Smart Systems(Muhammad Umar 100688).PDF

7/27/2019 Smart Systems(Muhammad Umar 100688).PDF

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Smart Systems

Muhamma Umar Iqtidar

Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan

The use of smart systems in product design has become a part integral part of consumer demand it is to meet this demand themaker are making systems more and more smart and compacts. The smart systems will save billions of dollars and hours of man hour the smart systems will make the human life easy and safe in every aspect

Introduction

Smart systems are the systems that can sense from thestimulus and then respond according to the situation. Smartsystems are efficient and effective systems when talkedabout designing a product these types of systems are usedin making the life easy for the designer as well as the users.The scope of this paper is to discuss these types of systems

Smart systems in product design

History of smart (intelligent) products dates back to 1940after the invention of programmable computer but in the

recent times the urge of man to have self-sustainingartificially intelligent products has increased. Tocompensate that companies have started to design productsthat are smarter. In smart product different smart systemscollectively perform a smart work; these systems havedifferent dumb components that are programmed to work collectively to attain certain task.

WorkingSimple smart system has four basic components. Thesecomponents are power supply, sensors (to sense),controlunit (that takes decisions)and an input/output device(to

perform action).The figure shows basic working principleof a smart system used in intelligent products .In thissystem sensor acquire data from stimulus and send it to

control unit, control unit takes the required action and sendit to input/output device which takes the required actionand receives more data from the user or stimulus and thensend the data back to the control unit which then suggest

the desired action again and the loop continues. The inputoutput device might be a sensor; touch screen in case of touch phone the type of Input Output device might varyaccording to the application. Smart components arecompact as well

Fig. 1 basic working of an intelligent system 1

Use of Smart systems in products

AutomobileIn 1980’s the concept of ‘smart cars’ came in and smartcars were take as those cars that were compact but withgrowing innovations in the automotive industry and in thefield of artificial intelligence the concept of Intelligentcruise control, Intelligent control valves, Computer aidedABS breaking systems and many other smart systems theconcept of smart has changed totally

Mobile phonesThe first mobile phone was sold in 1970’s and after that the

development persisted but in the late 1990’s the concept of smart phone came in when a mobile phone was combinedwith a personal digital assistant after that the mobile phone

became smarter and smarter by becoming more compactand increasing processing power and with the innovation of social networking sites and increasing number of sensorsmobile phones are becoming smarter



AircraftAircraft was had smart systems from mid twentieth centurywhen intelligent weather control system was used inaircraft brakes after that smart systems like fly-by-wire,Autopilot came in up to a level where the airplane whether they are commercial or fighters has become more and more

advance

Electric appliancesThe use of smart systems have made daily home appliancesmore easy to use and much more efficient like smart TVmade by Samsung can be used as a computer has a processit is intelligent as well as it can detect the motion in roomand can turn off automatically

Smart Systems and intelligent system in designing

products

The concept of smart systems have revolutionized theentire concept of product design from the initial concept of

product design to the product which is to be designed itself everything has changed now the systems have becomemore efficient and effective. Mentioned below are some of the features that show how the product design has beenrevolutionized with smart and intelligent system.

Use of smart systems in product design

The figure below shows different aspects in which productdesign has been improved with the utilization of smart andsmart systems some of the major aspects are covered below

Fig.2 Basic elements of smart systems in product design2

User interaction

It is truly described by the concept of internet of peoplemeets internet of things. With the advancement of the

internet now people can talk and exchange data all acrossthe globe with a click of button, now this thing has goneone step further with the production of smart phone andtablets. The huge data base of internet has everything thathas been studied till now and (still increasing with theadvancement of human knowledge) is one click away. It isthe smart systems that have made the storage places for thedata smaller and faster and at the same time larger in termsof capacity. It is the smart internet that has made orderingof consumable items availed on the go. The internet has

saved man hours for the companies as the delays due tocommunicator’s constraints have been covered.

Machine to machine Interaction

It is the smart systems that has made man to machine andmachine to machine interaction easy and efficient thesmart and smart systems have made life of designer easy

now the ideas can be analyzed and tested on the drawing board and can be manufacture it. The uses of that smart andintelligent technology that the designer can design approveand manufacture products with one click of the button. Thissmartness saves man hours and tons of money to theindustry.

CATIA3 CATIA is a perfect example of man to machine andmachine to machine interaction .CATIA( Computer AidedThree-dimensional Interactive Application) made by theDassault systems is one of the best set of software used for designing. CATIA is used by many industries of automotive, marine and aircraft industries CATIA can doanything from designing to simulation. CATIA is

interactive software which is installed in more than onecomputer connected by a network. There is a main PCwhich assigns the assignment and takes input from all theconnected computers. It also monitors all the other connected computers .CATIA is also capable of generatingmachine G codes for the CNCS.

Case Study4

The intelligent safety and driving systems used in MercedesBenz S-class 2014 is a perfect example of Smart systems indesigned products. Mentioned below are some of thesalient features of the new Mercedes

Sensorsshort-range radar sensors at the front (30 m, 80°),1 long-

range radar sensor at the front (200 m, 18°) with mid-rangedetection (60 m, 60°),2 short-range radar sensors on thesides at the rear (30 m, 80°),1 multi-mode radar sensor atthe rear (30 m, 80° and 80 m, 16°),Stereo camera (StereoMulti-Purpose Camera, SMPC) located behind thewindshield in the vicinity of the rear-view mirror (range500 m, incl. 3D capability for approx. 50 m, 45°),12ultrasonic sensors (4 each at the front / rear + 2 each on theleft / right in the front and rear bumpers),4 cameras as 360°camera system (1 each at the front in the radiator grille / atthe rear in the trunk handle recess / on the bottom of theexterior mirror housings, vertical approx. 130°, horizontal180°, resolution 1 megapixel (1280 - 800 px)

Fig.3 Mercedes-Benz S-Class sensors5



DISTRONIC PLUS with Steering Assist helps the driver toguide the vehicle in its lane and can follow the vehicle infront in slow-moving traffic automatically,

The Brake Assist system BAS PLUS with Cross-TrafficAssist is able to detect cross traffic and also pedestrians,and if necessary boost the braking power applied by the

driver accordingly. PRE-SAFE Brake can detect pedestrians and initiate autonomous braking to avoid acollision at low speeds.

PRE-SAFE PLUS can recognize an imminent rear-endcollision, prompting the PRE-SAFE system to trigger occupant protection measures. It flashes back light to warnand then firmly apply the stationary vehicle’s brakes in theevent of a rear-end collision to prevent secondaryaccidents.

With PRE-SAFE Impulse, the driver and front passenger are pulled away from the direction of impact by their seat

belts at an early phase of the crash before the resulting

occupant deceleration. This can substantially reduce therisk and severity of injuries.

Active Lane Keeping Assist can detect the condition of traffic and when the adjacent lane is clear it helps inchanging lane, this prevents damage and it also preventsvehicle from leaving its lane if the steering is left idle byapplying the brakes on one side.

Adaptive High beam Assist PLUS allows the main-beamheadlamps are connected to inbuilt computer which isconnected to two sensors located below the frontal bumper.These sensors detect the condition of darkness and thenadjust the beam. There are infrared sensors that can detect

the presence of animal or pedestrian at night and thenapplying autonomous breaking

ATTENTION ASSIST warns the driver of inattentivenessand drowsiness in an extended speed range and notifies thedriver of their current state of fatigue and the driving timesince the last break and the steering patterns.

PARKING ASSIST can help the driver in parking bydetecting the sufficient spaces for parking.

Future Trends in Application of Smart Systems6

Some of the fields that will be changed forever by the use

of Smart systems are mentioned below.

Robot Human SpeciesThe implication of smart systems can take the medicine

bio-Tec engineering to a level where it can make trans-human which will be helpful in reducing aging andabnormalities. The special suits can revolutionize warfareforever.

Space age MedicineThe concept of space age medicine incorporates the use of artificial muscles in body and the robot assistant surgeonwhich will help pass correct tools and keep track of toolfurthermore they will be capable of performing surgerythemselves which will be better as human have emotions,shaking hands and are more prone to error.

Robotic ServantsRobotic servants will do the boring and time consumingwork like house cleaning, bedding, laundry and cookingwith a single order this will save time and energy

Automated SecurityAlthough the security systems are automated but there will

be a time when robots will be capable of getting rid of conmen themselves this will replace the security guards for ever be replaced forever this will make things and homessafer.

Driverless Transport

In the near future the cars will be self driven thanks to the

smart systems they will be able to drive people safely totheir destination all the people will have to do will be to sit

back and relax and enjoy the scenery

Advantage of Self Driven cars8 According to a research conducted in the USA the majorityof the population of use age between 14-35 years of ageand out of these 20percent of the population is not having adriving license and the 16percent of population is thegeneration of space age that means that they have spendtheir life’s growing up with gaming consoles and smart

phones. These people are more exotic drivers and are notvery care plus they are not interested in getting drivinglicense. The smart cars have become need of time thesesmart cars will save $299billon to the us government this

technology will use GPS and cameras and many other sensors that will include smart systems the use of smartcars will. The self driven cars have will have a traffic jamalert which will save Americans 4.8 billion hours of timeand 1.9 billion gallons of wasted fuel.

Saving the PlanetsThe robots and automated breathers will be able to takecare of the air pollutions similarly artificially intelligentdevices will be able to differentiate between the hazardous

particles and microbes inside water.

Tackling Dangerous JobsAll the dangerous jobs like firefighting , boring, drillingall will be done by robots having smart systems .In somecountries robots are cleaning mines. Some counties areusing these intelligent systems as war fighting elements.Predator (drone) is one such example.

MeteorologyThe meteorologist use computer to detect different patternsthat can detect storm or any other abnormality with the useof intelligent systems this can become more efficient andaccurate.



Space ExplorationLike curiosity the robots will be sent in the far reaches of the space that will be intelligent enough to protect them andto send necessary data back to earth.

Autopilots

Although autopilots are still there that are able to land theaircraft safely but there will be a time when the autopilotswill be able to protect the people and aircraft and will beable to calculate a scenario and land safely one suchexample is X-47b

Smart bridgesSmarts bridges are the bridges that can detect the weather conditions and the condition of their wear and tear and thenhelp the engineers to determine whether the bridge is safeto use of not a diagram of smart systems is shown below

Fig 4 schematic diagram of a smart bridge7

ManufacturingThis incorporates the use of rapid prototyping

computerized numeric controls and nanomites that are aconcept of nanotechnology will detect the internal cracks inthe materials that are unreachable like the blade of turbine

Nanotechnology Nanotechnology in the perfect example of mart system itwill be able to perform all the tasks that a person cannot dowith his finger that include fighting cancer ,viruses and

bacteria and to healing of large ships.

Smart MaterialsSmart systems is nothing without the use of smart materialsthese material have different properties by combining these

properties a desired materials can be achieved .The self healing materials will need certain technology to

manufacture and the technology use to manufacture thesematerials will be manufactured by use of smart systems

Conclusion

It is concluded that the use of smart systems will make thelife of human easy and will billions of dollars and millionsof man hours. The use of smart systems will also play

pivotal role in saving the human race from starvation andwill make humans less prone to accident.

Acknowledgement

The use of smart systems in product design is a term paper written for a purpose of interactive learning.

References1

http://www.smart-systems-integration.org/public/documents/presentations/presentation-at-the-eposs-general-assembly-annual-forum-engagement-day-2012/eposs-annual-forum-2012-27-september-2012/session-2-design-and-manufacturing-challenges-in-smart-systems-integration/Session2_Nb01_Topham_Arts-Science_Fashioning%202020%20Products.pdf

2http://www.windriver.com/m2m/edk/Harbor_ResearchM2M_and_Smart_Sys_Report.pdf

3 http://www.3ds.com/products-services/catia/capabilities/catia-engineering/

4 http://life.nationalpost.com/2013/07/17/2014-mercedesbenz-s550-4matic-is-the-most-complex-car-on-the-road/

5 http://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/11/mb-20121122.html

6 http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/curiosity/topics/ways-artificial-intelligence-will-affect-our-lives.htm

7 http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo1/no3/doc/25-32-eng.pdf

8http://www.kpmg.com/Ca/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesP

ublications/Documents/self-driving-cars-next-revolution.pdf