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8/14/2019 Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities In
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Some Environmental Issues &Business Opportunities in Indian
IndustryS.Padmanaban, USAID
US-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMITIndustry Breakout Session
EnvironmentNovember 30, 2006
Mumbai
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y 1960s/70s: construction of 15 thermal powerplants and several hydro projects.
y 1980s: moved on to science and technology
development in the eighties.
y 1990s: focused on privatization and technologycommercialization in the early nineties.
y 1998: GHG emissions reductions in the energysector - main focus since the sanctions.
y Today: electricity distribution reform, water-energy, methane-to- markets, municipal services
History of USAID/IndiasEnergy/Environment Programs
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KEY PROGRAMS INENVIRONMENT & ENERGY
y ENERGY EFFICIENCY y CLEAN COALy WATER- ENERGY NEXUSy POWER DISTRIBUTION
y DISTRIBUTED GENERATIONy SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT
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1. Industrial & Hazardous WasteManagement
y Major issues in India30 million tons of waste generated apartfrom fly ash (2003 data)
u 8 million tons of hazardous waste
yKey issuesLack of secure landfills and Treatment,
storage and disposal facility (TSDF)u Only 11 TSDFs in India
Lack of incineration facilitiesLack of waste handling and managementsystems
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Industrial & HazardousManagement
yOpportunities
Technical assistance indesigning & operation of
landfillsTechnologies for wasteminimization and recycling &
related services
Hazardous waste disposal industry inthe industry sector is worth about
$200 million
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2. Cost-Effective Potential forImproving Energy Efficiency of
Products in India
0
5 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 5 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 5 0 0
3 0 0 0
3 5 0 0
4 0 0 0
4 5 0 0
D i r e c t - c o o lR e f r ig
F r o s t - f r e eR e f rig
W in d o w R o o mA C
A g r i c u l t u r a lM o to r 5 H P
I n d u s t r i a lM o to r 1 5 H P
D T 1 0 0 k VA
k W h / y r
0 %
1 0 %
2 0 %
3 0 %
4 0 %
5 0 %
6 0 %
7 0 %B a s e C a s eE ffic i e n c y C a s eE ffi c i e n c y Im p r o
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Energy Efficiency MarketAssessment Industrial Sector
Investment Opportunity: $ 10 billion
Sugar
Petro Chemicals
Other FertilisersAutomobile
Glass & glassware
Aluminium
Paper Finished stee l
Cement Nitrogenous fertilisers
RefineryCaustic soda
Drugs & pharmaceuticals
Cotton & blended yarn
Synthetic yarn
Other Organic Chemicals
Financial Attractiveness
M a r k e
t A t t r a c
t i v e n e s s
Industries Investmentsmn Rs
Aluminum 1,120.00
Paper 5,565.00
Cotton & blended yarn 2,200.00
Finished steel 7,710.00
Synthetic yarn 1,240.00
Glass & glassware 225.00
Ceramic tiles 190.00
Cement 6,065.00
Nitrogenous fertilizers 2,930.00
Refinery 3,720.00
Caustic soda 630.00
Sugar 3,335.00
Petro Chemicals 4,930.00
Drugs & pharmaceuticals 220.00
Other Organic Chemicals 400.00
Other Fertilisers 1,125.00
Automobile 440.00 Total, mn Rs 42,045.00
L M H
H
M
L
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3. Utilisation of wastes in cementplants
y Waste utilisation in cement plants in India
Almost nil except fly ash and gypsumy US/Japan and European Cement plants
Use 80% of waste as fuel450 kg of waste is used as raw material forproduction of one ton of Cement production in
Japany Tremendous potential in India
Waste utilization technologyWaste processing equipment
yKey requirement
Suitable legislation for waste processing in Cementindustry
Indian cement plants can absorb 14million tons of hazardous waste /year
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4. Air pollution
yAir pollutionMajor issue in India
y Potential opportunitiesNox/Sox control systemsVOC control technologies in chemicalplants and automobile industryReducing respirable suspendedparticular matter in several industriesGeneral dust control systemsOther technologies for gas (H2S, C2S,Acid fumes) emission control
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5. Water pollution andtreatment
y Non availability of water to industry in Indiay Water pollution
Industrial water pollutionu Only 60% industrial effluents of large & medium scale
industries are treated (PCB Data)Municipal water pollution
u 25% water in metro municipalities treated and lessthan 5% reused
u Other municipalities and towns very little or notreatment
y Potential opportunitiesWater treatment technologies for industries andmunicipality
u Membrane technologies / bio reactors
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Water pollution andtreatment..
y Potential Opportunities..Technologies for recycling of waterand zero discharge options in industry/ municipality
Bio gas generation throughanaerobic treatment of municipal /industrial waste water
Technologies for handling membranewaste water
Water saving devices and equipment
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6.Service Providers for UtilityHeat Rate Improvements
y EE & R&M in Indian coal-fired utilitiesy Private Sector Services to include:
- Advanced diagonistics- Energy audit services- Environmental monitoring
- Low carbon options- O&M services
Funding: Proposed IBRD funding: $ 120 million loan + $45 million GEF grant
Targeted Capacities for EE&RM: 650 MW
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7. Opportunities in BuildingSector
y Construction contributing 10% toNational GDP (500 Billion USD)
Growth rate 9.2% vis--vis 5.5 %
Global average
y Sectors to watch for
IT / IT Enabled Services
Commercial buildings
Infrastructure (Airports, Roads,
etc.,)
Residential
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/photo.cms%3Fphotoid%3D1127144&imgrefurl=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/summary/1127144.cms&h=240&w=265&sz=21&tbnid=GQbps4hMMqcJ:&tbnh=97&tbnw=108&hl=en&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dindian%2Bconstruction%2Bindustry%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D8/14/2019 Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities In
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Availability Of Green Materials
y Green materials are notreadily available
Certified woodWaterless urinals
High albedo materialsHigh recycled contentmaterialsHigh performance glassLow VOC materials
y Testing and certificationfacilities not Available
Eg., Cooling towers,Chillers
y Solutions soughtIncubation of GreenBuilding materialsDisplay in GBC
Technology Centrey Type testing for
equipmenty Green Building materials
Meety Green Building Congress
Issues Possible Solution
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Success Stories in Indiay Waterless urinals
2001 Awareness Nil2005 Three major players (EID Parry,Hindware, Falcon have the major market share)
y High Albedo materialUnheard in 2001
Two major players establishedu Thermosheildu Advance Coating systems
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.atlanticcoatings.com/pix/body_featured_finished.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.atlanticcoatings.com/roof_coating_process.shtml&h=367&w=540&sz=16&tbnid=Qft-zfux4SoJ:&tbnh=88&tbnw=130&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3Droof%2Bcoating%2Bsystems%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sustainability.uts.edu.au/images/urinalsv2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sustainability.uts.edu.au/ourcampus/water.html&h=170&w=226&sz=29&tbnid=jtgOmGp7B9oJ:&tbnh=77&tbnw=103&hl=en&start=5&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwaterless%2Burinals%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG8/14/2019 Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities In
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Success Stories in India
y CRI Certified carpets2001 Awareness nil
2005 Interface, Milliken,Shaw carpets
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://altura.speedera.net/ccimg.catalogcity.com/210000/213600/213664/products/6325584.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wwww.shop.com/6325584.phtm&h=200&w=200&sz=17&tbnid=pOrebXL3XaQJ:&tbnh=99&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCarpet%2Btiles%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG8/14/2019 Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities In
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Opportunitiesy Materials & Equipment
Composting toiletsWaterless urinalsLow VOC adhesives &sealantsCRI certified carpets
FSC Certified woodHigh albedo roofingmaterialBIPVCTI certified coolingtowersLiving machines, etc.,.
y New Services
III PartyCommissioningEnergy simulationLEED Facilitationservices
yLEED-India (to belaunched shortly)
Green building products 350 Million USD by 2012
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nergy c encyin the Indian Cement Industry
-Wide range in energy intensity in Indian cement industry
- Some of the most efficient plants in the world are in India- Only 5% are inefficient wet kilns (vs. 18% in the U.S.)- Energy savings and emission reduction possible through:
-Improved energy efficiency-Increased blending of cement
-Use of alternative fuels-Waste heat power generation
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
GJ/t cement
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
All Options
Energy Efficiency
Blended Cement (90% >> 70%)
Waste Heat Power Generation
Alt Fuels (Biomass)
Alt Fuels (Tires, Solvents)
Dry Kilns
Average
kgC/t cement
Source: Sathaye et al. (2005)
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THANK YOU