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Assist. Prof. Dr. Manja Kitek Kuzman, architect
Department of Wood Science and Technology
University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Wooden Buildings in Slovenia
Slovenia
23rd June 2014
Timber Passive House Technologies of
Slovenian Contemporary Architecture57th International Convention of Society of Wood Science
and Technology, June 23-27, 2014 – Zvolen, SLOVAKIA
Brick Wood Don’t konow
What kind of building would
you choose?
The number of people opting for a
wooden building is higher than 5 years ago!
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 2
Examples: Panel system (prefabricated), wood frame, solid wood construction
In addition to the production of bigger companies, a non
negligible amount of wooden houses have appeared
lately, constructed by the undertakings themselves and
through smaller tradesmen - carpentry workshops.
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 3
Wood in Slovenian Contemporary Buildings
.
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 4
According to the Slovene legislative framework, particularly to the Energy Act, the system of energy
performance certification is defined in Rules on the methodology of construction and issuance of
building energy certificates (2009).
Classifications of Energy-efficient buildings
Passive house
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 5
19th Century 20th Century 21th Century
Different timber passive house technologies
a) Panel construction, b) Timber-frame wall element with I-studs I-joists), c) Solid wood construction
Passive Houses require less than 15 kWh/(m²yr) for heating or cooling (relating to the living space)
The heating/cooling load is limited to a maximum of 10 W/m2
Primary energy use may not exceed 120 kWh/(m²a).
Passive Houses must be airtight with air change rates being limited to n50 = 0.6/h.
In warmer climates and/or during summer months, excessive temperatures may not occur more
than 10 % of the time.
Jelovica houses Lumar Riko houses
.
THE HOUSE RE _ Vrhnika
ARCHITECT.
SONO ARCHITECTS
ground floor
section
Perfection of means and confusion of
goals seem to characterize our age.
Albert Einstein
Passive house in Slovenia
veryimportant
fairlyimportant
not veryimportant
not at allimportant
don't know
80
18
1 1 0
How important is protecting the environment to you
personally? (n=900) Slovenian public opinion reserch, 2013
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 15
The number of passive houses in 31 countries of Europe.
PASSIVE
HOUSE
CONSORTIUM
Passive House Days 2014 also in Slovenia!
Slovenian government is
supporting energy efficiency activities.
Certificates
University of Ljubljana | Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 16
Tabl
e sh
owin
g th
e de
velo
pmen
t of b
uild
ing
sust
aina
bilit
y
asse
ssm
ent m
etho
ds.
Graphical representation of the
shares of individual categories
in different building
assessment methods.
In recent decades several methodologies have been developed to assess the quality of buildings:
Natura Optimo XLT
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 17
Certificate for Building sistem
Active house a product of Slovenian know-how
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology
"We believe that knowledge can give us a
relatively secure future. This is especially
true for companies coming from a sector
that is as demanding as construction”.
Lukič, Lumar IG
18
Active house concept, this highly energy-efficient
structure makes best use of solar energy and offers
utmost living comfort.
The built-in smart home installations,
the ceiling-mounted heating and cooling system,
the rooftop photovoltaic installations and
solar collectors in combination with
skylights are only one part of the concept.
outside rainwater collector
.
Case study: The Active House
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 19
Location | Dragočajna, Year | 2013
Surface | 151 m2
Construction time | 1 year
Structural engineer | dr. Luka Pavlovčič, Lumar IG
Energy efficiency | plusenergy (PHPP 15 kWh/m2a)
U-value (W/(m2K)) | wall 0,1; roof 0,1; floor 0,12;
window 0,87: glass 0,6; frame 0,86
Construction system | timber frame
Construction company | Lumar IG d.o.o.
Price | best practice Zeleni svinčnik 2013, ZAPS
House technique | air to water heat pump, floor heating,
solar collector, photovoltaic power station, comfort
ventilation with heat recovery,rain water collector
Architect | Jernej Gartner, Brigita Babnik, Gregor
Košorok, KOŠOROKGARTNER ARHITEKTI
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 20
Key technologies
• Solar façade
• Pre-fabrication of facade modules
• Energy concept based on renewable energy sources (mainly solar thermal energy)
• New heating- and DHW supply system installed between the façade and existing wall
• Decentralized ventilation systems with heat recovery
• Control and remote maintenance via internet
High performance renovation of residental building1_ Residential area Dieselweg 4 _Graz,A
.
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 21
- Façade solutions
Pre-fabricated façade module
Exemplary floor plan of renovated building – showing new thermal
envelope, integrated balconies and new lift [Source: Hohensinn ZT GmbH]Cross section – new thermal envelope
Renovation concept
Winter Summer
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 22
One building side is closed.
[Gap-Solution GmbH]
Sequence of assembly of the façade modules [Kulmer Bau]
First module is the lowest one. It is mounted on steel-bearing
angles, which are fixed on the plinth. All other modules rest on the
previous one. Therefore all joints are horizontally designed.
Assembly of the lowest
module
Module dimension:
12 x 3 m
Dimension of modules is fixed
by the line of the intermediate
floor and the window lintel.
Sequence of pre-
fabrication procedure in
the fabrication hall
[Gap-Solution GmbH]
Concept of pre-fabrication
University of Ljubljana| Department of Wood Science & Technology dr.Manja K. Kuzman 24
Plus-energy renovation of residental complex2_Johann Boehmstrasse_Kapfenberg,A