Prof. Melanson 7627 Old Receiver Road South astern tarn Bnivoosity Frederick, ed. 21701 North Dartmouth, EA 02747 9/2)/83 Dear Frofemor eolaneon,

Paul each lino Bent no e copy of your Nation 3/26/83 aetiolo on the CIA and local ?alioo. A aource I may not diaeloso, who wan in a local police force that eof CIA training, told mn that the Zaprodor film wan used in it. Ito woule not tell oo how.

Severn' thingo of which you wrote interest me. One is tho amAgneont of a CIA liaison to "ontgonery County, Md. The other io the rocordn on Bud and his CTIA, because I am in th000 rocorde.

I lived in and did all my oarly work in Montgpoery County, near Hyattstown, at its upeer end. For a number of reasons I'd-be interested in any eonteonery County infornation you may have.

Whim boo feet cooiel of hie ecordn from tho CIA he let Ma have coefeen of thae. When I got the GIA'R moordo on On - nod they ore Inceeploto - it did diac1000 0110 or two of the vocordo it had already tiocl000d to fact but it oblitolootee evorythioe on then except oy name.

In foot 1 Lever had saw comectioa with the CTIA and specifically, sas never its investigator, which elmee records stato.

I mold the phonon of reverel of the Waohinetonions who Wore under DG police ourvoillencove incleoline oloctronic. So, I'd be quito intoreetod in any records pertednine to to aseociatIons viflt tha CIA. Of CGUSUO I also etoitod then o:ten and wan uneoubtoOly cbo eyed h: infomeneos

4y aotureo who'd had CIA training had nothiao to do with r000rd keeping. Ho was a detective aseiemod. to criminal invootigations - and a rather unscrupulous one st that.

Paul also sent me jortothen ateeshollio novas on political inportanoe of_ seoret societton, if you hove It. On pp.11 ff ho refers to tho late henna Kieeey an CIA chief of research and analysis under Dulles. From what i brow of Kimiiey's life and career I very much doubt thin. had no bee:group:1 for it et all etel Iron Ler knoololge of R & A going back to 066 ha ono anythine but the typo for that job. They se-nt in for hoavily-acorodited acholare B111 Lhoger. licarovor, if you have anything pertinent, I am interested in 21neloy largely boom:3o of the ecDonald fakery, of which I know much Going hack tertho tiro erirlio veraiona. I was quite surprised that Len Davidov, whom name was thinly disouiwed in all butatho final vorson of Appeintment in Dallas, would lend hieurtarto such a project bocanoe of his and his family's close relatiorethip withhineee. After the CIA fired Kierfey he actually live in Davidox's offices, which then worn in an old aparbtont houao in Waabinerteni the Chasloton. Be worked for Davidov's Security azoociatea, aotootieua ad a guard. If you recognize the woe, Security Amociatos, or a tpoup by dint ruse that may not be identical, was part of a woll-eublicisee fiction of .urt before the appearance of McDonald's book in which it claimed to have oolvoe th4 mousaimation for a client. Maechall is correct on Kinsoyle interne) iotoreat in the Commove. He is wrong on McDonald's coauthor (p. 14), who was not Robin {ooze. M. may have been tlerline of Jack Youngblood. McD. used Geoffrey Bocca. I met b, McD, his agent and him publIehor, who is a scoundrel. Alm Davidov and his wife and a lade friend of Kieseysa. Once when Davidov took this lady, his and my wife and ee to dinner, I suspect trying to learn what 1 lazew of McD's fakery, he told mo that he was a vico prenidvnt in chargo of security fer the larger corpoention that owns the Veople'a Drug chain, an I recall it wan nomad Oak. McDonald in the wont accompliohod con nen I've over net and a red rascal.

Thanks and beat winhoa, orold eeisbere

Jon

athan

Marsh

all O

lIC/

Brie

f No

tes

on

th

e P

olitic

al Im

po

rtan

ce

of S

ec

ret S

oc

ietie

s

Mo

st W

este

rn p

olitic

al s

cie

ntis

ts, fo

llow

ing in

the tra

ditio

ns o

f Mars

or W

eber,

■co

rn th

e s

tud

y o

f secre

t an

d o

ccu

lt so

cie

ties a

s irre

levan

t to

un

de

rsc

en

din

g th

e p

olitic

s o

f the

ag

e. In

the

ir vie

w, p

olitic

■ ra

n b

eat b

e

un

dera

too

d a

s th

e w

ork

ing ou

t, in th

e p

ub

lic a

ren

a,

of b

ure

au

cra

tic, in

tere

st

grou

p, o

r cla

ss

■ irug

gle

e. T

he

stu

dy

of s

ec

ret a

oc

ierie

s 's

ma

ck

" ins

tea

d o

f

pu

rsu

ing

dis

cre

dite

d "c

on

sp

iracy" th

eo

ries o

f his

tory

. In p

art, th

is a

ttitud

e

■teem

from

a g

en

era

l ign

ora

nce

of th

e e

xis

ten

ce a

nd

po

wer o

f su

ch

gro

up

s. B

ut

the

y

do

ex

ist; "m

od

ern

izatio

n" h

as

no

t ma

de

the

m • th

ing

of th

e p

as

t. Th

eir

imp

orta

nc

e d

eriv

es

bo

th fro

m th

e q

uality

■n

d in

flue

nc

e o

f the

Ise

nb

erg

as

in-

div

idu

als

an

d, e

qu

ally

imp

orta

nt, fro

m th

e tig

ht b

on

ds

tha

t un

ite th

e m

em

be

rs

into

■

co

hesiv

e o

rgan

izatio

n. T

hese b

on

ds

■re fo

rme

d b

y th

e ritu

als

, Initia

tion

tigh

ts, a

nd

occ

ult id

eo

log

ies th

at m

ak

e s

uc

h s

oc

ietie

s m

ore

exclu

siv

e a

nd

co

mm

itted

than

so

cia

l clu

b■

or p

olitic

al p

artie

s. F

or th

at re

aso

n, s

ecre

t

so

cie

ties c

an

wie

ld a

n in

fluen

ce fa

r beyo

nd

wh

at th

eir lim

ited

mem

bers

hip

migh

t

su

gg

est. W

hat fo

llow

s, in

reb

utta

l to th

e c

on

ven

tion

al w

iad

om

, is a

brie

f

overview

o

f th

e ro

le p

layed

by a

han

dfu

l of s

ecre

t an

d s

em

i-secre

t so

cie

ties in

facer

majo

r Weste

rn c

ou

ntrie

s:

Sp

ain

, Pra

nce. Ita

ly, a

nd

the

Unite

d S

tate

s.

-3-

Sp

ain

- Fo

un

ded

in I9

28 b

y th

e la

wyer-tu

rned

-prie

st J

ose M

aria

tacit,. d

e

Ba

lag

ue

r, the

Sa

ce

rdo

tal S

oc

iety

of th

e H

oly

Cra

m a

nd

Op

us

De

l ha

s b

ec

om

e o

ne

of th

e m

os

t po

we

rful,

■nd

po

litically

co

mm

itted

, of C

ath

olic

lay so

cie

ties.

Opus

De

l brin

gs to

ge

the

r faith

ful C

ath

olic

s--b

us

ine

ss

me

n, fin

an

cie

rs, m

ilitary

offic

ers

, an

d go

vern

men

t offic

ials

—w

ho

seek s

an

ctity

In th

e e

get-c

lime o

f their

pro

fessio

n': in

pra

ctic

e, it p

rom

ote

s th

e te

ch

no

cra

tic, a

uth

orita

rian

org

an

-

/

fixa

tion

of s

oc

iety

rem

inis

cen

t o

f th

e/V

ich

y p

erio

d in

Fra

nc

e. In

19

50

, Op

us

Del id

eo

log

ist R

afael Calv

o S

ere

r celle

d o

r gan

ized

Cath

olic

ism

'a p

ote

ntia

l

forc

e s

uch

as L

ithe V

atic

an

/ has n

ot h

ad

sin

ce th

e C

ou

ncil o

f Tre

nt." A

s fo

r Sp

ain

,

sh

e "m

us

t thro

w h

ers

elf in

to th

e c

on

stru

ctio

n o

f inte

rna

tion

al a

ctio

n th

at w

ill

pre

pare

the fu

ture

: the In

tern

acio

nal

of

Elite

s" to

ch

alle

ng

e In

tern

atio

na

l

Co

mm

un

ism

an

d th

e In

tern

atio

nal o

f the D

olla

r.

Op

us

De

i wa

s s

low

to g

ain

rec

ogn

ition

an

d p

ow

er. In

Sp

ain

it rec

eiv

ed

offic

ial re

co

gn

ition

from

the

Bis

ho

p o

f Ma

drid

on

ly in

19

61

; the

Va

tica

n

accep

ted

it as a

mscu

lavrd

er in

1950. T

here

afte

r its in

fluen

ce s

pre

ad

rap

idly

.

partic

ula

rly d

urin

g th

e la

te F

ran

co

perio

d. B

y th

e a

nd

of th

e 1

960s, th

e

"thre

e L

op

ez'■"—

Lo

pez B

od

o, F

ran

co

's M

inis

ter o

f Eco

no

mic

Pla

nn

ing

, Lo

pez B

ravo

,

Min

iste

r o

f in

du

stry

an

d la

ter F

ore

ign

Min

iste

r, an

d L

op

ez L

eto

na, M

inis

ter

of

Co

mere

e,a

ed

late

r of F

inan

ce—

all b

elo

ng

ed

to D

pu

s D

ei. In

1969 a

tota

l of 1

11

govern

men

t min

iste

rs b

elo

nge

d to

or 's

ym

pa

thize

d w

ith th

e o

rde

r. To

da

y, O

pu

s D

ei

co

ntro

l• the v

ote

• of a

bo

ut o

ne-fifth

of S

pain

'■

parlia

men

tary

dep

utie

s,

as

w

ell a

s

the c

ap

ital o

f nu

mero

us b

an

ks, c

on

glo

mera

te*, a

nd

co

nstru

ctio

n firm

s. Its

influ

en

ce

ha

s s

pre

ad

to th

e V

atic

an

, wh

ere

Po

pe

Jo

hn

Pa

ul IID

Na

Milriltis

leita

i 4 a

t* "'W

e...I

.; C

o La

tin A

me

rica

ge

ne

rally

, wh

ere

Arc

hb

ish

op

Lo

pe

z Tru

jillo, a

n

Op

us D

ei ally

, is n

ow

pre

sid

en

t of th

e L

atin

Am

eric

an

Co

nfe

ren

ce o

f Bis

ho

ps: to

Ch

ile, w

he

re th

e O

pu

s D

ei m

ag

azin

e

Qu

o P

am

co

nsp

ired

aga

ins

t the

reg

ime

of

Sa

lva

do

r• Alle

nd

e: a

nd

to th

e U

nite

d S

tate

s, w

he

re D

av

id K

en

ne

dy

, pre

sid

en

t of

. !Arlo

.

-5-

Continental Illinois Bank. is said to be "a conspicuous friend of the new power

brokers in the Order of the Opus Del.."

Fn France, Opus Del has had a particularly notable Influence, going back

as far as 1938. It became strong In the army and among ex-Vichyites and right

wing Catholic integristes. It was said to have influenced Robert Schumann,

Antoine Pinny, and Paul Baudouin, former president of the Banque de l'lndochine

and Vichy foreign minister.

Ab

ove

all, however, Opus Del made inroads through

Baudouin's protege Edmond C

iscard

, who shared * variety of colonial enterprises

with the BIC group. Edmond, father of Valery, was president of the Banque des

Interkta francais

of which minority control reared with Opus Del's Banco

popular espanol.

Another Opus Del connection was forged through the treasurer of Valery

Giscard d'Extaing's Independent Republican party, the Prince Jean de Broglie.

De Broglie was president of a Luxembourg Firm, Sodetea S. A., an affiliate of

the Spanish textile firm Mates., which was at the center of an enormous Opus

Dei-linked financial scandal that rocked the Spanish government in the late

1960s. There is evidence that the Opus Del-Maters network siphoned off money

for the campaigns of Giscard, who shared their technocratic, anti-political

Prejudices. (Mates& also allegedly donated 510.000 to the campaign of Richard

Nixon for U. S. president in 1968.) These connections between Opus Del. Giscard,

and De Broglie have been raised as a possible motive for the assassination of

the prince in December 1976.

2 London Times, 12 January I981; New Times (USSR). 13-82; Nigh Times (US).

August 1980; Jesus Faience, Un Crime sops Giscard (Parlor Francois Maspero, 1981).

Italy - Opus Del's tentacles also reach into Italy. where the organization

has lobbied hard in the Vatican against the Jesuit order, in particular by

exposing the links between certain Jesuits and freemasonry.

The Catholic Church, of course, has long been hostile to anti-clerical

freemasonry, with the exception of a brief period of liberalization in the late

1970s that was promoted quietly by such leading Jesuits as Father Giovanni

Caprile, the official historian of the Vatican. But then, in March 1981, the

holy See reminded the faithful that Catholics "are forbidden under pain of ea-

coersunicettcm from joining Masonic or similar aasociations." The timing of the

proclamation, which caught many by surprise, was no accident; the Church hi

by

had advance knowledge of, and was disclaiming any responsibility for, the forth-

coming scandal over Italy's notorious P2 masonic lodge.

The existence of the lodge had long been known by close observers of the

Italian political scene; its name had been raised repeatedly in connection with

official inventigatinnAf neofascist outrages during the 1970s. But in May

thsek

1981 Italian authorities released a list of 963 members--a list that mmeelmel

the nation

an

d led to the collapse of the government and the wholesale replace-

ment of military, intelligence, and civil service personnel.

Thm

lod

ge w

as headed by Licio Galli. • wealthy businessman who had fought

with the Falange in Spain and then far the fascist Republic of Salo in the last

days or Nazi rule in Italy. Celli's purposes were revealed by his declaration

in 1976 that "masonry hares communism because it is contrary to the idea of the

dignity of personal individualism, destroyer of fundamental rights, which are

the divine Inheritance of all men, and enemy of the fundamental masonic principle

3 11 Mondo, 26 June 1981

45u day Times (London), 29 May 1981

to have faith In God."5 Judging by the membership of the lodge, Geill intended

to organize nothing less than a counterrevolutionary cell, either to overthrow

the democratic state (as several P2 members had attempted In the early 19/0s),

or to prevent a Communist takeover. The members included three cabinet minister,

from the Arnaldo Porlani government; the heads of Italy's three main intelligence

services; the chiefs of staff of the army, navy, and defense ministry; the heads

of the cerabinteri and the paramilitary custom. police; 18 members of parliament.

21 judges, top corporate executives, influential journalists, end foreign

political and business figure., especially from Latin America.6

Ironicelly,

the lodge also included the notorious swindler Michele Sindona, banker to the

Vatican whose influential American collaborator, David Kennedy, is clone to the

aniimasonic Opus Del.

Celli swore his initiates to secrecy and made them take an oath "to aid.

comfort, and defend my brothers in the order, even at the risk of my life."

An official investigation summed up the significance of Celli's "state within

a stove": "Lodge P2 is a aecret sect that has combined business and polities with

Turkey to the Italian Red Brigades and to right-wing hit teams in Spain and Italy.

He was accused of diverting more than Frs. 2 million In proceeds from one arch

deal in March 1981 to finance Gfecard d'Estaing's presidential fund, against the

wishes of his Gaullist superiors in SAC and the Templers--for which crime he may

have paid with his llfe.8 Celli himself was said to have met in Marseilles with

the French Templets, and to have stayed at a villa frequented by extreme right

9

ltsliane close to SAC and the fascist Ordre Nouveau.

The Sovereign Military Order of the Temple of Jerusalem is the 19th century

incarnation of the original Teeplare who fought to secure routes to the Holy Land

for pilgrims during the era of the Crusades. In 1307 Philippe Le Bel, king of

France, crushed them and confiscated some of their enormous holdings, ostensibly

because they had begun to propagate heretical religious views. Templar Grand

Master Jacques de Holey was burned at the stake on March 19, 1314.

Modern Templets, somewhat wishfully, trace their origins all the way back

to the 14th century. Member. of the Knights Templar did indeed survive the first

the intention of destroying the conaticutlonal order of the country." 7

inquisition in Portugal and Scotland, where recording to tradition they founded the

10

France - One of the many secret dossiers found in Gelli's possession was

entitled "Sovereign Military Order of the Temple of Jerusalem." According to the

Communist newspaper La Mareeillaise. Celli had direct dealings with the French

branch of the Templets. One of the French Templar initiates was Jacques Massie,

former leader of the Gaullist Service d'Acclon Civique (SAC) in the south of

Prance, who was found murdered with his entire family at Aurlol on the outskirts

of Marseilles. Massie had allegedly been involved in the [raffle in arm. from

5 II Mondo, op. cit.

6Attentions, December 1981

7Time, 8 lone 1981

Scottish Rite of Freemasonry and the Rosicruclan sect.

8 New York Times, 17 November 1981; Searchlight, October 1981

9'Panorama (Milan), 10 August 1981

1.0 French masons, part of a so-called "propaganda" cell, conspired against Louis

XVI in the name of the memory of Jacques de Willy. (Michael Balgent, et. al.,

Holy Blood, Holy Grail (Rev York: Deiacorte Press, 1982). pp.

52-53.

Here It should be mentioned 'hat masonry in France is still of political

significance. It is split into several rival organizations. The French Grand

Orient Le politically liberal, and has sharply attacked the Nouvelle Eeole

school in its journal Humanisme (March 1981). The more conservative, pro-

British Grande Loge Nationale Francaise is based in Neuilly-cur-Selne„ and

enjoys the support of fellow mason General Lyman Lmenitzer, who inaugurated

its new temple In 1964 when he vas NATO commander-ln-chief. The never, anti-

British faction of the Grand Lodge, called Opera, includes the occultist and

Nouvelle Ecole doyen Louis Fauwele. (Alain Gotthard, Les France-masons (Paris:

Bernard Grauer, 1969), p.

278; Le Crapouillot, February 1481.

-8-

To

day th

e T

em

pla

r ord

er h

as b

ran

ch

es in

nu

mero

us W

este

rn c

ou

ntrie

s. In

the

Un

ited

Sta

tes it is

ca

lled

the P

riory

of S

t. Geo

rge

an

d in

clu

de

s "

ma

ny

pe

op

le o

f

11

g

oo

d s

ocia

l po

sitio

n."

In

Fra

nce, its

me

mb

ers

Inclu

de

key g

overn

men

t offic

ials

,

ba

nk

ers

, an

d o

the

r dig

nita

ries

, inc

lud

ing

Ch

arle

s d

e G

au

lle'. c

los

e a

ss

oc

iate

Gen

era

l Zd

roje

wski, a

Resis

tan

ce h

ero

wh

o h

ead

ed

the o

rder in

Fra

nce. H

is

as

sis

tan

t. Co

lon

el M

ore

au

, ha

d tie

s to

SD

EC

E, u

tr”..s

L

tow

....

Le

ad

ing

Ga

ullis

t', mo

at n

ota

bly

Pie

rre L

em

arc

ha

nd

, se

w th

e p

ote

ntia

l of

co

ntro

lling

the T

em

pla

rs to

gain

occu

lt po

litical in

fluen

ce a

nd

inte

lligen

ce.

He

ord

ere

d a

form

er ra

nk

ing

me

mb

er o

f SA

C, C

ha

rles

La

me

nts

. to in

filtrate

an

d ta

ke

ov

er th

e T

em

pla

rs. T

hro

ug

h fra

ud

an

d s

tron

g a

rm ta

ctic

s—

me

tho

ds

tha

t ca

me

natu

rally

to L

asco

rz, w

ho

was a

s p

rofic

ien

t at b

lackm

ail a

s h

e w

as a

t go

ld a

nd

arm

s s

mu

gg

ling

--La

ec

ors

did

ca

ke

co

ntro

l an

d s

taff k

ey

offic

es

of th

e T

em

pla

rm

with

truste

d a

sso

cia

tes

from

S

AC

. Its in

fluen

ce s

ho

uld

no

t be u

nd

ere

atim

ate

d; a

s

on

e L

asco

rz a

sso

cia

te o

bserv

ed

, "O

n tro

ve d

es te

mp

liera

a

tom

s le

s p

os

ts c

lef d

e

la p

olic

e, d

e V

ers

e*, d

e is

rad

io, d

e la

tele

vis

ion

, et d

es d

iffere

nts

min

iste

res.

12 la

nais

le S

AC

n'e

st p

arv

en

u a

un

tel d

eg

re d

'org

en

tsatio

n e

t de p

uis

san

ce."

As o

ne a

uth

ority

has n

ote

d, "

Tem

pla

rs a

re a

verita

ble

ind

ustry

In F

ran

ce."

Th

is h

old

s tru

e b

oth

in te

rms o

f the e

nd

less o

utp

ou

ring

of b

oo

ks a

nd

artic

les o

n

the

his

tory

of th

e T

em

ple

ts a

nd

the

Ga

the

rs in

the

La

ng

ue

do

c re

gio

n (in

clu

din

g

sp

ecu

latio

n o

n th

e fa

te o

f the le

gen

dary

Tem

pla

r fortu

ne a

nd

the H

oly

Gre

il),

bu

t als

o in

term

s o

f the p

rolife

ratio

n o

f secre

t so

cie

ties. S

evera

l so

cie

ties

In F

ran

ce b

esid

es th

e S

overe

ign

Milita

ry O

rder o

f the T

em

ple

of J

eru

sale

m h

ark

en

%m

on

arc

his

t/

ba

ck

to T

em

pla

r orig

ins

. On

e o

f the

se

, the

d

e S

ian

, han

recen

tly a

ttracte

d

mu

ch

atte

ntio

n.

13 A

no

ther e

ven

mo

re m

yste

riou

s "

Tem

pla

r" g

rou

p w

as b

riefly

exp

osed

wealth

in

1960. It w

as s

aid

to b

e a

riecre

t so

cie

ty w

ith a

co

re g

rou

p o

f ab

ou

t 10 m

em

bers

.

Lik

e O

pu

s D

ei, it w

as c

lose to

Cath

olic

inte

eris

te a

nd

fran

qu

iste

circ

les, w

ith

11

Lt. C

ol. G

ey

re, T

he

Kn

igh

tly T

wilig

ht (M

alta

, n.d

.), 76

-79

.

12S

. Fern

an

d 6

C. L

eceselie

r, Au

x O

rdre

s d

u S

AC

(Alb

in M

ich

el, 1

987).

I). Mic

hael R

eag

en

t, et. a

l., Ho

ly b

loo

d, H

oly

Gra

il.

co

nn

ectio

ns In

Sp

ain

an

d G

erm

an

y. Its

mem

bers

, su

pp

orte

d b

y O

AS

cells

In A

lgeria

, and

14

were

said

to b

e e

xtre

me m

on

arc

his

ts. a

ntim

aso

nic

3an

tico

mm

un

tat.

On

e o

f the le

ad

ers

of th

is T

em

pla

r gro

up

was C

on

sta

ntin

Meln

ik, a

tech

nic

al

co

un

se

lor to

prim

e m

inis

ter M

ich

el D

eb

re. H

is J

ob

w

as

to

co

ord

ina

te th

e v

ario

us

Fre

nch

po

llee a

nd

inte

lligen

ce s

erv

ices

(SD

EC

E, D

ST.

Su

rete

, RG

). It was ru

mo

red

that h

e w

as a

sso

cia

ted

with

Rad

io F

ree E

uro

pe (a

CIA

pro

ject) a

nd

*Le

the

U. S

.

Air F

orc

e'. th

inkta

nk, R

an

d C

orp

ora

tion

. Meln

ik h

ad

join

ed

the K

assem

ble

men

t des

Cau

ch

ea R

ep

ub

licain

es w

ho

se s

ecre

tary

gen

era

l, Jean

-Lo

uis

David

, was fo

un

der o

f the

CIA

-backed

Pais

et L

ibere

e.

Ru

t Me

lnik

's fa

mily

ba

ck

gro

un

d is

in s

om

e w

ay

s e

ve

n m

ore

inte

res

ting

. He

wa

s

bo

rn in

Fra

nce o

f Wh

ite R

ussia

n p

are

nts

. His

gra

nd

fath

er o

n h

is m

oth

er's

sid

e w

as

Eu

gen

e B

otk

in.p

ers

on

al p

hysic

ian

to C

zar N

ich

ola

s II a

nd

the im

peria

l fam

ily. B

otk

in

was k

illed

by th

e to

lsh

evIk

a, a

lleg

ed

ly a

lon

g w

ith N

ich

ola

s a

nd

the re

st o

f 6

fam

ily. to

tkin

'e d

au

gh

ter m

arrie

d C

on

sta

ntin

Me

lnik

Sr. in

19

18

, an

d fle

d to

Fra

nce v

ia th

e B

alk

an

s. H

er s

on

, als

o C

on

sta

ntin

, was b

orn

in 1

927.

Mrs

. Meln

ik, a

lon

g 7

4th

her b

roth

er G

leb

So

tkin

, becau

se a

sta

un

ch

defe

nd

er

of th

e c

laim

s o

f An

na

An

de

rso

n to

be

An

as

tas

ia, o

ne

of th

e C

za

r's d

au

gh

ters

wh

om

15

his

tory

rec

ord

ed

as

ha

vin

g d

ied

with

the

res

t of h

er fa

mily

. H

er c

laim

do

es

16

res

t up

on

a s

ub

sta

ntia

l bo

dy

of c

on

vin

cin

g e

vid

en

ce

. T

ho

m w

e c

an

se

e th

at

Meln

ik's

backg

rou

nd

wo

uld

have c

on

ditio

ned

his

to th

e s

ort o

f co

nsp

irato

rial,

righ

t-win

g p

olitic

s c

hara

cte

ristic

of e

mig

re W

hite

Ru

ssia

n c

om

mu

nitie

s.

Un

ited

Sta

tes

- An

na

An

de

rso

n w

as

no

t the

on

ly A

na

sta

sia

cla

ima

nt; h

er c

hie

f

riva

l In th

e U

nite

d S

tate

s w

an

Mrs

. Eu

ge

nia

Sm

ith. S

mith

's c

laim

s, a

ltho

ug

h

co

nsid

ere

d s

haky b

y th

e b

est s

ch

ola

rs, w

ere

po

werfu

lly s

up

po

rted

by th

e te

stim

on

y

of o

ne

Mic

ha

el N

. Co

linie

we

ki, w

ho

ha

iled

from

Po

lan

d y

et c

laim

ed

to h

av

e k

no

wn

An

as

tas

ia p

ers

on

ally

as a c

hild

.

14

Le

s D

oc

um

en

ts p

olitiq

ue

s, d

ipla

ulE

lsw

ee

, et fin

an

cie

res

: Ap

ril 19

60

.

15G

uy R

ich

ard

a, H

un

t for th

e C

zar, p

p. 1

42-1

43: i.e

. D

ocu

men

ts. A

ug

ust 1

060.

16A

nth

on

y S

um

me

rs, T

he

File

on

th

e T

sar.

varzia

. 11..e

i"IrvaaarA

iew

is ('s

n F

rznzl, c

44,za

of 1

1,. c

zal

prze

au

re4

Pen

k•vircl te

ary

,

-10-

In his Polish identity, Coliniewskt was, verifiably, perhaps the most important

official from an East Bloc intelligence agency ever to defect into the area of the

CIA. Gollniewski Joined the Soviet intelligence aparatus In Poland at the end of

World War 11, and by 1955 reached the rank of colonel and deputy chief of GlnwnY

Reread Informacji„ the Polish intelligence agency. His responsibilities included

counterintelligence and foreign technical espionage. In April 1958 he contacted the

American, and began ['easing top secret information to the West. At Christmas,

1960, fearing that hi. cover vat blown, Goliniewski defected to the United States.

In all, he transmitted or brought vlth his more than five thosaand pages of

documents on Soviet. taut German. and Polish intelligence.

His moan important contribution vas in the field of counterintelligence,

the murky world of plugging leaks and catching "mules" who work secretly for

foreign service'. According to Ala admirer". Coliniewaki'm leads and information

led to the capture of a small army of Soviet moles in Britain, Sweden, Went

Germany, Israel. Denmark, and Prance. Hie most important catch was the high

ranking MI6 official George Blake, whose unmasking Led in turn to the exposure

of Kim Philby, the most famous mole of .11 time.

Moat disturbing of all, however, for the CIA was Goliniewelti's claim that

East Bloc intelligence *graces were receiving timely information from • source

or sources within the CIA itself. According to one CIA counterintelligence officer,

Coliniewski was "the first and primary source on a mole" to the Agency. In short,

If Goliniewski could be believed. the CIA was an penetrated by Russian agenta at

the British serviee had been. His secusacioms led to a controversy that has raged

for more then twenty years over the reliability of U. S. intelligence. The CIA's

counterintelligence chief, James Angleton, was convinced that Golintemeld was •

RCA plant or provocation agent, and distanced the Agency from the Poliph defector.

Nonetheless. Angleton came to accept the claim of a later defector, Anatol'

Golitsin, who confirmed that the CIA had indeed been penetrated.1.7

Among the Americans identified by Goliniewski no Soviet agents was none other

than Henry Klmainger, whoa Volinievski claimed had been recruited shortly after

World War Ii while working in the army's counterintelligence corps in Germany.

This claim—supported by former army intelligence agent Frank A. Capell--

naturally undermined Goliniewski's credibility in some circles. More damaging,

however, was Goliniewaki's claim not to be Polieh at all, but rather the true

heir to the Russian throne, the Cgarevitch, son of Nicholas II. According to

Colinteweki, he escaped with his Father and the entire Imperial family; the

execution use merely a potitically-contrived cover story.

Goliniewski's announcement immediately made his position et the CIA all

the more untenable, yet he wee not vithout Influential supporters. His most

highly placed admirer van Herman E. Kimsey, a former army intelligence officer

who served an the CIA's chief of Research and.Amalysis from 1954 to 1962. As

Allen Dolles's right-hstakman, Kimsey was also said to have been In charge of

recruiting assassin for the Agency. rotted out of the CIA with Allen puller;

following the Bay of Pigs fiasco, Kimsey later asserted publicly that Goliniewaki

had been tested by CIA experts for fingerprint., blood diseepee, dental work. end

other charecterietics and had been confirmed as the Csarevitch.

Others who supported Collniewaki's lineage Included the John Birch Society

(through its journal American Opinion). the Philadelphia-based lay Catholic Order

of the Carmelites (an anti-communist organization), the coneervatime journalist

Guy Richards, the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of

Insole, and the Sovereign Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Knights of Malta.

17 David Martin, Milderneme of Mirrors (New Turk; Rarper 4 Row, 1981). p. 103.

-12-

-13-

In 1981 the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of

Russia, the religions arm of the White Russian community, canonized the imperial

family as martyrs to the Bolsheviks. In short, they do not now recognize

Goliniewski's claim that the family survived. In 1964, however, the Synod

married him in an Orthodox ceremony under the name Alexei Hicholaevich Romanov.

The Synod's later change of heart may reflect the fact that a major source of

its funding, the Tolstny Foundation, was a leading conduit of funds from the CIA,

which had lost faith in, and was trying to discredit, Goliniewski.

Coliniewski's more constant defender wan the Sovereign Order of St. John of

Jerusalem, Knights of Malta (50J) based in Shickshinny, Pennsylvania, which

asserted a rightful lineage back to the original Knights of St. John of Jerusalem

who rivaled the Templar

■ as leaders of armed Christendom in the early Middle Ages.

The order claimed its legitimacy from protection granted it by Czar Peter I of

Russia In 1798 following Napoleon's seizure of Malta, then the home base of

the Knight.. Peter I was also the alleged founder of the Secret Circle, • group

of Church and Army leaders who pledged to protect Cod and Country. This clan-

destine patriotic organization, to which Golinieweki said he belonged, supposedly

infiltrated its modern followers into almost every intelligence agency in Europe

19

In order to battle the Bolshevik menace.

The SOJ rests upon an ecclesiastical alliance of Roman Catholics, trad-

itionalist Old Roman Catholics, and Russian Orthodox believers. It

■ members

refer to the New Mass as an "unspeakable abomination" and cake violent exception

to the "infidel marauders" who have corrupted the Vatican in recent years. The

order's former grand master, Col. ichel, said that the foundations of Christianity

14.4 "about ready to face destruction" from the "world menace of Marxism and Moscow"

20

unless the Catholic Traditionalist Movement and the SOJ could turn the tide.

18 Peter Koltypin letter to author, October 10, 1981; Guy Richards, Imperial

Agent (New Tork: Devin Adair, 1966), p. 247.

19. Richards, pp. 91-93.

20. Col. Thourot Pichel, History of the Hereditary Government of the Sovereign

Order of St. John of Jerusalem, Knight. of Malta (Shickshinny, Ps., 1970)

Another spokesman refers to the SOJ as "the army of the Catholic Church," and

boasts that as an army the SOJ devised a tunnel finder device for use by American

21

crones In Vietnam.

The SOJ's membership reads like a who's who of military and intelligence

veterans. Its two "associate chiefs of international intelligence" in 1970 were

Herman Kimsey end a former army intelligence officer, Kyril de Shismarev.

Shismarev, whose father had commanded a regiment In Russia's prewar Imperial

22

Guard, had known Alezei Romano. , as a youth and vouched for Goliniewski.

On the

order's "military affairs committee" sat, among others, Maj. General Charles A.

Willoughby, Douglas MacArthur's chief of C-2 In the Pacific Theater, and a

renowned right winger: Lt. General P. A. del Valle, a member of the neo-nazi

23

Liberty Lobby and the racist National States Rights Party;

Admiral Charles

M. Cooke, former commander of the For Eastern fleet and an unofficial adviser

in 1950 to the armed forces of the Republic of China; and Lt. Colonel Philip

.24

Corso, a 20-year veteran of army intelligence

who went to work for Senator

25

Strom Thurmond (R-SC) and once sued liberal columnist Drew Pearson for defamation.

James Wachen, Is the Order of St. John Masonic? (Rockford,

Tan looks, 1973).

22Shiemarey helped Coliniewski track down the remnants of the Czar's fortune.

One of Shisaurev'

■ contacts was his "old friend and retired banker" Rudolph Iselin

of Basle, whose (eon?) Felix was an IC Farben agent before and during World War

"Del Valle has charged—in the spirit of Colinieweki and Frank Capell--that

"the conspiracy headed by Dr. Kissinger ie clothed in pseudo legality through our

surrender . . . of our armed forces." (Washington Observer, 1 Mey 1971)

24 Coy Richards calls Corso "one of the most remarkable men in Washington." Corso.

he writes, "has made personal friends in the CIA, 'FBI. Defense Intelligence Agency.

Notional Security Agency, Army. Navy, Air Force and Msrine Corps whose loyalty Er

him transcends bureaucratic boundaries whenever they believe the interests of the

country are at stake." (Imperial Agent, p. 24)

25Drew Pearson also happened to be one of Coliniewaki detractors, thanks to CIA

leaks. Corso was a leading Goliniewski defender. (Imperial Agent. 267)

21

-15-

-

Finally, the Honorary Grand Admiral of the SOJ in Admiral Sir Barry Doraville.

a former British intelligence chief who was interned during World War II as a

26

fascist sympathizer.

Goliniewski's leading defenders in the S0.1 have a curious but important

relationship to the unfinished investigation of the assassination of President

John F. Kennedy. For example. the army intelligence officer Philip Corso idea-

titled Lee Harvey Oswald as a CIA "asset" and named the alleged CIA officials

whom Oswald allegedly contacted in Moscow during his "defection" to the Soviet

Union. The CIA's Herman Kimsey, righthand man to Allen Dulles who later served

on the Warren Commission, allegedly had first hand information implicating the

KGB in the assassination. In this scenario, Oswald thought he was working for

U. S. intelligence when the KGB duped his into joining the plot as a patsy.

Kimsey, now dead, has a spokesman In Hugh McDonald, former chief of detectives

of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's department, who mays he also served as an army

intelligence officer and CIA contract agent. In the fall of 1964, Kimsey, having

retired from the CIA with Dulles, was working for McDonald, than chief of security

for Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater. Kimsey allegedly told

McDonald at that time details of the plot to kill Kennedy. The actual

In.

Kimsey maintained, was a contract killer sometimes employed by Kimsey on behalf

of the CIA. In his book Appointment in Dallas (1975), McDonald says he tracked

this killer down in London and learned from his that the paymaster for the hit,

rodenamed "Trott." net Oswald up as a patsy.

who was Trott? McDonald "reveals" in his later book, LIU and the JFK

Conspiracy, that the KCB planned the assassination between 1961 and 1963. (In-

terestingly enough, McDonald's co-author, Robin Moore. produced the film

MacArthur with funds from the Unification Church of Sun Myung Moon, whose New

York newspaper News World has accepted Collnlewski as the Csarevitch.) The John

Birch society organ American Opinion, which also backs Goliniewskt, buys the

McDonald thesis and suggests that Trott vas none other than George de Mohrenachildt.

a White Russian petroleum geologist with strong connections to French and American

intelligence who became Oswald's patron in Texas in 1962 and 1963. American

Opinion acknowledges as the source of this hypothesis the veteran army intelligence

officer Frank Cape'', who succeeded Col. Pichel as head of the Shtckshinny order

and who, as we have seen, defended Goltniewskl's assertion that Kissinger was a

27

Soviet agent.

But Capell was not the first to finger de Mbhrenschildt. In 1967, according

to an FRI memo, McDonald himself and his friend Leoncrd Davtdov, a fellow CIA

contract agent, friend of Kimsey, and Goldwater security staffer,soughr information

about de Mohrenschilides involvement in the assassination from I. Irving Davidson,

a CIA-connected Washington lobbyist for Haiti, a country where de Mohrenschildt

28

was actively pursuing brininess deals and intelligence missions.

In short, the McDonald/Kimsey/Canell network appears to have been •

disinformation clique centered around the SOJ. and aiming to smear the Soviets

(and Goldwater opponent Lyndon Johnson) with responsibility for one of the great

political crimes in American history. But there is a special relevance here for

To

e. N

osc

.k•, /

the Gollniewski case. Following the JFK assassination • Soviet detectorlcialmed

In his CIA debriefing' to~tave had access to the Oswald file in the Soviet Union,

and to know that Oswald was never recruited or even questioned by the KGB during

his stay in that country. Hosenko's story fell down on numerous points, and the

CIA's counterintelligence branch concluded that he was a provocation agent, a KGB

27 American Opinion. March and February 1976 on Goliniewski and the HT

assassination.

26 Col. ?Jebel, History, op. cit.

26Howie Select Committee on Assaastnation, appendix

, pp. 57-59.

-IS-

ag

en

t mean

t, am

on

g o

ther th

ing

s, to

mis

lead

the U

nite

d S

tate

s a

bo

ut O

sw

ald

's

rela

tion

sh

ip w

ith S

ovie

t inte

lltgen

ce. T

his

inte

rpre

tatio

n o

f No

sen

ko

's d

efe

ctio

n

ha

s b

ee

n a

do

pte

d b

y th

e jo

urn

alis

t Ed

wa

rd E

ps

tein

. wh

o c

on

clu

de

s in

his

bo

ok

Le

ge

nd

that O

sw

ald

did

sh

oo

t the p

resid

en

t an

d th

at b

oth

he a

nd

de M

oh

ren

sch

ildt

ha

d w

ork

ed

for th

e R

OB

. Ep

ste

in le

no

w a

n a

vid

de

fen

de

r of G

olin

iew

sk

i, wh

om

he

refe

rs to

as R

om

an

ov.29 T

he

fac

t tha

t No

se

nk

o w

as

ultim

ate

ly re

ha

bilita

ted

with

in

the

CIA

, an

d th

e c

ou

nte

rinte

llige

nc

e b

ure

au

de

cim

ate

d in

a p

urg

e th

at c

ulm

ina

ted

to la

te 1

474 w

ith th

e firin

g o

f Jam

es A

ng

elto

n, s

ug

gests

to E

pate

in th

at

Go

linie

ws

ki w

as

righ

t: Th

e C

IA h

en

be

en

pe

ne

trate

d a

t the

co

p b

y o

ne

or m

ore

So

vie

t. "m

ole

s" w

ho

pro

tec

ted

No

me

nk

o a

t the

ex

pe

ns

e o

f loy

al a

ge

nc

y o

fficia

ls.

Th

us th

e E

pste

iniM

eD

on

ald

aim

sey s

cen

ario

for th

e J

PX

assassin

atio

n in

intim

ate

ly

su

pp

orte

d b

y th

eir p

os

ition

on

the

Go

linie

wa

ki/m

ole

qu

es

tion

.

Th

e s

tak

es

are

hig

h in

this

co

ntro

ve

rsy

: no

thin

g s

ho

rt of b

lam

ing

the

KG

B

for th

e a

ss

as

sin

atio

n a

nd

ex

po

sin

g le

ad

ing

CIA

offic

ials

as

traito

rs. tu

t the

matte

r go

es fa

rther th

an

ch

at. In

a re

cen

t issu

e o

f C

om

men

tary

mag

azin

e,

Ep

ste

in a

rgu

es th

at th

e U

nite

d S

tate

s s

ho

uld

sh

un

arm

s c

on

trol n

eg

otia

tion

s w

ith

the S

ovie

t Un

ion

baeau

se th

e C

IA's

ab

ility to

verify

su

ch

an

ag

reem

en

t hes b

een

ne

utra

lize

d th

rou

gh

"d

isin

form

atio

n" a

nd

do

ub

le A

ge

nt,' w

ithin

the

ag

en

cy

.

Alth

ou

gh

Ep

ste

in d

oe

s n

ot c

ite th

e G

olin

iew

sk

i ca

se

dire

ctly

, his

arg

um

en

t la

dire

ct o

utg

row

th o

f his

co

nc

lus

ion

s re

ac

he

d th

rou

gh

co

nv

ers

atio

ns

with

tha

t

de

fec

tor a

nd

with

ve

tera

n. o

f CIA

co

un

terin

tellig

en

ce

. Th

us

the

twe

nty

-ye

ar

dta

pu

te o

ve

r Go

llnie

ws

ki's

bo

na

fide

s c

on

tinu

es

to im

pin

ge

on

the

hig

he

st le

ve

ls

30

o

f n

atio

nal p

olic

y.

29 Ho

us

ton

Po

st. 3

0 M

ay

1911

30

Co

mm

en

tary

, Ju

ly 1

98

2.

A n

ote

on

SM

OM

- Th

e S

ill is n

ot re

co

gn

ize

d b

y m

os

t his

toria

ns

as

the

leg

itimate

su

ccesso

r to th

e c

rusad

ing

Kn

igh

ts o

f Se. J

oh

n o

f Jeru

sale

m. T

he

"tru

e" o

rgan

izatio

n Ia

, inste

ad

, gen

era

lly a

ccep

ted

to b

e th

e p

ap

al o

rder,

So

ve

reig

n M

ilitary

Ord

er o

f Ma

lts. T

he

10

,00

0 m

em

be

rs o

f this

ord

er, s

ca

ttere

d

thro

ug

ho

ut th

e g

lob

e, a

re p

led

ged

to d

efe

nd

the C

hu

rch

an

d to

carry

an

the

ho

sp

itale

r trad

ition

of th

e o

rigin

al k

nig

hts

. Ac

co

rdin

g to

Ste

ve

n B

irmin

gh

am

,

"T

he

Kn

igh

ts o

f Ma

lts c

om

pris

e w

ha

t is p

erh

ap

s th

e s

oo

t ex

clu

siv

e c

lub

on

ea

rth.

Th

ey a

re m

ere

than

the C

ath

olic

aris

tocra

cy; th

ey a

ce th

e n

ob

ility. ro

yalty

.

Wh

ile th

e K

nig

hts

of C

olu

mb

lat a

re a

sso

cia

ted

with

lod

ge m

eetin

gs a

nd

bin

go

,

the

Kn

igh

ts o

f Ma

lta c

an

pic

k u

p • te

lep

ho

ne

an

d c

ha

t with

the

Po

pe

." A

co

ca

]

of firrty

co

un

tries

rec

og

niz

e S

MO

M'a

so

ve

reig

nty

an

d a

cc

red

it its a

mb

as

sa

do

rs. *

SH

UN

als

o is

su

es

pa

ss

po

rts a

nd

sc

am

ps

tha

t are

va

lid in

so

me

co

un

tries

, pa

rticu

larly

in L

attn

Am

eric

a.

SH

OW

. me

mb

ers

hip

su

gg

es

t. an

occu

lt po

litical s

ign

ifican

ce riv

allin

g th

at

of Ita

ly's

P2 lo

dg

e.

Weed, th

ere

was c

on

sid

era

ble

overla

p b

etw

een

the tw

o,

even

tho

ug

h S

tau

nch

Cath

olic

s lik

e th

ose in

SM

OM

have lo

ng

been

warn

ed

aw

ay fro

m

freem

aso

nry

. On

e o

f Lid

a C

elli', c

losest c

olla

bo

rato

rs w

as th

e

SMO

M

am

bassad

or

to M

on

tevid

eo

, Um

berto

Orto

lan

', wh

o g

ave G

en

t refu

ge a

fter h

is flig

ht fro

m

lOrto

lan

i wa

s a

lso

the

Uru

ga

ya

n re

pre

se

nta

tive

of th

e re

ce

ntly

faile

d

Rem

o A

mb

rosia

no

In Ite

ty. O

ther jo

int m

em

bers

of S

MO

M a

nd

P2 in

clu

ded

Ad

mira

l

Gio

van

ni T

orrls

i, ch

ief o

f sta

ff for d

efe

nse; G

en

era

l Giu

lio C

raesin

i, head

of

the

inte

rna

linte

llige

nte

ag

en

cy

Sis

de

; Ge

ne

ral G

ius

ep

pe

Sa

nc

ov

ico

, he

ad

of m

ilitary

esp

ion

ag

e a

nd

co

un

terin

tellig

en

ce, S

tark

e: G

en

era

l Gio

van

ni A

llaven

a, a

n o

fficer

in th

e o

ld In

tellig

en

ce

ag

en

cy

Slie

r; an

d G

iov

an

ni C

old

', pre

sid

en

t of th

e B

an

co

di R

om

a. A

ltho

ge

the

r at le

ast th

ree p

resid

en

ts o

f the R

ep

ub

lic, th

ree p

rime

min

iste

rs, a

nd

five

califs

of graft w

ere

me

mb

ers

of S

MO

M.

In th

e U

nite

d S

tate

n, th

e lis

t is n

o le

as

imp

res

siv

e. L

ea

din

g b

us

ine

ss

me

n,

po

liticia

n., a

nd

pro

fessio

na

ls h

em

s e

ag

erly

join

ed

its ra

nk

s; F

ran

k S

ina

tra e

ve

n

* le lialFasa rv

, tsnIIT a prealant ■Iir

iaeo m

o A. dam iszt•daelsi hee l (A

P l-N

-81)

-19-

-18-

turn

ed

to h

is e

nsile

co

nta

ct. in

an

un

su

ccessfu

l bid

to b

eco

me a

mem

ber. B

ut a

sig

nific

an

t nu

mb

er o

f inte

lligen

ce v

ete

ran

s a

re a

lso

mem

bers

. Th

ese in

clu

de

Willia

m C

as

ey

, cu

rren

tly d

irec

tor o

f the

CIA

; Jo

hn

*Co

ne

, form

er d

irec

tor o

f

the

CIA

; an

d C

lare

Bo

oth

Lu

ce

, a m

em

be

r of P

res

ide

nt R

ea

ga

n's

fore

ign

inte

llige

nc

e

ad

vis

ory

bo

ard

. Tw

o o

f the h

igh

est h

on

ors

besto

wed

by th

e Ita

lian

bra

nch

of

SH

OM

were

aw

ard

ed

in 1

946 a

nd

1948 re

sp

ectiv

ely

to J

am

es A

ng

leto

n, th

en

a y

ou

ng

t„

J"

..1

.s, p

t

ve

tera

n o

f OS

4 a

nd

Re

inh

ard

Ce

hle

n, th

e N

ati s

py

wh

o o

ve

rsa

w th

e p

os

twa

r 31

rec

on

stru

ctio

n o

f Ge

rma

n in

tellig

en

ce

un

de

r CIA

au

sp

ice

s.

Th

e A

ng

leto

n c

on

ne

ctio

n to

SM

OM

is s

ug

ge

stiv

e In

vie

w o

f his

op

po

sitio

n

32 to

th

e S

0J-b

acked

Mic

hael C

olin

iew

ski. T

he e

xis

ten

ce o

f no

man

y in

tellig

en

ce

vete

ran

s in

bo

th K

nig

hts

of M

alta

org

an

izatio

n., a

nd

their p

ola

risatio

n a

rou

nd

the C

olln

iew

eizi is

su

e, m

ay p

oin

t to th

e e

xis

ten

ce o

f po

werfu

l cliq

ues w

ithin

the

Am

eric

an

inte

llige

nc

e c

om

mu

nity

. We

ha

ve

oth

er e

vid

en

ce

of ju

st s

uc

h a

ph

en

om

en

on

. Fo

rmer C

IA o

fficer D

avid

Alic

e P

hillip

n2

rof "th

at s

ma

ll circ

le

of w

ell-b

red

, hig

hly

ed

uc

ate

d a

dv

en

ture

rs w

ho

we

re k

no

wn

to s

om

e in

the C

IA h

as

the 'K

nig

hts

Tem

pls

e--A

llen

Du

lles. F

ran

k W

ien

er, K

erm

it Ro

osevelt. T

racy B

arn

es,

33 D

ick B

issell, a

nd

kin

dre

d s

pirit.."

Oth

er C

IA v

ete

ran

s h

ave c

on

firmed

the

ex

iste

nc

e o

f sim

ilar a

ss

oc

iatio

ns

with

in th

e a

ge

nc

y, w

ith n

am

es

like

the

"Ce

ntu

ry C

rou

p" a

nd

the "C

old

Ke

y C

rou

p." F

urth

er re

se

arc

h is

ob

vio

usly

need

ed

to u

nco

ver th

e m

em

bers

hip

an

d s

ign

ifican

ce o

f these s

ecre

t so

cie

ties w

ithin

the in

tellig

en

ce a

gen

cie

s th

em

selv

es.

31 Kevin

Co

og

an

, "Th

e M

en

Beh

ind

the C

ou

nte

rrefo

rmatio

n." P

sra

po

litics/U

SA

. VI;

L'fip

ressn

, 28 J

un

e 1

981.

32A

ng

leto

n d

id, h

ow

ever, h

ave a

n o

bscu

re c

on

nectio

n to

SO

R th

rou

gh

his

early

litera

ry m

en

tor, E

zra

Po

un

d, P

ou

nd

refe

rs in

his

late

r ca

nto

n to

P. A

. de

l Va

lle,

■ m

em

ber o

f the S

0.1

milita

ry a

ffairs

co

mm

ittee. A

nd

Mary

Po

un

d d

e R

Ach

ew

iltx m

et

her h

usb

an

d B

oris

at a

pic

nic

with

the P

rincess T

rou

betzk

ol, w

ho

se h

usb

an

d

is o

ne

of th

e le

ad

ers

of th

e P

ich

el o

rde

r.

33D

. A. P

hillip

s,

Nig

ht W

atc

h (M

ew

'fork

: Ath

en

eu

m, 1

977),

123.

Th

ese e

xam

ple

s o

f the ro

le o

f secre

t so

cie

ties in

Weste

rn

so

cie

ty

■re

hard

ly e

xh

au

stiv

e. O

ne c

ou

ld m

en

tion

the fe

ecis

t-insp

ired

Ord

re d

e J

acq

ues

Ca

rtier w

hic

h ru

led

the p

rovin

ce o

f Qu

eb

ec fo

r thirty

years

an

d

■ till ex

erc

ise

.

en

ole

tn'IttiT

Te

ntil ■ ;:tt4

pO

w7r4

ful'i;'7

.oed

er=

1;=

Ch

ijAfric

a; o

r. leavin

g

the

we

st, th

e T

riad

s a

nd

oc

he

r so

cie

ties

tha

t org

an

ize th

e s

oc

ial a

nd

po

litica

l

fab

ric o

f overs

eas C

hin

ese c

om

mu

nitie

s.

Ev

en

with

the

me

few

ex

am

ple

s, h

ow

ev

er, it s

ho

uld

be

cle

ar th

at s

ec

ret

so

cie

ties

co

ntin

ue

to p

rolife

rate

in th

e "m

od

ern

" wo

rld a

nd

, in

so

me ep

ecia

lized

sp

here

s a

t least, c

an

influ

en

ce o

r even

decid

e im

po

rtan

t po

licy d

eb

ate

s. T

heir

me

tho

ds

, ne

ed

les

s to

sa

y. a

re n

on

- or a

ntid

em

oc

ratic

, wh

ich

ex

pla

ins

the

au

tho

ritaria

n c

hara

cte

r of s

o m

an

y o

f them

. Essen

tially

secre

t so

cie

ties lik

e

tho

se d

escrib

ed

here

are

instru

men

ts d

esig

ned

to c

overtly

seize

sta

te p

ow

er.

Becau

se th

ey re

ly s

o h

eavily

on

secre

cy a

n a

mo

du

s o

pera

nd

i, it wo

uld

seem

that',

as

in Ita

ly. e

xp

os

ure

is th

e b

es

t me

an

s to

dis

ma

ntle

the

m.

Th

is a

rticle

is •

call fo

r furth

er w

ork

in e

xactly

that d

irectio

n.