http://chemlinks.beloit.edu

http://mc2.cchem.berkeley.edu

SMB/MAA SMB/MAA MathFestMathFest

San Jose 2007San Jose 2007

Short Course:Short Course:

Implementing BiologyImplementing Biology

Across the Mathematics Across the Mathematics CurriculumCurriculum

John R. JungckInternational Union of Biological Sciences

Society for Mathematical BiologyBioQUEST Curriculum Consortium

Beloit College

The BioQUEST Curriculum Consortium

is funded by HHMI, NSF, and EOT-PACI Howard Hughes Medical Institute,

Division of Undergraduate Education, National Science Foundation,

and Education Outreach and Training - Partnership for Advanced Computing Infrastructure

Previous major funding:

Annenberg Project/Corporation for Public BroadcastingAnnenberg Project/Corporation for Public Broadcasting

Foundation for Microbiology

Beloit College

University of Chicago

Center for Biology Education,

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Apple Computer

Pew Midstates Science & Mathematics Consortium

Collaborative Mathematical ModelingCollaborative Mathematical ModelingTop-Down

ODE’s

PDE’s

(Symbolic Algebra Packages)

Bottom-UpCellular Automata

Individual-Based Modeling

Particle-Based Modeling

Engineering ControlNonlinear

Feedback

Hysteresis

(Stella, Simul, Extend)

StatisticsMultivariate

Resampling (bootstrapping, etc.)

Bayesian

HHMI subcontract from Claudia Neuhauser,HHMI subcontract from Claudia Neuhauser,HHMI Fellow & Chair, Ecology & Evolution,HHMI Fellow & Chair, Ecology & Evolution,College of Bioloogical Sciences, University of MinnesotaCollege of Bioloogical Sciences, University of Minnesota

Mathematical biology education and a response to NRC’sBio 2010 recommendations

National Research Council

Bio 2010: Transforming UndergraduateEducation for Future Research Biologists

Recommendation #2:

Concepts, examples, and techniques from mathematics, … should be included in biology courses. … Faculty in biology, mathematics, and physical sciences must work collaboratively to find ways of integrating mathematics … into life science courses …

ISBN 0-309-08535-7 (2003)

Recommendation #1:

Those selecting the new approaches should consider the importance of mathematics,

Meeting the Challenges: Meeting the Challenges: Education Across the Biological, Mathematical, and Education Across the Biological, Mathematical, and

Computer SciencesComputer Sciences

Sponsored by:Sponsored by: National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation National Institute of General Medical National Institute of General Medical

SciencesSciences American Association for the American Association for the

Advancement of ScienceAdvancement of Science Mathematical Association of America Mathematical Association of America American Society for MicrobiologyAmerican Society for Microbiology

pub.nigms.nih.gov/challenges/pub.nigms.nih.gov/challenges/

www.maa.org/mtc/www.maa.org/mtc/

Mathematics in Biology CurriculaMathematics in Biology Curricula

WHY?WHY?

RESPECTRESPECT

CONSISTENCYCONSISTENCY

EMPOWERMENTEMPOWERMENT

Lynn Arthur Steen, editorMath & Bio 2010: Linking Undergraduate Disciplines

Mathematics Association of America (2005).

Raina RobevaRaina RobevaSweet Briar CollegeSweet Briar College

Probabilityand

Statistics-basedModels

Anton WeissteinAnton WeissteinTruman State UniversityTruman State University

BiologicalESTEEM:Linear Algebra,PopulationGenetics, andMicrosoft Excel

Jennifer GalovichJennifer GalovichCollege of St. Benedict & College of St. Benedict &

St. John’s UniversitySt. John’s University

Bioinformaticsfrom anApplied

CombinatoricsPerspective

Renee FisterRenee FisterMurray State UniversityMurray State University

OPTIMAL CONTROLTHEORY

INBIOLOGY

Gretchen KochGretchen KochGoucher CollegeGoucher College

Teaching Mathematics to Biologistsand

Biology to Mathematicians:Pharmacokinetic

Modeling

BioGrapher (Graph Theory in Biology)BioGrapher (Graph Theory in Biology)

Julius JacksonJulius JacksonMichigan State UniversityMichigan State University

Number Theoryand

Genomics

Holly GaffHolly GaffOld Dominion UniversityOld Dominion University

EpidemiologyAnd

Modeling:

The Basics ofInfectiousDiseaseModeling

Two ChallengesTwo Challenges

(1)(1) Deluge of dataDeluge of data

(2) Working together, (2) Working together, Working apartWorking apart

Tsunami of DataTsunami of DataTsunami of DataTsunami of Data

TerrabytesTerrabytesPerPerDayDay

www.calacademy.org/.../ stories/horizons.html. Kathleen M. Wong. “Food Web Sandwich”

A more comprehensive yeast protein A more comprehensive yeast protein interaction networkinteraction network

Deletion phenotype:

Red = lethalRed = lethalGreen = non-lethalGreen = non-lethalOrange = slow growthOrange = slow growthYellow = unknownYellow = unknown

Source: Jeong H et al (2004) Nature 411:41-42

An example of a scale-An example of a scale-free networkfree network• Most nodes have few Most nodes have few

connectionsconnections• A small number of nodes A small number of nodes

(network hubs) are (network hubs) are connected to a large connected to a large number of other notesnumber of other notes

Working Together, Working ApartWorking Together, Working ApartParticipation:

Not just PI’sPost-docsGraduate & Under-graduate studentsTechnicians

More democratic= Creativity, Innovation

Less isolation & NIHSyndrome (Not In-vented Here)

Mayo Clinic ModelMayo Clinic Model

Bioinfor-maticsBioinfor-matics

Surgery Oncology

Pathol-ogy

Epidemi-ology

AppliedMathematics

Working Together, Working ApartWorking Together, Working Apart

SynergismsSynergisms Specializations Specializations

provide expertiseprovide expertise

Respecting Respecting differencedifference

ToleranceTolerance

Why 2020?Why 2020?

Microsoft Science 2020 reportMicrosoft Science 2020 report

What mathematical reasoning should What mathematical reasoning should we expect biologists to develop?we expect biologists to develop?

The Challenges for 2020 The Challenges for 2020 STUDENTSSTUDENTS

MultivariateMultivariate

MulticausalMulticausal

MultidimensionalMultidimensional

NonlinearNonlinear

Multi-scaleMulti-scale

Analyses of Complex DataAnalyses of Complex Data

Where are we now? Where do we need to go?Where are we now? Where do we need to go?

General biology texts:General biology texts: have less than 3 have less than 3

equationsequations Rarely have Rarely have

quantitative dataquantitative data Graph complexity Graph complexity

primarily linearprimarily linear No quantitative No quantitative

problems problems

Biology education that Biology education that uses calculus, discrete uses calculus, discrete mathematics, & statisticsmathematics, & statistics

Quantitative problem Quantitative problem solving throughoutsolving throughout

Modeling top down, Modeling top down, bottom up, nonlinear bottom up, nonlinear feedbackfeedback

Deal with complexity of Deal with complexity of terabytes of data per day terabytes of data per day

How close is 2020?How close is 2020?

Today’s kindergarden student will Today’s kindergarden student will be in college in 2020be in college in 2020

In other words, the student of In other words, the student of tomorrow is already in school!tomorrow is already in school!

Will biology education be as Will biology education be as similar as 1994 was to 2007? similar as 1994 was to 2007?

“ “ For Yesterday is but a DreamFor Yesterday is but a Dream

And To-morrow only a Vision;And To-morrow only a Vision;

But To-day well lived makes But To-day well lived makes

Every Yesterday a Dream of Happiness,Every Yesterday a Dream of Happiness,

And every Tomorrow, a And every Tomorrow, a VisionVision of Hope.” of Hope.”

- Kalidasa- KalidasaIndian poet and philosopherIndian poet and philosopher

VIII. Conclusion

Staying with Tradition and Seeing ChangeStaying with Tradition and Seeing Change

An Anthropologist’s AdviceAn Anthropologist’s Advice

“… “… there are a good many more there are a good many more ways of getting it wrong than ways of getting it wrong than getting it right, and one of the getting it right, and one of the most common ways of getting it most common ways of getting it wrong is through convincing wrong is through convincing ourselves that we have gotten it ourselves that we have gotten it right …”right …”

- Clifford Geertz- Clifford Geertz