SOCIETY FORINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYQY TEACHEREDUCATION 15T H INTERNATIONAL

C O N F E R E N C E

Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education

International Conference Annual

March 1-6 • Atlanta, Georgia USA

Managing EditorsRichard Ferdig

Caroline CrawfordGeneral Editors

Roger CarlsenNiki DavisJerry Price

Roberta WeberDee Anna WilliS (Senior Editor)

TIB/UB Hannover 89128 582 26X

of Computing In Volume 2

DATABASES AS MINDTOOLS FOR DISCOVERY LEARNING IN ASYNCHRONOUS DISTANCELEARNING ENVIRONMENTS 734

Jesus Trespalacios, Juhong (Christie) Liu, Doctoral Program of Instructional Design/Technology, USALEARNING STYLE PREFERENCES AMONG ONLINE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS 736

Shahrzad Vafa, Baylor College of Medicine, USAEFFECTIVENESS OF AUDIO ON SCREEN CAPTURES IN SOFTWARE APPLICATION INSTRUCTION 740

Susan Veronikas, Texas Tech University, USALEARNER SATISFACTION FOR DISTANCE LEARNERS: LESSONS FOR TEACHER PREPARATIONPROGRAMS 743

Roberta K Weber, Florida Atlantic University, USA; Jackie White, Indian River Community College, USA; BillCahill, Florida Atlantic University, USA

GUIDING STRATEGIES FOR MEANINGFUL INTERACTION IN IBL .*. 747Younghee Woo, University of Georgia, USA

STEP ON DEVELOPING ACTIVE LEARNING COMMUNITY FOR AN ONLINE COURSE 751Harrison Hao Yang, Faith Maina, State University of New York at Oswego, USA

TESTED STRATEGIES FOR CREATING A SUCCESSFUL DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAM: ARESEARCH REPORT 761

Maureen Yoder, Lesley University, USATHE EFFECTS OF WEB BASED MULTIMEDIA LESSONS ON NATIVE AMERICAN LEARNING 764

Rebecca Zittle, Frank Zittle, Center for Educational Evaluation & Research (CEER), USA; Karen Lesher, NavajoEducation Technology Consortium (NETC), USA; Elvira Bitsoi Largie, Don Fischer, Moni Short, J. NathanielSoutherland, Karina Roessel, Toni Rivera, Florian Johnson, TECHShare Project, USA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: DIGITAL IMAGING 771DIGITAL IMAGERY IN THE ELEMENTARY SOCIAL STUDIES CLASSROOM 773

Michael Berson, University of South Florida, USATHE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF PRESERVICE TEACHERS' USE OF DIGITAL CAMERAS 781

Terri Teal Bucci, Ohio State University - Mansfield, USAA REVOLUTIONARY MULTIMEDIA PROJECT: THE BOSTON TEA PARTY 784

Ed Counts, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA; Nancy Knox, Bearden High School, Knoxville, TN, USA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: ELECTRONIC PLAYGROUND 791

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: EQUITY & SOCIAL JUSTICE 799PRESERVICE TEACHERS RESPONSE TO A WEBQUEST ON CULTURALLY RELEVANT TEACHING 801

Barbara Beyerbach, Marcia Burrell, SUNY Oswego, USAINTERNET CAFES: BRIDGES OF THE DIGITAL DIVIDE 806

Sebnem Cilesiz, University of Florida, USATECHNOLOGY: THE NEW SEGREGATOR 809

Jesse Foster, University ofNebraska-Lincoln, USAWHAT IS COMPUTER SCIENCE, ANYWAY?: DEEPENING URBAN TEACHERS' UNDERSTANDINGSOF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND WORKING TOWARDS AN ENGAGING PEDAGOGY 814

Joanna Goode, UCLA / Institute for Democracy, Education, and Access, USA; Jane Margolis, UCLA / Institutefor Democracy, Education, and Justice, USA

DIGITAL DEMOCRACY IN HIGHER EDUCATION 820Susana Juniu, Montclair State University, USA

TECHNOLOGY CLOSES THE GAP BETWEEN STUDENTS' INDIVIDUAL SKILLS AND BACKGROUNDDIFFERENCES 826

Elsa-Sofia Morote, Dowling College/MIT, USA; David Pritchard, MIT, USAQUALITATIVE META-ANALYSIS FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE: THE CREATION OF AN ON-LINE DIVERSITYRESOURCES DATABASE 832

Ann Potts, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA; Megan Boler, Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State University/University of Toronto, USA; David Hicks, Peter Doolittle, Susan Ariew, Cecile Cachaper,Kathleen Carico, Robert Prickett, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA

TECHNOLOGIES OF POWER AND TECHNOLOGIES OF THE SELF OR WHY MY EDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY CLASSES HAVE CHANGED SO MUCH 837

David Shutkin, John Carroll University, USA

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: EVALUATION & RESEARCH 843Gerald Knezek, University of North Texas, USA

RESEARCH: DISCOVERY, KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION: 33 THINGS EVERY RESEARCHER SHOULDCONSIDER 843

David Martland, Kingston University, UKAN INVESTIGATION OF GRADUATE STUDENTS' REFLECTIONS ON RESEARCH 850

Frances Bailie, Iona College, USAPREPARING TOMORROW'S TEACHERS TO USE TECHNOLOGY: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SKILLSAND VALUES 855

James Basham, Evangeline Pianfetti, Office of Educational Technology, USA; K. Alisa Lowrey, Department ofEducational Psychology, USA; Amanda Palla, Office of Educational Technology, USA

INVESTIGATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERACTIVE WHITEBOARDS IN THE CLASSROOM 861Sue Bennett, Lori Lockyer, University of Wollongong, Australia; Louise Thake, Gordon Primary School, Austra-lia; Chris Campbell, University of Wollongong, Australia

USING THE CONCERNS-BASED ADOPTION MODEL TO ASSESS CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGYIMPLEMENTATION 864

Gregory Chamblee, Georgia Southern University, USA; Scott Slough, University of Houston - Downtown, USACOMPUTER-ASSISTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING IN TAIWAN: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 872

Wei-Fan Chen, Chung-Pei Chuang, Tsung-Yen Chuang, The Pennsylvania State University, USAEFFECT OF VARIED TYPES OF HYPERMEDIA DISPLAY INTERFACES IN FACILITATING ACHIEVEMENTOF DIFFERENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES 876

Wei-Fan Chen, Chung-Pei Chuang, Tsung-Yen Chuang, The Pennsylvania State University, USAVALIDATING A HANDHELD COMPUTING SELF-EFFICACY SCALE 879

Rhonda Christensen, Institute for the Integration of Technology into Teaching and Learning (IITTL), USA;Gerald Knezek, University of North Texas, USA

TOOLS OF SUPPORT FOR EDUCATIONAL VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS 885Adriana Pereira Cocco, Universidade de Cruz Alta, Brazil; Claudio Fernando R. Geyer, Universidade Federal doRio Grande do Sul, Brazil

DIRECT EVIDENCE OF INQUIRY-BASED PRACTICES THROUGH THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY 891Benjamin Deaton, Art Recesso, University of Georgia, USA

FIRST YEAR TEACHER'S TECHNOLOGY USE: THREE PERSPECTIVES 894Judith Duffield, Myka Raymond, Nedal AlTenaiji, University of Colorado at Denver, USA; Barbara Cooper,Denver Public Schools, USA; Sherdyne Cornish, Community College of Denver, USA; Geraldine DiPalma,University of Colorado at Denver, USA; James Hurley, Douglas County Schools, USA

HYBRID COURSES FOR ADULTS: EVALUATING THE THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 900Catherine Dunkle, Nova Southeastern University, USA; Ligia Leite, PhD, Advisor, Nova Southeastern Univer-sity, Brazil

USING APHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH TO SS"TUDY TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION 906Ela Kaye Eley, University of Florida, USA

FACTORS AFFECTING PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' EVALUATION OF SOFTWARE USED FOR TEACHINGENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE 910

Yoshiko Goda, Florida Institute of Technology (Science Education), USATHE NEXUS EXPLORED: A GENERALISED MODEL OF LEARNING STYLES 917

Damian Gordon, Dublin Institute of Technology, IrelandASSESSING TEACHERS' TECHNOLOGY SKILLS AND ATTITUDES: INITIAL FINDINGS FROM THENORTH CAROLINA IMPACT EVALUATION 926

Lisa Grable, Amy Overbay, Jason Osborne, Ellen Vasu, Dominick Shattuck, NC State University, USAEVALUATING EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY PROJECTS: KEY STRATEGIES AND LESSONS LEARNED 931

Neal Grandgenett, Neal Topp, Elliott Ostler, University of Nebraska at Omaha, USA; Bob Pawloski, University ofNebraska at OmahA, USA

COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE LEARNING - A SET OF THESES 937Thorsten Hampel, University of Paderborn, Germany

TECHNOLOGYGROWTH AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION: EVALUATING WESTERN OREGONUNIVERSITY'S PT3 PROJECT 945

Joe Hansen, Teaching Research Div./Western Oregon University, USASP CHARTS: CREATING A LONGITUDINAL VIEW OF A TECHNOLOGY ENABLED INTERVENTION 951

Delwyn Harnisch, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA

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WRITING ASSESSMENT IN ELECTRONIC CONTEXTS 955Heather Hemming, Sonya Symons, Lisa Langille, Acadia University, Canada

TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION EXPERTISE IN MIDDLE SCHOOL SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHERS ANDTHE MEASURMENT OF CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE USING PATHFINDER SOFTWARE 960

Judy Lambert, North Carolina State University, USACONCEPTUALIZING BARRIERS: TECHNOLOGY INFUSION AND LEARNING IN PRE-SERVICETEACHER EDUCATION 966

Richard Larkin, University of West Georgia, USA; John Dickey, Virginia Tech, USAEVALUATION OF THE SCENISTIC METHODOLOGY CONTRIBUTION TO MULTIMEDIA TEACHING. 969

Jean-Marc LAUBIN, Universite de Valenciennes, FranceA STUDY OF KANSEI DESIGN APPROACH BY EXPLICIT IMAGES OF 3D OBJECTS AND EVALUATIONOF VARIOUS BEHAVIORS RELATED WITH CREATION/IMAGINATION BY ANALYSIS OF BRAIN WAVES .... 974

SeungHee Lee, University of Tsukuba, JapanDO YOU KNOW HOW TO WRITE LEARNING OBJECTIVES? — AN ACTION RESEARCH 979

Pei-Lin Liu, Linda Lohr, University of Northern Colorado, USALEARNING STRATEGIES ASSESSMENT.THE IMPACT OF ICT'S OVER LEARNING PROCESS 982

Gloria Patricia Marciales Vivas, Ma. del Mar Ruiz Gil, Francisco Fernando Viveros Moreno, Jorge Luis SanchezTellez, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia

INTEL TEACH TO THE FUTURE PRESERVICE PROGRAM: FINDINGS FROM A FORMATIVEEVALUATION 988

Katherine McMillan Culp, Daniel Light, Deborah Keisch, Education Development Center/Center for Children andTechnology, USA

SCIENTIFICALLY-BASED RESEARCH: POSTCARDS FROM THE EDGE 992Amy Overbay, Lisa Grable, Ellen Vasu, College of Education, NC State University, USA

STUDENTS' MEMORY ACCURACY ON STATIC IMAGES 997Ju Park, University of Florida, USA

ARE WE THERE YET? THE JOURNEY OF ICT INTEGRATION 1001Petrea Redmond, University of Southern Queensland, Australia; Katie Brown, Newtown State School, Australia

THE PEDAGOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS MEASUREMENT (PEM): A PROFILING FRAMEWORK FORTHE EVALUATION OF ONLINE COURSES 1009

Jorge Joel Reyes-Mendez, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Canada; Laurie Harrison, Adaptive Technol-ogy Resource Centre, University of Toronto, Canada

LEARNING THROUGH EXPLORATION OF AN ONLINE SCHOOL: CHARACTERISTICS OF PRESERVICETEACHERS'SEARCHES 1015

Eric Riedel, University of Minnesota, USA; David Gibson, The Vermont Institutes, USAUSING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING SOFTWARE WITH STUDENTS AT A 1019

Pavel Samsonov, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USAIMPROVING STUDENT COLLABORATION IN ONLINE COURSES USING REFLECTIVE PARTNEREVALUATIONS 1027

Lorraine Schmertzing, Lars Leader, Valdosta State University, USASTUDENT ACHIEVEMENT AND SUCCESS IN ONLINE ENVIRONMENTS: RESEARCH INTOCHARACTERISTICS AND STRATEGIES 1033

Lynne Schrum, University of Utah, USAASSESSING INSERVICE EDUCATOR PERFORMANCE OF STATE AND NATIONAL TECHNOLOGYSTANDARDS THROUGH DIRECT OBSERVATION 1041

Mary Shoffiier, Georgia State University, USAASSESSING THE PEDAGOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY OF ONLINE COURSES 1047

Gwendolyn Smith, Jeffrey Kromrey, Ann Barron, Lou Carey, Kristine Hogarty, Melinda Hess, University of SouthFlorida, USA

EVALUATING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION: PUTTING ALL THE PIECES TOGETHER TO MEET THECHALLENGE OF NCLB 1055

Jane Steelman, Ellen Vasu, Alan Foley, North Carolina State University, USAPERCEPTIONS DISPLAYED BY NOVICE PROGRAMMERS WHEN EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIPBETWEEN MODULARIZATION ABILITY AND PERFORMANCE IN THE C++ PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGE 1061

Maurice Vodounon, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, USA

xvi

BARRIERS AND CONCERNS OF TEACHERS USING TECHNOLOGY IN THEIR INSTRUCTION:A PILOT STUDY 1070

Feng Wang, The University of Georgia, USA; Kunming Zhang, Central China Normal University, China; HaiyanSun, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China

TEACHERS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND DESIGN-BASED RESEARCH 1075Feng Wang, The University of Georgia, USA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION/INTEGRATION 1081

Joan Hughes, University of Minnesota, USANON-NEGOTIATED VIEWS OF COMMUNICATION: A CASE STUDY OF A PROJECT-BASEDLEARNING CLASSROOM WITH MULTIPLE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES 1084

Junghyun An, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USAACCESS AND SECURITY: THE PLIGHT OF SINGLE USERNAME 1092

Anne Arendt, Utah Valley State College, USAENHANCING THE TRADITIONAL CURRICULUM COURSE WITH TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES 1094

Mary Kay Bacallao, Mercer University/Tift College of Education, USAFROM ISOLATION TO COALITION 1096

Cathy Barlow, UNC Wilmington, Watson School of Education, USACHARTING A COURSE IN THE INFORMATION AGE: ENABLING STUDENTS TO DEVELOPINFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS 1102

John Barnard, Gordon College, USAKEEPING WEB ACCESSIBILITY IN MIND: THE STATE OF WEB ACCESSIBILITY IN UNITED STATESK-12 EDUCATION 1104

Peter Blair, WebAIM (Web Accessibility in Mind), USALEARNING LOCKDOWN: THE DISCONNECT BETWEEN PRESERVICE PREPARATION ANDPERMISSIBLE TECHNOLOGY PRACTICE IN SCHOOLS 1108

Stephen Bronack, Melanie Greene, Richard Riedl, John Tashner, Sara Zimmerman, Appalachian State University,USA

USING ELECTRONIC TEXTS AS THE COURSE TEXTBOOK 1113Terence Cavanaugh, University of North Florida, USA

CHALLENGES FOR SYSTEM DESIGN OF A COMMUNITY NETWORKING TOOL 1118Mousumi Chatterjee, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA

CAMPUS WIDE NOTEBOOKS-SHOULD WE DO IT AGAIN? 1125Val Christensen, Valley City State University, USA

PUTTING PASSION ON-LINE: A PROTOCOL FOR BUILDING MOTIVATION INTO CURRICULUMWEBS 1128

Craig Cunningham, Diana Joseph, University of Chicago, USACAN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFORM TEACHING AND LEARNING? THE IMPACT OF INTERACTIVEWHITEBOARDS 1133

John Cuthell, University of Huddersfield; Virtual Learning, UKINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN TEACHING WRITING SKILLS TO ENGLISHLANGUAGE LEARNERS 1139

Jacqui Cyrus, Texas Tech University, USAPROMOTING STUDENTS THINKING SKILLS THROUGH MINIMALIST APPROACH OF DIFFUSINGCOMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION TECHOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1145

Rosseni Din, Aidah Abdul_Karim, Kamisah Osman, National University of Malaysia, MalaysiaPRE-SERVICE TEACHERS EDUCATING PARENTS ON TECHNOLOGY: THE TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION FOR PARENTS (TIPS) TELEVISION SERIES 1151

Jacque Ewing-Taylor, Kenneth Gibson, University of Nevada, USAWHY SHOULD WE USE ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING? 1154

Tony Fetherston, Edith Cowan University, AustraliaE-LEARNING WITH AN INTEGRATED 3-TIER SYSTEM FOR CONTENT REPURPOSING ANDMULTIPLE DEVICES PRESENTATION 1158

Pantano Rokou Franca, University of Aegean, GreeceAND THE WINNER IS 1162

Patricia Gegelman, Valley City State University, USA

xvii

WORD IN THE SCHOLARLY SENSE 1164Melissa Gibson, Dakota Wesleyan University, USA

NEW ROLES OF THE INSTRUCTOR & LEARNER: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE TEACHING,TECHNOLOGY AND TEAMWORK PROGRAM 1171

David Grannis, California Lutheran University, USAFEATURE OF PEOPLE WHO ARE UNCOMFORTABLE WITH PERSONAL COMPUTER OPERATION 1178

Hiroo Hirose, Tokyo University of Science, Suwa, Japan; Kazuaki Nanba, Tokyo University of Science, JapanEMAIL QUESTION JOURNALS, COMPUTER-BASED CONCEPT MAPPING AND THE DEVELOPMENTOF PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE 1184

K.C. Holder, Eastern Oregon University, USAI'VE GOT ISSUES!: MAKING THE TRANSITION FROM OCCASIONAL COMPUTER USE TO AN ALLNOTEBOOK CAMPUS :. 1188

Dale Hoskisson, Valley City State University, USAA CASE STUDY OF THE CHANGE PROCESS OF INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY INTO AN ELEMENTARYSCIENCE METHODS COURSE 1190

Pi-Sui Hsu, CarlaZembal-Saul, The Pennsylvania State University, US*HANDHELD TECHNOLOGY: DELIVERY, ASSESSMENT AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT 1197

Andrew Hunt, Pamela Warric.v. University of Arkansas at Little Rock, USATHE STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF A WEB-BASED CHATBOT SYSTEM ON THE TEACHING OFFOREIGN LANGUAGES 1201

Jiyou .ha, Institute for Interdisciplinary Informatics, university of Augsburg, GermanySUPPORTING COMPREHENSIVE TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION: REPORT OF THREE-YEARINTEL/TIF INITIATIVE 1208

Deborah Jolly, Texas A&M University, USA; Roger Salinas, Wexford Inc, USA; Deborah Noe, Texas A&MUniversity, USA

HIGH QUALITY TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT IN SCHOOLS: ITS AVAILABILITY AND IMPACT ONTEACHERS'TECHNOLOGY USES 1212

Moon-kwon Jun, The University of Iowa, College of Education, USAINSTRUCTIONAL INTERACTIVITY AND TECHNOLOGY COMPONENTS OF A FRESHMAN CHEMISTRYCOURSE 1215

Ajda Kahveci, Murat Kahveci, Florida State University, USATHE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERACTIVITY IN GENDER EQUITABLE EDUCATION 1218

Murat Kahveci, Ajda Kahveci, Florida State University, USATHE USE OF INTERACTIVITY IN A GRADUATE CLASS: A CASE STUDY 1221

Murat Kahveci, Florida State University, USAEFFECTS OF INTEGRATING A COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION SYSTEM ON DECISION MAKINGPROCESSES IN SCHOOL MANAGEMENT 1224

Poria Kalay, Levinsky College of Education, Israel; David Chen, tel Aviv University, Israel ; •USING TECHNOLOGY TO ENHANCE MEANINGFUL LEARNING EXPERIENCES IN THE CLASSROOM-A CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVE 1225

Jared Keengwe, David Hofmeister, Indiana State University, USAINTEGRATING INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY: ARTICULATING KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND AFFECTDEVELOPMENTALLY THROUGHOUT A TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM 1228

Susan Kiger, Melissa Nail, Indiana State University. ' SAUSING INTELLIGENT AGENTS TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS 1231

Jon-David Knode, Towson University, USATEACHERS + 2LEARN.CA INTERACTIVE ONLINE TOOLS = EXTRAORDINARY RESULTS 1234

Catherine Kullman, Brian Cleary, Janet Bell, TELUS Learning Connection, CanadaPERCEPTIONS OF FACULTY AND STUDENTS ON THE USE OF WIRELESS LAPTOPS 1242

Chia-Ling Kuo, Ohio University, USADISTANCE MAKES NO DIFFERENCE, USING STREAMING VIDEO TO ENHANCE CURRICULUM K-12 1247

Cindy Lane, Lindbergh School District, USAINSTANT MESSAGING AND STUDENTS: IDENTIFYING THE CHALLENGES 1248

Kevin C. Lee, Western Carolina University, USAELECTRONIC SERVICES IN UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATION 1256

Kent Leung, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

xviii

CHALLENGES AND SUCCESSES AT LAPTOP INSTITUTIONS, PART 1 1262Gregory MacKinnon, Acadia University, Canada

USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE THE TEACHING, LEARNING AND COORDINATINGPROCESS IN A COMPUTER FLUENCY COURSE 1267

Daniela Marghitu, Sean Meredith, Landon Zabcik, Auburn University, USAFLUENCY IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE ARTS ANDSCIENCES MINOR AT SALEM STATE COLLEGE 1275

Christopher Mauriello, Sheila Shea, Salem State College, USAUSING A CASE LIBRARY TO ENHANCE LEARNING IN A GRADUATE LEVEL EDUCATION COURSE ONTECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION 1283

Tawnya Means, Universtity of Missouri - Columbia, USA; Feng Kwei Wang, University of Missouri - Columbia,USA

EXPANDING TECHNOLOGY SKILLS FOR AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAMS 1286Bruce Morgan, GSSW Bridge Project-Denver University, USA; Carl Reynolds, University of Wyoming, USA

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY IMPROVES TEST SCORES: IMPLICATIONS FROM RESEARCH 1289Betty Morris, State University of West Georgia, USA; Peggy Milam, Media Leadership Team; Cobb CountySchool District, USA

THE ROLE OF COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY IN TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION BELIEFS OF SCHOOLTEACHERS IN INDIA 1295

AlokaNanjappa, Deborah Lowther, The University of Memphis, USAMICROSKILLS BASED COUNSELOR TRAINING USING DIGITAL VIDEO EDITING SOFTWARE 1303

John Newman, Paul Abney, University of Nevada,Reno, USAINTERNET IN CLASSROOMS? AN EXAMINATION OF VARIABLES INFLUENCING A TEACHER'SACCEPTANCE OF THE WEB 1307

Kristina Nink, Georgetown University, USAUSING ACTIVITY THEORY FRAMEWORK (ATF) TO BUILD AN ANALYTIC BRIDGE ACROSS THEATLANTIC: TWO CASES OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)INTEGRATION 1310

Tom Nyvang, Aalborg University/Iowa State University, Denmark; Natalie Johnson, Iowa State University, USAFROM ENTRY TO ADAPTATION TO TRANSFORMATION: TOOLS TO HELP EDUCATORS MOVEALONG THE CONTINUUM 1318

Marilyn O'Callaghan, Tanna Kincaid, North Dakota Teaching With Technology, USALEARNING STYLES AND INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIORS IN ONLINE INFORMATIONRETRIEVAL ENVIRONMENTS: FOCUSING ON THE USE OF ONLINE LIBRARY CATALOGS ANDELECTRONIC DATABASES 1324

Eunjoo Oh, University of Tenessee, Knoxville, TN, USATEACHING AND LEARNING CREATIVELY IN A MULTIMEDIA ENVIRONMENT 1330

Mabel CPO Okojie, Anthony Olinzock, Tinukwa Okojie, Mississippi State University, USAINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION IN EDUCATION IN TURKEY: ASTUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION PHASE OF THE COMPUTER-AIDED EDUCATION PROJECT 1332

Emrah Orhun, Troy State University, USANO SCHOOL LEFT BEHIND: HOW SCHOOL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS CANFACILITATE OR INHIBIT ADOPTION OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY 1339

Jason Osborne, Anna Costello, Dominick Shattuck, Anasuya Datta, North Carolina State University, USAPROVIDING FLEXIBILITYTO AN IOWA COMMUNICATION NETWORK (ICN) SITE VIAA NEWSTREAMING TECHNOLOGY (VBRICK) 1346

Sonmez Pamuk, Iowa State University, USAIS E-LEARNING BORN FOR FORMAL LEARNING? 1350

Ka-man PANG, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong KongINTEGRATING MOODLE INTO A COURSE FOR PRE- AND IN-SERVICE TEACHERS 1354

Jay Pfaffman, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USAUSING GRAPHING CALCULATORS AS MINI COMPUTERS IN MIDDLE SCHOOL LANGUAGE ARTS 1359

Bonnie Piller, California State University San Bernardino, USAINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION 1361

Marcos Pinto, CUNY Graduate Center, USATHE INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY ON TEACHER'S PRACTICE OF USING COMPUTERS IN THECLASSROOM 1365

David Piper, Dana Austin, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA

xix

CONTENT VS. TECHNOLOGY? TEACHERS, STUDENTS AND SCHOOLS IN THE DIGITAL AGE 1372Jack Pope, Barton Thurber, University of San Diego, USA

BUILDING THE CASE FOR HANDHELD COMPUTERS IN THE CLASSROOM 1376Susan Powers, Kenneth Janz, Indiana State University, USA

SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION ACROSS THE TEACHER EDUCATION SYSTEM 1383Jennifer Richardson, Scott Schaffer, Purdue University, USA

USING THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR TO PREDICT BRUNEIAN TEACHERS' INTENTIONSTO USE ICT IN TEACHING 1389

Sallimah Salleh, University Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam; Peter Albion, University of SouthernQueensland, Australia

THEORY INTO PRACTICE: CHALLENGES TO THE INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGY INTO SCHOOLADMINISTRATION :. 1397

Robert Sanders, Appalachian State University, USAFROM SHARING CONTENT TO REUSING LEARNING ACTIVITIES, WILL LEARNING OBJECTSCHANGE HIGHER EDUCATION? 1401

Nadia Spang Bovey, University of Lausanne, SwitzerlandTAKING UP INNOVATION: AN EMERGING ROLE FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHERS 1408

Hiller Spires, David Frye, Meredith Pittman, North Carolina State University, USATECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION OF THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER: A QUALITATIVE CASESTUDY 1413

Kelly Springer, State University of West Georgia, USACONDITIONS FOR CREATING AN INNOVATION FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT IN K-12 SCHOOLS 1418

Daniel Surry, Barry Porter, Katherine Jackson, David Hall, University of South Alabama, USAELIMINATING COMMON ALGEBRAIC ERRORS USING COMPUTER-BASED INSTRUCTION ANDSUPPLEMENTS 1426

Bassoppo-Moyo Temba C , Illinois State University, USABEYOND ACCESS: LITERATE USE OF TECHNOLOGY 1429

Evelyn Thames, State University of West Georgia, USAINFUSING HANDHELD TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE CLASSROOM: DESIGNING MEANINGFULLEARNING EXPERIENCES FOR K-12 STUDENTS 1432

Melissa A. Thomeczek, Dave S. Knowlton, Renee E. Weiss, Southern Illinois University, USATHE UNIVERSITY AS AN EDUCATIONAL APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER 1435

John Ulmer, Deb Whitten, Purdue University, USAA PRACTICAL GUIDE TO CLASSROOM DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCTION IN K12 1436

Nathan Wagoner, Juniata College, USAINTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY INTO ESL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: USE PROCESS WRITINGAPPROACH AS AN EXAMPLE 1442

Charles Xiaoxue Wang, Yan Wang, Georgia State University, USAASSESSING THE PACE OF CYBERCHANGE WITH TAM 1448

Tzong-Song Wang, Tajen Institute of Technology, Taiwan; Larry K. Bright, The University of South Dakota,USA

FROM CONTEXTUALIZATION TO GENERALIZATION - THE COMPUTER CORE COURSE INPRESERVICE TEACHERS' IT TRAINING 1454

Yu-mei Wang, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USASITUATING TEACHERS' COMPUTER TRAINING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INNOVATIONDIFFUSION THEORY 1457

Yu-mei Wang, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USASKILLS VS. INTEGRATION? FINDING THE RIGHT BALANCE OF TECHNOLOGY INSTRUCTION IN ASINGLE PRESERVICE COURSE 1462

Richard West, Charles Graham, Brigham Young University, USAIN-SERVICE AND PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS USING TODAY'S TOOLS TO HELP STUDENTS MEETCONTENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1468

Simon Whittaker, Arkansas State University, USAA PROBLEM-BASED APPROACH TO TEACHING THE TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION PLANNING (TIP)MODEL 1474

William Wiencke, State University of West Georgia, USA; M.D. Roblyer, University of Maryland UniversityCollege, USA

XX

ELECTRONIC PORTFOLIO: ASSESSING AND EVALUATING CANDIDATE PERFORMANCE IN MIDDLELEVEL AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 1478

Betty Wood, Univeristy of Arkansas at Little Rock, USA; Shirley Freeman-Turner, University of Arkansas atLittle Rock, USA

RIPPED FROM THE HEADLINES: EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ISSUES AND TRENDS 1482Vivian Wright, Jennifer Alexiou-Ray, Robert Mayben, Melody Shearin, Bill Mclnnish, Pam Wilemon, RebeccaSellers, The University of Alabama, USA

"PASSPORT TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY": DIFFUSION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSCHOOL WHILE EMPOWERING CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS 1483

Hanan Yaniv, Rivka Wadmany, Teachers College of Technology, IsraelIT FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS 1488

Rina Zviel-Girshin, pen University, Jordan Valley College, Israel, Israel; Igor "Fleischer, Ministry of Sport, WingateInstitute of Sport,, Israel; Nathan Rosenberg, Advanced Research Center, Jordan Valley College, Israel

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: INTERNATIONAL 1495Therese Laferriere, Laval University, Canada

STRATEGIC TRAINING OF TECH SUPPORT STAFF FOR CHINESE EDUCATION 1497Julie Bao, Shippensburg University, USA; Yonghe Wu, Xiaobing Su, East China Normal University, China

USING PROBLEM-POSING CONCEPT IN TAIWAN'S COMPUTER VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS 1503Ling-Chin Ko, Indiana State University, USA; Jui-Feng Ho, Far East College in Taiwan and Indiana State Univer-sity in the U.S.A., Taiwan

CONTEXTUAL VARIABLE STUDY FOR INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN DIFFERENTCULTURAL SITUATIONS 1506

Juhong (Christie) Liu, Doctoral Program of Instructional Design & Technology, Virginia Tech, USA; Haixia Li,Institute of Modern Educational Technology,Tsinghua University,China, China; Hong Zhan, Doctoral Programof Educational Technology, Northern Arizona University, USA

ACCOMMODATING THE NEEDS OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN ONLINE LEARNING: ISSUES,STRATEGIES AND RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 1509

Yuxin Ma, Guolin Lai, Georgia State University, USASYSTEMIC CHANGE OF THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS 1511

Marylu Menchaca, Paul Resta, The University of Texas at Austin, Mexico; Carlos E. Gonzalez, Monica Porres,Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Mexico

THE APPLICATION OF A WESTERN-BASED TECHNOLOGY MODEL IN SCHOOLS OF DEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 1514

Tofi Rahal, Zayed University, United Arab EmiratesCYBERSPACE GENDER LESSONS FROM A CROUCHING TIGER 1516

Tzong-Song Wang, Tajen Institute of Technology, Taiwan; Larry K. Bright, The University of South Dakota,USA

ADDRESSING BARRIERS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FROM A MULTI-NATIONAL VIEW: ANEW MESSAGE FOR TEACHER EDUCATION 1524

Roberta K Weber, Florida Atlantic University, USA; Richard Millwood, Ultralab, Anglia Polytechnic University,UK; Kari Kumpulainen, University of Oulu, Finland; Eileen Freeman, Daithi O Murchu, Ann FitzGibbon, ElizabethOldham, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Elizabeth Sorensen, University of, Netherlands

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: LATINO/SPANISH SPEAKING COMMUNITY 1527A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HISPANIC STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN TRADITIONAL IN-CLASSCOURSES AND INTERNET-BASED COURSES 1528

Pilar Toral, University of Puerto Rico at Carolina, Puerto RicoA TECHNOLOGY-BASED PROCESS FOR TEACHING LEARNER-CENTERED CLASSROOMASSESSMENT 1536

M. Jeanne Yanes, Ed.D., The University of Texas Pan American, USA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: LEADERSHIP 1539LEADERSHIP AND TECHNOLOGY: THE BIG ... WELL, PART OF THE BIG PICTURE

Ian Gibson, Wichita State University, USAINFUSING TECHNOLOGY INTO A TRADITIONAL GRADUATE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATIONPROGRAM: CHALLENGES TO AUTHENTIC CURRICULUM AND PEDAGOGICAL TRANSFORMATION 1543

Roma Angel, John Tashner, Rob Sanders, Ralph Hall, Stephen White, Kenneth Jenkins, Linda O'Neal, JulieHorton, Melanie Greene, Louis Safer, Appalachian State University, USA

xxi

TECHNOLOGY STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS: PERCEPTIONS OFSUPERINTENDENTS AND TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION LEADERSHIP ROLES 1547

Michael Battle, T. Colette Smith, University of Southern Mississippi, USAAPPROPRIATE COMPUTER USE ON CAMPUS: UNIVERSITY POLICYMAKERS' PERSPECTIVES 1554

Teri Brandenburg, Mississippi State University, USACOMPRESSED VIDEO + WEBCT + FACE-TO-FACE = LEARNING 1557

Martha Burger, Michael Land, Midwestern State University, USAINTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP MASTER AND DOCTORAL PROGRAMS:NETS FOR ADMINISTRATORS (NETS*A) 1558

Mary Ann Coe, Tarn Jones, Midwestern State University, USAMENTORSHIP: THE KEY TO SUCCESSFUL LONGEVITY IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP 1560

Pamela Freeman, Michael McFrazier, Prairie View A&M University, USABUILDING A STANDARDS BASED, STATE-OF-THE ART TECHNOLOGY PLAN 1566

Brenda Frieden, Sue Stidham, Pittsburg State University, USATECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP: STATE LEVEL INITIATIVES CHANGING THE CONVERSATION ABOUTLEARNING IN KANSAS THROUGH AN EMPHASIS UPON LEADERSHIP IN A TECHNOLOGICALLYRICH ENVIRONMENT. 1568

Ian Gibson, Wichita State University, USA; Steve Wyckoff, Mike Cook, ESSDACK, USAONLINE OR FACE-TO-FACE: HOW TO DELIVER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT 1576

Robert Graham, St. John's University, USATHE CERTAINTIES AND UNCERTAINTIES OF ANSWERS TO LEGAL ISSUES CONFRONTINGSCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS REGARDING STUDENT USE OF THE INTERNET AND OTHERCOMPTUER TECHNOLOGIES 1581

Ralph Hall, Appalachian State University, USADIVERSITY, CASE STUDY PERSPECTIVES AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION 1587

Julie Horton, Roma Angel, Melanie Greene, Appalachian State University, USACREATING AN ON-LINE LEARNING MODULE ON DATA DRIVEN DECISION MAKING 1590

Ken Jenkins, Appalachian State University, USAFACULTY ADOPTION OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES: ORGANIZATIONAL AND PERSONALPERSPECTIVES 1595

Joel Levine, Barry University, USATRAINING SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY LEADERS ONLINE 1599

Barbara McKenzie, University of West Georgia, USA; Nancy Mims, Western Carolina University, USA; LynneGaskin, University of West Georgia, USA

ELECTRONIC TOOLS FOR TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION, ASSESSMENT, AND PLANNING 1605Cheryl Murphy, Rebecca Martindale, University of Arkansas, USA

IDENTIFYING THE LEARNING NEEDS OF SITE-BASED TECHNOLOGY RESOURCE SPECIALISTS: ADELPHI STUDY 1607

Priscilla Norton, George Ma:>on University, USAINTEGRATING DISCUSSION BOARDS TO SOLVE AUTHENTIC SCHOOL PROBLEMS AND PROMOTESTUDENT COLLABORATION 1615

Linda O'Neal, Louis Safer, Appalachian State University, USAPRINCIPALS' BELIEFS ABOUT TEACHING WITH ICT: A MODEL FOR PROMOTING CHANGE 1620

Thomas Otto, Withcott State School, Australia; Peter Albion, University of Southern Queensland, AustraliaA PARTICIPANT-ORIENTED COURSE EVALUATION OF AN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP COHORTMODEL 1628

Deniz Palak, West Virginia University, USA; Paul Chapman, West Virginia Univesity, USA; R. Neal Shambaugh,West Virginia University, USA

EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP FACULTY TAKE THE HIGH RENAISSANCE CHALLENGE: PREPARINGTOMORROW'S LEADERS TO LEAD (PTL2) 1633

Shannon Parks, Tracee Synco, Stephanie Ash, Jennifer Fritschi, Alabama's Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers toUse Technology, USA

THr RELATIONSHIP OF LEADERSHIP, EXPERIENCE AND COMPUTER ATTITUDES ON TEACHERS' SELF-EF' CACIES OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY USE IN THE CLASSROOMS 1635

David Piper, Dana Austin, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USAA MODEL FOR UPDATING INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY MASTERS' DEGREE CURRICULA 1643

Stephen Rodriguez, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, USA

xxii

PROFESSIONAL E-LEARNING ACADEMIC PROJECTS MANAGEMENT FOR NON-PROFESSIONALS 1649Violeta Roxin, Universite de Franche-Comte, France; loan Roxin, Universite Franche-Comte, France

ESTABLISHMENT OF A CENTER FOR HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS EDUCATION: MISSIONEVOLUTION OF THE ACADEMIC HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY 1658

Guillaume Van Moorsel, Colleen Kenefick, Spencer Marsh, Jane Yahil, Stony Brook University - Health SciencesCenter, USA

EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING, FIELD-BASED INTERNSHIP AND TECHNOLOGY: AUGMENTING THELEARNING PROCESS 1664

Stephen R White, Appalachian State University, USA; Art Safer, Appalachian State Univrtsity, USA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: NEW POSSIBILITIES WITHINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY .-. 1669

Sara McNeil, University of Houston, USAMHP BASED INTERACTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN DIGITAL TV 1670

Paivi Aarreniemi-Jokipelto, Juha Tuominen, Helsinki University of Technology, FinlandCAN ONLINE ORGANIZATION BE EFFECTIVE IN IMPROVING JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS'GRADES? 1677

Suzanne Aberasturi, Kulwadee Kongrith, Cleborne Maddux, University of Nevada, Reno, USATHE POTENTIAL FOR AUTONOMOUS LEARNING THROUGH ICT 1679

Mara Alagic, Kay Gibson, Connie Doyle, Wichita State University, USAHANDHELD COMPUTER AS AN ASSESSMENT TOOL 1685

Marty Beech, Learning Systems Institute, USA; Jeeheon Ryu, Florida State University, USACOMPUTERIZED PATIENT AND CASE SIMULATION PROJECT 1689

Justin Bonzo, Jennifer Smyth, Santiago Toro-Posada, University of British Columbia - Faculty of Medicine,Canada

EXTENDING THE BOUNDARIES OF THE LEARNING ZONE 1692Mary Fran Breiling, Mary Jo Gorney-Moreno, San Jose State University, USA

WHERE YA AT AND WHAT'S HAPPNIN': USING GIS FOR CRITICAL THINKING IN THEINQUIRY-BASED CLASSROOM 1694

Andrea Campbell, Clemson University, USA; Patricia Warner, SC Center of Excellence for Instructional Technol-ogy Training, USA

THE EDUCATIONAL PROMISE OF INTERACTIVE WEB-BASED MOVIES 1696Katherine Cennamo, Virginia Tech, USA

MULTI MODE MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING SYSTEM FOR CROSS CAMPUS DEVELOPMENT 1698Chiping Chan, Ching Heng Ku, National Center for High-Performance Computing, Taiwan

IMPROVING PERFORMANCE THROUGH REFLECTION: INTEGRATING DIGITAL VIDEO TOOLSINTO TEACHER PREPARATION 1700

Ann Cunningham, Wake Forest University, USATHE IMPLICATIONS OF VIDEO CASE TOOLS FOR PRESERVICE AND INSERVICE TEACHERS 1706

Benjamin Deaton, Art Recesso, Ken Hay, University of Georgia, USACONNECTING THEORY AND PRACTICE USING WEB-BASED CASES 1709

Sara Dexter, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA; Cassandra Scharber, University of Minnesota, USAPAIRING FUTURE TEACHERS WITH HIGHLY QUALIFIED TEACHERS: AN ON-LINE EARLY FIELDEXPERIENCE PLACEMENT MODEL FOR TEACHER PREPARATION PROGRAMS 1711

Amy Gimino, Ralph Pagan, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USAINVESTIGATING THE USABILITY OF COLLABORATION SOFTWARE 1715

Paulette Goodman, Virginia Tech, USAMUVEING TOWARD THE FUTURE: VYGOTSKY IN THE VIRTUAL CLASSROOM 1723

Hope Hartman, City University of New York, USAHYPERMEDIA APPLICATIONS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: EXPLORING THEROLE OF DATABASES AS INTERMEDIARIES 1729

Richard Hartshorne, Richard Ferdig, University of Florida, USABLUE COLLAR TECHNOLOGY, WHITE COLLAR BURDEN: THE GAP BETWEEN STUDENTS ANDTEACHERS IN THE USE OF EVERYDAY TECHNOLOGY 1735

Ron Hayes, Ryan Nigro, Leanne Roberts, Mercyhurst College, USAI AN APPROACH TO IMPROVING LEARNING THROUGH AUTHENTIC LEARNING PROJECTS 1737

LaMont Johnson, Leping Liu, Christine Cheney, University of Nevada, Reno, USA

xxiii