Soalan 2nd Week

8/3/2019 Soalan 2nd Week

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Weekly Questions

Week: 2

Cycle of Infection 1

1. All of the following are mechanisms of disease production excepta. invasivenessb. toxicity

c. allergy

d. virulence

2. Case fatality rate is measured based on:a. infectibility

b. virulence

c. antigenic power

d. viability of organism

3. Higher dose of infection will increasea. resistance of bacteria

b. sensitivity to antibiotic

c. severity of disease

d. capacity of invasiveness

4. What is 2nd most common reservoir of infection?a. man

b. soil

c. plant

d. animal

5. All of these are reasons why carriers are dangerous excepta. not always possible to deal with

b. difficult to discover

c. do not show clinical manifestation

d. short duration of carriage in some communicable disease

6. Three consecutive bacteriological examinations need to be carried out before release of casesin

a. convalescent carrier

b. chronic carrierc. permanent carrier

d. incubatory carrier

7. Staphylococcal infection occurs ina. skin carrier

b. upper respiratory tract carrier

c. transient carrier

d. contact carrier


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Medical Entomology

8. The anthropod classified as Crustecea isa. ticks

b. copepode

c. flies

d. scorpions

9. Mites may have the following characteristics except:a. Small in size

b. Poorly developed mouth parts

c. Thin and membranous cuticle

d. Thick and leathery cuticle

10.Ticks have the following characteristics except:a. Body hairs are absent

b. Undergo complete metamorphosis

c. Included in the class Acarina

d. Thick and leathery cuticle

11.Development of microfilaria within Culex mosquito is an example ofa. Cyclodevelopmental transmission

b. Cyclopropagative transmission

c. Propagative transmission

d. None of the above

12.The thorax of the athropods of the class Insectaa. 4 pairs of legs

b. Have one pair of wings

c. Consist of segments

d. Have segments modified into sexual organs


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Protein Synthesis Inhibitor

13.Absorption of tetracycline is impaired by multivalent cations which are the following except:a.

Ca 2+ present in dairy products

b. Iron containing preparationc. Mg 2+ and Al 3+ containing antacidsd. Na 2+ containing preparation

14.These are the clinical uses of erythromycin except:a. Drug of choice in corynebacterial infectionsb. Treatment of serious rickettsial infectionsc. In Chlamydia infectiond. Treatment of community acquired pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma

15.The auditory division is mostly affected by these drugs of aminoglycosides except:a. Clarithromycinb. Neomycinc. Kanamycind. Amikacin

16.Which of the following describe clindamycin?a. Ineffective against gramve aerobes so combined with an aminoglycosideb. Unstable in acid medium therefore it is administered by oralc. Does not affect liver microsomal enzymesd. Effective against resistant strains to other macrolides

17.All the following are the examples of protein synthesis inhibitor which bind to 50s ribosomeexcept:

a. Macrolides

b .Clindamycin

c. Tetracyclines

d. Chloramphenicol


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BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS

18. The bacteria acquired resistance by spontaneous mutation that control their susceptibility toa given drugs. This will result ina. mutation of the gene in the plasmidb. gene exchangec. change in structural receptor for a drugd. formation of cell envelope

19. Which of the following regarding R factors is INCORRECT?a. carry the genes that code for acetyltransferaseb. its product inhibit active transpot of tetracyclinec. a class of plasmidsd. cause changes in structural receptor of the bacteria

20. Below are the mechanisms of drug resistance. Choose the correct answers.I.formation of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

II.change in the permeability for the drugIII.displacement of the some drugs from their protein binding siteIV.ability of bacteria to utilize preformed folic acid

a. I,II,III c. I,III,IVb. II,III,IV d. I,II,IV

21. Which of the following is true regarding cross resistance?a.

known as drug toleranceb. microorganism resistant to certain drug may also resistant to other drugs that similarphysical characteristics

c. both drugs mainly not closely related chemicallyd. patients with history of anaphylaxis to cephalosporins, the use of penicillin should be

minimized

22. Which of the following regarding genetic origin resistance is correct?a. occurs within fequency of 10-8 -10-12b. it is frequently to happenc. result in change structural receptor for a drugd. developed as result of spontaneous mutation

23. Which of the following may be the cause of the metabolically inactive bacteria to beresistant?

a. due to absence of target structureb. presence of permeability on its cell envelopec. less energy is consumed for their activityd. antibiotics only act on actively dividing bacteria


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FLUOROQUINOLONES AND SULPHONAMIDE

24.All are 2nd

group agent of fluoroquinolones excepta. Ofloxacinb. Ciprofloxacinc. Gatifloxacind. Levofloxacin

25.All fluoroquinolone drugs are effective against resistant intra-abdominal and respiratory tractinfection except

a. Norfloxacineb. Trovafloxacinc. Ciprofloxacind.

Gatifloxacine

26.One of the adverse effect of fluoroquinolone drugs area. Bone marrow depressionb. Steven's Johnson syndromec. Ototoxicityd. Tendon damage and rupture

27.What are the first choice drugs to be used in the treatment of typhoid and parathyphoid ?a. Co-trimoxazoleb. Chloramphenicolc.

Erythromycind. Ciprofloxacin

28.Co-trimoxazole is combination ofa. Ampicillin and sulbactamb. Trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazolec. Erythromycin and chloramphenicold. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid


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SCABEIS

29.

The following are characteristics symptom produce by which organism:

a. allergenic mite in house dust

b. scorpion

c. sarcoptes scabie

d. ixodoidea

30. What is the difference in mode of transmission between disease transmitted by hard and softtick?

a. bite

b. coxal fluid

c. crushing

d. faeces

31. The following are disease transmitted by hard tick:

I endemic relapsing fever

II spirochaetal infection

III Rocky mountain spotted fever

IV Persian type of relapsing fever

a. I &II only

b. II & III only

c. II, III & IV only

d. all of the above

32. The following are usual site for mites to live in the skin EXCEPT :

a. shoulder

b. elbows

c. flexor aspect of arm

d. behind ear

33. Which of the following is the FALSE treatment for sarcoptes scabie?

a. infested part should be scrubbed thoroughly by soap and warm water using hard brush (lifa)

b. the site are rubbed with acaricidal lotion

c. treatment is repeated with 3 succesive days

d. the patients clothes and bed sheet should be sterilized by boiling

Nocturnal itching Intense irritation at night Secondary bacterial infection and

pustule formation may occur


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INSECTS AS DISEASE TRANSMITTER

34. Infection can only be done by crushing the louse.

This is disease transmitted by .. named .a. lice, rickesttsial disease

b. lice, epidemic relapsing fever

c. sarcoptes scabie, scabies

d. fleas, plague

35. Tunga penetrans is a type of flea that act as a causative agent. These are all the

manifestation from this insect EXCEPT

a. ulceration

b. gangrene

c. abscess formation

d. dermatitis

36. Choose the right statements

a. apply gammaxane powder to kill bed bugs

b. Flea dermatitis can be treated by surgical removal

c. larvae of filarial worm enter human body by mosquitoes bite

d. plague is essentially a disease of rodents

37. An efficient malaria vector fulfilled these requirements EXCEPT

a. they must be fully susceptible to infection by gametocyte

b. they must feed frequently on human blood

c. their life span must exceed the complete development period of parasite in the

vector itself

d. the parasite must be produced in adequate numbers to maintain transmission

38. If a person was infected by head lice and need a rapid knocking effect over the lice, which

action should the person take?

a. shave the pubic or axillary hair

b. boil the underwear

c. use a synthetic pyrethroid [Licid]

d. apply Malathion [ quick] on infected area


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GENERAL FEATURES OF VIRUSES

39. Which of the following is a FALSE statement for viruses?

a. size of viruses range from 20-400 nmb. virus can be divided according to its sizec. viruses could affect human onlyd. the virion is the complete infectious viral particle

40. The virion is composed of :

a. genomeb. capsidc.

enveloped. all of above

41. Which of the following is type of symmetry exist in viruses?

a. spherical symmetryb. helical symmetryc. filamentous symmetryd. simple symmetry

42. What is the example of complex symmetry ?

a. pox virusesb. rhabdovirusesc. herpes virusd. adeno viruses

43. Which of the following are TRUE about defective viruses?

i. defective virus doesnt require helper activity from another virus genome for some step inreplication and maturation

ii. Adeno associated virus (AAV) is one of the example of defective virusiii. A defective virus is one that lacks one or more functional genes required for viral replicationiv. Delta agent (Hepatitis D virus) replicates only in presence pf co-infecting hepatitis B

virus

a. i and iib. ii and iiic. ii, iii and ivd. i, ii, iii, and iv

44. Viruses are stable at :

a. -70oCb. 100oCc. 0oCd. 70oC


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45. Families X species strains

All the following are false about X, EXCEPT

a. Viruses are separated into major groups called Xb. X is classify based on the nucleic acid genome and the morphology of the virusc. The suffix of X is -virinaed. X is classification of viruses based on physiochemical or serological properties.

MEDICAL IMPORTANCE OF ARACHNIDA

46. All of following are false about effect of venom injected by scorpion EXCEPT

a. abdominal muscle dilatation or convulsion is possible clinical manifestationb. glossopharyngeal nerve involvement cause a lot of sweating, excess salivation, difficulty

of speech and swallowing with vomiting

c. slow intense aching pain with burning sensation radiating from the site of the stingd. systemic symptoms especially of finger, toes, tip of the nose and cheek

47. What is NOT general treatment for scorpion sting?

a. suitable topical or parenteral analgesicb. injection of antiveninc. general supportive treatmentd. maintenance of airway

48. Diseases transmitted by soft tick are

I. Spirochaetal infectionII. Bacterial diseasesIII. Viral diseasesIV. Rickettsial diseasesa. I and IIb. I and IVc. II and IVd. III and IV

49. All of following are incorrect about diseases transmitted by hard and soft tick EXCEPT

a. Babesia organisms can cause aplastic anaemia in splenectomized individualsb. Russian- Spring Summer Encephalitis, Undulant Fever and Western Encephalomyelitis

are main viral diseases transmitted by hard tick

c. Relapsing Fever causing organisms may either enter the puncture wound or penetratethe intact skin

d. there is also transovarial transmission in Brucellosis


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50. All of following is true about hard ticks as causative agents of diseases EXCEPT

a. dermatosis can occur by detached mouth parts that remain in the tissuesb. the one of syndromes of tick paralysis is dysphagiac. anaemia occurring in heavy infestationd. tick paralysis caused by nephrotoxin in salivary secretions

CYCLE OF INFECTION (II)

51.

Ahmad had flu and he wore mask all the time in order to prevent spreading of

infection. Kevin, his neighbor come to visit him in the house. During the visit,

Kevin kept coughing all the time and didnt mind of covering them. A week

later, Ahmad has fully recovered from the flu. He started cleaning the house,

since he cant afford to do so when he had the flu. When he was sweeping thefloor, Ravin, a friend of Kevin, came and told him that Kevin being admitted to

hospital due to TB. Two weeks after that, Ahmad experiences a very bad

coughing. When he saw the doctor, he is positive of having TB.

So, how this disease is being transmitted?

a. Direct contact transmissionb. Droplet transmissionc. Air born transmissiond. Indirect contact transmission

52.

Incubation period:

The time interval between exposure to an infectious agents and appearance of

the first sign or symptom of the disease.

The length of incubation period depends on the following factors EXCEPT

a. Toxin causes delayed incubation periodb. High virulence of the organism, shorten the incubation periodc. The bigger the size of the inoculums, the shorter the incubation periodd. Immune compromised person will have shorter incubation period


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53.

This is the first year for Raziq in Alexandria. As the winter getting closer, he starts

to experience cold and influenza. Alhamdulillah, after a week, he recovered

completely. After a year, he still gets the cold and influenza when winter begins.

Based on the statement, what is the most possible reason that his immunity could not protecthim against the influenza?

a. He had his immunity suppressed by chronic disease such as cancer or diabetesb. The immunity build is for a short period of timec. He went to Matrouh and swam at Agabi beach at the beginning of winterd. He administered some drugs or medications that destroy his antibodies towards

influenza

54.

Herd immunity is the state of immunity within the community.

All the following factors influence herd immunity EXCEPT

a. Past experience with different infectionsb. The extent of coverage of the immunization programc. Constitution of a country that protect certain people under certain immunityd. Overcrowding and environmental sanitation

55. All the following are the ideal immunizing agent characteristics EXCEPT

a. Antigenically unstableb. Have minimal side effectc. Give durable immunityd. Easy in administration

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Soalan 2nd Week