SMARTTEXTILESANDWEARABLES:MARKETS,APPLICATIONSANDTECHNOLOGIES

ContentsContents ....................................................................................................... 1List of Tables ................................................................................................ 4List of Figures ............................................................................................... 4

Introduction ...................................................................................................... 8How to Use This Report ............................................................................... 8Wearable Technologies and the 4Th Industrial Revolution ............................ 9The Evolution of Wearable Technologies ................................................... 10Defining Smart Textiles ............................................................................... 15Factors Affecting The Adoption of Smart Textiles for Wearables .............. 18

Cost ......................................................................................................... 18Accuracy ................................................................................................. 18On Shoring .............................................................................................. 19Power management ................................................................................ 19Security and Privacy ............................................................................... 20

Markets ........................................................................................................... 21Total Market Growth and CAGR ................................................................. 21

Market Growth By Application ................................................................ 21Adding Value To Textiles Through Technology .......................................... 27How Nanomaterials Add Functionality and Value ...................................... 31Business Models ........................................................................................ 33

Applications .................................................................................................... 35Sports and Wellbeing ................................................................................. 35

1st Generation Technologies ................................................................... 35Under Armour Healthbox Wearables ........................................... 35Adidas MiCoach ........................................................................... 36Sensoria ....................................................................................... 36EMPA’s Long Term Research ...................................................... 39

2nd Generation Technologies ................................................................... 39Google's Project Jacquard ........................................................... 39Samsung Creative Lab ................................................................. 43Microsoft Collaborations .............................................................. 44Intel Systems on a Chip ............................................................... 44

Flex (Formerly Flextronics) and MAS Holdings ............................ 45Jiobit ............................................................................................. 46Asensei Personal Trainer .............................................................. 47OmSignal Smart Clothing ............................................................. 48Ralph Lauren PoloTech ................................................................ 49Hexoskin Performance Management ........................................... 50Jabil Circuit Textile Heart Monitoring ........................................... 51Stretch Sense Sensors ................................................................. 52NTT Data and Toray ..................................................................... 54Goldwin Inc. and DoCoMo ........................................................... 55SupaSpot Inc Smart Sensors ....................................................... 55Wearable Experiments and Brand Marketing .............................. 56Wearable Life Sciences Antelope ................................................. 57Textronics NuMetrex .................................................................... 59

3rd Generation Technologies ................................................................... 60AdvanPro Pressure Sensing Shoes ............................................. 60Tamicare 3D printed Wearables with Integrated Sensors ............ 62AiQ Smart Clothing Stainless Steel Yarns .................................... 64Flex Printed Inks And Conductive Yarns ...................................... 66Sensing Tech Conductive Inks ..................................................... 67EHO Textiles Body Motion Monitoring ......................................... 68Bebop Sensors Washable E-Ink Sensors .................................... 70Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research Piezolectric Polymer Sensors ........................................................................................ 71CLIM8 GEAR Heated Textiles ...................................................... 74VTT Smart Clothing Human Thermal Model ................................ 74ATTACH (Adaptive Textiles Technology with Active Cooling and Heating) ........................................................................................ 76

Energy Storage and Generation ................................................................. 78Intelligent Textiles Military Uniforms ............................................ 78BAE Systems Broadsword Spine ................................................. 79Stretchable Batteries .................................................................... 80LG Chem Cable Batteries ............................................................ 81

Supercapacitors ............................................................................... 83Swinburne Graphene Supercapacitors ........................................ 83MIT Niobium Nanowire Supercapacitors ..................................... 83

Energy Harvesting ...................................................................................... 86Kinetic ..................................................................................................... 86

StretchSense Energy Harvesting Kit ............................................ 86NASA Environmental Sensing Fibers ........................................... 86

Solar ........................................................................................................ 87Powertextiles ................................................................................ 88Sphelar Power Corp Solar Textiles .............................................. 88Ohmatex and Powerweave .......................................................... 89

Fashion ....................................................................................................... 891st Generation Technologies ................................................................... 92

Cute Circuit LED Couture ............................................................. 92MAKEFASHION LED Couture ...................................................... 94

2nd Generation Technologies ................................................................... 94Covestro Luminous Clothing ........................................................ 94

3rd Generation Technologies .................................................................. 96The Unseen Temperature Sensitive Dyes .................................... 96

Entertainment ............................................................................................. 98Wearable Experiments Marketing ................................................ 98

Key Technologies ......................................................................................... 100Circuitry ............................................................................................. 100

Conductive Inks for Fabrics ........................................................... 100Conductive Ink For Printing On Stretchable Fabrics .................. 100Creative Materials Conductive Inks And Adhesives ................... 100Dupont Stretchable Electronic Inks ............................................ 101Aluminium Inks From Alink Co ................................................... 101

Conductive Fibres .......................................................................... 102Circuitex Silver Coated Nylon .................................................... 102Textronics Yarns and Fibres ...................................................... 102Novonic Elastic Conductive Yarn ............................................... 103Copper Coated Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Fibres ........................... 103

Printed electronics ......................................................................... 105Covestro TPU Films for Flexible Circuits ................................... 105

Sensors ................................................................................................. 107Electrical ............................................................................................ 107

Hitoe ........................................................................................... 107Cocomi ....................................................................................... 108Panasonic Polymer Resin ........................................................... 109Cardiac Monitoring ..................................................................... 110

Mechanical ........................................................................................ 113Strain .............................................................................................. 113

Textile-Based Weft Knitted Strain Sensors ................................ 113Chain Mail Fabric for Smart Textiles .......................................... 113Nano-Treatment for Conductive Fiber/Sensors ......................... 115Piezoceramic materials .............................................................. 116

Graphene-Based Woven Fabric ................................................. 117Pressure Sensing ........................................................................... 117

LG Innotek Flexible Textile Pressure Sensors ............................ 117Hong Kong Polytechnic University Pressure Sensing Fibers ..... 119Conductive Polymer Composite Coatings ................................. 122Printed Textile Sensors To Track Movement ............................. 125

Environment ....................................................................................... 127Photochromic Textiles ................................................................ 127

Temperature ................................................................................... 127Sefar PowerSens ........................................................................ 127

Gasses & Chemicals ...................................................................... 127Textile Gas Sensors ................................................................... 127

Energy ................................................................................................ 130Storage .......................................................................................... 130

Graphene Supercapacitors ........................................................ 130Niobium Nanowire Supercapacitors .......................................... 130Stretchy supercapacitors ........................................................... 132

Energy Generation ......................................................................... 133StretchSense Energy Harvesting Kit .......................................... 133Piezoelectric Or Thermoelectric Coated Fibres ......................... 134

Optical ............................................................................................... 137Light Emitting ................................................................................. 137

University of Manchester Electroluminescent Inks and Yarns ... 137Polyera Wove ............................................................................. 138

Companies Mentioned ................................................................................. 141

ListofTablesTable 1 CAGR by application ......................................................................... 22Table 2 Value of market by application 2016-25 (millions USD) .................... 24Table 3 % market share by application ......................................................... 26Table 4 CAGR 2016-25 by application ........................................................... 26Table 5 Technology-Enabled Market Growth in Textile by Sector (2016-22) 28Table 6 Value of nanomaterials by sector 2016-22 ($ Millions) ...................... 33

ListofFiguresFigure 1 The 4th Industrial Revolution (World Economic Forum) ..................... 9Figure 2 Block Diagram of typical MEMS digital output motion sensor: ultra

low-power high performance 3-axis “femto” accelerometer used in fitness tracking devices. .......................................................................... 11

Figure 3 Interior of Fitbit Flex device (from iFixit) ........................................... 11Figure 4 Internal layout of Fitbit Flex. Red is the main CPU, orange is the

BTLE chip, blue is a charger, yellow is the accelerometer (from iFixit) ... 11Figure 5 Intel’s Curie processor stretches the definition of 'wearable' .......... 12Figure 6 Typical Textile Based Wearable System Components .................... 13Figure 7 The Chromat Aeros Sports Bra "powered by Intel, inspired by wind,

air and flight." .......................................................................................... 14Figure 8 The Evolution of Smart textiles ........................................................ 15Figure 9 Goldwin's C2fit IN-pulse sportswear using Toray's Hitoe ............... 16Figure 10 Sensoglove reads grip pressure for golfers ................................... 16Figure 11 Textile Based Wearables Growth 2016-25(USD Millions) .............. 21Figure 12 Total market for textile based wearables 2016-25 (USD Millions) . 22Figure 13 Health and Sports Market Size 2016-20 (USD Millions) ................ 23Figure 14 Health and Sports Market Size 2016-25 (USD Millions) ................ 23Figure 15 Critical steps for obtaining FDA medical device approval ............. 25Figure 16 Market split between wellbeing and medical 2016-25 ................... 26Figure 17 Current World Textile Market by Sector (2016) .............................. 27Figure 18 The Global Textile Market By Sector ($ Millions) ........................... 27Figure 19 Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR) by Sector (2016-25) .... 28Figure 20 The Global Textile Market in 2022 ................................................. 29Figure 21 The Global Textile Market in 2025 ................................................. 30Figure 22 Textile Market Evolution (2012-2025) ............................................. 30Figure 23 Total Value of Nanomaterials in Textiles 2012-2022 ($ Millions) .... 31Figure 24 Value of Nanomaterials in Textiles by Sector 2016-2025 ($ Millions)

................................................................................................................ 32Figure 25 Adidas miCoach Connect Heart Rate Monitor ............................... 36Figure 26 Sensoria's Hear Rate Monitoring Garments .................................. 37Figure 27 Flexible components used in Google's Project Jacquard ............. 40Figure 28 Google and Levi's Smart Jacket .................................................... 41Figure 29 Embedded electronics Google's Project Jacquard ....................... 42Figure 30 Samsung's WELT 'smart' belt ........................................................ 43Figure 31 Samsung Body Compass at CES16 .............................................. 44Figure 32 Lumo Run washable motion sensor ............................................... 45Figure 33 OMSignal's Smart Bra .................................................................... 49Figure 34 PoloTech Shirt from Ralph Lauren ................................................. 50Figure 35 Hexoskin Data Acquisition and Processing ................................... 51Figure 36 Peak+™ Hear Rate Monitoring Garment ....................................... 52Figure 37 StretchSense CEO Ben O’Brien, with a fabric stretch sensor ....... 53Figure 38 C3fit Pulse from Goldwin Inc ......................................................... 55Figure 39 The Antelope Tank-Top .................................................................. 58

Figure 40 Sportswear with integrated sensors from Textronix ...................... 60Figure 41 AdvanPro's pressure sensing insoles ............................................ 61Figure 42 AdvanPro's pressure sensing textile .............................................. 62Figure 43 Tamicare 3D Printing Sensors and Apparel ................................... 63Figure 44 Smart clothing using stainless steel yarns and textile sensors from

AiQ .......................................................................................................... 65Figure 45 EHO Smart Sock ............................................................................ 69Figure 46 BeBop Smart Car Seat Sensor ...................................................... 71Figure 47 Non-transparent printed sensors from Fraunhofer ISC ................. 73Figure 48 Clim8 Intelligent Heat Regulating Shirt .......................................... 74Figure 49 Temperature regulating smart fabric printed at UC San Diego ...... 76Figure 50 Intelligent Textiles Ltd smart uniform ............................................. 79Figure 51 BAE Systems Broadsword Spine ................................................... 80Figure 52 LG Chem cable-shaped lithium-ion battery powers an LED display

even when twisted and strained ............................................................. 81Figure 53 Supercapacitor yarn made of niobium nanowires ......................... 84Figure 54 Sphelar Textile ................................................................................ 89Figure 55 Sphelar Textile Solar Cells ............................................................. 89Figure 56 Katy Perry wears Cute Circuit in 2010 ........................................... 91Figure 57 Cute Circuit K Dress ....................................................................... 93Figure 58 MAKEFASHION runway at the Brother’s “Back to Business”

conference, Nashville 2016 ..................................................................... 94Figure 59 Covestro material with LEDs are positioned on formable films made

from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). ................................................. 95Figure 60 Unseen headpiece, made of 4000 conductive Swarovski stones,

changes color to correspond with localized brain activity ...................... 96Figure 61 Eighthsense a coded couture piece. .............................................. 97Figure 62 Durex Fundawear ........................................................................... 98Figure 63 Printed fabric sensors from the University of Tokyo .................... 100Figure 64 Tony Kanaan's shirt with electrically conductive nano-fibers ...... 107Figure 65 Panasonic stretchable resin technology ...................................... 109Figure 66 Nanoflex moniroring system ........................................................ 111Figure 67 Knitted strain sensors .................................................................. 113Figure 68 Chain Mail Fabric for Smart Textiles ............................................ 114Figure 69 Electroplated Fabric ..................................................................... 115Figure 70 LG Innotek flexible textile pressure sensors ................................ 118Figure 71 Smart Footwear installed with fabric sensors. (Credit: Image

courtesy of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University) ............................. 120Figure 72 SOFTCEPTOR™ textile strain sensors ........................................ 122Figure 73 conductive polymer composite coating for pressure sensing ..... 123

Figure 74 Fraunhofer ISC_ printed sensor ................................................... 125Figure 75 The graphene-coated yarn sensor. (Image: ETRI) ........................ 128Figure 76 Supercapacitor yarn made of niobium nanowires ....................... 131Figure 77 StretchSense Energy Harvesting Kit ............................................ 134Figure 78 Energy harvesting textiles at the University of Southampton ...... 135Figure 79 Polyera Wove Flexible Screen ...................................................... 139