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Software is divided into parts
System software Operating system Utility software
Application software
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System Software
When purchase a personal computer, it usually has system software installed on its hard drive.
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and devices.
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System software serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware.
Two type of system software are operating systems and utility programs.
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Operating System
OS is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources.
An operating system can run from an optical disc and/or flash memory mobile media, in most cases, the operating system is installed and resides on the computer’s hard drive.
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On handheld computers typically use different operating systems because operating system generally are written to run on a specific type of computer.
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Operating System Functions
Starting and Shutting Downcold boot and warm boot
Providing a user interfaceGraphical User Interface(GUI)Command-Line Interface
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Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Managing Programs
Managing Memory
Coordinating Tasks
Configuring Devices
Establishing an Internet Connection
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Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Monitoring Performance
Providing File Management and Other Utilities
Updating Software Automatically
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Type of Operating Systems
Many of the first OS were device dependent and proprietary.
A device-dependent program is one that runs only on a specific type or make a computer.
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Proprietary software is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model.
The advantage of device-independent operating systems is you can retain existing application software and data files even if you change computer models or vendors.
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Stand-Alone Operating System
Stand-Alone Operating System is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device.
Some stand-alone operating system are called client operating systems because they also work in conjunction with a server operating system.
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Server Operating Systems
Server Operating Systems is an operating system that is designed specifically to support a network.
Typically resides on a server.
Example: Windows Server 2008, UNIX, Linux, Solaris, and NetWare
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Embedded Operating Systems
The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics, called an embedded operating system, reside on a ROM chip.
Popular embedded operating system today include Windows Embedded CE, Windows Mobile, Palm OS, iPhone OS, BlackBerry, embedded Linux, and Symbian OS.
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Application Software
Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal task
To make business activities more efficient
To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
To support home, personal, and educational tasks
To facilitate communications
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Application Software
Available in a variety of forms:
Packaged software
Custom software
Web application
Open source software
Shareware
Freeware
Public-domain software
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System software serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware
Utility programs
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Utility Programs
A utility program, also called a utility, is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks, usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.
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Functions provided by utility programs include: managing files, searching for files, viewing images, uninstalling programs, cleaning up disks, defragmenting disks, backing up files and disks, setting up screen servers, securing a computer from unauthorized access, ect.
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