the monsoon season.
PROJECT COST
The project will be done on No Profit & No Loss basis since the sale proceeds are to be
used for protection / conservation of the forest.
REVE!UE RECEIPTS FROM COLLECTIO! OF MI!OR MI!ERALS
Sl. No. Revenue Items Receipts per Tons
(in Rs.) Percentage
1 Royalty
25.00 38.11
2 Forest Department (River training, C.A.
Road fees, Transit fee etc.) 19.5 29.73
3 UAFDC 14.80 22.56
4 Taxes (VAT, Stamp duty, Income Tax) 5.80 8.84
5 Labour welfare 0.50 0.76
6 Total 65.60
In addition to above labour cost @ Rs. 100 per tons approxly.
SUMMARISED INFORMATION ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
The proposed project falls under Item 1 (i) (Mining of Minerals) as per
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 19 January,2009. The
project will fall under Category A and will require environmental clearance from
the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF).
An EIA/EMP study report has been prepared for this project for the period of
January to March 2010. Identification & prediction of significant environmental
impacts due to the proposed Mining activity with an Environmental Impact
Statement followed by delineation of appropriate impact mitigation measures in
an Environmental Management Plan are included in the EIA Report.
The purpose of this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to provide
information on the nature and extent of environmental impacts arising from the
construction and operation of the proposed project.
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for proposed sand mining activities
of area deals with detailed studies for various environmental components viz.,
air, water, land, noise, biological and socio-economic environment which
represent the existing environmental scenario.
For the environmental impact studies, an area covering 10 km distance from the
boundary of mining lease areas was identified as study area (impact zone). The
environmental attributes, parameters, stations, height (RL), distance and
direction with respect to the core zone were studied. The report incorporates the
data collection during the period of January to March 2010. Secondary data was
collected from various government boards, public sector, educational and
scientific institutions.
• The collected meteorological data during this season represented tie local
weather phenomena. The predominant wind direction of the study area is from
NE
• The monitored ambient air quality m the core & buffer study area was found to
be in compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality (NMQ) norms
• Ambient equivalent noise levels (Leq) during day and night times were found to
be well within the CPCB Norms of Industrial & Commercial area limit
• The water quality of surface water and ground water was found to be in
compliance with BIS/CPCB Norms
• The soil in the study area would very well support vegetation after amending it
suitable with manure the yield will increase.
• The native species of plants and animals will be protected by mitigating the
affecting factors
• River Jakhan flows on the eastern side of the project area.
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
Attribute Baseline status
Ambient Air Quality
Ambient air quality was monitored at 5 locations within a
10 km distance from the project site. The observed PM2.5
levels were in range of 45.2 to 30.2 µg/m3, while PM10 was
in range of 66.2 to 50.2 µg/m3. The range of SO2 and NOX
was 14.5 to 10.2 µg/m3 and 10.2 to 6.8 µg/m3 respectively.
The CO ranged from 398 to 312 µg/m3 and O3 was in the
range of 2.6 to 1mg/m3.
Noise Levels Noise monitoring was carried out at five locations. The
results of the monitoring program indicated that both the
daytime and night time levels of noise were well within
the prescribed limits NAAQS at all the five locations
monitored.
Water Quality
3 Groundwater samples and 2 surface water samples were
analyzed and concluded that the
• Ground water at the site is safe for use as potable
water.
• Surface water is suitable for drinking purpose only
after chemical and biological treatment; however it
is suitable for bathing purpose.
Soil Quality
The proposed site is characterized by highly variable
stratified soils. Soil of the area is slightly basic with pH
of 6.08 – 7.9.
Biological
Environment
There are no Ecologically Sensitive Areas present in the study area, but many reserved forests regions surround the project area
Socio-economy
The complete study area falls under Dehradun District.
The number of literate population is 876441. The sex ratio
for the area is 887. In the study area maximum number
of people are found to be dependent on the proposed
mining activity.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Anticipated Impacts Due To Access Roads
Plying of heavy vehicles from public road to river sand collection points needs
access roads Majority of such access roads are following the same alignment of
existing roads/tracks being used by pedestrians/cart owners. Movement of
heavy vehicles sometimes cause problems to cattle post, agriculture land, human
habitations due to dust, noise and movement of public, and also causes traffic
hazards. These environmental problems are felt more as the background is rural
in nature.
Mitigation of Impacts on Access Roads
Movement of the vehicles on the road will be increased; however, unmetalled
road in the sand mining area will be sprinkled with water at regular intervals. In
addition to prevent spillage by trucks, all trucks would have a free board of 9” on
the chassis and over loading should be controlled along with speed limit.
There will be minimum numbers of access roads to river bed, as cutting river
banks should be avoided and ramps are to be maintained. Access points to the
river bed are to be decided based on the following-
• Least steepness of river bank,
• Less riverain vegetation arid least human activity,
• Where steepness cannot be avoided access ramps should be constructed,
• Haulage roads parallel to the river bank and roads connecting access (ramps) to
the river bed shall be away from bank, preferably a minimum of l00m away,
• Access roads from the public roads and up to the river bank should be aligned in
such a way that it would cause least environmental damage,
• For particular operations approaching river bed from both the banks should be
avoided
Anticipated Impacts on Land due to RBM Mining Activity
Harvesting of river bed material and other associated activities may cause a few
environmental degradations arid the most serious ones anticipated are detailed
hereunder —
a) Damage of river bank due to access ramps to river bed, causing eyesore, damage
to the vegetation, soil erosion, micro disturbance to ground water,
b) Contamination of sand aquifer water due to ponding. Due to uneven rocky bed
of the river, sand bed thicknesses vary considerably and harvesters are tempted
to dig more sand from a pocket where thickness of sand is more and they cause
ponding. In this stagnant water biodegradable materials especially flora waste
gets accumulated causing contamination and inducing conducive environment
for mosquito breeding
c) Riverbank collapses due to close proximity of RBM extraction.
d) Destruction of river bank hinterland and flora due to extraction of sand by
approaching from riverbed.
e) Surface degradation due to road network.
f) Combination of at these activities results in offensive look
Mitigation of Impacts on Land due to Sand Mining Activity
• No sand will be collected within 2.5-5.0m from bank, especially from outer bank
of the meandering river. Safe clearance should be mainly determined by the
height of the river bank and thickness of sand to be extracted from the close
vicinity of that bank.
• Ponding in the river bed shall not be allowed.
• Minimal damage to the flora standing on the river bank.
• Operations during daylight only.
• No foreign material should be allowed to remain/spill in river bed and
catchment area, or no pits/pockets will be allowed to be filled with such
material,
• Stockpiling of harvested sand on the river bank should be avoided.
• Al least 0.5m sand bed should be left in-situ while harvesting sand from river
bed
Soil Quality will be monitored on yearly basis near the core zone to check for any
negative impacts on the soil quality. Plantation activity near the river banks will
improve the land quality, aesthetics and reduce sod erosion. However, the sand
mining activity will not have any significant impact on the land environment of
the region.
Impact on Water Environment
Damage in the water body, depends on its assimilative capacity. To find out
assimilative capacity of receiving water body, water samples were collected from
different Well, Bore Well, and other water bodies. The study indicates that
assimilative capacity of the River water bodies still exists, but effective measures
should be taken to check water pollution. To find out the effect on ground water
an extensive hydro-geological study has been conducted and from the study it
can be safely concluded that there is no noticeable effect on surrounding ground
water resource due to mining. Therefore the water bodes will not be affected.
The sand mining activity will not have any significant impact on the water
environment of the region
Mitigation Measures to Control Water Pollution
The major source of surface water pollution due to sand mining is insignificant.
• Utmost care will be taken to minimize sand spillage
• Drains and their Catchments will be constructed just beside the access roads so
that the storm water gels settled before flowing to the river.
• The washing of trucks in the river will be avoided.
• Plantation along the river banks will be done to arrest the velocity of the storm
water
Impact on Air Environment
Information on air quality was studied and venous modeling techniques
predicted that the sand mining activity will not affect the air quality in a
significant manner. In sand mining operations, loading, transportation and
unloading operations may cause deterioration in air quality. The sand collection
and lifting is a manual operation. Therefore the dust generated is not so
significant as compared to mining process of other hard minerals like the process
of drilling, blasting, mechanized loading etc.
Mitigation of Impact on Air Environment
The only air pollution sources are the road transport network of the trucks. The
dust suppression measures like water spraying will be done on the roads.
Utmost care will be taken to prevent spillage of sand from the trucks.
Overloading will be prevented. The trucks will be covered by tarpaulin covers
before dispatch to the coal mines. Plantation activities along the roads will also
reduce the impact of dust in the nearby villages.
Noise and Vibration Environment
A there will be no heavy earth moving machinery there will not be any major
impact on noise level due to sand mining and other association activities a
detailed noise survey has been carried out and results were cross referenced with
standards and were found to be well within limits. Blasting technique is not used
for sand lifting, hence no possibility of land vibration. It was found that the sand
mining activity will not have any significant impact on the noise environment of
the region. The only impact will be due to transportation of sand by trucks.
Mitigation of Noise and Vibration Environment
As the only impact is due to transportation of sand to the coal mines though
village roads, emphasis will be given on the following points.
• Minimum use of Horns at the village area.
• Timely maintenance of vehicles and their silencers to minimize vibration and
sound.
• Phasing out of old and worn out trucks.
• Provision of green belts along the road networks.
• Care will be taken to produce minimum sound during sand loading.
Biological Environment
The mining activity will have insignificant affect on the existing flora and fauna.
Data have been collected from various Government Departments such as forests,
agriculture, fisheries, animal husbandry and various offices to establish the pre-
project biological environmental conditions. The project area is surrounded by
reserved forests on the banks are also lined with agricultural land. The purpose
of the project itself is to save the flora around the project area from river
widening, excessive erosion and floods. It was found that the sand mining
activity will not have any significant impact on the biological environment of the
region.
Mitigation of Impacts on Biological Environment
There is a requirement to establish a stable ecosystem with both ecological and
economic returns. Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the
beauty of the core and the buffer zone. To achieve this it planned to increase
plantation activities. The basic objectives of plantations are as follows:-
• Improvement of Soil quality
• Quick vegetative cover to check soil erosion
• Improvement in river bank stability
• Conservation of biological diversity
• Provide forage and browse for wild life
Greenbelt Development and Bio-Diversity Preservation
• Compensatory afforestation on degraded forest land, forest protection /
conservation and river training measures will be carried out every year from
the fund collected from disposal / sale of RBM.
• This activity will promote the emergence of the primary succession species,
hence it will be a silvicultural operation, extremely important for maintaining
ecology and environment of the area
• This helps in regeneration & establishment of pioneer species like Shisham &
Khair on the banks of rivers besides saving agricultural land & land cutting
Socio-Economic Environment
This project will provide employment to the people residing in vicinity as about
42500 man days will be generated annually and approximately 1200 people are
to be benefited directly or indirectly by the project. Only local labour will be used
for the proposed mining operation. Approx. 15% to 30% of local people are
dependent upon riverbed collection works.
Anticipated impacts and evaluation
The results of the field survey conducted based on a questionnaire prepared to
understand the knowledge and perception of the people living around the
project area, gives a clear idea about the need for the project.
A major portion of the houses in the study area are pucca type structures. The
water source to these areas is from the municipal connection and private bore
wells. Not many households have sanitation facilities in their premises and so
open locations are used. The solid waste generated in the area is dumped into
open land since there are no collecting agencies in the area. The awareness level
regarding the proposed mining activity is very high.
The proposed mining activity is expected to provide stimulus to socio-economic
activities in the region and thereby accelerate further development processes.
However, there is an apprehension that local people may get engaged in illegal
activities if they are not involved in the proposed mining operation or the project
is shelved or there is inordinate delay in its execution.
CONCLUSION
All possible environment aspects have been adequately assessed and necessary
control measures have been formulated to meet statutory requirements. Thus
implementing this project will not have any appreciable negative impacts.