Solar System. What is the Solar System? Consists of a star, (like the sun) and all of the planets,...
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Solar System. What is the Solar System? Consists of a star, (like the sun) and all of the planets, moons and other bodies that travel around it. Planets
What is the Solar System? Consists of a star, (like the sun)
and all of the planets, moons and other bodies that travel around
it. Planets and how they Orbit Orbit is the path one object in
space follows around another object Orbit is the path one object in
space follows around another object Gravity is the force of
attraction among all space objects. Gravity is the force of
attraction among all space objects. The amount of gravitational
force depends on the mass of the object. The greater the mass the
greater the attraction (gravitys force) The amount of gravitational
force depends on the mass of the object. The greater the mass the
greater the attraction (gravitys force) Gravitys pull changes with
distance Gravitys pull changes with distance
Slide 3
Planets Inner Planets Similar sizes, with rocky structure
Similar sizes, with rocky structure Rotate slow Rotate slow No
rings No rings Divided from outer planets by asteroid belt Divided
from outer planets by asteroid belt Outer Planets On the other side
of the asteroid belt further from the sun On the other side of the
asteroid belt further from the sun Similar in size, called the gas
giants Similar in size, called the gas giants Larger than inner
planets with a small metallic core and thick atmosphere Larger than
inner planets with a small metallic core and thick atmosphere All
have rings with many moons All have rings with many moons
Slide 4
Planets in Order
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Slide 5
Other Objects Comet: a ball of ice and rock that orbits the sun
Meteoroids: small, rocky or metallic objects I the suns orbit.
Located in the inner and outer regions Meteor: A meteoroid that
enters the Earths Atmosphere Meteorite: A Meteoroid that hits
Earths surface. Asteroids: Rocky or metallic objects that orbit the
sun. Can be large Asteroid belt: Separates inner and outer
planets.
Slide 6
Stars Star: A very large, hot ball of gas held together by
gravity Constellation: a group of stars that appear in a pattern
Light year: the distance light travels in one year. The speed at
which light travels. (More than 9 trillion kilometers)
Slide 7
Slide 8
A Parallax is an apparent shift in an objects positive when
viewed from two different locations.
Slide 9
Absolute Magnitude vs. Apparent Magnitude Absolute Magnitude:
How bright the star ACTAULLY is Apparent Magnitude: How bright the
star appears in the night sky on Earth.
Slide 10
A Stars Life Protostars: Every star starts its life as a
nebula, which is a huge cloud of dust and gas. As gravity in space
cases the star to contract it becomes a protostar. Main-Sequence
Stars: When the protostar reaches a certain temperature (millions
of degree Celsius.) This is when nuclear reactions begin, by fusing
together helium and hydrogen. The energy pushes outward against
gravity and at this point its considered a main-sequence star.
Slide 11
A Stars Life Red Giants and Super Giants: As the hydrogen core
is used up, the star becomes cooler and the color appears redder.
Instead of using hydrogen in its reactions it only uses helium Red
Giant: UP TO 10 times the size of the suns mass Supergiant: greater
in size than 10 times the suns mass
Slide 12
A Stars Life FINAL STAGES (Red Giant): Nuclear reactions build
up in the outer layers of the star giving off energy. The star than
releases clouds of gases, this is called a planetary nebula. The
layer of gases expend into space. The stars core continues to
shrink. The surface temperature begins to increase, the star than
becomes a white dwarf. A white dwarf is hot enough and gives off
enough radiation to causing the start to glow, allowing us to see
the planetary nebula. After billions of years the star finally
cools off and stop emitting light. We call this a black dwarf.
Slide 13
A Stars Life Final Stages (Supergiant): Use up energy at a
fantastic rate, giving off a lot of energy. The star is no longer
able to fuse atoms and give off energy at the same time. When the
supergiant finally reaches the point where it cannot produce and
give off enough energy it collapses, explodes and becomes a
supernova. Most of the time a supernova becomes and remains a
neutron star, which is dense and packed with particles. It rotates
quickly and eventually appears to be blinking, when this happens we
call this a pulsar. If the supergiant is VERY massive, instead of
becoming a neutron star, the core collapses. It becomes a very
tiny, yet very massive black hole. A black whole is an object whos
gravity is so strong that not even light can escape it. If the
supergiant is VERY massive, instead of becoming a neutron star, the
core collapses. It becomes a very tiny, yet very massive black
hole. A black whole is an object whos gravity is so strong that not
even light can escape it.
Slide 14
R E V I E W The Earth, Sun and Solar system are all part of
what galaxy? What is a galaxy? What is a light year? Name the inner
planets? Name the outer planets? What causes a black whole.