Social Factors Affecting Women's Susceptibility to HIV in India

8/12/2019 Social Factors Affecting Women's Susceptibility to HIV in India

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LNHE Rdraeob Vlpcr Pcrecs

Pd`eli Jl`tdrs Ljjc`teob Rdgcos

Pus`cpteheiety td MEZ eo Eonel

Vreyl Ilii

Od. >=3Kuoc 86

Lselo Ncvcidpgcot Hloa Eostetutc


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^mc Rdraeob Vlpcr screcs es l `doteoultedo dj tmc jdrgcriy olgcn Nesùssedo Vlpcr screcs1tmc oughcreob dj tmc plpcrs `doteoucn wetmdut eotcrruptedo dr `mlobc. LNHEs wdraeobplpcrs rcjic`t eoeteli encls do l tdpe` lon lrc pdstcn doieoc jdr nesùssedo. LNHE co`durlbcsrclncrs td pdst tmcer `dggcots do tmc gleo plbc jdr cl`m wdraeob plpcr (bevco eo tmc

ètltedo hcidw). Pdgc wdraeob plpcrs gly ncvcidp eotd dtmcr jdrgs dj puhie`ltedo.

Pubbcstcn etltedo;

Ilii, V. 86. Pdèli Jl`tdrs Ljjc`teob Rdgcos Pus`cpteheiety td MEZ eo Eonel. LNHE RdraeobVlpcr >=3. ^dayd; Lselo Ncvcidpgcot Hloa Eostetutc. Lvleilhic;mttp;//www.lnhe.drb/wdraeob-plpcr/86/6:/


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LNHE Rdraeob Vlpcr >=3 Ilii

Lhstrl`t

Eonel es tmc cpe`cotcr dj tmc MEZ/LENP cpencge` eo Lsel. Vrcvedus rcsclr`m eone`ltcs tmlt tmcglkdrety dj MEZ-pdsetevc wdgco eo Eonel wcrc eojc`tcn hy tmcer mushlons, tmcer doiy scxuliplrtocr, wme`m glacs tmcg nejjeùit encotejy ls l mebm-resa pdpuiltedo. ^mes plpcr sccas td

lsscss sdèli jl`tdrs lssdèltcn wetm tmc trlosgessedo dj MEZ hlscn do ncgdbrlpme`nctcrgeolots, su`m ls lbc1 scxuli hcmlvedr1 lon bconcrcn nes`regeoltedo, su`m ls ndgcste`vedico`c.

Xcsclr`m jdr tmes plpcr `dosests dj sc`donlry stlteste`li loliyses dj tmc Oltedoli JlgeiyMclitm Purvcy, wme`m `diic`tcn qulotetltevc nltl do ncgdbrlpme` lon sdèdc`dodge`nctcrgeolots jdr loliyses dj mclitm`lrc, ndgcste` lhusc, lon cgcrbeob mclitm essucs. Lsgdst plrteèplots wcrc tcstcn jdr MEZ ls plrt dj tmc survcy, et prdvencs rcbedoli cstegltcs djMEZ scrdstltus jdr tmc bcocrli pdpuiltedo eo Eonel.

Xcsuits jrdg tmc hevlreltc loliyscs eone`ltc tmlt jdr tmc jcglic plrteèplots, sdèdc`dodge`stltus mls lo lssdèltedo wetm scrdstltus, ls MEZ-pdsetevc wdgco wcrc seboeje`lotiy(p96.66), Meonu (DX78.03, @E7.3>), dr cgpidycn (DX73,@E76.5:8.


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@dotcots


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Jdiidweob Hlroctt lon Rmetcsencs (8668) gdnci, tmc ncpconcot vlrelhic uscn eo liihevlreltc lon guitevlreltc loliyscs es tmc scrdstltus dj tmc plrteèplot, wmeiceoncpconcot vlrelhics lrc rloacn l``drneob td tmcer nestlo`c jrdg resa lon stru`turli`dgpdocots. Jdr eostlo`c, vlrelhics nccgcn td hc rcjic`tevc dj c`dodge` lon pdiete`li`dotcxt lrc lssebocn td tmc gl`rdcoverdogcotli negcosedo dj sus`cpteheiety.

^mc gl`rdcoverdogcotli negcosedo dj sus`cpteheiety co`dgplsscs (e)sdèdncgdbrlpme` `mlrl`tcreste`s, eoìuneob lbc, rcbedo, lon lrcl dj rcsenco`c1 (ee)sdèdc`dodge` stltus, `dgpreseob icvci dj cnu`ltedo, wclitm, lon d`ùpltedo1 lon (eee)sdèli stltus, eoìuneob rciebedo, `lstc encotety, lon glretli stltus. ^lhic < nespilys mdweoncpconcot vlrelhics wcrc liidttcn td gclsurc Hlroctt lon Rmetcsencs (8668) gdncidj sus`cpteheiety, wme`m es gdnejecn jdr tmc purpdscs dj tmes plpcr.


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gclsureob eotcr-rciltedosmep nyolge`s, lon mestdry dj ndgcste` lon scxuli vedico`c djjcglic rcspdoncots1 (ee) bcdbrlpme`li gdheiety, wme`m eoìuncs vlrelhics lsscsseobjcglic plrteèplots prcvedus typc dj rcsenco`c, mdw gloy yclrs tmcy mln hcco ieveob eotmcer ùrrcot mduscmdin, lon glic rcspdoncots plttcros dj gebrltedo1 lon (eee) lttetuncstd MEZ, wme`m eo`drpdrltc gclsurcgcots dj plrteèplots aodwicnbc dj rdutcs djtrlosgessedo. Gclsurcgcots dj rcspdoncots lwlrcocss dj MEZ eoìunc tmceruoncrstloneob dj gctmdns td prcvcot scxuli trlosgessedo, 8 tmcer aodwicnbc djtrcltgcot rcquercn jdr MEZ,0lon ges`do`cptedos mcin rcblrneob tmc eiiocss.>

Jeoliiy, hcmlvedrli nctcrgeolots wcrc eovcstebltcn. ^mc OJMP-EEE eoìuncn gclsurcs djscxuli hcmlvedr, wme`m rc`drncn rcspdoncots rc`cot lon iejctegc mestdry dj scxulihcmlvedr. ^mcsc vlrelhics ndùgcot tmc oughcr dj iejctegc scxuli plrtocrs, rc`cotscxuli l`tevety, lon eojdrgltedo do scxuli plrtocrs nureob tmc . Eo `dotrlst, tmc lbc nestrehutedo dj MEZ-ocbltevcwdgco wls mclveiy sacwcn tdwlrn tmc yduobcst lbc brdups. Jeburc < eiiustrltcs tmc

nestrehutedo dj lbcs hy MEZ stltus jdr wdgco.:

8Vlrteèplots eo tmc OJMP-EEE wmd mln mclrn dj MEZ/LENP wcrc lsacn ej et wls pdssehic td prcvcot

trlosgessedo dj MEZ hy lhstleoeob jrdg scxuli eotcr`dursc, hceob jletmjui td docs plrtocr, lon hy useob`dondgs. ^mcsc rcspdoncots wcrc lisd lsacn td iest dtmcr wlys td lvden MEZ.

0Vlrteèplots wcrc lsacn ej tmcy aocw tmlt MEZ `duin hc vcrte`liiy trlosgettcn jrdg gdtmcr td `mein nureob

lon ljtcr hertm, wmctmcr tmes `duin hc prcvcotcn tmrdubm nrubs bevco td tmc gdtmcr, lon wmctmcr tmcymln mclrn dj spcèli loterctrdverli nrubs td prdidob tmc iejc dj lo MEZ-eojc`tcn pltecot.

>Vlrteèplots eo tmc OJMP-EEE wcrc lsacn wmctmcr tmcy hciecvcn tmlt l mclitmy iddaeob pcrsdo `duin mlvc

MEZ lon wmctmcr et `duin hc trlosgettcn tmrdubm mubbeob dtmcrs, gdsquetd hetcs, dr smlreob jddn wetmMEZ-pdsetevc eonevenulis.

3Xcspdoncots wcrc lsacn td encotejy tmcer rciltedosmep wetm tmcer prcvedus scxuli plrtocr, nurltedo dj tmcer

rciltedosmep, lon usc dj `dondgs nureob tmc tegc.:Cxplosedo wcebmts wcrc prdvencn wetm tmc OJMP-EEE nltlsct eo drncr td `rcltc cstegltcs dj tmc sezc dj tmc

MEZ-eojc`tcn pdpuiltedo lt l oltedoli lon stltc icvci eo Eonel. ^mes eo`rclscn tmc sezc dj tmc slgpic tdsu`m lo cxtcot tmlt gdst hevlreltc loliyscs wduin mlvc mln stlteste`liiy seboeje`lot rcsuits. ^mcsc

3


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Jeburc


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Jeoliiy, tmc ìustcrcn olturc dj MEZ prcvlico`c eo Eonel wls jurtmcr eovcstebltcn hypcrjdrgeob l `me-squlrcn tcst do MEZ stltus lon rcbedo dj rcsenco`c jdr tmc jcglicplrteèplots. mcrc wls l mebmiy seboeje`lot (p96.66%), lon sdutm(6.3%) dj Eonel. Gdrcdvcr, tmc huia dj jcglic MEZ-pdsetevc plrteèplots wcrc ieveob eosdutmcro stltcs (30%). ^lhic 0 nespilys jcglic plrteèplots scrdstltus l``drneob tdtmc rcbedo dj Eonel tmcy ievc eo.

^lhic 0; Pcrdstltus lon MEZ Vrcvlico`c dj Jcglic Vlrteèplots hy Xcbedo djEonel

(wcebmtcn)

Xcbedo

Pcrdstltus dj Jcglic Vlrteèplots

MEZ ocbltevc(%)

MEZ pdsetevc(%)

Vrcvlico`c Oughcr

Eonel ^dtli 6.88 38,=3>

Odrtm


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Jeburc 8; Jcglic Vlrteèplot Pcrdstltus L``drneob td Icvci dj Rclitm

(wcebmtcn, % dj plrteèplots)

Pdur`c; EEVP lon Gl`rd Eotcroltedoli 8662.

^mcsc rcsuits `duin hc eone`ltevc dj wencr sdèli nyolge`s rciltcn td tmc trlkc`tdry djtmc MEZ cpencge` eo Eonel. Eo tmc clriy pmlscs dj tmc MEZ cpencge` eo suh-PlmlrloLjre`l, scrdprcvlico`c wls mebm lgdob wdgco jrdg hcttcr-djj hlàbrduons ([ecbicr ctli.


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tmcrc wls l prdhlheiety tmlt `crtleo typcs dj resa hcmlvedrs `duin hc id`ltcn wetmeo lsglii bcdbrlpme`li lrcl, wme`m wduin rcsuit eo pd`acts dr muhs dj MEZ prcvlico`c.

^mc dhkc`tevc dj tmc guitevlreltc loliyses wls td encotejy seboeje`lotgl`rdcoverdogcotli prcne`tdrs dj MEZ stltus wetmeo tmc jcglic slgpic, `dotrdiieob jdr

tmc cjjc`t dj `dojduoneob jl`tdrs. ^mc jerst jdr`cn gdnci (Ptcp


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^lhic 5; Gl`rdcoverdogcotli Vrcne`tdrs dj MEZ Ptltus lgdob JcglicVlrte`eplots eo tmc OJMP-EEE

(wcebmtcn)

Ptcp < Ptcp 8 Ptcp 0

Eotcr`cpt ***6.66 ***6.66 ***6.66

Pd`edncgdbrlpme` `mlrl`tcreste`s

Lbc


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nespilycn mebmcr dnns dj hceob MEZ pdsetevc eo `dgplresdo td tmcer `duotcrplrts. ^mcscjeoneobs subbcst tmlt l idw icvci dj cnu`ltedo `duin l`t ls l `dotrehuteob resa jl`tdr, lsrcspdoncots gly mlvc iettic dr od lwlrcocss dj MEZ (Xlmhlr ct li. 86621 Pmrdtre ct li.86601 Alilslblr ct li. 866:) wetm ocbltevc cjjc`ts do tmcer scxuli resa hcmlvedr (Jertm ctli. 86.6


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lon scxuli vedico`c.


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`duotcrplrts, RIML wcrc seboeje`lotiy (p96.63) gdrc ieaciy td lbrcc tmlt et wls kustejecnjdr l wejc td hc hcltco ej smc ocbic`tcn mcr `meinrco (3


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Jeoliiy, MEZ-pdsetevc jcglic plrte`eplots wcrc seboeje`lotiy (p96.66


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iegeteob scxuli plrtocrs (20%), lhstleoeob jrdg scxuli eotcr`dursc (::%), lon `dondgusc (:6%) wcrc pdssehic gclos dj lvdeneob MEZ eojc`tedo.%).,853


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^lhic


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^mc sc`don gdnci (Ptcp 8) eo`drpdrltcn gclsurcgcots dj jcglic rcspdoncotslttetuncs td MEZ. Gclsurcgcots dj aodwicnbc dj rdutcs dj trlosgessedo longes`do`cptedos lhdut MEZ wcrc odt eoìuncn eo tmes gdnci ls et wls jduon tmlt tmcrcwls l ncbrcc dj guite`diieoclrety hctwcco tmcsc vlrelhics. ^mes gclot tmlt et wlsnejjeùit td bcocrltc rcielhic rcsuits wmco lii tmcsc gclsurcgcots dj lttetuncs td MEZwcrc eoìuncn eo tmc gdnci. @doscqucotiy, doiy doc vlrelhic gclsureob plrteèplotslwlrcocss dj tmc cxestco`c dj MEZ wls eoìuncn eo tmc sc`don gdnci. ^mes vlrelhicwls `mdsco hc`lusc et es nejjeùit jdr lo eonevenuli td aodw mdw MEZ es trlosgettcnuoicss tmcy aodw dj ets cxestco`c. ^lhic


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glrrelbc. Eo sdutmcro lrcls dj Eonel et es jleriy `dggdo jdr Meonu lon Gusieg wdgco tdglrry `duseos hcidobeob td tmc slgc `dgguoety, gcloeob tmlt tmcy lrc rlrciycxpc`tcn td gdvc jlr jrdg tmc lrcl wmcrc tmcy wcrc hdro (Hlsu


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^lhic


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jdiidweob sc`tedo weii jurtmcr eovcstebltc tmc nyolge`s dj MEZ trlosgessedo tmrdubmguitevlreltc loliyses dj tmc hcmlvedrli prcne`tdrs.

3.8 Guitevlreltc Loliyses dj Hcmlvedrli Vrcne`tdrs dj MEZ Ptltus

^mc dhkc`tevc dj tmc guitevlreltc loliyses es td encotejy seboeje`lot eonevenuli-icvcivlrelhics tmlt lrc lssdèltcn wetm MEZ stltus wetmeo tmc jcglic slgpic, `dotrdiieob jdrtmc cjjc`t dj dtmcr vlrelhics. Ls tmcrcwcrc jcw vlrelhics td loliyzc, l twd-stcp jdr`cnidbeste`li rcbrcssedo gdnci wls uscn.80^mc jerst jdr`cn gdnci tcstcn wmco plrteèplotsrcpdrtcn tmcer scxuli nchut lon tmes gdnci yecincn od seboeje`lot rcsuits. Jeoneobs eo tmcsc`don stcp dj tmc gdnci wcrc `dotrlne`tdry lon uocxpc`tcn. Do tmc doc mlon, jcglicplrteèplots wmd rcpdrtcn mlveob rc`cotiy mln scx cxpcreco`cn idwcr dnns dj hceob MEZpdsetevc (DX9


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rciebedo, lon glretli stltus. Lii vlrelhics tcstcn, lplrt jrdg wclitm, mln l seboeje`lot(p96.63) lssdèltedo wetm jcglic rcspdoncots MEZ stltus. Jcglic plrteèplots wmdievcn eo urhlo lrcls (DX7.6:, @E78.3=:.0=) nespilycn eo`rclscn dnns dj hceobscrdpdsetevc eo `dgplresdo wetm tmcer `duotcrplrts.

^mc sc`don jdr`cn gdnci (Ptcp 8) tcstcn vlrelhics tmlt gclsurcn ge`rd-sdèliprcne`tdrs dj MEZ trlosgessedo, wme`m eoìuncn rcspdoncots lttetuncs td ndgcste`vedico`c lon tmcer lwlrcocss dj tmc cxestco`c dj MEZ. Gdst vlrelhics eo`drpdrltcn eotdtmc prcvedus gdnci rctleocn tmcer seboeje`lo`c, eone`lteob tmlt tmc gl`rdcoverdogcotli`dgpdocot dj sus`cpteheiety mls lo lheiety td prcne`t tmc MEZ stltus dj jcglicplrteèplots. Jdr eostlo`c, jdrgcriy glrrecn plrteèplots wcrc 3.: tegcs gdrc ieaciy tdhc scrdpdsetevc tmlo tmdsc wmd mln cetmcr ocvcr hcco dr wcrc ùrrcotiy glrrecn(DX7:.63, @E70.525.8


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^lhic 86; @drrciltcs dj Lii Vrcne`tdrs dj MEZ ^rlosgessedo(wcebmtcn)

Ptcp < Ptcp 8 Ptcp 0

Eotcr`cpt ***6.66 ***6.66 ***6.66

Gl`rdcoverdogcotli prcne`tdrs

Lrcl dj rcsenco`c (rurli)

Srhlo *(6.508.88) 8(6.588..6: (8.3=:.0=) ***0.03(8.


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sd`eli smd`as (Lblrwli


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ncvcidpgcot. Jdr eostlo`c, Ndmcrty (86


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oughcr dj jcglic scrdpdsetevc rcspdoncots gclot tmlt et wls nejje`uit td `donu`t mebmiy`dgpicx stlteste`li loliyscs tmlt wduin prdnu`c seboeje`lot dr gcloeobjui rcsuits, su`mls stru`turli cqultedo gdncieob. Mdwcvcr, et wls pdssehic td usc dtmcr icss `dgpicxjdrgs dj gdncieob td eiiustrltc `drrciltedos hctwcco guitepic vlrelhics.

06


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Ndmcrty, E., 86


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Aeob, X., K. Iejsmly, P. Olalyewl, N. Altuotu, V. Ieonavest, lon X. Huoocii. 8665. ^mcZerus Ptdps wetm Gc; MEZ-Eojc`tcn Sblonlos Gdtevltedos eo Vrcvcoteob MEZ^rlosgessedo. Pdèli Pèco`c lon Gcneèoc:=(>); 2>5232.

Aeruobl, @., lon K. Otdze.


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Disco, R., lon P. Gcmtl. 866:. Jcglic Ilhdur Vlrte`epltedo eo Xurli lon Srhlo Eonel;Ndcs Mduscwevcs Rdra @duot4 Xlne`li Ptlteste`s 50; 32.

Vloncy, L., ct li. 8665. Egprdvcn Cstegltcs dj Eonels MEZ Hurnco eo 866:. ^mc EoneloKduroli dj Gcne`li Xcsclr`m


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Pmrdtre, L., ct li. 8660. Lwlrcocss dj MEZ/LENP lon Mduscmdin Coverdogcot djVrcbolot Rdgco eo Vuoc, Eonel. Eotcroltedoli Kduroli dj P^N lon LENP(


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LVVCONE]

^lhic L.0 80 0>Jdr sdgcdoc cisc 5,>=2 >8 0: 30Pcij-cgpidycn 0,083


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^lhic L.2; Jcglic Vlrte`eplots Aodwicnbc dj tmc LH@ Gctmdn dj MEZVrcvcotedo, hy Pcrdstltus

(wcebmtcn)

Aodwicnbc dj LH@ Gctmdn dj MEZVrcvcotedo


MEZ ocbltevc MEZ pdsetevc

@duot % @duot %

Lhsteoco`c

Ucs 8


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^lhic L.=; Jcglic Vlrte`eplots Pcrdstltus lon Aodwicnbc dj Rlys tdLvden MEZ(wcebmtcn)

Rlys td Lvden MEZ,Ppdotlocdusiy ^din hy

Vlrte`eplot


MEZ ocbltevc MEZ pdsetevc

% wetmeo hiddn tcstrcsuit

^dtlioughcr

% wetmeo hiddn tcstrcsuit

^dtlioughcr

Lhsteoco`c 5 08,:


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^lhic L.5

Odt l`tevc eo ilst > wccas, pdstplrtug lhsteoco`c 85 0 > 0

Odt l`tevc eo ilst > wccas, odt pdstplrtuglhsteoco`c

3

^dtli 38,:52

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Social Factors Affecting Women's Susceptibility to HIV in India