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SAP Treasury and Risk ManagementSolution Overview
Department, Board Area or TeamDate
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 4
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 5
The Evolving Role of Corporate Treasury
„Business Impact“ Liquidity Management Management of Financial risks Bank Relationship Management Asset und Pension Management
Today
Management / Guidance Management / Guidance
Value increasing activities
Transaction based activities
Decisions regarding strategy of financing and asset allocation
Governance Risk and Compliance activities
supporting transactional activities Payment transactions Money market, FX and Derivative
deals
Future
Strategic partner of the CFO
Transaction based activities
Source: „ Der Finanzbereich im Umbruch“ (Dr. Michael Kieninger, Horváth AG, SAP Infotage 2007)
Value increasing activities
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 6
Does this Scenario Look Familiar?
SALARIESSALARIESSALARIES
Subsidiaries Banks
Inhouse Bank Mgr “My intercompany reconciliation and netting process is not integrated, not transparent and contains often errors. We never can build a payment factory on this fundament”
Trader “I cannot simulate risk scenarios and I am not able to generate ad-hoc overviews on key risk indicators. Furthermore I have to capture our deals manually three times in different systems”
AP/AR Manager“I don’t have an integrated bank connectivity and this turns out to be a compliance issue. We need a higher degree of automation to be scalable”
Cash Manager“It takes weeks to reconcile account data across multiple banks to determine our company cash position”
Is this organization prepared to: Increase process efficiency? Reduce finance operating costs? Optimize the global banking structure?
Treasury Risk Controller“How much of our fx portfolio is hedged and are these hedges effective according to our hedge accounting policy”
CFO“Is our current approach process and risk effective and how do we
benchmark ourselves against best in class treasuries?”
Group Treasurer“I’m not sure if our forecast allows us to fund the upcoming acquisitions without external loans from our banks?”
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 7
Fragmented, stand-alone systems
Limited bank communications integration
Weak integration with GL and AR systems
Poor insight into overall company risk picture
Poor insight into sources and uses of cash and their timing
Incomplete insight into global cash positions
Lack of coordination across entities and departments
Multiple payment locations and disbursement accounts
Multiple charts of accounts in various locations
Fragmented and inefficient payment and cash management
Paper-based and labor-intensive
Lack of standardization
Challenges: Typical Barriers to Effective and Compliant Treasury Management
High Cost of Finance Operations
Risk Awareness
Non-transparent Processes
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 8
What Our Customers Expect
Efficiency Streamline
processes Automate systems Integrated
communications
Compliance Segregation of
duties Accounting
standards Compliant
reporting
Transparency Accurate, auditable
accounting Reliable, credible
treasury reports Global cash visibility
Treasury Requirements
Financial Excellence in Treasury Operations!
Compliance Efficiency
Transparency
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 9
Overcome Your Treasury Barriers with SAP
Pinpoint risks and mitigate them Gain better insight into liquidity requirements Manage cash and improve returns
Insight & Control
Create central ‘payment factories’ Real straight-through processing for financial transactions Capture financial risk exposures from operational systems
Efficiency
Establish greater control over outgoing payments Manage FX, interest rate and commodity risk and comply to
regulatory standards Automation of internal controls (SOX)
Compliance
End-to-end ERP-based treasury integration into purchase, sales, production and finance
Reduce number of bank integrations and support costs through open standards
IT Systems
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 10
SALARIESSALARIESSALARIES
SAP Streamlines Finance Processes and Treasury Operations
Banks Subsidiaries
Timely cash and liquidity Forecasts Greater control over payments Reliable global cash management data Electronic bank integration Standardization and automation Integrated systems and processes
Group Treasurer“Our liquidity is excellent - we can fund our next merger without external borrowings”
Treasury Risk Manager“All lights are green. Our FX exposure is hedged and our sales revenue safe”
Trader “Great reports and one single deal entry screen are supporting my day-to-day work efficiently”
Cash Manager “We reconcile our account data across multiple banks to determine our company cash position in minutes”
AP/AR Manager“Our payment process is transparent due to seamless integration from our ERP system into our banking software”
Inhouse Bank Manager“Our central payment factory is up and running and all processes are highly automated !”
CFO“I believe my treasury department
is doing a great job!”
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 11
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 12
R/3 Launch
IS-IS/DARWIN Project for Loans, Securities, Real Estate
1992 1993 19941996
Money Market, Forex, Derivatives
Market Risk Management
Audit
Market release
R/2 TreasuryCash ManagementMoney Market, Forex, Loans
Treasury Applications from SAP Where we Came from …
2000
2001
R/3 Enterprise
In-House Cash
Liquidity Planner
Credit Risk Analyzer
Portfolio Analyzer
SAP ERP
Today
SAP Business Suite
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 13
Financial Excellence with Treasury Applications from SAP
Treasury applications from SAP
SAP Treasury and Risk Management
Risk Analyzers
Transaction ManagerMoneyMarketMoneyMarket
ForeignExchangeForeign
ExchangeSecu-ritiesSecu-rities
Com-modities
Com-modities
Deri-vatives
Deri-vatives
Debt MgmtDebt Mgmt
Manage Global Financial Risks
Optimize Debt and Investment Strategies
Manage Cash and Liquidity
SAP Cash and Liquidity Management
Cash Management Liquidity Planning
Optimize Payments and Bank Communication
SAP In-House Cash
SAP Bank Communication Management
Exposure Management Hedge Management
Credit Risk Analyzer Credit Risk Analyzer Market Risk AnalyzerMarket Risk Analyzer Portfolio AnalyzerPortfolio Analyzer
Credit Risk Analyzer
Utilization: Formulas, Credit risk, Settlement risk
Limit management: Limits freely definable, Multidimensional limits
Market Risk Analyzer
Price calculator: NPV, Prices, Sensitivities
Value at risk: Variance/covariance, Historic, Monte Carlo Simulation
Simulate rates: What-if scenario, Relative, Absolute
Portfolio Analyzer
Yield calculations: Money weighted, Time weighted, Modified Dietz method
Benchmarking:Performance Indicatorsxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Front office: Position and deal reporting, Deal capture, Exercise, Dealer slip, Valuation tools, Online limit check
Back office: Standing instructions, Correspondence Monitor, Netting, Settlement, Rate fixing (interest, FX), References, Corporate actions, Process monitors
Accounting: Flexible accounting determination, Accounting according to many international accounting standards
Spot Forward Swaps Options Futures
ForeignExchange
Bonds Bank loans Commercial
Paper Facilities
Debt Mgmt Securities
Bonds Warrants Stocks Certificates Repo Sec. lending
Derivatives
Cap Floor FRA Swaps Options Futures
Money Market
Fixed –term deposits
Commercial Paper
Repo
Commodities
Futures Forwards Traded Options
Transaction Manager
Hedge ManagementExposure Management
Centralized Database to gather group and version data and transfer to Hedge Management
Administration of hedge plans, exposures, hedge items and hedging relationships
Risk Analyzers
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 14
SAP Treasury and Risk Management
Reporting tools: SAP Query, ABAP List, Other 3rd-party providers, BI, Business Object Xcelsius and Dashboards
Middle office: Risk exposure, Controlling, Compliance
Management reports: Positions, Performance, Ratios, Compliance
Ad-hoc reporting: Point & click, Unified databases, Position, P&L, Period, Cash Flow
Results database:Portfolio Hierarchy, Drill-down, Historic results
Data export: Excel, Flat files, BI
Reporting
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 15
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 16
Instrument Support
Money Market
Fixed-term deposits (e.g., overnightdeposits at notice)
Commercial paper Repo Floating rate Any cash flows
Spot Forward Swap Vanilla options Barrier options
(single and double) Compound options Delayed Delivery
options Average rate
options Basked options Exchange-traded
options
Foreign Exchange
Securities (Investments)
Bonds ABS /MBS /CMO Index-linked bonds Dual currency
bonds Drawable bonds Warrant Bonds Stocks Shareholdings Subscription rights Investment
certificates Repo/ Reverse
Repo Security lending
Cap Floor FRA Swaps
Payer/Receiver, Fixed/Basis, Exotics (e.g. roller coaster)
OTC optionsSecurity, Swaption, IRG
Futures Exchange traded
options
Interest & Equity
Derivatives
Debt Management
Issued bondsFixed/ floating/ zero interest, Bullet repayment/ with repayment/ ABS structures
Fixed rate loans Floating rate loans Annuity loans Commercial Paper Facilities (bilateral
or syndicated)
P o r t f o l i o A n a l y z e r
M a r k e t R i s k A n a l y z e r
R e p o r t i n g
T r a n s a c t i o n M a n a g e r
C r e d i t R i s k A n a l y z e r
Futures Forwards Traded Options
Commodities
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 17
Process Overview
BackOffice
Account-ing
FrontOffice
MidOffice
Exposure analysis
Decision support Comfortable deal
entry Standing
instructions On-line limit
check Position reporting
Valuation according to several GAAP’s in parallel areas
Support for IAS 39 / US-GAAP and Hedge Accounting
Flexible process definition
Settlement Correspondence Interest rate
adjustments Payments Alert monitor
Instrument pricing Risk analysis Sensitivity
analysis
Re-porting
Standard reporting
Ad-hock reporting Controlling Limit reporting Management
reporting
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 18
Transaction Manager – Fully Integrated
Automatic creation of correspondence
Valuation (parallel)
Automatic posting
Automatic accrual/deferral
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 19
Accounting Straight-Through Processing
Straight-through processing of financial deals is achieved in combination with a highly flexible accounting engine.
Simple Example
German GAAP (HGB)IAS / US GAAP
9000 9000 9000
write-up no write-up
9800
Real-Time update of your accounting position
Automatic posting incl. flexible account determination
Hedge Accounting (e.g. FAS133/138, IAS39)
Support of several accounting standards in parallel
Purchase of 100 shares at USD 90per share= USD 9,000
Stock price on valuation key date: USD 98 (market value)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 20
Create / send correspondence
Automatic matching
Gain Efficiency with Correspondence Monitor
Real Straight-Through Processing from deal capturing via new integrated Correspondence Monitor to parallel accounting with a highly sophisticated authorization concept behind.
Receive incoming correspondence
Error handling / manual matching
Release process use customer
defined channels, mediums and formats
Fax, email, print and swift file transfers are preconfigured
Predefined format (incoming and outgoing) for MT300, MT320 and free text MT399
Tracking of incoming correspondence use customer defined channels, mediums and formats
Fax, email, print and swift file transfers are preconfigured
Predefined format (incoming and outgoing) for MT300, MT320 free text MT399
Customizable matching proposal
Automatic matching when message is coming in or going out possible
Correspondence monitor e.g.
Navigate in all directions
Improved status tracking for the messages
Show all correspondence objects assigned to one deal
Show matches Manual
assignment of correspondence to deals
Receive ACK and NACK messages
Deal capturing
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 21
Create message and send
Create SWIFT file envelope
Process of Incoming and Outgoing Messages Using SWIFT Integration Package from SAP
Send file to SWIFT alliance gateway
Creation of MT message automatically or manually in the correspondence monitor
Save message on file server
PI picks up the data from the file server in predefined time intervals
SWIFT Integration Package picks
up data
Data from file adapter uploaded
to TRM
Open SWIFT file envelope
Get file from SWIFT alliance
gateway
Automatic matching process is triggered automatically whenever a file appears
SWIFT Integration Package put
data on file adapter
Integration package for SWIFT
PI saves file on file adapter
Integration package for SWIFT
Integration package for SWIFT
Integration package for SWIFT
SWIFT Integration Package is a PI box and the SWIFT gateway is another separate box.
Straight-Through Processing for External Deals
Alternative deal capturing by connection to Market Places Automation of download of FX transactions made on market places
such as 360T, FXall or Currenex Available for FX spot, FX forward and FX options Possible to enter all data for the FX transaction with one interface
SAP Treasury andRisk ManagementSAP Treasury andRisk Management Market PlaceMarket Place
Bank ABank A
Bank BBank B
Bank CBank C
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 22
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 23
Managing Commodities and Financial Instruments Risk
All kinds of commodity types and hedging instruments can be managed in SAP
Commodities (examples) Crude Oil, gas, coal Metals including noble metals Corn, maize, soybean Coffee, cacao, cotton, sugar Orange juice, lemon juice Cattle (cows, pigs) Certificates on emission
Hedging Instruments Futures and Traded Options Forwards Swaps (planning status) OTC Options (planning status)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 24
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 25
Exposure Management – Example for Commodities
Exposure Management
Exposure Management
TransactionManager
TransactionManager
HedgeManagement
HedgeManagement
Market Risk Analyzer
Market Risk Analyzer
Treasury and Risk ManagementSAP ERP Operations
SD, MM or GTM
ExcelSpreadsheets
Other sourcesof Exposures
SAP ERP Financials
Commodity front office system - if needed
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 26
Risk identification
Build exposure
positions
Deal request
Financial Risk Management Process Using Exposure Management
Hedge Management
Gathering Data from from various source systems
Classify Exposure as forecasted transaction firm commitment and link to different risk factors like commodity price or foreign exchange risk (EUR-USD)
Storage and update of the lifecycle of the Exposure positions
Risk dashboard combining operational and financial Exposures
Possibility to calculate various risk key figures like Net Present Value and Value at Risk on Exposure positions as well as financial transaction
Calculated exposures are available as hedged item in hedge management
Possibility to generate deal requests out of the Exposure position and send it to marketplace or front office system
Lifecycle of Exposure
Position
NPV /VaR calculation
Risk Dashboard
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 27
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 28
Hedging Item (Exposure) Hedging Instrument (Derivative)
Hedge Management
Hedging Relationship
Effectiveness test /valuation
Hedge AccountingHedge Accounting
Scope of SAP‘s Hedge ManagementFair Value Hedge
Hedging Instruments FX swap, FX forward FRA Interest rate swap Cross currency interest rate swap Commodity Futures and Forwards (EhP4) Other Product Types (e.g. Commodity Swaps) are in planning status
Effectiveness Calculation Methods Net Present Value Method / Dollar offset Method¹ Hypothetical Derivative Method Benchmark Method Regression Analysis (EhP 4)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 29
Scope of SAP‘s Hedge ManagementCash Flow Hedge
Hedging Instruments FX swap, FX forward, FX options (plain vanilla and average rate), Collar FRA, CAP, FLOOR Interest rate swap Cross currency interest rate swap Commodity Futures and Forwards (EhP4) Other Product Types (e.g. Commodity Swaps) are in planning status
Effectiveness Calculation Methods Net Present Value Method / Dollar offset Method ¹ Cash Flow Method Hypothetical Derivative Method Regression Analysis (EhP 4)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 30
Scope of SAP‘s Hedge ManagementHedge of a Net Investment
Hedging Instruments Money Market Instruments Forward Exchange Transactions FX and Cross Currency Swaps (note 967104 for ERP2004/ERP2005) FX Options (note 967104 for ERP2004/ERP2005)
Effectiveness Calculation Methods Net Present Value Method Cash Flow Method Spot Method Forward Method / All critical Terms match
(note 967104 for ERP2004/ERP2005)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 31
Hedged Items
Hedged Items are Exposures From a manual entry Upload from Money Market Instruments Upload from Risk Objects Upload from FX-Exposure Management Upload from Exposure Management 2.0 Generation from FX Forwards (or from a rollover or premature settlement of an FX-Forward)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 32
Effectiveness Testing - Process
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 33
Balance sheet dateBalance sheet date
time
Start date of the Hedging RelationshipStart date of the Hedging Relationship
1. Run the prospective effective assessment to prove if the hedging relationship is expected to be highly effective.
Was the Hedging Relationship highly effective in the past?
4. Run the prospective effective assessment to prove if the hedging relationship is expected to continue to be highly effective.
Is the Hedging Relationship expected to be highly effective in the future?
2. Run the retrospective effective assessment to prove the past effectiveness of the hedging relationship.
3. If the assessment has shown an effective hedging relationship, run the Effective Measurement to determine the exact amount to be posted to OCI/Equity or P/L.
Is the Hedging Relationship expected to be highly effective in the future?
1 2 4
3
Effectiveness Test - Regression Analysis - Report
Regression report contains – Data used for analysis, Regression basic statistics, ANOVA and Confidence interval and range
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 34
Integration into Accounting
Classification of the valuation results Effective portion Ineffective portion Free standing portion Time value
Reclassification when exposure hits earning Manual reclassification Automatic distribution over a user defined time interval Partial reclassification (if exposure changes or is overhedged)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 35
ValuationPosting Logic with FAS133/IAS39
Determine derivative´s fair value
FX - Balance Sheet Account
Delta NPV
OCI/Equity - Distribution Account
Delta NPV
Effective portion
Ineffective portion
0,00 0,00
Free-standing portion
[ Delta time value ]
P/L
Ineffective portion
Free-standing portion
[ Delta time value ]
OCI/Equity
Effective portion
Determine value of any free-standing portion of the derivative
Determine OCI/Equity target balance and amount to be posted to OCI/Equity
Post remainder of clearing OCI/Equity distribution account to P/L(ineffective portion of the hedge)
Distribution
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 36
1
2
3
4
1 1
2
2
3
4
4
5
5
3
Expiration and Reclassification
When? Hedge accounting ceases prospectively when any of the following occurs:
hedge fails an effectiveness test the hedged item is sold or settled the hedging instrument is sold, terminated or exercised management decides to revoke the designation for a hedge of a forecasted transaction, the forecasted transaction is no longer highly probable.
In customizing you can define, what should happen with the hedge relationship in the case of infectivity – to dissolve or to dedesignate
How? Manually – by reclassifying all or parts of the equity capital balances at once or one-off the part of it or Automatically – by reclassifying over multiple periods on a linear basis
What happens with the hedging instrument? As in IAS 39: All future fair value changes in a derivative hedging instrument are recognized in the income
statement. Future changes in the fair value of any non-derivative hedging instrument are accounted for as they would be without hedge accounting.
What happens with the hedged item? Future changes in the fair value of the hedged item are accounted for as they would be without hedge accounting
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 37
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 38
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers2.5.1. Introduction2.5.2. Credit Risk Analyzer2.5.3. Market Risk Analyzer2.5.4. Portfolio Analyzer
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 39
Sensitivity analysis
Value-at-risk
Net present value
What-if analysis
Back-Testing
Multidimensionallimit management
Market data shifts and scenarios
Exposures
Risk Analyzers – Risk Analytics
Portfolio Returns Portfolio Benchmarking
Risk analytics is clever maths, but the hard slog is the integration.Risk Magazine“
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 40
Transaction Manager
Business-partner
Money MarketSecuritiesDerivativesForexCommodities
REPORTING:Externallymaintainedtransactions
General LedgerIntegration
CashManagem.
Analyzers
Market RiskAnalyzer
Portfolio Analyzer
Credit RiskAnalyzer
SAP Modules in Treasury Analyzers
Market DataFX Rates
Yield Curves
Indices
Volatilities
Market DataFX Rates
Yield Curves
Indices
Volatilities
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 41
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers2.5.1. Introduction2.5.2. Credit Risk Analyzer2.5.3. Market Risk Analyzer2.5.4. Portfolio Analyzer
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 42
Process in Credit Risk Management
Deal
Limit check
O.K.
End-of-Day Processing
Exposure
8.5
632.3
688.1
12.3
Limit
10.5
700.7
716.7
4.8
Partner
Euro Bank
United Bank
Carlton
Brightline
Reporting
LimitLimit
Attributableamount
Attributableamount
Request
Start of workflow, when limit is ‘Breached’
T r a n s a c t i o n
M a n a g
ement
Util. in %
80.9%
90.3%
96.0%
256.3%
Free Limit
2.0
68.4
28.6
-7.5
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 43
Relative Limits
Can compare same key figures from different portfolios
or
Different key figures from the same portfolio
Can choose the ‘Utilization Portfolio’ and the ‘Reference Portfolio’. They can be same or different.
Limits can be defined as ‘Percentage’, ‘Absolute’ Or ‘Both Percentage and Absolute’
Choose Utilization Portfolio
Utilization Key Figure
Choose ReferencePortfolio
Reference KeyFigure
Define LimitsPercentage
Define LimitsAbsolute
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 44
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers2.5.1. Introduction2.5.2. Credit Risk Analyzer2.5.3. Market Risk Analyzer2.5.4. Portfolio Analyzer
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 45
CM
Market Risk Analyzer – Risk Controlling
EDT
SAP
NON SAP - External
NPV, VaR, Exposures …
Results
Analysis/Reporting/Planning
Market data
Online data feed Simulated Shifts Scenarios
Pricing Engine
NPV,VaR ..
.
DatapoolTMCML
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 46
Consolidation LEVEL 1
ConsolidationLEVEL Risk factors
Consolidation LEVEL 2 . . .
3-month FIBOR EUR
6-month FIBOR EUR
12-month FIBOR EUR
1-year FIBOR EUR
3-year FIBOR EUR
SAP Stock
USD Spot
GBP Spot
3-month LIBOR GBP
6-month LIBOR GBP
1-year Swap USD
1-year Swap USD
Money market EUR
Capital market EUR
Stocks
Currencies
Interest GBP
Swap USD
Interest EUR
Currency
Interest
Risk Hierarchy
Defining the risk hierarchy and evaluation structure
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 47
Net Present Value Concept
Market data
Calculation Evaluations
Risk management
Saved market prices Real-time market prices Flexible scenarios Rule shifts
Mark-to-market Sensitivities
Duration Convexity Exposure
Crash/stress tests
Company Portfolio Profit center Product
Transaction data
Linear Debts Assets ....
Non-linear Options Caps ....
Price calculator(user exit)
NPV
Risk
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
1 M 2 Y 4 Y 6 Y 8 Y 10 Y
Yield curve 5 (+) Current. yield curve Yield curve 6 (long-term)
Base portfolioBonds/New York
Base portfolioBonds/Frankfurt
LEVEL 1Trading: Swaps
LEVEL 1Trading: Bonds
LEVEL 2Trading: Interest products
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 48
Value at Risk
Historical marketparameters
Calculation Evaluations
Risk management
Market interest rates Exchange rates Stock prices Volatilities Correlations
Historical simulation Monte Carlo
Full valuation Delta method Delta/gamma method
Variance/covariance Backtesting
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
< -
95
< -
85
<-7
5
< -
65
< -
55
<-4
5
<-3
5
<-2
5
<-1
5
<-5 <5
< 1
5
< 2
5
< 3
5
< 4
5
< 5
5
< 6
5
< 7
5
< 8
5
< 5
00
No. Date NPV Risk Confidence Interval
1 Feb 81 483.9 -134.32 May 81 524.8 -93.3 99.0%3 Mar 80 530.6 -87.54 Feb 90 538.9 -79.25 Feb 80 543.8 -74.36 Feb 74 546.8 -71.3 97,5%7 Jun 82 557.5 -60.68 May 83 559.8 -58.39 Oct 72 560.5 -57.710 Feb 94 562.6 -55.511 May 79 564.2 -53.912 Oct 79 565.5 -52.613 Feb 85 569.1 -49.0 95.0%
Company Portfolio Profit center Product
Transaction data
Bal. sheet Debts Assets ....
Non-linear Options Caps ....
Price calculator(user exit)
Base portfolioBonds/New York
Base portfolioBonds/Frankfurt
LEVEL 1Trading: Swaps
LEVEL 1Trading: Bonds
LEVEL 2Trading: Interest products
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 49
Net Present Value Calculation
Variable cash flows
Floating rate bond,Variable loans
Caps/FloorsOptionsSwaptions
Swaps,FRAs
Market Risk Analytics – Net Present Value (NPV) Calculation
1.Calculation of forward rates using the assigned yield curve
2.Calculation of future cash flows
3.Discounting
Option price formulas,for example: Black & Scholes Binomial (C-R-R) Garman/Kolhagen Hull-White
Fixed cash flows Uncertain cash flows
Straight bonds,Fixed-rate loans,Money market
Discounting with zerobond discounting factors of the relevant yield curves
Non-Linear InstrumentsLinear Instruments
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 50
Market Risk Analytics – Value at Risk
Reporting & Backtesting
Analysis of risk factor contributions
Value at RiskMethods and Algorithms
Historical Simulation
Monte Carlo Simulation
Variance-Covariance
(aka „Analytical Method“)
Full ValuationX X
Delta ApproachX X X
Delta-Gamma Approach X X X
Calculation Alternatives
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 51
USD interest rate
EUR/USD
DowJones
Simulated changesto risk factors
Position
Delta/Gamma
1 2 3 4
Present value
Changes to present values of positions
Opportunity
Frequency
Risk
Confidence interval
Distribution of position changes
VaR
VaR Simulation Approaches
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 52
Portfolio Hierarchy B Key Figure Set 2
12-19-05
Portfolio Hierarchy B Key Figure Set 2
12-18-05
Portfolio Hierarchy B Key Figure Set 2
02-28-05
Portfolio Hierarchy B Key Figure Set 2
01-31-05
Market Risk Analytics – Reporting Results Database (RDB)
RDB is used to store calculated key figures for later evaluation
Key figures are calculated in an end-of-day batch run
Stored results remain available and can be archived
Key figures are stored for individual transactions as well as aggregated according to desired portfolio hierarchies
RDB reports are based on the AIS
Portfolio Hierarchy A Key Figure Set 1
12-17-05 Portfolio Hierarchy B Key Figure Set 2
12-31-05
Results Database
(RDB)
Analyzer Information
System (AIS)
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 53
Results Database – Risk Cockpit
Compliance Reporting – IFRS 7 Reporting Categories – Market Risks
Standard reports for compliance to IFRS 7 –Market risk section.
Reports related to exposures for: Currency risks Interest rate risks
Fair Value Changes reports for risks: Currency risks Interest rate risks Commodity price risks Security price risks
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 54
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 55
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers2.5.1. Introduction2.5.2. Credit Risk Analyzer2.5.3. Market Risk Analyzer2.5.4. Portfolio Analyzer
3. Summary
Agenda
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 56
Building organizational structures
Asset allocation Business transactions
Investment strategy Determination of benchmark Improvement and alignment
Reporting and revision
Risk adjustment Performance measurement Benchmarking
Portfolio Analyzer
Portfolio Analyzer
SAP Treasury and Risk
Management
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 57
Performance Analytics – Benchmarking Reporting
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 58
1. Market Trends and Value Proposition
2. Solution Offering2.1. Overview
2.2. Transaction Management
2.3. Exposure Management
2.4. Hedge Management
2.5. Risk Analyzers
3. Summary
Agenda
Quick Facts –
SAP Treasury and Risk Management
The SAP Treasury and Risk Management application is
part of Treasury applications from SAP
The application helps you make more effective
decisions utilizing timely information on current market
conditions
It lets you optimize your hedging and risk management
processes through exposure management for operational
FX and commodity exposures
SAP Treasury and Risk Management increases
transparency by having operational and treasury
exposures evaluated for market risk
It supports standard financial instruments and offers
integrated and automated straight-through processing,
as well as state of the art risk management capabilities
Furthermore, the application helps to comply with legal
regulations and compliance requirements
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 60
Further Information
SAP Public Web http://www.sap.com/treasury
SAP Service Marketplace (log-on required)
https://service.sap.com/erp-treasury
Documentation on SAP Help Portal http://help.sap.com
(SAP ERP >> SAP ERP Central Component >> SAP ERP Enhancement Packages)
Training / SAP Education http://www.sap.com/education
User Groups http://www.asug.com
http://www.dsag.de
http://www.sap.com/communities/usergroups.epx for more
Contact Your SAP Account and Consulting Engagement Manager
© SAP AG 2009. All rights reserved. / Page 61
Thank you!