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Software Aspects of PQ Software Aspects of PQ in a DG Context in a DG Context
ByBy
Dr. Siri VaradanDr. Siri Varadan
2DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
OverviewOverview IntroductionIntroduction
– PQMSPQMS
– Basic Components of a PQMSBasic Components of a PQMS
Modular System DesignModular System Design– BenefitsBenefits
– Functional DesignFunctional Design
– Data Flow, Analysis, ReportingData Flow, Analysis, Reporting
DG Specific ApplicationsDG Specific Applications ConclusionsConclusions
3DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Power Quality Monitoring Power Quality Monitoring SystemsSystems
Integrated systems of several PQ monitors Integrated systems of several PQ monitors are being set upare being set up– increasing number of monitorsincreasing number of monitors– emerging computer technologies on hardware emerging computer technologies on hardware
and software areaand software area– different architectures that serve all PQ different architectures that serve all PQ
monitors with a single large databasemonitors with a single large database» client-serverclient-server» Intranet/InternetIntranet/Internet
4DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Power Quality Monitoring Power Quality Monitoring SystemsSystems
AdvantagesAdvantages– efficient and fast analysis of large volumes of dataefficient and fast analysis of large volumes of data– establish centralized PQ dataestablish centralized PQ data– usage of standard PQ indices within the utilityusage of standard PQ indices within the utility– standardization of customer complaint evaluationstandardization of customer complaint evaluation– modular, expendable and portable system designmodular, expendable and portable system design– reduction in system maintenance and expansion costsreduction in system maintenance and expansion costs– standard data analysis tools on LAN/WAN, Intranet, standard data analysis tools on LAN/WAN, Intranet,
etc.etc.– centralized security systemcentralized security system
5DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Main PQ Monitoring System Main PQ Monitoring System ComponentsComponents
Communication System - physical media (fibre Communication System - physical media (fibre optics, copper, wireless, etc), modems (DSL, optics, copper, wireless, etc), modems (DSL, telephone, etc.), Ethernet network components telephone, etc.), Ethernet network components (switches, routers, etc), etc.(switches, routers, etc), etc.
Information Technology (IT) System - computers Information Technology (IT) System - computers (data servers, polling stations, client stations, etc), (data servers, polling stations, client stations, etc), system software (operating system, etc), database system software (operating system, etc), database system, protocol converters, user applications system, protocol converters, user applications (GUI, analytical applications, alarm and (GUI, analytical applications, alarm and information dispersal software, web publishing, information dispersal software, web publishing, etc.), etc. etc.), etc.
6DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Main PQ Monitoring System Main PQ Monitoring System ComponentsComponents
Monitoring System - instrumentation (PQ Monitoring System - instrumentation (PQ monitors, RTUs, sensors, etc), data retrieval and monitors, RTUs, sensors, etc), data retrieval and
configuration software, etcconfiguration software, etc
7DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
PQ Monitoring System PQ Monitoring System ComponentsComponents
Monitoring system
WAN
Pollingserver
ODBCdatabase
Database/Applicationserver
Communication system
IT system
End users
PQ Monitors
8DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Modular System Design - Modular System Design - BenefitsBenefits
Removes vendor dependencies - The best alternatives, specific to meet all of the utility’s requirements, are used
Easy implementation of analysis applications – Analytical applications can be written that use the
‘standardized databases
– Industry standard and vendor independent applications, each best suited to meet utility’s requirements
9DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Modular System Design - Modular System Design - BenefitsBenefits
Ease in implementation of web reporting Ease in implementation of web reporting applications - Latest web hosting and interactive applications - Latest web hosting and interactive site technologies can be used.site technologies can be used.
Economic benefits - With several alternative Economic benefits - With several alternative systems, price of the individual modules is more systems, price of the individual modules is more competitivecompetitive
10DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Modular System Design - Modular System Design - BenefitsBenefits
Maintenance of a standard databaseMaintenance of a standard database– Allows cheap and regular maintenance. Facilitates easy Allows cheap and regular maintenance. Facilitates easy
database expansion. Single database ensures that there database expansion. Single database ensures that there is no duplication of data from all current and potential is no duplication of data from all current and potential future power quality monitors.future power quality monitors.
Existing trained personnel can quickly come up to Existing trained personnel can quickly come up to speed with the operation & maintenance of the speed with the operation & maintenance of the system - No new elaborate training is necessarysystem - No new elaborate training is necessary
11DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Modular System Design - Modular System Design - BenefitsBenefits
Future subsystem components can be Future subsystem components can be selected solely on their merit - ‘Vendor-selected solely on their merit - ‘Vendor-independence’ independence’
Modular design allowsModular design allows– utilization of future advances in utilization of future advances in
instrumentation, communication, and software instrumentation, communication, and software technologiestechnologies
– utilization of upgrading without a major utilization of upgrading without a major investment in a complete system overhaulinvestment in a complete system overhaul
12DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Conceptual DesignConceptual Design Future expandability; plug-and-play concept
Database
Leased Lines or other media
Fiber Optics and DSL modems
Instrumentation
Database serverMeter server
LAN
End user
Required software - Communication- Data logging - Configuration
Current PQ meters Future PQ meters
13DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Functional DesignFunctional Design
ODBCDatabase
ProprietaryDatabase
User Interface
FutureApplications
PQ SystemCharacterization
WEB Reporting
Data Managing, Analysis& Reporting
Polling & Downloading
Applications Software
14DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Software ModulesSoftware Modules
Data from Communication server
ODBC database Application
server
3 component analysis
‘Basic’ softwareis installed on the Communication server
Harmonicanalysis
Web reporting
Event reporting
PQ characterization
Independent software modules, each of which can be modified/upgraded independently
Import/Export of datato other formats
(PQDIF , COMTRADE , etc)
15DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Data FlowData Flow
Data Managing & Reporting
Standard Interfaces
PQ System Characterization
WEB Reporting
Data Analysis & Reporting
Basic Software 3 Component Analysis Harmonics Analysis
Alarms
Proprietary Database
Polling
User Interface
ODBC Database
SQL
16DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Data Analysis and ReportingData Analysis and Reporting
ODBC compliant databaseOracle or SQL serverDisturbance reports
Event-based reportsPeriodic reportsTrending reports
Data Managing& Reporting
Data Analysis& Reporting
Expertsystem rules
ODBC data
CalculationModules
Display
Extract
ODBC compliant databaseOracle or SQL serverDisturbance reports
Event-based reportsPeriodic reportsTrending reports
Data Managing& Reporting
Data Analysis& Reporting
Rule-basedSystem
ODBC data
CalculationModules
Display
Extract
17DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
Data Analysis and ReportingData Analysis and Reporting Calculation ModulesCalculation Modules
– RMS, Root Mean Square, (voltage or current)RMS, Root Mean Square, (voltage or current)– SARFISARFI– Fundamental voltages and currents of Fourier seriesFundamental voltages and currents of Fourier series– Total voltage harmonic RMS, etc.Total voltage harmonic RMS, etc.
Expert system rules constitute a simple if-and-then Expert system rules constitute a simple if-and-then logic for combining windowed time data with logic for combining windowed time data with relational and topological datarelational and topological data
Extract module basically extracts the required Extract module basically extracts the required portion of the data from database tablesportion of the data from database tables
Display is in the form of graphs, tables and textDisplay is in the form of graphs, tables and text
18DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
DG Specific PQ Applications ?DG Specific PQ Applications ?
Event AggregationEvent Aggregation Use of Intelligent schemes for post-Use of Intelligent schemes for post-
processingprocessing Centralized data analysisCentralized data analysis Cross-communication between different Cross-communication between different
measuring units for real-time diagnostics; measuring units for real-time diagnostics; classification etc.classification etc.
19DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
DG Specific NeedsDG Specific Needs
Protection issues – How and what caused Protection issues – How and what caused the problem?the problem?
Potential conflicts with PQ design and DG Potential conflicts with PQ design and DG objectivesobjectives
Operational conflictsOperational conflicts Ability to analyze conditions leading to Ability to analyze conditions leading to
resonance etc.resonance etc.
20DG Conference, Clemson, SCDG Conference, Clemson, SC
March 13-15, 2002March 13-15, 2002
ConclusionsConclusions Modular – system components can be changed Modular – system components can be changed
without major modificationswithout major modifications Expandable – new monitoring systems can be Expandable – new monitoring systems can be
added without a complete system overhaul added without a complete system overhaul Easier to maintainEasier to maintain Standard unified set of tools across the usersStandard unified set of tools across the users Customizable PQ applications with DG Customizable PQ applications with DG
systemssystems