“Solubilizing Excipients for Parenteral Preparations”

Compiled by:Maroof AlviPulkit Khatri

Saurabh PatelSapan

SOLUBILIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR PARENTERAL FORMULATIONS

• Solubilization techniques for injectabes formulations are similar to those in oral formulations that includes,pH adjustmentmixed aqueous/organic cosolventsorganic solvent mixturescyclodextrin complexationemulsion liposomespolymeric gels

PARENTERALS

• The term Parenteral is derived from two Greek word, para & enteron, meaning “beside the intestine”.

• As defined in European Pharmacopoeia(EP) 1997 and British Pharmacopoeia(BP) 1999,“Parenteral are defined as sterile preparations intended for administration by injection,infusion or implantation into human or animal body”.

AS PERFECT AS POSSIBLE

• Since the highly efficient barrier of the skin and mucous membrane are bypassed ,the introduction of micro-organism or toxic agents can be very dangerous.

• Because of this, it is imperative that parenteral preparations be nearly as perfect as possible with respect topurity,

freedom from toxicity,&

freedom from contamination

What is the requirement of excipients in parenteral preparations?

• To make preparations Isotonic with respect to blood

• To adjust pH

• To increase solubility

• To prevent deterioration of the active substance or to provide adequate antimicrobial properties.

Excipients should not

• Adversely affect the intended medicinal action of the preparation at the concentration used

• Cause toxicity

• Undue local irritation

Routes of administrations

• These injections may be administered by one or more routes such as: Intravenous (IV) Subcutaneous (SC) Intradermal Intramuscular (IM) Intraspinal Intracisternal Intrathecal

• The nature of product will determine the particular route of administration that may be employed