Socialism AN Utopian Concept

Sneha Bhongade (8083)

Abhishek Parkar (8085)

Arvind Patel (8086)

Jayta Patel (8087)

Animesh Patil (8088)

Jyoti Patil (8089)

Presented By:

OVERVIEW OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM

Economist define an economic system as

“The sum total of the devices by which preference among alternative purpose of economic activity is determined and by which individual activities are coordinated for the achievement of these purposes. The central problem of and economic system is the allocation of resources.”

• Sum total of devices

• Individual alternatives

• For achievement of purposes

• To manage resources

ECONOMIC SYSTEM

CapitalismProducer and Consumer goodsDepend on 3 major objectives 1. What to produce 2. How to produce 3. for Whom to produce

SocialismProduction and Economic developmentDepend on 3 major objectives 1. Amount of work done 2. Consumption purpose 3. Individual skill

ECONOMIC SYSTEM

CAPITALISM SOCIALISM

Private ownership of means of production

Social ownership of means of production

Price mechanism Market mechanism

Exploitation of labor Abolition of exploitation of labor

Laissez faire economic system Collectivization economic system

Types of Socialism

• Utopian Socialism

• State Socialism

• Christian Socialism

• Anarchism

• Marxian Socialism

• Communism

• Revisionism

• Fabian Socialism

• Syndicalism

• Guild Socialism

Utopian Socialists

Utopian Socialism

• Popular 1700-1850

• Utopian socialists wanted a perfect world:

Equality of the sexes

Shared wealth Education for all Cooperative living and communal property Organized, pleasant towns No war or fighting

Major Utopian Socialists

• Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)

• Claude Henri de Saint-Simon (1760-1825)

• Charles Fourier (1772-1837)

• Robert Owen (1771-1858)

Karl Marx was influenced by the utopian socialists, but he was not one of them. He did not think they were very practical, and believed their envisioned worlds were impossible to achieve.

Sir Thomas More Claude Henri de Saint-Simon

Charles Fourier Robert Owen

Thomas More’s Utopia

Utopia was named for the Greek words ou-topos, meaning no place, and eu-topos, meaning good place.

In the book “New Latin Utopia” coined by Sir Thomas Moore, the title describes an island which is perfect. In addition it emphasized that everything was based on logic and reason. He also emphasized the perfect land’s religious toleration (except for atheists).

Thomas More’s Utopia

Utopian Alphabet

Saint-Simon’s Ideal World

Saint-Simon believed in all the standard features of a socialist utopia. In addition, he also thought a perfect world would:

• Be governed by scientists and artists

• Have free love

Saint-Simon’s friends and followers later invented a cult in which there was a he-pope and a she-pope.

Fourier had very specific plans for his utopia.

• Towns would have exactly 1,600 people

• Jobs would be rotated so all could be happy

• Men and women would be virtually the same

• Wanted order, logic, and balance in all things

• Phalanstere blueprints had three parts: Quiet center with libraries and studies Noise-making wing for kids and workers Wing to dance and meet with the public

Charles Fourier’s

Fourier’s Phalanstère

Fourier’s Phalanstère (In NJ)

Owen started out just trying to make the lives of the poor better in New Lanark, Scotland, where he ran a mill owned by his father-in-law.

New Lanark Improvements:

• Better housing

• Safer, more pleasant jobs

• Training and education for all

• Discounts in town stores

• Alcohol sale limits

Robert Owen

New Lanark, Scotland

New Lanark,

Scotland

In 1825, Owen tried to create a perfect community, called New Harmony, in the United States. It failed after just two years.

In New Harmony:

• 1,200 people shared one square building

• Children were raised by the community

• All decisions were made by the community

Robert Owen

New Harmony, Indiana

Conclusion